EP1906424A1 - Device for checking the operation of a densitometer for medium- and high-voltage electrical devices and method for checking the operation of a densitometer - Google Patents

Device for checking the operation of a densitometer for medium- and high-voltage electrical devices and method for checking the operation of a densitometer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1906424A1
EP1906424A1 EP07117218A EP07117218A EP1906424A1 EP 1906424 A1 EP1906424 A1 EP 1906424A1 EP 07117218 A EP07117218 A EP 07117218A EP 07117218 A EP07117218 A EP 07117218A EP 1906424 A1 EP1906424 A1 EP 1906424A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
densimeter
control device
cover
volume
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Granted
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EP07117218A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1906424B1 (en
Inventor
David Chambon
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Areva T&D SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H01H33/563—Gas reservoirs comprising means for monitoring the density of the insulating gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling a densimeter for monitoring a leakage rate of a medium and high voltage electrical equipment envelope filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, whose polluting effects on the environment are reduced and to a method of controlling the operation of said sensor.
  • a densimeter or density sensor is applied, for example, to a switch or circuit breaker, to an insulated or metallic envelope station or to a sealed metallic envelope station containing a dielectric gas, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) under a pressure of a few bars.
  • a dielectric gas for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
  • the densimeter is attached to the casing and is subjected to gas pressure in order to continuously measure the gas pressure in the casing. Even small leaks being unavoidable, the density or pressure of the dielectric gas in the envelope tends to decrease. Below a predetermined threshold, the operation of the circuit breaker is no longer safe. It is then necessary to inject a certain amount of gas in order to return to above the critical threshold.
  • SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • Such densimeters are for example known documents FR 2,770,295 , WO 2004/027804 and US 6,293,914 .
  • the densimeters comprise two contact thresholds swinging during a loss of density of gas in the envelope
  • the first contact threshold corresponds to a so-called "alarm" threshold P1 which informs the operator of the necessity to intervene on the apparatus to carry out additional filling
  • the second threshold P2 corresponds to a density value below which the electrical characteristics and the cut-off performance of the gas pressure apparatus are no longer guaranteed, in particular, the power failure during a short-circuit fault, depending on the conditions and / or the operating obligations of the network.
  • the customer will immediately give, as soon as this second threshold is reached, an opening order and lock it in the open position or it will hold it in the closed locked position according to several parameters, notably the variation of the pressure and the temperature. of gas, the breaking performance of currents of the electrical equipment.
  • the densimeter is then an important safety organ; therefore, the proper functioning of the contacts should be monitored regularly on the basis of a pressure / temperature scale.
  • Such verification is carried out at regular intervals by simulating leakage of the dielectric gas, in particular during preventive maintenance.
  • the densimeter is isolated from the inner volume of the envelope, which is then isolated in a chamber. Then the gas is flown to the outside environment and the behavior of the density meter is checked, to verify that it actually detects the pressure drop during the leakage of gas to the outside environment, and that it reacts. Consequently.
  • SF6 gas is a greenhouse gas and it is best to control leaks in the outdoor environment.
  • a device for controlling the operation of a densimeter comprising a sealed chamber with respect to the external environment, the volume of which can increase to lower its internal pressure in dielectric gas at a threshold of tripping of the electrical apparatus, the densimeter being able to measure the gas pressure in said chamber.
  • the gas leak is thus simulated by the lowering of the gas pressure in a closed chamber whose volume has increased.
  • the isolation means comprise a valve whose opening and closing are controlled by changing the volume of the closed chamber. It is then not necessary to provide for synchronizing the isolation of the closed chamber and the change in the volume of the closed chamber, the control device is then simple to implement.
  • the control device comprises for example a body integral with the envelope and a cover, said body and said cover defining the closed chamber, said cover being able to slide in a sealed manner in the body to modify the volume of the closed chamber.
  • the lid controls the opening and closing of the valve.
  • the valve may comprise a rod and a shutter, said shutter being intended to cooperate sealingly with a seat bordering a communication passage between the closed chamber and the interior space of the envelope, said rod being able to be displaced by the lid to control the opening and closing of the valve.
  • the order is very simple and robust.
  • the control device comprises, for example screws connecting the cover to the body and allowing said cover to slide on a determined stroke.
  • the present invention also relates to a medium and high voltage electrical apparatus in a sealed metal envelope filled with dielectric gas under pressure comprising at least one control device according to the present invention and a densimeter capable of measuring the pressure in the chamber of the control device. .
  • the isolation of the densimeter is advantageously caused by the expansion of the volume of the chamber.
  • the step of verifying the behavior of the densimeter provides for the detection of a switch of alarm contacts and an opening of the circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a device for controlling the operation of a densimeter according to the present invention mounted on a metal casing 4 of a circuit breaker or apparatus. electric high voltage.
  • the envelope defines an interior space 5 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) at a gas pressure of 7 bar effective at 20 ° C.
  • a dielectric gas under pressure for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) at a gas pressure of 7 bar effective at 20 ° C.
  • the control device comprises a housing 6 integral with the casing 4. In the example shown, it is in one piece with the casing 4, which makes it possible to avoid sealing problems between the casing and the envelope 4.
  • the housing 6 delimits an interior chamber 8 adapted to be placed in communication with the interior space 5 of the envelope 4 by a channel 9.
  • the pressure in the chamber 8 is equal to that prevailing in the space 5.
  • a densimeter 2 is, in the example shown, mounted in a sealed manner on the housing 4 and intended to measure the pressure of SF6 in the chamber 8.
  • the densimeter is capable of detecting at least one pressure threshold, advantageously two pressure thresholds; a first threshold P1 corresponding to an alarm threshold corresponding to the need to intervene on the densimeter, and a second threshold P2 corresponding to the case where the operation of the electrical equipment is no longer guaranteed, in particular the power failure during a fault in short circuit. In the latter case, the device is either opened and locked in this position, or locked in the closed position.
  • the densimeter 2 is connected to a processing unit (not shown) able to indicate to the users the state of the electrical equipment.
  • the chamber 8 has a volume able to vary.
  • the housing 6 comprises an upper portion 12 forming a lid and a body 14 on which is mounted in a sealed manner the lid 12.
  • the lid 12 is able to move in a sealed manner with respect to the body so as to modify the volume of the chamber 8.
  • the cover 12 has a smaller diameter portion 12.1 and a larger diameter portion 12.2 forming a base, the smaller diameter portion 12.1 being slidably mounted in the body 14.
  • Dynamic sealing means 16 are provided between the cover 12 and the body 14 in order to ensure frictional sealing during the displacement of the cover in the body 14. These are for example mounted in a groove on a periphery outside of the smaller diameter part 12.1.
  • the sealing means are for example an O-ring or a lip seal
  • the base 12.2 is intended to bear against a free end 14.1 of the body 14.
  • the control device also comprises a means 10 for sealingly isolating the chamber 8 from the volume 5.
  • the means 10 is formed by a valve comprising a shutter 18 and a seat 20 bordering the channel 9.
  • the shutter 18 is resiliently urged into contact with the seat 20 to close the channel 9, for example by means of a helical spring 25.
  • valve stem 22 integral with the shutter 18, mounted in the channel 9 and projecting into the chamber 8.
  • a free end 22.1 of the valve stem 22 is adapted to come into contact with the cover 12 and to be moved in the opening direction of the valve indicated by the arrow F by the cover 12.
  • the spring 25 is mounted in reaction between an end 9.1 of the channel 9 opposite that carrying the valve seat 20 and the free end 22.1 of the valve stem 22.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of being simple and robust; it is not necessary to provide an external control, bulky and weathered. In addition, the control of the valve is effected without the need for additional external elements.
  • a second channel 26 is provided in the cover 12 to bring the gas under pressure to the densimeter. But it can be expected that the densimeter opens directly into the chamber 8.
  • the lid 12 is fixed on the body 14 for example by means of screws not shown, for example four.
  • the control device is in the configuration of Figure 1, the volume of the chamber 8 is minimum.
  • the screws are in a completely loose state the volume of the chamber 8 is maximum.
  • the securing means 24 of the cover 12 on the body 14 are also provided. These means also form guiding means for moving the cover relative to the body in a given stroke in order to avoid a loss of seal between the cover 12 and the body 14.
  • the securing means 14 are for example formed by screws mounted captively on the body 4.
  • the chamber 8 In the normal monitoring state shown in FIG. 1, the chamber 8 is in communication with the space 5. The densimeter then measures the pressure prevailing in the chamber 8 and therefore in the space 5.
  • the screws are gradually unscrewed. At first, the cover 12 moves away from body, bringing the shutter 18 closer to the seat 20, until the latter comes into sealed contact with the seat 20 and isolates the chamber 8 from the space 5. Then, in a second step, the unscrewing screws are continued to cause an additional increase in the volume of the chamber 8.
  • the lid functions as a piston.
  • the alarm contacts switch and the circuit breaker opens. In the opposite case, the densimeter requires an intervention.
  • the initial volume of the chamber 8 and its volume variation are determined so that the pressure in the chamber 8, when its volume is maximum, is less than the second pressure threshold P2 of the circuit breaker. It is also possible that the pressure in the chamber corresponds to the first threshold P1. In this case, it only checks the operation of the alarm and not the switching of the contacts.
  • the densimeter was thus controlled without releasing greenhouse gases in the external environment.
  • no mass of gas is taken from the envelope.
  • the pressure drop is due only to the unavoidable leaks, and not because of the tests.
  • the filling pressure is at 7 effective bars
  • the alarm threshold P1 at 6 bars
  • the threshold P2 at 5.7 bars.
  • the increase in the volume of the chamber 8 is done manually. But it can be provided mechanisms controlled by an electric motor and / or hydraulic cylinders.
  • the control device comprises means for measuring the pressure prevailing in the chamber 8 in order to verify at which pressure value the density meter is actually triggered.
  • these means comprise a channel 28 formed in the cover 12, which opens into the hydrometer channel and outside.
  • a non-return valve is mounted in the channel 28 at its end opening outward to allow connection to a reference pressure gauge or standard gauge or other conventional or electronic reference system (not shown).
  • the standard manometer is connected to the chamber 8 before changing its volume.
  • the densimeter according to the present invention has the advantage of being of very simple construction and operation.

Abstract

The apparatus has an internal chamber (8) in communication with an internal space of a metal casing. An isolation unit (10) isolates the chamber from the internal space in a gastight manner, where a volume of the chamber is varied. A densimeter (2) e.g. density sensor, detects a pressure threshold in the chamber. A body (14) is set integral with the casing, and a lid (12) slides in the gastight manner in the body to modify the volume of the closed chamber. A housing (6) is secured to or integral with the casing. A retaining unit (24) retains the lid on the body. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) medium-voltage and high-voltage electrical equipment having gastight metal casing (2) a method of checking operation of a densimeter.

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE ET ART ANTÉRIEURTECHNICAL FIELD AND PRIOR ART

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif de contrôle d'un densimètre pour surveiller un taux de fuite d'une enveloppe d'appareillage électrique à moyenne et haute tension remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, dont les effets polluants sur l'environnement sont réduits et à un procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement dudit capteur.The present invention relates to a device for controlling a densimeter for monitoring a leakage rate of a medium and high voltage electrical equipment envelope filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, whose polluting effects on the environment are reduced and to a method of controlling the operation of said sensor.

Un densimètre ou capteur de densité est appliqué par exemple à un interrupteur ou à disjoncteur, à un poste sous enveloppe isolante ou métallique ou à un poste sous enveloppe métallique étanche contenant un gaz diélectrique, par exemple de l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6) sous une pression de quelques bars. Le densimètre est fixé sur l'enveloppe et est soumis à la pression de gaz afin de mesurer en permanence la pression de gaz dans l'enveloppe. Des fuites mêmes faibles étant inévitables, la densité ou pression du gaz diélectrique dans l'enveloppe tend à diminuer. En deçà d'un seuil prédéterminé, le fonctionnement du disjoncteur n'est plus sûr. Il est alors nécessaire d'injecter une certaine quantité de gaz afin de repasser au dessus du seuil critique.A densimeter or density sensor is applied, for example, to a switch or circuit breaker, to an insulated or metallic envelope station or to a sealed metallic envelope station containing a dielectric gas, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) under a pressure of a few bars. The densimeter is attached to the casing and is subjected to gas pressure in order to continuously measure the gas pressure in the casing. Even small leaks being unavoidable, the density or pressure of the dielectric gas in the envelope tends to decrease. Below a predetermined threshold, the operation of the circuit breaker is no longer safe. It is then necessary to inject a certain amount of gas in order to return to above the critical threshold.

Lorsque ce seuil est franchi, une alarme est activée afin d'informer le service de maintenance. Cette alarme est activée suite aux mesures réalisées par le densimètre ou manomètre.When this threshold is crossed, an alarm is activated in order to inform the maintenance service. This alarm is activated following the measurements made by the hydrometer or manometer.

De tels densimètres sont par exemple connus des documents FR 2 770 295 , WO 2004/027804 et US 6 293 914 .Such densimeters are for example known documents FR 2,770,295 , WO 2004/027804 and US 6,293,914 .

De manière classique, les densimètres comportent deux seuils de contact basculant lors d'une perte de densité de gaz dans l'enveloppe , le premier seuil de contact correspond à un seuil dit « d'alarme » P1 qui informe l'exploitant de la nécessité d'intervenir sur l'appareil pour effectuer un complément de remplissage, le deuxième seuil P2 correspond à une valeur de densité en deçà de laquelle les caractéristiques électriques et les performances en coupure de l'appareil sous pression de gaz ne sont plus garanties, en particulier la coupure du courant lors d'un défaut en court-circuit, suivant les conditions et/ou les obligations d'exploitation du réseau. Le client donnera immédiatement, dès que ce deuxième seuil est atteint, un ordre d'ouverture et le verrouillera en position ouverte ou bien, il le maintiendra en position verrouillée fermée en fonction de plusieurs paramètres, notamment la variation de la pression et de la température du gaz, la performance de coupure de courants de l'appareillage électrique.In a conventional manner, the densimeters comprise two contact thresholds swinging during a loss of density of gas in the envelope, the first contact threshold corresponds to a so-called "alarm" threshold P1 which informs the operator of the necessity to intervene on the apparatus to carry out additional filling, the second threshold P2 corresponds to a density value below which the electrical characteristics and the cut-off performance of the gas pressure apparatus are no longer guaranteed, in particular, the power failure during a short-circuit fault, depending on the conditions and / or the operating obligations of the network. The customer will immediately give, as soon as this second threshold is reached, an opening order and lock it in the open position or it will hold it in the closed locked position according to several parameters, notably the variation of the pressure and the temperature. of gas, the breaking performance of currents of the electrical equipment.

Le densimètre est alors un organe de sécurité important ; il faut par conséquent surveiller le bon fonctionnement des contacts de manière régulière sur la base d'une échelle de pression/température.The densimeter is then an important safety organ; therefore, the proper functioning of the contacts should be monitored regularly on the basis of a pressure / temperature scale.

Une telle vérification est réalisée à intervalles réguliers en simulant une fuite du gaz diélectrique, en particulier au cours d'une maintenance préventive.Such verification is carried out at regular intervals by simulating leakage of the dielectric gas, in particular during preventive maintenance.

Pour cela, on isole le densimètre du volume intérieur de l'enveloppe, qui se trouve alors isolé dans une chambre. Puis on fait s'écouler le gaz vers l'environnement extérieur et on vérifie le comportement du densimètre, afin de vérifier qu'il détecte effectivement la baisse de pression lors de la fuite de gaz vers l'environnement extérieur, et qu'il réagit en conséquence.For this purpose, the densimeter is isolated from the inner volume of the envelope, which is then isolated in a chamber. Then the gas is flown to the outside environment and the behavior of the density meter is checked, to verify that it actually detects the pressure drop during the leakage of gas to the outside environment, and that it reacts. Consequently.

Or, le gaz SF6 est un gaz à effet de serre dont il est préférable de contrôler les fuites dans l'environnement extérieur.SF6 gas is a greenhouse gas and it is best to control leaks in the outdoor environment.

Dans le cas des disjoncteurs, la quantité de gaz mis en oeuvre dans chaque enveloppe est très faible, cependant au vu du nombre de disjoncteurs et des autres postes électriques contenant un tel gaz, mêmes les faibles fuites de gaz répétées pour contrôler le bon fonctionnement du densimètre peuvent représenter une quantité de gaz à effet de serre non négligeable.In the case of circuit breakers, the amount of gas used in each envelope is very small, however in view of the number of circuit breakers and other electrical stations containing such a gas, even the small repeated gas leaks to control the proper functioning of the circuit breaker. hydrometer can represent a significant amount of greenhouse gas.

C'est par conséquent un but de la présente invention d'offrir un dispositif de vérification du fonctionnement d'un densimètre évitant une telle pollution.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for verifying the operation of a hydrometer avoiding such pollution.

C'est également un but de la présente invention d'offrir un procédé de contrôle d'un densimètre non polluant.It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method of controlling a non-polluting densimeter.

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

Le but précédemment énoncé est atteint par un dispositif de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un densimètre, comportant une chambre étanche par rapport à l'environnement extérieur, dont le volume peut augmenter pour abaisser sa pression interne en gaz diélectrique au niveau d'un seuil de déclenchement de l'appareil électrique, le densimètre étant apte à mesurer la pression de gaz dans ladite chambre.The previously stated purpose is achieved by a device for controlling the operation of a densimeter, comprising a sealed chamber with respect to the external environment, the volume of which can increase to lower its internal pressure in dielectric gas at a threshold of tripping of the electrical apparatus, the densimeter being able to measure the gas pressure in said chamber.

La fuite de gaz est ainsi simulée par la baisse de la pression du gaz dans une chambre fermée dont le volume a augmenté.The gas leak is thus simulated by the lowering of the gas pressure in a closed chamber whose volume has increased.

En d'autres termes, au lieu de provoquer une réelle fuite pour vérifier le fonctionnement du densimètre, on génère une baisse de pression dans un volume fermé à masse de gaz constante.In other words, instead of causing a real leak to check the operation of the densimeter, it generates a pressure drop in a closed volume constant gas mass.

Grâce à la présente invention, aucun volume de gaz n'est volontairement rejeté dans l'environnement, le fonctionnement en conditions normales des appareils électriques sous enveloppe métallique n'est donc plus polluant par rejet de gaz à effet de serre, et leurs conditions de fonctionnement sont surveillées de manière efficace.Thanks to the present invention, no volume of gas is deliberately released into the environment, the operation under normal conditions of electrical devices in metal casing is no longer polluting by greenhouse gas emissions, and their operating conditions. functioning are monitored effectively.

La présente invention a alors principalement pour objet un dispositif de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un densimètre pour appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression, comportant une chambre fermée apte à être en communication avec un espace intérieur de l'enveloppe, des moyens pour isoler de manière étanche au gaz la chambre de l'espace intérieur, dans lequel ladite chambre fermée est à volume variable, le densimètre étant apte à détecter au moins un seuil de pression dans ladite chambre.The main subject of the present invention is therefore a device for controlling the operation of a densimeter for a medium and high voltage electrical appliance under a metal envelope filled with dielectric gas under pressure, comprising a closed chamber able to be in communication with an internal space of the envelope means for gastight isolation of the chamber from space interior, wherein said closed chamber is of variable volume, the densimeter being able to detect at least one pressure threshold in said chamber.

De manière avantageuse, les moyens d'isolement comportent un clapet dont l'ouverture et la fermeture sont commandées par la modification du volume de la chambre fermée. Il n'est alors pas nécessaire de prévoir de synchroniser l'isolement de la chambre fermée et la modification du volume de la chambre fermée, le dispositif de contrôle est alors de réalisation simple.Advantageously, the isolation means comprise a valve whose opening and closing are controlled by changing the volume of the closed chamber. It is then not necessary to provide for synchronizing the isolation of the closed chamber and the change in the volume of the closed chamber, the control device is then simple to implement.

Le dispositif de contrôle comporte par exemple un corps solidaire de l'enveloppe et un couvercle, ledit corps et ledit couvercle délimitant la chambre fermée, ledit couvercle étant apte à coulisser de manière étanche dans le corps pour modifier le volume de la chambre fermée.The control device comprises for example a body integral with the envelope and a cover, said body and said cover defining the closed chamber, said cover being able to slide in a sealed manner in the body to modify the volume of the closed chamber.

En outre, il est avantageusement prévu que le couvercle commande l'ouverture et la fermeture du clapet.In addition, it is advantageously provided that the lid controls the opening and closing of the valve.

Le clapet peut comporter une tige et un obturateur, ledit obturateur étant destiné à coopérer de manière étanche avec un siège bordant un passage de communication entre la chambre fermée et l'espace intérieur de l'enveloppe, ladite tige étant apte à être déplacée par le couvercle pour commander l'ouverture et la fermeture du clapet. La commande est donc très simple et robuste.The valve may comprise a rod and a shutter, said shutter being intended to cooperate sealingly with a seat bordering a communication passage between the closed chamber and the interior space of the envelope, said rod being able to be displaced by the lid to control the opening and closing of the valve. The order is very simple and robust.

Le dispositif de contrôle comporte, par exemple des vis reliant le couvercle au corps et permettant un coulissement dudit couvercle sur une course déterminée.The control device comprises, for example screws connecting the cover to the body and allowing said cover to slide on a determined stroke.

La présente invention a également pour objet un appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique étanche remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression comportant au moins un dispositif de contrôle selon la présente invention et un densimètre apte à mesurer la pression dans la chambre du dispositif de contrôle.The present invention also relates to a medium and high voltage electrical apparatus in a sealed metal envelope filled with dielectric gas under pressure comprising at least one control device according to the present invention and a densimeter capable of measuring the pressure in the chamber of the control device. .

La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un densimètre pour appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes :

  • d'isolement du densimètre dans une chambre fermée,
  • d'expansion du volume de ladite chambre fermée jusqu'à atteindre un seuil de pression prédéterminée au sein de ladite chambre,
  • de vérification du comportement du densimètre.
The subject of the present invention is also a method for controlling the operation of a densimeter for a medium and high voltage electrical apparatus under a metal envelope filled with dielectric gas under pressure, said method comprising the steps of:
  • isolation of the densimeter in a closed chamber,
  • expanding the volume of said closed chamber until a predetermined pressure threshold is reached within said chamber,
  • verification of the behavior of the densimeter.

L'isolement du densimètre est avantageusement provoqué par l'expansion du volume de la chambre.The isolation of the densimeter is advantageously caused by the expansion of the volume of the chamber.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, l'étape de vérification du comportement du densimètre prévoit la détection d'un basculement de contacts d'alarme et d'une ouverture du disjoncteur.In an exemplary embodiment, the step of verifying the behavior of the densimeter provides for the detection of a switch of alarm contacts and an opening of the circuit breaker.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre et des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un dispositif de contrôle selon la présente invention dans un état de surveillance normal,
  • la figure 2 est le dispositif de contrôle de la figure 1 dans un état de vérification du fonctionnement du densimètre,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe schématique du dispositif de contrôle selon la présente invention muni de moyens pour vérifier la valeur de pression à laquelle le densimètre réagit.
The present invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows and the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a control device according to the present invention in a normal monitoring state,
  • FIG. 2 is the control device of FIG. 1 in a state of verification of the operation of the densimeter,
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the control device according to the present invention provided with means for checking the pressure value at which the densimeter reacts.

EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERSDETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

Sur la figure 1, on peut voir une vue en coupe schématique d'un exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un densimètre selon la présente invention monté sur une enveloppe métallique 4 d'un disjoncteur ou d'un appareil électrique haute tension.FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a device for controlling the operation of a densimeter according to the present invention mounted on a metal casing 4 of a circuit breaker or apparatus. electric high voltage.

L'enveloppe délimite un espace intérieur 5 rempli d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, par exemple de l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6) sous une pression de gaz de 7 Bar effectifs à 20 °C.The envelope defines an interior space 5 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) at a gas pressure of 7 bar effective at 20 ° C.

Le dispositif de contrôle comporte un boîtier 6 solidaire de l'enveloppe 4. Dans l'exemple représenté, celui-ci est d'une seule pièce avec l'enveloppe 4, ce qui permet d'éviter les problèmes d'étanchéité entre le boîtier et l'enveloppe 4.The control device comprises a housing 6 integral with the casing 4. In the example shown, it is in one piece with the casing 4, which makes it possible to avoid sealing problems between the casing and the envelope 4.

Le boîtier 6 délimite une chambre intérieure 8 apte à être mise en communication avec l'espace intérieur 5 de l'enveloppe 4 par un canal 9.The housing 6 delimits an interior chamber 8 adapted to be placed in communication with the interior space 5 of the envelope 4 by a channel 9.

Ainsi, lorsque la chambre 8 est en communication avec l'espace 5, la pression régnant dans la chambre 8 est égale à celle régnant dans l'espace 5.Thus, when the chamber 8 is in communication with the space 5, the pressure in the chamber 8 is equal to that prevailing in the space 5.

Un densimètre 2 est, dans l'exemple représenté, monté de manière étanche sur le boîtier 4 et destiné à mesurer la pression de SF6 dans la chambre 8.A densimeter 2 is, in the example shown, mounted in a sealed manner on the housing 4 and intended to measure the pressure of SF6 in the chamber 8.

Le densimètre est apte à détecter au moins un seuil de pression, avantageusement deux seuils de pression ; un premier seuil P1 correspondant à un seuil d'alarme correspondant à la nécessité d'intervenir sur le densimètre, et un deuxième seuil P2 correspondant au cas où le fonctionnement de l'appareillage électrique n'est plus garanti, en particulier la coupure du courant lors d'un défaut en court-circuit. Dans ce dernier cas, l'appareil est soit ouvert et verrouillé dans cette position, soit verrouillé en position fermée.The densimeter is capable of detecting at least one pressure threshold, advantageously two pressure thresholds; a first threshold P1 corresponding to an alarm threshold corresponding to the need to intervene on the densimeter, and a second threshold P2 corresponding to the case where the operation of the electrical equipment is no longer guaranteed, in particular the power failure during a fault in short circuit. In the latter case, the device is either opened and locked in this position, or locked in the closed position.

Le densimètre 2 est relié à une unité de traitement (non représentée) apte à indiquer aux utilisateurs l'état de l'appareillage électrique.The densimeter 2 is connected to a processing unit (not shown) able to indicate to the users the state of the electrical equipment.

Selon la présente invention la chambre 8 a un volume apte à varier.According to the present invention the chamber 8 has a volume able to vary.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le boîtier 6 comporte une partie supérieure 12 formant un couvercle et un corps 14 sur lequel est monté de manière étanche le couvercle 12. Le couvercle 12 est apte à se déplacer de manière étanche par rapport au corps de manière à modifier le volume de la chambre 8.In the example shown, the housing 6 comprises an upper portion 12 forming a lid and a body 14 on which is mounted in a sealed manner the lid 12. The lid 12 is able to move in a sealed manner with respect to the body so as to modify the volume of the chamber 8.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le couvercle 12 comporte une partie de plus petit diamètre 12.1 et une partie de plus grand diamètre 12.2 formant embase, la partie de plus petit diamètre 12.1 étant montée coulissante dans le corps 14.In the example shown, the cover 12 has a smaller diameter portion 12.1 and a larger diameter portion 12.2 forming a base, the smaller diameter portion 12.1 being slidably mounted in the body 14.

Des moyens d'étanchéité dynamique 16 sont prévus entre le couvercle 12 et le corps 14 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité par frottement lors du déplacement du couvercle dans le corps 14. Ceux-ci sont par exemple montés dans une gorge pratiquée sur une périphérie extérieure de la partie de plus petit diamètre 12.1. Les moyens d'étanchéité sont par exemple un joint torique ou un joint à lèvreDynamic sealing means 16 are provided between the cover 12 and the body 14 in order to ensure frictional sealing during the displacement of the cover in the body 14. These are for example mounted in a groove on a periphery outside of the smaller diameter part 12.1. The sealing means are for example an O-ring or a lip seal

L'embase 12.2 est destinée à venir en appui contre une extrémité libre 14.1 du corps 14.The base 12.2 is intended to bear against a free end 14.1 of the body 14.

Le dispositif de contrôle comporte également un moyen 10 pour isoler de manière étanche la chambre 8 du volume 5.The control device also comprises a means 10 for sealingly isolating the chamber 8 from the volume 5.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le moyen 10 est formé par un clapet comportant un obturateur 18 et un siège 20 bordant le canal 9.In the example shown, the means 10 is formed by a valve comprising a shutter 18 and a seat 20 bordering the channel 9.

De manière avantageuse, l'obturateur 18 est rappelé élastiquement en contact avec le siège 20 pour obturer le canal 9, par exemple au moyen d'un ressort hélicoïdal 25.Advantageously, the shutter 18 is resiliently urged into contact with the seat 20 to close the channel 9, for example by means of a helical spring 25.

De manière avantageuse, l'ouverture et la fermeture de clapet sont commandées directement par le déplacement du couvercle 12. Le clapet comporte une queue de clapet 22 solidaire de l'obturateur 18, montée dans le canal 9 et faisant saillie dans la chambre 8.Advantageously, the opening and closing of the valve are controlled directly by the displacement of the cover 12. The valve comprises a valve stem 22 integral with the shutter 18, mounted in the channel 9 and projecting into the chamber 8.

Une extrémité libre 22.1 de la queue de clapet 22 est apte à venir en contact avec le couvercle 12 et à être déplacée dans le sens d'ouverture du clapet indiqué par la flèche F par le couvercle 12.A free end 22.1 of the valve stem 22 is adapted to come into contact with the cover 12 and to be moved in the opening direction of the valve indicated by the arrow F by the cover 12.

Le ressort 25 est monté en réaction entre une extrémité 9.1 du canal 9 opposée à celle portant le siège de clapet 20 et l'extrémité libre 22.1 de la queue de clapet 22.The spring 25 is mounted in reaction between an end 9.1 of the channel 9 opposite that carrying the valve seat 20 and the free end 22.1 of the valve stem 22.

Cette réalisation présente l'avantage d'être simple et robuste ; il n'est alors pas nécessaire de prévoir une commande externe, encombrante et soumise aux intempéries. Par ailleurs la commande du clapet s'effectue sans nécessité d'éléments extérieurs supplémentaires.This embodiment has the advantage of being simple and robust; it is not necessary to provide an external control, bulky and weathered. In addition, the control of the valve is effected without the need for additional external elements.

Cependant une électrovanne commandée à partir de l'extérieur du boîtier 6, pour isoler la chambre 8 et l'espace 5, ne sort pas du cadre de la présente invention.However a solenoid valve controlled from the outside of the housing 6, to isolate the chamber 8 and the space 5, is not beyond the scope of the present invention.

Dans l'exemple représenté, un deuxième canal 26 est prévu dans le couvercle 12 pour amener le gaz sous pression jusqu'au densimètre. Mais on peut prévoir que le densimètre débouche directement dans la chambre 8.In the example shown, a second channel 26 is provided in the cover 12 to bring the gas under pressure to the densimeter. But it can be expected that the densimeter opens directly into the chamber 8.

Le couvercle 12 est fixé sur le corps 14 par exemple au moyen de vis non représentées, par exemple quatre. Lorsque celles-ci sont serrées, le dispositif de contrôle est dans la configuration de la figure 1, le volume de la chambre 8 est minimum. Lorsque les vis sont dans un état complètement desserré le volume de la chambre 8 est maximum.The lid 12 is fixed on the body 14 for example by means of screws not shown, for example four. When they are tight, the control device is in the configuration of Figure 1, the volume of the chamber 8 is minimum. When the screws are in a completely loose state the volume of the chamber 8 is maximum.

Les moyens de solidarisation 24 du couvercle 12 sur le corps 14 sont également prévus. Ces moyens forment également des moyens de guidage permettant un déplacement du couvercle par rapport au corps suivant une course donnée afin d'éviter une perte d'étanchéité entre le couvercle 12 et le corps 14.The securing means 24 of the cover 12 on the body 14 are also provided. These means also form guiding means for moving the cover relative to the body in a given stroke in order to avoid a loss of seal between the cover 12 and the body 14.

Les moyens de solidarisation 14 sont par exemple formés par des vis montées de manière imperdable sur le corps 4.The securing means 14 are for example formed by screws mounted captively on the body 4.

Tout autre système, par exemple un couvercle fileté avec un corps taraudé est envisageable pour déplacer le couvercle dans le corps sur une course donnée. Mais quelque soit le système prévu, celui est manoeuvrable alors que la pression interne génère un effort antagoniste.Any other system, for example a threaded cover with a threaded body is conceivable to move the cover in the body on a given stroke. But whatever the system, it is manoeuvrable while the internal pressure generates an antagonistic effort.

Nous allons maintenant expliquer le fonctionnement du dispositif de contrôle selon la présente invention.We will now explain the operation of the control device according to the present invention.

En état de surveillance normal représenté sur la figure 1, la chambre 8 est en communication avec l'espace 5. Le densimètre mesure alors la pression régnant dans la chambre 8 et donc dans l'espace 5.In the normal monitoring state shown in FIG. 1, the chamber 8 is in communication with the space 5. The densimeter then measures the pressure prevailing in the chamber 8 and therefore in the space 5.

Si la pression de gaz devient inférieure au seuil de pression déterminé P2, des contacts d'alarme basculent et le disjoncteur s'ouvre.If the gas pressure falls below the set pressure threshold P2, alarm contacts switch and the circuit breaker opens.

Lorsque que l'on souhaite contrôler le fonctionnement du densimètre :When it is desired to control the operation of the densimeter:

Les vis sont progressivement dévissées. Dans un premier temps, le couvercle 12 s'éloigne du corps, provoquant un rapprochement de l'obturateur 18 en direction du siège 20, jusqu'à ce que celui-ci vienne en contact étanche du siège 20 et isole la chambre 8 de l'espace 5. Puis dans un deuxième temps, le dévissage des vis est poursuivi pour provoquer une augmentation supplémentaire du volume de la chambre 8. Le couvercle fonctionne comme un piston.The screws are gradually unscrewed. At first, the cover 12 moves away from body, bringing the shutter 18 closer to the seat 20, until the latter comes into sealed contact with the seat 20 and isolates the chamber 8 from the space 5. Then, in a second step, the unscrewing screws are continued to cause an additional increase in the volume of the chamber 8. The lid functions as a piston.

Selon la loi de Boyle Mariotte, le volume d'une masse de gaz est inversement proportionnel à la pression, à température constante.According to the law of Boyle Mariotte, the volume of a mass of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure, at constant temperature.

Si le densimètre fonctionne correctement, les contacts d'alarme basculent et le disjoncteur s'ouvre. Dans le cas contraire, le densimètre nécessite une intervention.If the densimeter is functioning properly, the alarm contacts switch and the circuit breaker opens. In the opposite case, the densimeter requires an intervention.

Le volume initial de la chambre 8 et sa variation de volume sont déterminés pour que la pression régnant dans la chambre 8, lorsque que son volume est maximum, soit inférieure à au deuxième seuil de pression P2 du disjoncteur. On peut également prévoir que la pression dans la chambre corresponde au premier seuil P1. Dans ce cas, on vérifie uniquement le fonctionnement de l'alarme et non le basculement des contacts.The initial volume of the chamber 8 and its volume variation are determined so that the pressure in the chamber 8, when its volume is maximum, is less than the second pressure threshold P2 of the circuit breaker. It is also possible that the pressure in the chamber corresponds to the first threshold P1. In this case, it only checks the operation of the alarm and not the switching of the contacts.

On peut également prévoir de vérifier le fonctionnement du densimètre aux différents seuils.It is also possible to check the operation of the densimeter at the different thresholds.

Lorsque le contrôle montre que le densimètre fonctionne correctement, les vis sont resserrées, provoquant en premier temps la réduction du volume de la chambre 8 isolée de l'espace 5, puis dans un deuxième temps, en fin de course du couvercle 12, l'ouverture du clapet. Le densimètre est à nouveau en configuration de surveillance du volume 5.When the control shows that the densimeter is working properly, the screws are tightened, initially causing the reduction of the volume of the chamber 8 isolated from the space 5, then in a second step, at the end of the stroke of the cover 12, the opening of the flap. The densimeter is again in volume monitoring configuration 5.

Le densimètre a ainsi été contrôlé sans dégager de gaz à effet de serre dans l'environnement extérieur. De plus, grâce à la présente invention, aucune masse de gaz n'est prélevée dans l'enveloppe. Ainsi la baisse de pression est due uniquement aux fuites inévitables, et non du fait des tests.The densimeter was thus controlled without releasing greenhouse gases in the external environment. In addition, thanks to the present invention, no mass of gas is taken from the envelope. Thus the pressure drop is due only to the unavoidable leaks, and not because of the tests.

On peut également prévoir de vérifier le fonctionnement du densimètre lorsque la pression dans la chambre 8 augmente.It is also possible to check the operation of the densimeter when the pressure in the chamber 8 increases.

A titre d'exemple, la pression de remplissage est à 7 Bars effectifs, le seuil d'alarme P1 à 6 Bars et le seuil P2 à 5,7 Bars.By way of example, the filling pressure is at 7 effective bars, the alarm threshold P1 at 6 bars and the threshold P2 at 5.7 bars.

Si un basculement des seuils est souhaité pour un seuil P2 de 5 Bars, la variation du volume V1 un fois la valve 18 fermée doit augmenter de plus de 30%If a switchover of the thresholds is desired for a threshold P2 of 5 Bars, the variation of the volume V1 once the valve 18 closed must increase by more than 30%

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'augmentation du volume de la chambre 8 s'effectue manuellement. Mais il peut être prévu des mécanismes commandés par un moteur électrique et/ou par des vérins hydrauliques.In the example shown, the increase in the volume of the chamber 8 is done manually. But it can be provided mechanisms controlled by an electric motor and / or hydraulic cylinders.

Sur la figure 3, le dispositif de contrôle selon la présente invention comportant des moyens pour mesurer la pression régnant dans la chambre 8 pour vérifier à quelle valeur de pression se déclenche effectivement le densimètre. Dans l'exemple représenté, ces moyens comportent un canal 28 réalisé dans le couvercle 12, celui-ci débouche dans le canal du densimètre et à l'extérieur. Un clapet anti-retour est monté dans le canal 28 au niveau de son extrémité débouchant vers l'extérieur pour permettre le raccordement à un manomètre de référence ou manomètre étalon ou tout autre système de référence classique ou électronique (non représenté). Le manomètre étalon est connecté à la chambre 8 avant de faire varier son volume.In FIG. 3, the control device according to the present invention comprises means for measuring the pressure prevailing in the chamber 8 in order to verify at which pressure value the density meter is actually triggered. In the example shown, these means comprise a channel 28 formed in the cover 12, which opens into the hydrometer channel and outside. A non-return valve is mounted in the channel 28 at its end opening outward to allow connection to a reference pressure gauge or standard gauge or other conventional or electronic reference system (not shown). The standard manometer is connected to the chamber 8 before changing its volume.

Le procédé de contrôle décrit ci-dessus en référence au dispositif de contrôle représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 est alors ensuite effectué. Lorsque la pression chute dans la chambre 8, la valeur de pression obtenue est validée par le manomètre étalon. Ceci est particulièrement intéressant dans le cas particulier, où le densimètre n'est pas pourvu d'un afficheur de pression, afin de vérifier que la pression de déclenchement est effectivement le seuil souhaité.The control method described above with reference to the control device shown in Figures 1 and 2 is then performed. When the pressure drops in the chamber 8, the pressure value obtained is validated by the standard gauge. This is particularly interesting in the particular case, where the density meter is not provided with a pressure display, to verify that the trigger pressure is indeed the desired threshold.

Le densimètre selon la présente invention présente l'avantage d'être de construction et de fonctionnement très simples.The densimeter according to the present invention has the advantage of being of very simple construction and operation.

Claims (11)

Dispositif de contrôle de fonctionnement d'un densimètre pour appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique (4) remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression, comportant une chambre fermée (8) apte à être mise en communication avec un espace intérieur (5) de l'enveloppe (8), des moyens (10) pour isoler de manière étanche au gaz la chambre (8) de l'espace intérieur (5), dans lequel ladite chambre fermée (8) est à volume variable, et dans lequel le densimètre est apte à détecter au moins un seuil de pression dans ladite chambre.Device for controlling the operation of a densimeter for a medium and high voltage metal-enclosed electrical apparatus (4) filled with dielectric gas under pressure, comprising a closed chamber (8) able to be placed in communication with an interior space (5) of the casing (8), means (10) for gas-tight insulating the chamber (8) of the interior space (5), wherein said closed chamber (8) is of variable volume, and wherein the hydrometer is capable of detecting at least one pressure threshold in said chamber. Dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 1, comportant un corps (14) solidaire de l'enveloppe (4) et un couvercle (12), ledit corps (14) et ledit couvercle (12) délimitant la chambre fermée (8), ledit couvercle (12) étant apte à coulisser de manière étanche dans le corps (14) pour modifier le volume de la chambre fermée (8).Control device according to claim 1, comprising a body (14) integral with the casing (4) and a cover (12), said body (14) and said cover (12) delimiting the closed chamber (8), said cover (12) being able to slide tightly in the body (14) to change the volume of the closed chamber (8). Dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 2, comportant des vis reliant le couvercle (12) au corps (14) et permettant un coulissement dudit couvercle (12) sur une course déterminée.Control device according to claim 2, comprising screws connecting the cover (12) to the body (14) and allowing said cover (12) to slide on a determined stroke. Dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel les moyens d'isolement (10) comportent un clapet dont l'ouverture et la fermeture sont commandées par la modification du volume de la chambre fermée (8).Control device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the means insulation (10) comprises a valve whose opening and closing are controlled by changing the volume of the closed chamber (8). Dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 4 en combinaison avec la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel ledit couvercle (12) commande l'ouverture et la fermeture du clapet (10).Control device according to claim 4 in combination with claim 2 or 3, wherein said cover (12) controls the opening and closing of the valve (10). Dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le clapet comporte une tige (22) et un obturateur (18), ledit obturateur étant destiné à coopérer de manière étanche avec un siège (20) bordant un passage (9) de communication entre la chambre fermée (8) et l'espace intérieur (5) de l'enveloppe (4), ladite tige (22) étant apte à être déplacée par le couvercle (12) pour commander l'ouverture et la fermeture du clapet (10).Control device according to claim 5, wherein the valve comprises a rod (22) and a shutter (18), said shutter being intended to cooperate sealingly with a seat (20) bordering a passage (9) of communication between the closed chamber (8) and the interior space (5) of the envelope (4), said rod (22) being able to be displaced by the cover (12) to control the opening and closing of the valve (10) . Dispositif de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comportant des moyens pour mesurer la pression dans la chambre (8) simultanément au densimètre.Control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising means for measuring the pressure in the chamber (8) simultaneously with the densimeter. Appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique (4) étanche remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression comportant au moins un dispositif de contrôle selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 et un densimètre apte à mesurer au moins un seuil de pression de gaz dans ladite chambre du dispositif de contrôle.Medium and high voltage electrical apparatus in a sealed metal shell (4) filled with dielectric gas under pressure comprising at least one control device according to one of claims 1 to 6 and a hydrometer capable of measuring at least one gas pressure threshold in said chamber of the control device. Procédé de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un densimètre pour appareil électrique moyenne et haute tension sous enveloppe métallique remplie de gaz diélectrique sous pression, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes: - d'isolement du densimètre dans une chambre fermée, - d'expansion du volume de ladite chambre fermée jusqu'à atteindre un seuil de pression prédéterminée au sein de ladite chambre, - de vérification du comportement du densimètre. A method of controlling the operation of a densimeter for a medium and high voltage electrical apparatus under a metal shell filled with dielectric gas under pressure, said method comprising the steps of: - isolation of the densimeter in a closed chamber, expanding the volume of said closed chamber until a predetermined pressure threshold is reached within said chamber, - Verification of the behavior of the densimeter. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'isolement du densimètre est obtenu par l'expansion du volume de la chambre.A control method according to claim 9, wherein the isolation of the densimeter is achieved by expanding the volume of the chamber. Procédé de contrôle selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel l'étape de vérification du comportement du densimètre prévoit la détection d'un basculement de contacts d'alarme et d'une ouverture du disjoncteur.A control method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the step of verifying the behavior of the densimeter provides for the detection of a switch of alarm contacts and an opening of the circuit breaker.
EP07117218A 2006-09-28 2007-09-26 Device for checking the operation of a densitometer for medium- and high-voltage electrical devices and method for checking the operation of a densitometer Active EP1906424B1 (en)

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US7937985B2 (en) 2011-05-10
ATE525737T1 (en) 2011-10-15
US20080078237A1 (en) 2008-04-03
EP1906424B1 (en) 2011-09-21
FR2906653B1 (en) 2008-12-19
CN101246107A (en) 2008-08-20
FR2906653A1 (en) 2008-04-04

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