EP1892390B1 - Combustion engine - Google Patents

Combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1892390B1
EP1892390B1 EP07010762A EP07010762A EP1892390B1 EP 1892390 B1 EP1892390 B1 EP 1892390B1 EP 07010762 A EP07010762 A EP 07010762A EP 07010762 A EP07010762 A EP 07010762A EP 1892390 B1 EP1892390 B1 EP 1892390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
air
combustion engine
internal combustion
separating device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP07010762A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1892390A2 (en
EP1892390A3 (en
Inventor
Albrecht Reustle
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Publication of EP1892390A3 publication Critical patent/EP1892390A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0033—Oilsumps with special means for guiding the return of oil into the sump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/005—Oilsumps with special anti-turbulence means, e.g. anti-foaming means or intermediate plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted, according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic internal combustion engine is from the DE 44 24 248 C1 known.
  • the oil is pumped through extending within walls of the cylinder head pressure channels and adjoining longitudinal channels to within the crankcase arranged air-oil separation elements to separate the air from the oil flowing back into the oil pan.
  • the disadvantage here is the high casting complexity for creating the relatively long channels, the large footprint and the high drive power, which is needed for pumping the oil and for separating the air from the oil.
  • the DE 40 01 468 A1 describes an oil guide housing for an internal combustion engine in which trained as ribs oil planer are provided, with which the oil is planed from the connecting rod and returned via return ducts in the oil pan. By said construction, however, no separation of air from the oil pan recycled oil is possible.
  • the inventive one-piece design of the at least one air-oil separator with the ⁇ labstreif sexualen results in a very compact design these two parts, so that they can be integrated into the internal combustion engine without major problems. Due to the small distance of the air-oil separator from the ⁇ labstreif sexualen can also be dispensed with a pump, as is dominated by the prevailing in the air-oil separator high kinetic energy, the oil is stripped off and due to the density difference between air and oil an independent Oil separation takes place or is achieved. Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that in the crankcase no additional channels or the like must be integrated, so that there is no additional casting technical effort.
  • At least one oil outlet opening of the air-oil separation device is located above the oil level of the oil pan in each driving state of the motor vehicle equipped with the internal combustion engine according to the invention, so that it is always ensured that the oil is returned freely and without resistance to the oil pan.
  • all oil outlet openings are arranged above the oil level adjusting in the oil sump.
  • the longitudinal axis of the air-oil separator around which the oil introduced rotates substantially parallel to the crankshaft, so additional space problems are prevented, since the air-oil separator in the direction of its longitudinal axis usually very is much larger than in a plane perpendicular to it. That is, the air-oil separator is installed horizontally, but the function of the same does not affect, since the oil is not due to gravity, but due to the high centrifugal force in the same passes.
  • each oil wiping device is associated with a connecting rod, and that each oil wiping device has two oil wiping openings arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft.
  • each ⁇ labstreifö réelle a narrowing Channel leads to the air-oil separator.
  • the flow rate of the oil is increased and it can be fed even faster to the air-oil separator in this way.
  • Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 with a crankcase 2, mounted on the crankcase 2 cylinder heads 3 and the cylinder heads 3 in a conventional manner final cylinder head cover 4.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 is designed in the present case in boxer design, but it could also be in any other design be executed.
  • the crankcase 2 has in this case two crankcase halves 2a and 2b, between which a crankshaft 5 is mounted with a plurality of attached connecting rods 6 and performs in a conventional manner a rotational movement.
  • only one of the connecting rods 6 is shown, but the number of them coincides with the number of cylinders, not shown, of the internal combustion engine 1 and can thus vary almost as desired.
  • Below the crankcase 2 is an oil pan 7, in which the oil used for lubrication of the internal combustion engine 1 is added.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 thus has a wet sump lubrication.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 further comprises a plurality of ⁇ labstreif sexualen 8, which are used for stripping oil from the rotating crankshaft 5 and from the attached thereto and with the same rotating connecting rods 6 and thus freely herumspritzspritzendes or with the crankshaft 5 and prevent the connecting rods 6 in the form of an oil roller with rotating oil.
  • each ⁇ labstreif sexual 8 is assigned to a connecting rod 6, since a considerable amount of oil is carried by the connecting rods 6.
  • a connecting rod 6 in an internal combustion engine 1 with only one cylinder and consequently a connecting rod 6 so only one ⁇ labstreif sexual 8 would be provided.
  • Optionally could be dispensed with individual connecting rods 6 and the attachment of a ⁇ labstreif sexual 8.
  • the ⁇ labstreif sexualen 8 are integrally formed with a plurality of known as Swirlpot air-oil separation devices 9, in which the introduced from the crankshaft 5 and the connecting rods 6 stripped or planed oil is introduced and defoamed.
  • the oil scrapers 8 and the air-oil separators 9 are in Fig. 3 shown in more detail.
  • the ⁇ labstreif sexualen 8 additional cover elements 10 are assigned, which are preferably formed of sheet metal and prevent backflow of oil from the oil pan 7 in the crankcase 2.
  • the cover 10 also serve to attach the ⁇ labstreif sexualen 8 on the crankcase 2. It can be provided between the cones 6 associated ⁇ labstreif sexualen 8, the crank webs of the crankshaft 5 associated ⁇ labstreif recognizeden to achieve even better stripping of oil.
  • each ⁇ labstreif issued 8 two ⁇ labstreifö réelleen 11 which are arranged one behind the other in the rotational direction of the crankshaft 5 and adapted to the designated with a line 6a envelope of the connecting rod 6 in its movement.
  • each ⁇ labstreifö réelleen 11 each leading a narrowing channel 12 to the assigned in the present embodiment each ⁇ labstreif responded 8 air-oil separator 9 and enters at a respective oil inlet opening 13 in the respective air-oil separator 9 a.
  • the air-oil separation devices 9 have in the present case a substantially cylindrical housing 14 and its longitudinal axis 15 extends substantially parallel to the crankshaft. 5
  • the air-oil separator 9 has a substantially central, so on the longitudinal axis 15 thereof arranged Lucasabrios Gustav 16, through which the separated air from the oil can leave the housing 14.
  • the air discharge line 16 may extend more or less deeply into the housing 14 of the air-oil separator 9.
  • the entering into the housing 14 of the air-oil separator 9 oil moves due to the centrifugal force on the inner wall of the housing 14 along a helical path in the direction of the air discharge line 16 opposite oil outlet 17, which in Fig. 7 is shown schematically.
  • the movement of the oil in the direction of the oil outlet opening 17 can be assisted by a design of the channels 12 inclined in the direction of the same. Due to the lower density of the air, this leaves the circulating oil flow inwards and can therefore escape through the air discharge line 16. The oil, however, can leave any air-oil separator 9 at the oil outlet 17.
  • the oil outlet 17, as in Fig. 7 be seen, arranged so that they are in any driving condition of a vehicle equipped with the internal combustion engine 1 motor vehicle above a in Fig. 7 indicated oil level 18 is located in the oil pan 7.
  • a further line could also be led to a common oil outlet opening, which then likewise in each driving state of the equipped with the internal combustion engine 1 motor vehicle should be above the oil level 18 in the oil pan 7.
  • oil level 18 in the oil pan 7.
  • the vehicle position ie, horizontal, uphill, downhill or sideways oblique, arise in the oil pan 17 in Fig. 7 shown oil level 18.
  • Fig. 7 further shows a suction opening 19, which is spaced by at least one spacer 20 from the bottom of the oil pan 7.
  • an oil pump Via the suction opening 19, an oil pump, not shown, sucks the lubricating oil from the oil pan 7 and forwards it to the lubrication points inside the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the suction opening 19 should be in each driving state of the motor vehicle or at each vehicle position below the thereby adjusting oil level 18.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of the air-oil separation devices 9.
  • a plurality of ⁇ labstreifvoriquesen 8 is associated with a common air-oil separator 9, which also has a cylindrical housing 14 whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the crankshaft 5.
  • two air-oil separation devices 9 are provided, each associated with three connecting rods 6. Due to the higher expected volume of oil, the volume of the air-oil separators 9 is greater than that of in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment, compared to the embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 allows easier production. In contrast, the embodiment of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 due to the smaller volumes of air-oil separators 9 more effective.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Kurbelgehäuse, in dem eine Kurbelwelle drehbar gelagert ist, nach der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Art.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted, according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Eine gattungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine ist aus der DE 44 24 248 C1 bekannt. Dabei wird das Öl über innerhalb von Wandungen des Zylinderkopfes verlaufende Druckkanäle und sich daran anschließende Längskanäle zu innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses angeordneten Luft-Öl-Abscheideelementen gepumpt, um die Luft aus dem in die Ölwanne zurückströmenden Öl abzuscheiden. Durch dieses Abscheiden von Luft aus dem Öl wird die Qualität des Öls aufrecht erhalten und eine sichere Funktion der Brennkraftmaschine gewährleistet. Nachteilig dabei ist jedoch der hohe gießtechnische Aufwand zur Erstellung der relativ langen Kanäle, der große Platzbedarf sowie die hohe Antriebsleistung, die zum Umpumpen des Öls und zur Abscheidung der Luft aus dem Öl benötigt wird.A generic internal combustion engine is from the DE 44 24 248 C1 known. The oil is pumped through extending within walls of the cylinder head pressure channels and adjoining longitudinal channels to within the crankcase arranged air-oil separation elements to separate the air from the oil flowing back into the oil pan. By this separation of air from the oil, the quality of the oil is maintained and ensures safe operation of the internal combustion engine. The disadvantage here, however, is the high casting complexity for creating the relatively long channels, the large footprint and the high drive power, which is needed for pumping the oil and for separating the air from the oil.

Weitere gattungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschinen sind aus DE 100 29 844 A1 , JP 2005171777 A , JP 5007917 U , DE 40 12 415 A1 , JP 3032110 U und DE 42 04 522 C1 bekannt.Other generic internal combustion engines are off DE 100 29 844 A1 . JP 2005171777 A . JP 5007917 U . DE 40 12 415 A1 . JP 3032110 U and DE 42 04 522 C1 known.

Die DE 40 01 468 A1 beschreibt ein Ölführungsgehäuse für eine Brennkraftmaschine, bei der als Rippen ausgebildete Ölhobel vorgesehen sind, mit denen das Öl von der Pleuelgeige abgehobelt und über Rücklaufkanäle in die Ölwanne zurückgeführt wird. Durch die genannte Konstruktion ist allerdings keine Abscheidung von Luft aus dem der Ölwanne zurückgeführten Öl möglich.The DE 40 01 468 A1 describes an oil guide housing for an internal combustion engine in which trained as ribs oil planer are provided, with which the oil is planed from the connecting rod and returned via return ducts in the oil pan. By said construction, however, no separation of air from the oil pan recycled oil is possible.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, bei welcher das der Ölwanne zurückzuführende Öl möglichst schnell und mit einem möglichst geringen Luftgehalt zurückgeführt wird, wobei die hierzu erforderlichen Abstreif- und Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen einen möglichst geringen Platzbedarf erfordern und eine kompakte Konstruktion aufweisen sollten.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine in which the oil sump attributable oil is returned as quickly as possible and with the lowest possible air content, the necessary for this purpose stripping and air-oil separation devices require the smallest possible space and a should have compact design.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße einteilige Ausführung der wenigstens einen Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung mit den Ölabstreifeinrichtungen ergibt sich eine sehr kompakte Bau-form dieser beiden Teile, so dass diese ohne größere Probleme in die Brennkraftmaschine integriert werden können. Durch den geringen Abstand der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung von den Ölabstreifeinrichtungen kann darüber hinaus auf eine Pumpe verzichtet werden, da durch die in der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung herrschenden hohen kinetischen Energien das Öl abgestreift wird und aufgrund des Dichteunterschiedes zwischen Luft und Öl eine selbständige Ölabscheidung stattfindet bzw. erzielt wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht darin, dass in das Kurbelgehäuse keinerlei zusätzliche Kanäle oder dergleichen integriert werden müssen, so dass sich kein zusätzlicher gießtechnischer Aufwand ergibt.The inventive one-piece design of the at least one air-oil separator with the Ölabstreifeinrichtungen results in a very compact design these two parts, so that they can be integrated into the internal combustion engine without major problems. Due to the small distance of the air-oil separator from the Ölabstreifeinrichtungen can also be dispensed with a pump, as is dominated by the prevailing in the air-oil separator high kinetic energy, the oil is stripped off and due to the density difference between air and oil an independent Oil separation takes place or is achieved. Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that in the crankcase no additional channels or the like must be integrated, so that there is no additional casting technical effort.

Erfindungsgemäß befindet sich wenigstens eine Ölauslassöffnung der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung in jedem Fahrzustand des mit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine ausgestattetem Kraftfahrzeugs oberhalb des Ölspiegels der Ölwanne, so dass stets gewährleistet ist, dass das Öl frei und ohne Widerstand in die Ölwanne zurückgeführt wird. Vorzugsweise sind alle Ölauslassöffnungen oberhalb des sich in der Ölwanne einstellenden Ölspiegels angeordnet.According to the invention, at least one oil outlet opening of the air-oil separation device is located above the oil level of the oil pan in each driving state of the motor vehicle equipped with the internal combustion engine according to the invention, so that it is always ensured that the oil is returned freely and without resistance to the oil pan. Preferably, all oil outlet openings are arranged above the oil level adjusting in the oil sump.

Wenn in einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung die Längsachse der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung, um welche das eingeleitete Öl rotiert, im wesentlichen parallel zu der Kurbelwelle verläuft, so werden zusätzliche Platzprobleme verhindert, da die Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung in Richtung ihrer Längsachse üblicherweise sehr viel größer ist als in einer Ebene senkrecht dazu. Das heißt, die Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung wird liegend eingebaut, was die Funktion derselben jedoch nicht beeinträchtigt, da das Öl nicht aufgrund der Schwerkraft, sondern aufgrund der hohen Zentrifugalkraft in dieselbe gelangt.If, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal axis of the air-oil separator around which the oil introduced rotates substantially parallel to the crankshaft, so additional space problems are prevented, since the air-oil separator in the direction of its longitudinal axis usually very is much larger than in a plane perpendicular to it. That is, the air-oil separator is installed horizontally, but the function of the same does not affect, since the oil is not due to gravity, but due to the high centrifugal force in the same passes.

Eine besonders große Menge an Öl kann von der in dem Kurbelgehäuse rotierenden Kurbelwelle abgestreift werden, wenn in einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, dass jede Ölabstreifeinrichtung einem Pleuel zugeordnet ist, und dass jede Ölabstreifeinrichtung zwei in Rotationsrichtung der Kurbelwelle hintereinander angeordnete Ölabstreiföffnungen aufweist.A particularly large amount of oil can be scraped off by the crankshaft rotating in the crankcase, if in an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that each oil wiping device is associated with a connecting rod, and that each oil wiping device has two oil wiping openings arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the crankshaft.

Des weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass von jeder Ölabstreiföffnung ein sich verengender Kanal zu der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung führt. Durch einen solchen sich verengenden Kanal wird die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Öls erhöht und es kann auf diese Weise noch schneller der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung zugeführt werden.Furthermore, it can be provided that of each Ölabstreiföffnung a narrowing Channel leads to the air-oil separator. By such a narrowing channel, the flow rate of the oil is increased and it can be fed even faster to the air-oil separator in this way.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den restlichen Unteransprüchen. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und Zeichnung näher erläutert.Further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the remaining dependent claims. Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description and drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig.1
eine sehr schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine;
Fig. 2
eine räumliche Ansicht durch das Kurbelgehäuse der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine aus Fig. 1;
Fig.3
eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ölabstreifeinrichtungen mit den Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV aus Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ölabstreifeinrichtungen mit den Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen;
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt nach der Linie VI-VI aus Fig. 5 und
Fig. 7
eine schematische Darstellung durch das Kurbelgehäuse der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine aus Fig. 1.
Show it:
Fig.1
a very schematic representation of an internal combustion engine;
Fig. 2
a spatial view through the crankcase of the internal combustion engine according to the invention Fig. 1 ;
Figure 3
a first embodiment of the invention Ölabstreifeinrichtungen with the air-oil separation devices;
Fig. 4
a section along the line IV-IV Fig. 3 ;
Fig. 5
a second embodiment of the invention Ölabstreifeinrichtungen with the air-oil separation devices;
Fig. 6
a section along the line VI-VI Fig. 5 and
Fig. 7
a schematic representation of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine according to the invention Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit einem Kurbelgehäuse 2, an dem Kurbelgehäuse 2 angebrachten Zylinderköpfen 3 und die Zylinderköpfe 3 in an sich bekannter Weise abschließende Zylinderkopfdeckel 4. Die Brennkraftmaschine 1 ist im vorliegenden Fall in Boxer-Bauweise ausgeführt, sie könnte jedoch auch in jeder beliebigen anderen Bauform ausgeführt sein. Das Kurbelgehäuse 2 weist im vorliegenden Fall zwei Kurbelgehäusehälften 2a und 2b auf, zwischen denen eine Kurbelwelle 5 mit mehreren daran angebrachten Pleueln 6 gelagert ist und in an sich bekannter Weise eine Rotationsbewegung ausführt. Der Einfachheit halber ist lediglich eines der Pleuel 6 dargestellt, die Anzahl derselben stimmt jedoch mit der Anzahl der nicht dargestellten Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine 1 überein und kann somit annähernd beliebig variieren. Unterhalb des Kurbelgehäuses 2 befindet sich eine Ölwanne 7, in der das zur Schmierung der Brennkraftmaschine 1 dienende Öl aufgenommen ist. Die Brennkraftmaschine 1 weist also eine Nasssumpfschmierung auf. Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 with a crankcase 2, mounted on the crankcase 2 cylinder heads 3 and the cylinder heads 3 in a conventional manner final cylinder head cover 4. The internal combustion engine 1 is designed in the present case in boxer design, but it could also be in any other design be executed. The crankcase 2 has in this case two crankcase halves 2a and 2b, between which a crankshaft 5 is mounted with a plurality of attached connecting rods 6 and performs in a conventional manner a rotational movement. For the sake of simplicity, only one of the connecting rods 6 is shown, but the number of them coincides with the number of cylinders, not shown, of the internal combustion engine 1 and can thus vary almost as desired. Below the crankcase 2 is an oil pan 7, in which the oil used for lubrication of the internal combustion engine 1 is added. The internal combustion engine 1 thus has a wet sump lubrication.

Wie in der räumlichen Ansicht gemäß Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, weist die Brennkraftmaschine 1 des weiteren mehrere Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 auf, die zum Abstreifen von Öl von der rotierenden Kurbelwelle 5 bzw. von den an derselben angebrachten und mit derselben rotierenden Pleueln 6 dienen und somit frei umherspritzendes bzw. mit der Kurbelwelle 5 und den Pleueln 6 in der Form einer Ölwalze mit rotierendes Öl verhindern. Hierbei ist jede Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 einem Pleuel 6 zugeordnet, da von den Pleueln 6 eine beträchtliche Ölmenge mitgeführt wird. Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit lediglich einem Zylinder und demzufolge einem Pleuel 6 wäre also nur eine Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 vorgesehen. Gegebenenfalls könnte bei einzelnen Pleueln 6 auch auf die Anbringung einer Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 verzichtet werden.As in the spatial view according to Fig. 2 can be seen, the internal combustion engine 1 further comprises a plurality of Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8, which are used for stripping oil from the rotating crankshaft 5 and from the attached thereto and with the same rotating connecting rods 6 and thus freely herumspritzspritzendes or with the crankshaft 5 and prevent the connecting rods 6 in the form of an oil roller with rotating oil. Here, each Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 is assigned to a connecting rod 6, since a considerable amount of oil is carried by the connecting rods 6. In an internal combustion engine 1 with only one cylinder and consequently a connecting rod 6 so only one Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 would be provided. Optionally could be dispensed with individual connecting rods 6 and the attachment of a Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8.

Die Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 sind einteilig mit mehreren auch als Swirlpot bezeichneten Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 ausgebildet, in welche das von der Kurbelwelle 5 und den Pleueln 6 abgestreifte bzw. abgehobelte Öl eingeleitet und entschäumt wird. Die Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 und die Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 sind in Fig. 3 detaillierter dargestellt. Hieraus geht hervor, dass den Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 zusätzliche Abdeckelemente 10 zugeordnet sind, die vorzugsweise aus Blech ausgebildet sind und ein Zurückströmens von Öl aus der Ölwanne 7 in das Kurbelgehäuse 2 verhindern. Die Abdeckelemente 10 dienen außerdem zur Anbringung der Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 an dem Kurbelgehäuse 2. Dabei können zwischen den den Pleueln 6 zugeordneten Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 weitere, den Kurbelwangen der Kurbelwelle 5 zugeordnete Ölabstreifeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, um ein noch besseres Abstreifen von Öl zu erreichen.The Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 are integrally formed with a plurality of known as Swirlpot air-oil separation devices 9, in which the introduced from the crankshaft 5 and the connecting rods 6 stripped or planed oil is introduced and defoamed. The oil scrapers 8 and the air-oil separators 9 are in Fig. 3 shown in more detail. It follows that the Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 additional cover elements 10 are assigned, which are preferably formed of sheet metal and prevent backflow of oil from the oil pan 7 in the crankcase 2. The cover 10 also serve to attach the Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8 on the crankcase 2. It can be provided between the cones 6 associated Ölabstreifeinrichtungen 8, the crank webs of the crankshaft 5 associated Ölabstreifeinrichtungen to achieve even better stripping of oil.

Im vorliegenden Fall weist, wie in Fig. 4 erkennbar ist, jede Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 zwei Ölabstreiföffnungen 11 auf, die in Rotationsrichtung der Kurbelwelle 5 hintereinander angeordnet und an die mit einer Linie 6a bezeichnete Hüllkurve des Pleuels 6 bei dessen Bewegung angepasst sind. Von den beiden Ölabstreiföffnungen 11 führt jeweils ein sich verengender Kanal 12 zu der im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel jeder Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 zugeordneten Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 und tritt an einer jeweiligen Öleinlassöffnung 13 in die jeweilige Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 ein. Die Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 weisen im vorliegenden Fall ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 14 auf und ihre Längsachse 15 verläuft im wesentlichen parallel zu der Kurbelwelle 5.In the present case, as in Fig. 4 it can be seen, each Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 two Ölabstreiföffnungen 11, which are arranged one behind the other in the rotational direction of the crankshaft 5 and adapted to the designated with a line 6a envelope of the connecting rod 6 in its movement. Of the two Ölabstreiföffnungen 11 each leading a narrowing channel 12 to the assigned in the present embodiment each Ölabstreifeinrichtung 8 air-oil separator 9 and enters at a respective oil inlet opening 13 in the respective air-oil separator 9 a. The air-oil separation devices 9 have in the present case a substantially cylindrical housing 14 and its longitudinal axis 15 extends substantially parallel to the crankshaft. 5

In Fig. 4 ist des weiteren zu erkennen, dass die Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 eine im wesentlichen mittige, also auf der Längsachse 15 derselben angeordnete Luftabführleitung 16 aufweist, durch welche die aus dem Öl abgeschiedene Luft das Gehäuse 14 verlassen kann. Abhängig vom Durchmesser und der Länge des Gehäuses 14 sowie von dem zu erwartenden Volumenstrom des Öls kann sich die Luftabführleitung 16 mehr oder weniger tief in das Gehäuse 14 der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 erstrecken. Das in das Gehäuse 14 der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 eintretende Öl bewegt sich aufgrund der Zentrifugalkraft an der inneren Wandung des Gehäuses 14 entlang auf einer schraubenförmigen Bahn in Richtung einer der Luftabführleitung 16 gegenüberliegenden Ölauslassöffnung 17, die in Fig. 7 schematisch dargestellt ist. Die Bewegung des Öls in Richtung der Ölauslassöffnung 17 kann durch eine in Richtung zu derselben geneigte Ausgestaltung der Kanäle 12 unterstützt werden. Aufgrund der geringeren Dichte der Luft verlässt diese den zirkulierenden Ölstrom nach innen und kann aus diesem Grund durch die Luftabführleitung 16 austreten. Das Öl dagegen kann jede Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 an der Ölauslassöffnung 17 verlassen. Dabei ist die Ölauslassöffnung 17, wie in Fig. 7 zu erkennen, so angeordnet, dass sie sich in jedem Fahrzustand eines mit der Brennkraftmaschine 1 ausgestatteten Kraftfahrzeugs oberhalb eines in Fig. 7 angedeuteten Ölspiegels 18 in der Ölwanne 7 befindet. Gegebenenfalls könnte von den Auslassöffnungen 17 der einzelnen Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 auch noch eine weitere Leitung zu einer gemeinsamen Ölauslassöffnung geführt sein, die sich dann ebenfalls in jedem Fahrzustand des mit der Brennkraftmaschine 1 ausgestatteten Kraftfahrzeugs oberhalb des Ölspiegels 18 in der Ölwanne 7 befinden sollte. Je nach Fahrzeuglage, d.h., horizontal, bergauf, bergab oder seitlich schräg, ergeben sich in der Ölwanne 17 die in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ölspiegel 18.In Fig. 4 Furthermore, it can be seen that the air-oil separator 9 has a substantially central, so on the longitudinal axis 15 thereof arranged Luftabführleitung 16, through which the separated air from the oil can leave the housing 14. Depending on the diameter and the length of the housing 14 and on the expected volume flow of the oil, the air discharge line 16 may extend more or less deeply into the housing 14 of the air-oil separator 9. The entering into the housing 14 of the air-oil separator 9 oil moves due to the centrifugal force on the inner wall of the housing 14 along a helical path in the direction of the air discharge line 16 opposite oil outlet 17, which in Fig. 7 is shown schematically. The movement of the oil in the direction of the oil outlet opening 17 can be assisted by a design of the channels 12 inclined in the direction of the same. Due to the lower density of the air, this leaves the circulating oil flow inwards and can therefore escape through the air discharge line 16. The oil, however, can leave any air-oil separator 9 at the oil outlet 17. In this case, the oil outlet 17, as in Fig. 7 be seen, arranged so that they are in any driving condition of a vehicle equipped with the internal combustion engine 1 motor vehicle above a in Fig. 7 indicated oil level 18 is located in the oil pan 7. Optionally, from the outlet openings 17 of the individual air-oil separation devices 9, a further line could also be led to a common oil outlet opening, which then likewise in each driving state of the equipped with the internal combustion engine 1 motor vehicle should be above the oil level 18 in the oil pan 7. Depending on the vehicle position, ie, horizontal, uphill, downhill or sideways oblique, arise in the oil pan 17 in Fig. 7 shown oil level 18.

Fig. 7 zeigt des weiteren eine Saugöffnung 19, die durch mindestens einen Abstandhalter 20 vom Boden der Ölwanne 7 beabstandet ist. Über die Saugöffnung 19 saugt eine nicht dargestellte Ölpumpe das Schmieröl aus der Ölwanne 7 an und leitet es an die Schmierstellen innerhalb der Brennkraftmaschine 1 weiter. Die Saugöffnung 19 sollte sich in jedem Fahrzustand des Kraftfahrzeugs bzw. bei jeder Fahrzeuglage unterhalb des sich dabei einstellenden Ölspiegels 18 befinden. Fig. 7 further shows a suction opening 19, which is spaced by at least one spacer 20 from the bottom of the oil pan 7. Via the suction opening 19, an oil pump, not shown, sucks the lubricating oil from the oil pan 7 and forwards it to the lubrication points inside the internal combustion engine 1. The suction opening 19 should be in each driving state of the motor vehicle or at each vehicle position below the thereby adjusting oil level 18.

Die Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen eine alternative Ausführungsform der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9. Hierbei ist mehreren Ölabstreifvorrichtungen 8 eine gemeinsame Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtung 9 zugeordnet, die ebenfalls ein zylindrisches Gehäuse 14 aufweist, dessen Längsachse im wesentlichen parallel zu der Kurbelwelle 5 verläuft. Im vorliegenden Fall sind zwei Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 vorgesehen, die jeweils drei Pleueln 6 zugeordnet sind. Aufgrund des höheren zu erwartenden Ölvolumens ist das Volumen der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 größer als dasjenige der in Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform, gegenüber der die Ausführungsform von Fig. 5 und Fig. 6 eine einfachere Herstellung ermöglicht. Demgegenüber ist die Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 aufgrund der geringeren Volumina der Luft-Öl-Abscheideeinrichtungen 9 wirkungsvoller.The FIGS. 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of the air-oil separation devices 9. Here, a plurality of Ölabstreifvorrichtungen 8 is associated with a common air-oil separator 9, which also has a cylindrical housing 14 whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the crankshaft 5. In the present case, two air-oil separation devices 9 are provided, each associated with three connecting rods 6. Due to the higher expected volume of oil, the volume of the air-oil separators 9 is greater than that of in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment, compared to the embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 allows easier production. In contrast, the embodiment of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 due to the smaller volumes of air-oil separators 9 more effective.

Claims (7)

  1. Internal combustion engine (1) having a crankcase (2) in which a crankshaft (5) with at least one connecting rod (6) attached thereto is rotatably mounted, having devices for scraping oil from the rotating crankshaft (5), having an oil pan (7), which is arranged below the crankcase (2), for receiving the oil scraped off by the oil scraper devices, and having at least one air/oil separating device (9) for separating air from the returned oil, wherein the oil scraper devices (8) are formed in one piece with the at least one air/oil separating device (9) and are guided to an oil inlet opening (13) of the air/oil separating device (9), wherein at least one oil outlet opening (17) of the at least one air/oil separating device (9) is arranged so as to be situated above an oil level (18) in the oil pan (7) in all operating states of a motor vehicle equipped with the internal combustion engine (1),
    characterized in that
    each oil scraper device (8) is assigned to a connecting rod (6), and in that each oil scraper device (8) has two oil scraper openings (11) arranged in series in the rotational direction of the crankshaft (5), wherein a narrowing duct (12) leads from each oil scraper opening (11) to the air/oil separating device (9), and the at least one air/oil separating device (9) has a substantially cylindrical housing (14), and a central air discharge line (16) is arranged laterally on that end of said housing which faces towards the oil inlet opening (13), and the oil outlet opening (17) is arranged laterally on the other end of said housing.
  2. Internal combustion engine according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the longitudinal axis (15) of the air/oil separating device (9), about which the oil which is introduced rotates, runs substantially parallel to the crankshaft (5).
  3. Internal combustion engine according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the ducts (12) open tangentially into the air/oil separating device (9).
  4. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    each oil scraper device (8) is assigned an air/oil separating device (9).
  5. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    a plurality of oil scraper devices (8) are assigned a common air/oil separating device (9).
  6. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the crank webs of the crankshaft (5) are assigned respective additional oil scraper devices.
  7. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    shielding elements (10) for preventing the return flow of oil from the oil pan (7) into the crankcase (2) are arranged between the crankshaft (5) and the oil pan (7).
EP07010762A 2006-07-31 2007-05-31 Combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1892390B1 (en)

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US20080022964A1 (en) 2008-01-31
US7472675B2 (en) 2009-01-06
EP1892390A2 (en) 2008-02-27
JP2008032009A (en) 2008-02-14
EP1892390A3 (en) 2010-09-15
CN101117904A (en) 2008-02-06
CN101117904B (en) 2011-05-25
DE102006035888A1 (en) 2008-02-07

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