EP0290320A1 - Hydraulic actuator with a piston position control system - Google Patents

Hydraulic actuator with a piston position control system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0290320A1
EP0290320A1 EP88401029A EP88401029A EP0290320A1 EP 0290320 A1 EP0290320 A1 EP 0290320A1 EP 88401029 A EP88401029 A EP 88401029A EP 88401029 A EP88401029 A EP 88401029A EP 0290320 A1 EP0290320 A1 EP 0290320A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
sensors
jack
passage
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Granted
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EP88401029A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0290320B1 (en
Inventor
Claude Alain Gratzmuller
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT88401029T priority Critical patent/ATE54726T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2807—Position switches, i.e. means for sensing of discrete positions only, e.g. limit switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
    • F15B15/2861—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT using magnetic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder with a piston position control system.
  • an "image cylinder” is used on the electrical circuit breaker controls, that is to say a small auxiliary control cylinder which is supplied or purged like the main cylinder and which is therefore supposed to reproduce the maneuvers of the main cylinder, and consequently, the movements of the member actuated by the cylinder, that is to say the movable contact of the circuit breaker.
  • this "image cylinder” also has the function of controlling certain automatic safety operations of the circuit breaker. It must therefore be very safe to operate, which means that its manufacture is delicate and therefore costly, to avoid the risk of a false indication. On the other hand, it has the drawback of requiring an additional hydraulic circuit, which can be a source of hydraulic fluid leaks.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks and insufficiency of the control systems used up to now, such as, in particular, the "image cylinders”.
  • the present invention makes it possible to produce a control system which detects the position of the piston itself during its stroke in the jack, the position detection being able to be made not only at the two end positions, but also in a plurality of intermediate positions.
  • the present invention applies to a differential hydraulic cylinder of this type.
  • the subject of the invention is a cylinder of the aforementioned type characterized: in that a plurality of through holes are drilled in the wall of the cylinder of the cylinder, over the extent of the piston stroke; in that a displacement sensor is arranged in each of said orifices, with its detection member facing the interior of the cylinder so as to be influenced by the passage of the piston; and in that a tight closure is provided between the sensor and the exterior surface of the cylinder to restore the integrity of the tightness of the cylinder at high pressure.
  • Proximity sensors in particular inductive sensors, are preferably used, which are influenced by the passage of the metal piston opposite the orifice in which the sensor is housed.
  • the sensors themselves are subjected to the high pressure (300 to 400 bar) prevailing in the cylinder of the cylinder, but there are types of sensor designed to operate in high pressure environments, for example 500 bar.
  • Inductive sensors have a built-in electrical switch which provides an analog output signal on the output cables which can be amplified and processed before being applied to control instruments which indicate the position of the piston in the cylinder and, by Consequently, the position of the actuated member, in particular the movable contact of a circuit breaker.
  • the jack represented in FIG. 1 is of the type described in the aforementioned patent application and it comprises a cylinder 2 preferably in the form of a casting, a piston 4 devoid of seal, a piston rod 6 which is coupled to the movable contact of a circuit breaker (not shown) and a valve device 8 for closing the intake / bleed orifice 10 of the jack in the low end position (position shown on the right half of the figure) of the piston 4.
  • the actuator also comprises a end-of-travel damping system in which the closing valve is constituted by a floating ring 8 which has two sealing lips 12-12 ′ and whose central bore 14 cooperates with a damping pin 16 carried by the piston 6.
  • the closing valve is constituted by a floating ring 8 which has two sealing lips 12-12 ′ and whose central bore 14 cooperates with a damping pin 16 carried by the piston 6.
  • the annular chamber 18 of the actuator (above the piston 6) is permanently connected to the high pressure source constituted by an oleopneumatic accumulator 20.
  • the main chamber 22 of the cylinder (below the piston 6) is selectively connected, by a 3-way valve 24, or to the high pressure (by the line 26 and by a transfer line 28, which preferably came from the foundry with the cylinder 2 of the cylinder), or to the purge to a low pressure tank 30.
  • a 3-way valve 24 or to the high pressure (by the line 26 and by a transfer line 28, which preferably came from the foundry with the cylinder 2 of the cylinder), or to the purge to a low pressure tank 30.
  • a plurality of through holes 34 are drilled in the wall 32 of the cylinder 2 at several levels on the stroke of the piston.
  • FIG. 1 only three orifices have been represented, one at each end of the piston stroke and an intermediate, but, of course, if we want a greater number of detection points for the passage position of the piston it is possible to pierce more than three orifices, on the same generator of the cylinder or, preferably on different generators.
  • a proximity sensor 36 is housed whose detection face 38 (see FIG. 2) is flush with the interior surface 40 of the cylinder 2. Sealing means, such as seals 42-42 ′ ensure the closure tight of the orifices 34 at the high pressure prevailing in the cylinder of the jack, after the installation of the sensors 36 in their housing.
  • FIG. 1 shows only two of the orifices 34 fitted with their sensor 36, the mounting of a sensor in its housing being shown in more detail in the sectional view of FIG. 2.
  • each sensor is via a two-wire cable 44, all these cables arriving at means 46 for controlling and / or recording and / or displaying the movements of the piston 6 and, optionally, the speed curves .
  • inductive sensors with micro-switch intended to operate in a high pressure environment, such as those marketed by the company HONEYWELL CONTROL SYSTEMS LTD under the reference series 921, 922, 926 which can operate under a pressure of 500 bar.
  • sensors could be used, for example capacitive or, again, mechanical.
  • the detection system according to the invention has the advantage that it is directly integrated into the jack itself and that it does not require any mounting or connection on site other than the connection of the sensor output cables to the control.
  • the detection system by means of its control apparatus 46, indicates the open or closed position of the circuit breaker, ensures safety interlocks with the other devices associated with the circuit breaker (for example disconnectors) , and prohibits the "pumping" phenomena of the circuit breaker in the event of tripping on latching (closing on short-circuit) if the closing order is maintained.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to carry out various measurements which were not possible with an image jack, as we have seen in the foregoing, or even with mechanical connections or linkages taken directly on the mobile member actuated by the jack. In fact, due to the length and the play in these mechanical connections, the measurements were completely imprecise, if only as a result of the forces and elastic deformations appearing in these mechanical connections during the operations of the circuit breakers which are very brutal.

Abstract

1. A differential hydraulic jack, in particular for the control of high-voltage electric circuit-breakers, of the type in which the jack piston (4) is unprovided with any packing ring forming a seal with the internal surface of the jack cylinder (2), characterized in that the wall (32) of the cylinder (2) is pierced by a plurality of through-bores (34) extending in spaced relation over a distance corresponding to the range of travel of the piston (4) ; a displacement detector (36) is housed within each through-bore (34) aforesaid with its sensitive detection element (38) directed toward the interior of the cylinder (2) in order to be influenced by the passage of the piston (4) opposite to the corresponding through-bore (34) ; sealing means (42-42') are provided between each detector and the cylinder wall (32) in order to ensure integrity of leak-tightness of the cylinder at the high pressure with prevails within said cylinder ; and the output leads (44) of the detectors are connected to an equipment (46) unit for checking the position of the piston (4) within the cylinder (2).

Description

La présente invention concerne un vérin hydraulique avec système de contrôle de la position du piston.The present invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder with a piston position control system.

Dans de nombreuses applications des commandes hydrauliques à vérin, on a besoin de connaître la position de l'organe actionné par le vérin et on utilise généralement pour cela des contacts, dits contacts de fin de course ou contacts de passage, influencés par l'organe lui-même ou un autre organe qui y est lié, par exemple la tige sortante du piston.In many applications of hydraulic actuators with a jack, it is necessary to know the position of the member actuated by the jack and for this purpose contacts, known as limit switches or passage contacts, generally influenced by the member, are used. itself or another member linked to it, for example the rod coming out of the piston.

Mais pour certaines applications particulières, par exemple la commande hydraulique des disjoncteurs électriques, à haute tension, il est très malcommode et souvent impossible (à cause de la mise sous tension de certains organes en déplacement) d'installer des détecteurs de fin de course ou équivalents à proximité immédiate des organes actionnés par le vérin.But for certain particular applications, for example the hydraulic control of electric circuit breakers, at high voltage, it is very inconvenient and often impossible (because of the energization of certain moving parts) to install limit switches or equivalent in the immediate vicinity of the components actuated by the jack.

C'est pourquoi, pour éviter des liaisons mécaniques de grande longueur et peu fiables, on utilise, sur les commandes de disjoncteur électrique, un "vérin image", c'est-à-dire un petit vérin auxiliaire de contrôle qui est alimenté ou mis à la purge comme le vérin principal et qui est donc censé reproduire les manoeuvres du vérin principal, et par conséquent, les déplacements de l'organe actionné par le vérin, c'est-à-dire le contact mobile du disjoncteur.This is why, in order to avoid long and unreliable mechanical connections, an "image cylinder" is used on the electrical circuit breaker controls, that is to say a small auxiliary control cylinder which is supplied or purged like the main cylinder and which is therefore supposed to reproduce the maneuvers of the main cylinder, and consequently, the movements of the member actuated by the cylinder, that is to say the movable contact of the circuit breaker.

Mis à part son rôle principal, qui consiste à indiquer la position ouverte ou fermée du disjoncteur, ce "vérin image" a encore pour fonctions de commander certaines manoeuvres automatiques de sécurité du disjoncteur. Il doit donc être d'un fonctionnement très sûr, ce qui fait que sa fabrication est délicate donc coûteuse, pour éviter le risque d'une fausse indication. Il présente, d'autre part, l'inconvénient de nécessiter un circuit hydraulique supplémentaire, ce qui peut être une source de fuites de fluide hydraulique.Aside from its main role, which consists in indicating the open or closed position of the circuit breaker, this "image cylinder" also has the function of controlling certain automatic safety operations of the circuit breaker. It must therefore be very safe to operate, which means that its manufacture is delicate and therefore costly, to avoid the risk of a false indication. On the other hand, it has the drawback of requiring an additional hydraulic circuit, which can be a source of hydraulic fluid leaks.

Par ailleurs, dans les commandes de disjoncteurs modernes, on voudrait pouvoir contrôler les délais de réponse et de manoeuvre réels en service du contact mobile du disjoncteur. On sait que les temps de manoeuvre sont très brefs et de l'ordre de quelques centièmes de seconde. Ces temps sont contrôlés au moment de la réception du matériel, mais une fois mis en service il n'est plus possible de vérifier si les performances initiales sont bien conservées. Il serait, d'autre part, très important de pouvoir vérifier que ces temps de manoeuvre sont bien constants et reproductibles, ceci en particulier dans le cas des disjoncteurs à plusieurs pôles en série dans lesquelles les manoeuvres doivent être absolument simultanées. Enfin, les électrotechniciens tiennent compte du temps de sortie du contact mobile par rapport au contact fixe, temps qui n'est évidemment qu'une fraction du temps total de déplacement du contact mobile et veulent connaître les courbes de vitesses du contact mobile.In addition, in modern circuit breaker controls, we would like to be able to control the actual response and operating times in service of the circuit breaker's mobile contact. We know that the maneuver times are very short and of the order of a few hundredths of a second. These times are checked when the equipment is received, but once it has been put into service, it is no longer possible to check whether the initial performance is well preserved. On the other hand, it would be very important to be able to verify that these operating times are indeed constant and reproducible, this in particular in the case of circuit breakers with several poles in series in which the operations must be absolutely simultaneous. Finally, the electrical technicians take into account the time of exit of the mobile contact compared to the fixed contact, time which is obviously only a fraction of the total time of movement of the mobile contact and want to know the speed curves of the mobile contact.

Bien entendu, un "vérin image", qui n'a aucunement la même inertie que le vérin principal et les organes mobiles qu'il actionne, ne peut donner aucune indication valable sur les différentes caractéristiques de fonctionnement en service.Of course, an "image cylinder", which has by no means the same inertia as the main cylinder and the movable members that it operates, cannot give any valid indication of the various operating characteristics in service.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients et insuffisance des systèmes de contrôle utilisés jusqu'a présent, tels que, notamment, les "vérins images".The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks and insufficiency of the control systems used up to now, such as, in particular, the "image cylinders".

La présente invention permet de réaliser un système de contrôle qui détecte la position du piston lui-même au cours de sa course dans le vérin, la détection de position pouvant être faite non seulement aux deux positions de fin de course, mais également dans une pluralité de positions intermédiaires.The present invention makes it possible to produce a control system which detects the position of the piston itself during its stroke in the jack, the position detection being able to be made not only at the two end positions, but also in a plurality of intermediate positions.

Jusqu'à présent, il n'a pas été possible de loger des capteurs de position du piston dans un cylindre de vérin, à proximité immédiate du passage du piston. En effet, les vérins classiques, pour commandes de disjoncteurs, fonctionnent à une pression très élevée, de l'ordre de 300 à 400 bar, ce qui nécessite une étanchéité parfaite du piston dans le cylindre. Le piston comporte une garniture d'étanchéité d'un type très élaboré, le plus souvent une garniture composite dite "à ressort", et la surface intérieure du cylindre est parfaitement rectifiée et rodée pour ne pas user ou détériorer la garniture. Il n'est bien entendu pas possible de mettre en place dans l'épaisseur de la paroi du cylindre un ou plusieurs détecteurs de proximité du piston, car les irrégularités qui en résulteraient dans la surface du cylindre détruiraient la garniture.Until now, it has not been possible to accommodate piston position sensors in a cylinder, in the immediate vicinity of the passage of the piston. Indeed, conventional cylinders, for circuit breaker controls, operate at a very high pressure, of the order of 300 to 400 bar, which requires perfect sealing of the piston in the cylinder. The piston has a seal of a very elaborate type, most often a composite seal called "spring", and the inner surface of the cylinder is perfectly ground and lapped so as not to wear or damage the seal. It is of course not possible to place one or more detectors close to the piston in the thickness of the wall of the cylinder, because the irregularities which would result therefrom in the surface of the cylinder would destroy the lining.

Mais le présent inventeur a trouvé récemment qu'il était possible de construire des vérins différentiels, notamment pour la commande de disjoncteurs, dans lesquels le piston est dépourvu de garniture étanche et dans lesquels le piston actionne ou porte un clapet étanche qui ferme la chambre principale du vérin en fin de course du piston. La fuite qui existe autour du piston, du fait de l'absence de garniture d'étanchéité sur le piston, ne peut donc pas gagner le volume du cylindre situé en dessous du piston, lorsque celui-ci a atteint sa fin de course.However, the present inventor has recently found that it is possible to build differential cylinders, in particular for the control of circuit breakers, in which the piston does not have a tight seal and in which the piston actuates or carries a sealed valve which closes the main chamber of the jack at the end of the piston stroke. The leak which exists around the piston, due to the absence of a seal on the piston, cannot therefore gain the volume of the cylinder situated below the piston, when the latter has reached its end of travel.

Un tel vérin différentiel, avec piston dépourvu de garniture d'étanchéité, a été décrit dans la demande de brevet français N° 87.04.134 déposée le 25 mars 1987 au nom du même inventeur.Such a differential cylinder, with piston devoid of seal, was described in French patent application No. 87.04.134 filed March 25, 1987 in the name of the same inventor.

La présente invention s'applique à un vérin hydraulique différentiel de ce type.The present invention applies to a differential hydraulic cylinder of this type.

L'invention a pour objet un vérin du type précité caractérisé : en ce qu'une pluralité d'orifices traversants sont percés dans la paroi du cylindre du vérin, sur l'étendue de la course du piston ; en ce qu'un capteur de déplacement est disposé dans chacun desdits orifices, avec son organe de détection tourné vers l'intérieur du cylindre de façon à être influencé par le passage du piston ; et en ce qu'une fermeture étanche est prévue entre le capteur et la surface extérieure du cylindre pour rétablir l'intégrité de l'étanchéité du cylindre à la haute pression.The subject of the invention is a cylinder of the aforementioned type characterized: in that a plurality of through holes are drilled in the wall of the cylinder of the cylinder, over the extent of the piston stroke; in that a displacement sensor is arranged in each of said orifices, with its detection member facing the interior of the cylinder so as to be influenced by the passage of the piston; and in that a tight closure is provided between the sensor and the exterior surface of the cylinder to restore the integrity of the tightness of the cylinder at high pressure.

La finition de surface de la surface intérieure du cylindre est donc ainsi détruite par les orifices traversants, mais ceci est sans inconvénient puisque le piston ne porte pas de garniture d'étanchéité fragile.The surface finish of the interior surface of the cylinder is thus destroyed by the through holes, but this is without disadvantage since the piston does not carry a fragile seal.

On utilise de préférence des capteurs de proximité, notamment des capteurs inductifs, qui sont influencés par le passage du piston métallique en regard de l'orifice dans lequel est logé le capteur. Bien entendu, les capteurs eux-mêmes sont soumis à la haute pression (300 à 400 bar) régnant dans le cylindre du vérin, mais il existe des types de capteur conçus pour fonctionner dans des environnements à haute pression, par exemple 500 bar.Proximity sensors, in particular inductive sensors, are preferably used, which are influenced by the passage of the metal piston opposite the orifice in which the sensor is housed. Of course, the sensors themselves are subjected to the high pressure (300 to 400 bar) prevailing in the cylinder of the cylinder, but there are types of sensor designed to operate in high pressure environments, for example 500 bar.

Les capteurs inductifs comportent un interrupteur électrique incorporé qui fournit, sur les câbles de sortie, un signal de sortie analogique qui peut être amplifié et traité avant d'être appliqué à des instruments de contrôle qui indiquant la position du piston dans le vérin et, par conséquent, la position de l'organe actionné, notamment le contact mobile d'un disjoncteur.Inductive sensors have a built-in electrical switch which provides an analog output signal on the output cables which can be amplified and processed before being applied to control instruments which indicate the position of the piston in the cylinder and, by Consequently, the position of the actuated member, in particular the movable contact of a circuit breaker.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des dessins annexés. Sur ces dessins :

  • La figure 1 est une vue axiale d'un vérin hydraulique différentiel suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale, suivant le plan II - II de la figure 1 à plus grande échelle.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended drawings. In these drawings:
  • Figure 1 is an axial view of a differential hydraulic cylinder according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view, along the plane II - II of Figure 1 on a larger scale.

Le vérin représenté sur la figure 1 est du type décrit dans la demande de brevet précitée et il comprend un cylindre 2 de préférence sous la forme d'une pièce de fonderie, un piston 4 dépourvu de garniture d'étanchéité, une tige de piston 6 qui est attelée au contact mobile d'un disjoncteur (non représenté) et un dispositif à clapet 8 pour la fermeture de l'orifice 10 d'admission/purge du vérin dans la position de fin de course basse (position représentée sur la moitié droite de la figure) du piston 4.The jack represented in FIG. 1 is of the type described in the aforementioned patent application and it comprises a cylinder 2 preferably in the form of a casting, a piston 4 devoid of seal, a piston rod 6 which is coupled to the movable contact of a circuit breaker (not shown) and a valve device 8 for closing the intake / bleed orifice 10 of the jack in the low end position (position shown on the right half of the figure) of the piston 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le vérin comprend également un système d'amortissement de fin de course dans lequel le clapet de fermeture est constitué par une bague flottante 8 qui comporte deux lévres d'étanchéité 12-12′ et dont l'alésage central 14 coopère avec un téton d'amortissement 16 porté par le piston 6. Un tel système d'amortissement, avec une bague flottante formant en même temps un clapet de fermeture à double étanchéité en fin de course du piston a été décrit dans la demande de brevet français N° 87.05.198 déposée le 13 avril 1987 au nom du même inventeur.In the embodiment shown, the actuator also comprises a end-of-travel damping system in which the closing valve is constituted by a floating ring 8 which has two sealing lips 12-12 ′ and whose central bore 14 cooperates with a damping pin 16 carried by the piston 6. Such a damping system, with a floating ring simultaneously forming a double-sealing closing valve at the end of the piston stroke, has been described in the application for French patent N ° 87.05.198 filed on April 13, 1987 in the name of the same inventor.

Ainsi qu'il est connu dans les commandes hydrauliques de disjoncteur à vérin différentiel, la chambre annulaire 18 du vérin (au-dessus du piston 6) est reliée en permanence à la source haute pression constituée par un accumulateur oléo­pneumatique 20. La chambre principale 22 du vérin (en-dessous du piston 6) est reliée sélectivement, par une valve à 3 voies 24, soit à la haute pression (par la canalisation 26 et par une canalisation de transfert 28, qui est de préférence venue de fonderie avec le cylindre 2 du vérin), soit à la purge vers un réservoir à basse pression 30. Une telle commande hydraulique pour disjoncteur, à vérin différentiel, a été décrite par exemple dans le brevet français N° 2.317.532 (ou brevet U.S. N° 4.026.523).As is known in hydraulic controls for circuit breakers with differential actuators, the annular chamber 18 of the actuator (above the piston 6) is permanently connected to the high pressure source constituted by an oleopneumatic accumulator 20. The main chamber 22 of the cylinder (below the piston 6) is selectively connected, by a 3-way valve 24, or to the high pressure (by the line 26 and by a transfer line 28, which preferably came from the foundry with the cylinder 2 of the cylinder), or to the purge to a low pressure tank 30. Such a hydraulic control for circuit breaker, with differential cylinder, has been described for example in French patent No. 2,317,532 (or US patent No. 4,026. 523).

Suivant l'invention, on perce dans la paroi 32 du cylindre 2 une pluralité d'orifices traversants 34 à plusieurs niveaux sur la course du piston. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1 on a représenté seulement trois orifices, un à chaque fin de course du piston et un intermédiaire, mais, bien entendu, si on veut un plus grand nombre de points de détection de la position de passage du piston on peut percer plus de trois orifices, sur une même génératrice du cylindre ou, de préférence sur des génératrices différentes.According to the invention, a plurality of through holes 34 are drilled in the wall 32 of the cylinder 2 at several levels on the stroke of the piston. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, only three orifices have been represented, one at each end of the piston stroke and an intermediate, but, of course, if we want a greater number of detection points for the passage position of the piston it is possible to pierce more than three orifices, on the same generator of the cylinder or, preferably on different generators.

Dans chacun des orifices 34, on loge un capteur de proximité 36 dont la face de détection 38 (voir figure 2) affleure la surface intérieure 40 du cylindre 2. Des moyens d'étanchéité, tels que des joints 42-42′ assurent la fermeture étanche des orifices 34 à la haute pression régnant dans le cylindre du vérin, après la mise en place des capteurs 36 dans leur logement.In each of the orifices 34, a proximity sensor 36 is housed whose detection face 38 (see FIG. 2) is flush with the interior surface 40 of the cylinder 2. Sealing means, such as seals 42-42 ′ ensure the closure tight of the orifices 34 at the high pressure prevailing in the cylinder of the jack, after the installation of the sensors 36 in their housing.

Pour la clarté du dessin, on a représenté sur la figure 1 deux seulement des orifices 34 garnis de leur capteur 36, le montage d'un capteur dans son logement étant représenté plus en détail sur la vue en coupe de la figure 2.For the sake of clarity of the drawing, FIG. 1 shows only two of the orifices 34 fitted with their sensor 36, the mounting of a sensor in its housing being shown in more detail in the sectional view of FIG. 2.

La sortie électrique de chaque capteur se fait par un câble à deux fils 44, tous ces câbles arrivant à des moyens 46 de contrôle et/ou d'enregistrement et/ou de visualisation des déplacements du piston 6 et, éventuellement, des courbes de vitesses.The electrical output of each sensor is via a two-wire cable 44, all these cables arriving at means 46 for controlling and / or recording and / or displaying the movements of the piston 6 and, optionally, the speed curves .

Comme on le voit en particulier sur la figure 2, les orifices 34 débouchent dans la surface intérieure 40 du cylindre du vérin 2, ce qui rompt l'intégrité de cette surface. Mais étant donné que le piston 6 est dépourvu d'une garniture appliquée de façon étanche contre la surface intérieure du cylindre, la non continuité de cette surface est sans inconvénient. Au contraire, avec un vérin classique, la garniture d'étanchéité du piston serait détériorée à chaque passage du piston devant les orifices et serait rapidement détruite.As seen in particular in Figure 2, the holes 34 open into the inner surface 40 of the cylinder of cylinder 2, which breaks the integrity of this surface. But since the piston 6 is devoid of a seal applied in a sealed manner against the interior surface of the cylinder, the non-continuity of this surface is without drawback. On the contrary, with a conventional cylinder, the seal of the piston would be damaged with each passage of the piston in front of the orifices and would be quickly destroyed.

Comme capteur de proximité on peut utiliser avantageusement des capteurs inductifs avec micro-switch, prévus pour fonctionner dans une ambiance à haute pression, tels que ceux commercialisés par la Société HONEYWELL CONTROL SYSTEMS LTD sous la référence séries 921, 922, 926 qui peuvent fonctionner sous une pression de 500 bar.As a proximity sensor, it is advantageous to use inductive sensors with micro-switch, intended to operate in a high pressure environment, such as those marketed by the company HONEYWELL CONTROL SYSTEMS LTD under the reference series 921, 922, 926 which can operate under a pressure of 500 bar.

On pourrait utiliser d'autres types de capteurs, par exemple capacitifs ou, encore, mécaniques.Other types of sensors could be used, for example capacitive or, again, mechanical.

Le système de détection suivant l'invention présente l'avantage qu'il est directement intégré au vérin lui-même et qu'il ne nécessite aucun montage ou raccordement sur place autre que la connexion des câbles de sortie des capteurs sur l'appareil de contrôle.The detection system according to the invention has the advantage that it is directly integrated into the jack itself and that it does not require any mounting or connection on site other than the connection of the sensor output cables to the control.

Une telle intégration est importante car la technique moderne prévoit de plus en plus la réalisation d'ensembles complets qui sont montés et réglés en usine.Such integration is important because modern technology increasingly provides for the production of complete assemblies which are assembled and adjusted in the factory.

Non seulement, grâce à l'invention, on peut supprimer, dans les commandes de disjoncteurs, le vérin-image classique dont on a signalé les inconvénients dans ce qui précède, mais encore, on peut contrôler, de manière précise, les performances des disjoncteurs à la mise en service, puis ensuite périodiquement.Not only, thanks to the invention, it is possible to remove, in the circuit-breaker controls, the conventional image jack, the drawbacks of which have been pointed out in the foregoing, but also, the performances can be precisely controlled. circuit breakers upon commissioning, then periodically thereafter.

Bien entendu, le système de détection suivant l'invention, par l'intermédiaire de son appareillage de contrôle 46, indique la position ouverte ou fermée du disjoncteur, assure les enclenchements de sécurité avec les autres appareils associés au disjoncteur (par exemple des sectionneurs), et interdit les phénomènes de "pompage" du disjoncteur en cas de déclenchement sur enclenchement (fermeture sur court-circuit) si l'ordre de fermeture est maintenu.Of course, the detection system according to the invention, by means of its control apparatus 46, indicates the open or closed position of the circuit breaker, ensures safety interlocks with the other devices associated with the circuit breaker (for example disconnectors) , and prohibits the "pumping" phenomena of the circuit breaker in the event of tripping on latching (closing on short-circuit) if the closing order is maintained.

En plus, le système suivant l'invention permet d'effectuer diverses mesures qui n'étaient pas possibles avec un vérin-image, comme on l'a vu dans ce qui précède, ni même avec des liaisons mécaniques ou tringleries prises directement sur l'organe mobile actionné par le vérin. En effet, du fait de la longueur et des jeux dans ces liaisons mécaniques, les mesures étaient tout à fait imprécises, ne serait-ce que par suite des efforts et des déformations élastiques apparaissant dans ces liaisons mécaniques au cours des manoeuvres des disjoncteurs qui sont très brutales.In addition, the system according to the invention makes it possible to carry out various measurements which were not possible with an image jack, as we have seen in the foregoing, or even with mechanical connections or linkages taken directly on the mobile member actuated by the jack. In fact, due to the length and the play in these mechanical connections, the measurements were completely imprecise, if only as a result of the forces and elastic deformations appearing in these mechanical connections during the operations of the circuit breakers which are very brutal.

C'est ainsi qu'il est maintenant possible, avec le système de détection suivant l'invention, de mesurer et d'enregistrer avec précision le délai de sortie du contact mobile hors du contact fixe après l'émission de l'ordre d'enclenchement, de déterminer la courbe de vitesse du contact mobile, ce qui est très important en particulier dans le cas des disjoncteurs auto­soufflants à SF 6, et de contrôler le bon fonctionnement des amortissements de fin de course.This is how it is now possible, with the detection system according to the invention, to measure and record with precision the time for leaving the movable contact outside the fixed contact after the issuance of the order. engagement, to determine the speed curve of the movable contact, which is very important in particular in the case of self-blowing circuit breakers with SF 6, and to check the proper functioning of the end-of-stroke damping.

Claims (6)

1) Vérin hydraulique différentiel, notamment pour la commande de disjoncteurs électriques à haute tension, du type dans lequel le piston du vérin est dépourvu de garniture assurant l'étanchéité du piston vis-à-vis de la surface intérieure du cylindre du vérin, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (32) du cylindre (2) est percée d'une pluralité d'orifices traversants (34) sur l'étendue de la course du piston (4) ; en ce qu'un capteur de déplacement (36) est logé dans chacun desdits orifices (34), avec son organe sensible de détection (38) tourné vers l'intérieur du cylindre (2) de façon à être influencé par le passage du piston (4) en regard de l'orifice (34) correspondant ;en ce que des moyens d'étanchéité (42-42′) sont prévus entre chaque capteur et la paroi (32) du cylindre pour assurer l'intégrité de l'étanchéité du cylindre à la haute pression régnant dans ledit cylindre ; et en ce que les liaisons de sortie (44) des capteurs sont raccordées à un appareillage (46) de contrôle de la position du piston (4) dans le cylindre (2).1) Differential hydraulic cylinder, in particular for controlling high voltage electric circuit breakers, of the type in which the piston of the cylinder is devoid of gasket ensuring the tightness of the piston with respect to the internal surface of the cylinder of the cylinder, characterized in that the wall (32) of the cylinder (2) is pierced with a plurality of through holes (34) over the extent of the stroke of the piston (4); in that a displacement sensor (36) is housed in each of said orifices (34), with its sensitive detection member (38) turned towards the inside of the cylinder (2) so as to be influenced by the passage of the piston (4) opposite the corresponding orifice (34); in that sealing means (42-42 ′) are provided between each sensor and the wall (32) of the cylinder to ensure the integrity of the seal the cylinder at the high pressure prevailing in said cylinder; and in that the output links (44) of the sensors are connected to an apparatus (46) for monitoring the position of the piston (4) in the cylinder (2). 2) Vérin suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs (36) sont des capteurs de proximité, sans contact physique avec le piston (4) au passage de celui-ci devant l'orifice (34) correspondant.2) Cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensors (36) are proximity sensors, without physical contact with the piston (4) in the passage of the latter in front of the corresponding orifice (34). 3) Vérin suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que des capteurs de proximité (36) sont des capteurs inductifs résistant à de hautes pressions hydrauliques de l'ordre de 300 à 400 bar.3) Cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that proximity sensors (36) are inductive sensors resistant to high hydraulic pressures of the order of 300 to 400 bar. 4) Vérin suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les orifices précités (34) sont percés sur une même génératrice du cylindre (2).4) Cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aforementioned orifices (34) are drilled on the same generator of the cylinder (2). 5) Vérin suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les orifices précités (34) sont percés sur plusieurs génératrices du cylindre (2).5) Cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aforementioned orifices (34) are drilled on several generatrices of the cylinder (2). 6) Vérin suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre (2) du vérin est une pièce venue de fonderie.6) Cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder (2) of the cylinder is a piece from foundry.
EP88401029A 1987-05-06 1988-04-27 Hydraulic actuator with a piston position control system Expired - Lifetime EP0290320B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88401029T ATE54726T1 (en) 1987-05-06 1988-04-27 HYDRAULIC CYLINDER WITH PISTON POSITION CONTROL SYSTEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706368 1987-05-06
FR8706368A FR2614946B1 (en) 1987-05-06 1987-05-06 HYDRAULIC CYLINDER WITH PISTON POSITION CONTROL SYSTEM

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0290320A1 true EP0290320A1 (en) 1988-11-09
EP0290320B1 EP0290320B1 (en) 1990-07-18

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Family Applications (1)

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EP88401029A Expired - Lifetime EP0290320B1 (en) 1987-05-06 1988-04-27 Hydraulic actuator with a piston position control system

Country Status (19)

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US (1) US5031504A (en)
EP (1) EP0290320B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63295399A (en)
KR (1) KR920004529B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1009853B (en)
AT (1) ATE54726T1 (en)
AU (1) AU598362B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8802199A (en)
CA (1) CA1287342C (en)
CZ (1) CZ280407B6 (en)
DE (1) DE3860323D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2016123B3 (en)
FI (1) FI87104C (en)
FR (1) FR2614946B1 (en)
HU (1) HU209777B (en)
SU (1) SU1722242A3 (en)
UA (1) UA5569A1 (en)
YU (1) YU47284B (en)
ZA (1) ZA882921B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105621305A (en) * 2016-03-03 2016-06-01 郑州四维矿业机械有限责任公司 Piston and jack using piston

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US5704813A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-01-06 Namco Controls Corporation Proximity sensor housing and arrangement
DE19824940A1 (en) * 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Mannesmann Sachs Ag Operating device for cars, especially slave cylinder with one and/or master cylinder connected hydraulically with this
US6941827B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-09-13 Caterpillar Inc. Mounting apparatus and method for cylinder position sensor
DE102006028785B3 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-04-12 Audi Ag Position sensor arrangement for gear shift rod has rod projecting through boring in oil cavity wall into transmission cavity
DE102008035971B3 (en) * 2008-08-01 2009-09-24 Stabilus Gmbh Adjusting element for opening and closing hatch of machine part or motor vehicle, has switch element arranged between other two switch elements and actuating microswitch in protective pipe switching position by axial displacement of piston
CN104405716B (en) * 2014-11-04 2016-03-16 哈尔滨工业大学 Two ends prefastening piezoelectric pile causes the low frictional behavior cylinder of cylinder body multiple modal vibrations
CN105366583B (en) * 2015-12-15 2019-03-22 常州信息职业技术学院 Intelligent jack device based on wireless communication
JP6437037B2 (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-12-12 本田技研工業株式会社 Actuator and fluid pressure control circuit having the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN105621305B (en) * 2016-03-03 2018-09-28 郑州四维矿业机械有限责任公司 A kind of piston and the jack using the piston

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1009853B (en) 1990-10-03
BR8802199A (en) 1988-12-06
CZ280407B6 (en) 1996-01-17
CA1287342C (en) 1991-08-06
FI87104C (en) 1992-11-25
FI882038A (en) 1988-11-07
YU47284B (en) 1995-01-31
JPH0543640B2 (en) 1993-07-02
HU209777B (en) 1994-10-28
DE3860323D1 (en) 1990-08-23
US5031504A (en) 1991-07-16
JPS63295399A (en) 1988-12-01
ATE54726T1 (en) 1990-08-15
EP0290320B1 (en) 1990-07-18
SU1722242A3 (en) 1992-03-23
HUT52604A (en) 1990-07-28
ZA882921B (en) 1988-10-27
FI87104B (en) 1992-08-14
CN88102582A (en) 1988-11-23
UA5569A1 (en) 1994-12-28
ES2016123B3 (en) 1990-10-16
AU598362B2 (en) 1990-06-21
KR880013812A (en) 1988-12-21
AU1502788A (en) 1988-11-10
YU88288A (en) 1990-12-31
FR2614946B1 (en) 1989-06-23
KR920004529B1 (en) 1992-06-08
CS303388A3 (en) 1992-04-15
FR2614946A1 (en) 1988-11-10
FI882038A0 (en) 1988-05-02

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