DE102011108170A1 - Motor vehicle has lubricant reservoir from which lubricant is supplied to contact pad provided between two mutually movable components of planetary gear by accelerating rotatable drive structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The motor vehicle (1) has a range extender (3) comprising a planetary gear (5) that couples an internal combustion engine (4) with an electric motor (6). An automatic lubrication system is provided in planetary gear. The lubrication system is provided with a lubricant reservoir from which lubricant is supplied to contact pad provided between two mutually movable components of planetary gear by accelerating a rotatable drive structure. An independent claim is included for method for lubrication of planetary gear.

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising a replaceable range extender, which has an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and a housing which surrounds at least one planetary gear, wherein the planetary gear coupled to the internal combustion engine and the electric machine and at least one sun gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear and a ring gear comprises. Furthermore, a method for lubricating a component of the range extender is proposed.

Motor vehicles with a replaceable range extender are state of the art. It is also known to couple in a range extender an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, preferably a generator, with a planetary gear. This goes for example from the DE 10 2009 036 444 A1 out. In order to lubricate the planetary gear with a motor lubricant complex lines are necessary. There may be provided an additional lubricant pump for the planetary gear, which causes the drive of the lubricant flow in the planetary gear. However, an additional lubricant pump requires additional energy for its operation and requires additional space and weight in the motor vehicle. The additional space with the additional weight of the lubricant pump causes possibly a larger external dimension of the entire vehicle, but at least the range extender, with the same useful volume and a greater total weight of the vehicle. Thus, an additional lubricant pump contributes to increased fuel consumption of the motor vehicle. If one dispenses with an additional lubricant pump for a planetary gear, a Tauchbadschmierung within the planetary gear is possible. From the DE 200 23 443 U1 2004.05.06 shows a planetary gear, in which the ring gear is at least partially filled with lubricant. In this case, there is the danger that the planetary gear generates splintering losses and causes such a high degree of foaming of the lubricant that can lead to the destruction of the bearings in the planetary gearbox. In addition, in a planetary gear with horizontal axis position and rotating ring gear no conventional immersion bath lubrication can be used because the internal components are difficult to lubricate with lubricant.

The object of the invention is to provide a lubricant supply of a planetary gear of a range extender of a motor vehicle, which has neither the disadvantages of Tauchbadschmierung, nor an additional weight and an additional space of an additional lubricant pump needed.

This object is achieved with a motor vehicle having the features of claim 1 and with a method having the features of claim 11. Further advantageous embodiments and features will become apparent from the respective dependent claims and the description below. In particular, one or more features of the independent and dependent claims may be supplemented and / or replaced by one or more features of the description.

A motor vehicle is proposed, which comprises a replaceable range extender, which has an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and a housing. The housing surrounds at least one planetary gear, wherein the planetary gear coupled to the engine and the electric machine with each other. The planetary gear comprises at least a sun gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear and a ring gear. The planetary gear has its own circulating lubrication system. The circulation lubrication system has a Hole system in a part of the housing for transporting a lubricant to at least one component of the planetary gear. Furthermore, a supply of the lubricant to a contact point between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear is provided. The rotary lubrication system further includes a rotating lubricant driving element for accelerating the lubricant, and the lubricant driving device is a component of the planetary gear.

By means of the special planetary gear a self - lubricating planetary gear with possible complete oil filling is created, that is no longer in danger, that the oil does not reach the places to be burned sufficiently. The planetary gear of the range extender of the vehicle couples an internal combustion engine with an electric machine. In a specific embodiment, the planetary gear coupling an internal combustion engine with a generator. Preferably, internal combustion engine, planetary gear and generator are arranged in series construction. The internal combustion engine may be a single-cylinder or multi-cylinder engine in a series or V arrangement. For a range extender, which is operated mainly at a constant speed, a connection of a generator via a planetary gear with a Wankel engine is particularly advantageous. In a particular embodiment, the electric machine is designed both as a generator and as an electric motor. The recirculating lubrication system forms a circulating lubricant flow which passes through a lubricant reservoir, a bore system in a portion of the housing and at least one component of the planetary gear. The circulation lubrication system has several lubricant circuits. The rotary lubrication system also includes a lubricant guide from a fixed part of the housing to a lubricant reservoir. Furthermore, the circulation lubrication system has a supply of the lubricant to a contact point between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear. The lubricant reservoir is preferably arranged above the axis of rotation of the planetary gear. The lubricant flows in this case gravitationally driven by the lubricant reservoir within the bore system to a contact point between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear. The circulation lubrication system has a rotating drive element for accelerating the lubricant. The rotating drive member has a surface for adhering and entraining the lubricant.

In a further embodiment, a planetary gear is provided which has a drive element with lubricant guides for guiding the lubricant in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element. The lubricant guides are, for example, drilled or milled into the drive element. However, the lubricant guides can also be formed into a powdery preform during sintering of the drive element. The lubricant guides are preferably arranged radially inside the drive element. Advantageously, the lubricant guides are also arranged arcuately in the drive element. The lubricant guides can also be arranged on the outer surface of the drive element. The lubricant guides preferably have branches, from which the lubricant can be continued to different locations.

A further embodiment has a planetary gear with a gap between a surface of a drive element for the lubricant and a surface of a stationary part of the planetary gear. The stationary part of the planetary gear is preferably a part of the housing. The gap is filled or fillable with the lubricant at least at one point of the gap progression. The gap has a gap thickness for entrainment of the lubricant along the gap by the drive element.

The gap is formed for example between a drive element of the lubricant and a part of the housing. The drive element may be a rotating ring gear, a rotating planet carrier or a rotating sun gear. The drive element may also be an element arranged on a rotating ring gear, sun gear or a rotating planet carrier. Preferably, the gap between one or more surfaces of the drive element, which are farthest from the pivot point of the drive element, and arranged a part of the housing.

The drive element according to one embodiment comprises two side surfaces which intersect the axis of rotation of the drive element and an outer circumferential surface which connects the two side surfaces with each other. The gap for entrainment of the lubricant is formed in one embodiment between a part or an entire outer surface and a part of the housing or a component arranged on the housing. In a further embodiment, the gap for entrainment of the lubricant is formed between a part of a side surface or a component arranged on the side surface and a part of the housing or a component arranged on the housing. The gap is preferably completely filled with the lubricant at least at one point. The drive element preferably has a surface with adhesive lubricant. The acceleration of the lubricant takes place, for example, via the friction of the lubricant on the rotating drive element. In one embodiment, in particular protruding geometries are arranged on the drive element along the circumferential direction of the rotating drive element on the outer surface or a side wall of the drive element. By means of these geometries, the lubricant can be transported. However, a peripheral surface may also have a closed or open structure which is such that the lubricant is entrained. For example, a surface may be roughened, smaller apertures or otherwise improved in liquid entrainment.

In a further embodiment, along the circumferential direction of the rotating drive element Mitnehmerschaufeln are arranged. The surfaces forming the gap have no patterns in one embodiment. In another embodiment, the surfaces forming the gap have patterns, preferably in the form of grooves, grooves, scales, crests or rhombuses. Further, pairing of a smooth surface without a surface pattern on the housing and a rougher surface having a surface pattern on the driving member or on a part disposed on the driving member may form a gap for carrying the lubricant. Furthermore, the gap along the direction of rotation change its cross section. Furthermore, changeable roughnesses of the surfaces forming the gap are provided along the direction of rotation according to a further development. Furthermore, an embodiment of a control device and a movable controllable surface is provided. To the Example is a sensor for measuring the lubricant level in the gap, for example, connected to the control unit. The movement of the controllable surface is then controlled via a control unit for changing the gap cross-section as a function of the measured lubricant level.

In a further embodiment, a range extender is provided in which the planetary gear and the electric machine are enclosed by a common housing. The common housing is connected for example via a vibration damper to the chassis of the motor vehicle. The common housing comprises according to one embodiment, at least two parts which are adapted to each other, the parts of the housing are preferably screwed together. The common housing can also enclose several planetary strips or planetary gears and an electric machine. Preferably, the common housing encloses a plurality of successively connected planetary gear, preferably a Simpson, Ravigneaux, Wilson, Lepelletier planetary gear set, and a generator. Furthermore, the housing may include maintenance flaps or maintenance accesses, for example, for a lubricant change.

In another embodiment, the range extender is to be designed so that the circulation lubrication system forms a closed within the planetary gear lubricant circuit. For this purpose, for example, there is no inlet and outlet for the lubricant through the housing for the supply or discharge of lubricant during operation of the range extender in or out of the housing. According to one embodiment, a lubricant drain plug for draining the lubricant and a lubricant filler neck for refilling individual lubricant channels and lubricant reservoirs with lubricant are provided during maintenance of the range extender in the housing.

In a development, a range extender is provided with a circulation lubrication system, wherein the circulation lubrication system is self-acting due to the acceleration of the lubricant by the drive element. In this case, the drive of the lubricant takes place exclusively via a transmission of the kinetic energy of a rotating element of the planetary gear to the lubricant.

The drive element may for example have one or two different types of drive for driving the lubricant. In one embodiment, the drive of the lubricant is provided via an acceleration of the lubricant in radial and tangential Kompenente to the drive element on the surface or within the drive element. In a further embodiment, a drive of the lubricant is provided via the adhesion of the lubricant to a surface of the drive element. In an advantageous embodiment, an interaction of the drive of the lubricant via an acceleration of the lubricant in radial and tangential Kompenente to the drive element on the surface or within the drive element and on the adhesion of the lubricant to a surface of the drive element is provided. Furthermore, for example, a drive of the lubricant via a negative pressure in the closed lubricant circuit is provided, which is effected by a pumping action of the rotating and the lubricant driving drive element. In the gap, a negative pressure is generated for this purpose, for example, via the movement of the lubricant. For the channel tapering channels are provided in the bore system. During the movement of the lubricant in the gap, the lubricant from the inflowing channels is likewise sucked into the gap and accelerated, for example, via the negative pressure in the gap. The drive element of the lubricant may be a component of the planetary gear such as a ring gear, a sun gear, a planetary carrier or a planetary gear. Further, the drive element of the lubricant may also be an element which is coupled to a ring gear, a sun gear, a planetary carrier or a planetary be. This element can for example be arranged fixed to a component of the planetary gear. However, this element can also be coupled for example via a gear with a component of the planetary gear.

In a further embodiment, the planetary gear is designed so that the circulation lubrication system comprises a scraper for stripping the lubricant from a movable part of the planetary gear, preferably from the drive element. In this case, for example, a guide element for guiding the lubricant from the scraper to a lubricant reservoir is provided. It is also possible that the scraper, a guide element and a lubricant reservoir are executed in one component. A scraper is preferably positioned at a distance of from about 1 to about 3 millimeters from a moving surface that carries the lubricant, preferably from the drive member. In one embodiment, the next point of the wiper to the drive element is part of a pointed geometry. In another embodiment, the next point of the scraper to the drive element is part of a circular geometry. For this purpose, for example, an opposite surface can be designed to be complementary. Preferably, the geometry of the scraper prevents accumulation of dirt and abrasion particles of the lubricant on the scraper.

In a further embodiment, the planetary gear is designed so that the surface geometry of the drive element to the surface geometry of the scraper is complementary. The surface geometry of the drive element is shaped to the surface geometry of the scraper so that the largest possible volume of lubricant can be stripped off. In this case, a large volume of lubricant can be achieved over a large surface of the scraper to which the lubricant adheres. Preferably, adhesion of the lubricant to a corrugated, serrated surface of the drive element is provided. Between individual waves or spikes of the surface, a formation of a lubricant film is provided, which is arrested, for example by means of the capillary effect on the drive element. The scraper has a surface which is adapted to the corrugations or points of the surface of the drive element, wherein a large part of the lubricating film adhering to the drive element due to capillary effects can be stripped off by the scraper. The scraper preferably has variable cross sections along the rotational movement of the drive element. Preferably, the distance from a surface of the scraper to the drive element decreases along the direction of rotation of the drive element. Preferably, the width of a surface of the scraper along the direction of rotation of the drive element increases.

In a further embodiment, the planetary gear is designed so that it has a rotatable ring gear, a rotatable sun gear, a housing-fixed planet carrier and a bore system in a part of the transmission housing for transporting the lubricant to the planet carrier. The planet carrier has a horizontal plane inclined first lubricant guide for guiding the lubricant from the planet carrier to the sun gear, and a second lubricant guide for guiding the lubricant from the planet carrier to a bearing of a planetary gear. The bearing of the planetary gear may be, for example, a needle bearing or a plain bearing. The rotatable sun gear is, for example, a first drive element of the planetary gear for driving the lubricant. The rotatable sun gear has lubricant guides for guiding the lubricant in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element. The rotatable sun gear is, for example, a second drive element and forms a gap between a part of its surface and a surface of a fixed part of the planetary gear.

According to a development, an inclined plane is present. The inclined to the horizontal plane of the Plantetenträger causes acceleration of the lubricant. By way of the speed of the lubricant absorbed thereby, it can be achieved, for example, that the lubricant reaches the planet gears and their bearings.

On the accelerated by the inclined plane lubricant surfaces of the planetary gear can be reached, for example, which are not completely covered with lubricant or form the outer, in particular movable boundaries or components of the lubricant circuit. The bore system has, for example, switchable lubricant guides, which can be closed or opened depending on the position of, for example, flaps or movable partitions for the lubricant circuit. Depending on the operating point of the planetary gear, which is dependent on the speed and the torque to be transmitted, for example, the switchable lubricant guides are switched on the lubricant circuit or separated from the lubricant circuit. Preferably, a sensor for measuring the lubricant level is arranged at a location of the circulation lubrication system and connected to a control unit. Furthermore, the flaps or the movable partitions can be controlled via the control unit. The control can be done for example via electric motors or electric valves. The control of the flaps or the movable partitions can be controlled via the control unit, for example. According to one embodiment, the control of the flaps or the movable partitions via the control unit in response to the measured lubricant level is controlled.

In a further embodiment, the planetary gear is provided with a catching device for collecting the moving away from the drive element lubricant. The catching device is connected, for example via a lubricant guide in a fixed part of the planetary gear with a contact point between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear, preferably a needle bearing of a planetary gear. The catcher is preferably positioned above the highest point of the ring gear for catching the lubricant thrown off the drive element, preferably from the rotating ring gear itself. The catcher has, for example, a catch plate for directing the collected lubricant to a lubricant reservoir by means of a lubricant guide, preferably a groove for example, a needle bearing or a sliding bearing of a planetary gear or other locations in the planetary gear housing.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for the circulation lubrication of a planetary gear of a range extender of Motor vehicle proposed, wherein a rotating drive element of the planetary gear accelerated within the incorporated in the drive element lubricant guides a lubricant on the rotational movement in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element.

For example, the lubricant is directed into the sun gear via the lubricant guides in the planetary carrier and an outlet formed, for example, like a spout of the planetary carrier. The lubricant supplied to the sun gear is directed to the lubricant guides of the sun gear by the rotation of the sun gear and the centrifugal acceleration of the lubricant thus generated. Within the lubricant guides, the lubricant is accelerated in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element. The lubricant lubricates the outer toothing of the sun gear as it exits the lubricant guides. Furthermore, the lubricant lubricates the internal teeth of the planetary gears when exiting the lubricant guides.

According to a further aspect of the invention, which may also be independent of the above, a method is provided in which a first portion of the lubricant in contact with a rotating drive element of the planetary gear has a second one not directly in contact with the rotating drive element Proportion of lubricant accelerated shear-induced. For example, the first portion of the lubricant adheres to the rotating drive member of the planetary gear. This adherent first portion of the lubricant contacts at a boundary surface a second portion of the lubricant which is not directly in contact with the rotating lubricant. The second portion of the lubricant has a lower absolute speed than the absolute speed of the first portion of the lubricant. At the interface, a difference in the absolute speed of the first portion of the lubricant to the second portion of the lubricant and, due to the viscosity of the lubricant, a shear force which accelerates the second portion of the lubricant.

The acceleration of the lubricant is preferably at least approximately directly proportional to the viscosity of the lubricant. The viscosity of the lubricant decreases with decreasing temperature. The method provides for temperature control or regulation of the lubricant using a temperature sensor and a controller. With the help of the control unit, for example, the mass flow of the lubricant is controlled or regulated via switchable lubricant guides. The controllable mass flow can be used to set the cooling effect of the lubricant and the temperature of the lubricant. Furthermore, it is provided, for example, that with a heating of the lubricant and an associated increasing viscosity of the lubricant, a decreasing removal of the lubricant in the gap leads to a descending lubricant level. This can, for example, cause the wetted by the lubricant surface of the drive element increases. However, this can also increase, for example, the removal of the lubricant in the gap. The surface shape of the drive element in the gap between the drive element and a stationary part of the planetary gear is adapted for example to the dependence of the viscosity curve of the lubricant over the temperature. Thus, different areas may have different surfaces that provide different friction conditions. The surface shape of the drive element in the gap between the drive element and a stationary part of the planetary gear is smooth according to an embodiment; in a further embodiment, this is, for example, corrugated.

Thus, for example, the following has been found: With the same level of lubricant in the gap, a corrugated surface on the side surfaces of the drive element in the gap between the drive element and a fixed part of the planetary gear increases the surface at which the second portion of the lubricant is accelerated, thus increasing the mass flow the lubricant in the gap compared to a smooth surface of the drive element. The surface of the side surfaces of the drive element may also have grooves, crests or scales.

In a further embodiment of the invention, which is also traceable independently of the other thoughts, a method is provided in which a volume flow of a lubricant is controlled within the planetary gear via a change in a cross section of a drain hole. The drain hole is connected to a lubricant reservoir. If the cross section of the drain hole is increased, the intermediate stored lubricant quantity is reduced and increased lubricant flow rate. The cross section of the drain hole is changed, for example, by the displacement of a partition wall. In a further embodiment, the cross-section of the drain hole is changed by changing an angle of a flap in the drain hole. The displacement of the partition or the change in angle of the flap is preferably controlled by an electric motor and a control unit. In another embodiment, the displacement of the partition or the angular change of the flap is effected via a change of a pressure in an adjacent lubricant guide, wherein the change of the pressure a change in the force on an adjusting mechanism for moving the partition or for changing the angle of the flap in the drain hole caused. The drainage hole of the lubricant reservoir is preferably connected to the bore system via a lubricant guide.

A development of the method provides for closing a drain hole, for example a few seconds before the range extender is switched off. The lubricant reservoir fills in the last seconds of operation of the range extender. A few milliseconds before starting the range extender, the drain hole is then opened. For example, by draining the lubricant reservoir that is filled at that time, the lubricant reaches a higher velocity within the lubricant guides in the bore system and planet carrier compared to lubricant velocities at the beginning of the range extender operation a few seconds after the range extender is started without a filled lubricant reservoir , For example, moving the lubricant at a higher speed causes rapid lubrication of the moving components just prior to and during startup of the range extender.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided to achieve a reduction of the rolling moment of the range extender via a counter-rotating to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine generator. The generator is coupled via the planetary gear with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. The mass moment of inertia of the generator is used in this method to compensate for the rotational nonuniformity of the internal combustion engine of the range extender. This method reduces the necessary support moments of the attachment device of the range extender and the amount of necessary flywheel. To implement the reduction of the rolling moment is within the scope of this disclosure to the full content of DE 10 2010 025 002 referred to the applicant.

Further advantageous embodiments and developments will become apparent from the following figures. The following figures show an embodiment of a planetary gear. However, the details and features resulting from the individual figures are not limited to this respective figure or the embodiment. Rather, one or more features may be linked to new features with one or more features from different figures as well as features resulting from the above description. In particular, the following statements do not serve as limitations of the respective scope, but explain individual features and their possible interaction with each other. Show it:

1 a sketch of a motor vehicle with a range extender

2 a sketch of the range extender with an internal combustion engine, a planetary gear and an electric machine,

3 a front view of the housing of the range extender,

4 a cross section through a housing of a range extender 3 along the section line AA,

5 a spatial external view of a housing of a planetary gear,

6 an exploded view of the housing and the planetary gear 5 .

7 a side view of the housing of the planetary gear 5 .

8th a cross-section of the housing 7 and the planetary gear along the cutting line EE,

9 a front view of the housing of the planetary gear 5 .

10 a view of the housing and the planetary gear 9 along the section BB,

11 a front view of the housing of the planetary gear 5 .

12 a cross section through the housing of the planetary gear 11 , by the planetary gear and the motor shaft of the internal combustion engine along the chute line AA,

13 a spatial view of the housing of the planetary gear,

14 a spatial front and rear view of the planet carrier,

15 a schematic representation of mutually complementary surface geometries of a scraper and a drive element.

1 shows a schematic view of a motor vehicle 1 with a range extender 2 , The range extender 2 can be between the front and the rear axle of the motor vehicle 1 be arranged. The range extender 2 can also be behind the Rear axle to be used in the trunk area in another embodiment is the range extender 2 used in front of the front axle. The range extender 2 is interchangeable in the motor vehicle 1 used. Preferably, the range extender 2 so in the vehicle 1 used that the rotation axis of the range extender 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle 1 is directed.

2 shows a schematic view of the range extender 3 with an internal combustion engine 4 , a planetary gear 5 and an electric machine 6 , The electric machine 6 In one embodiment, it is a generator. The internal combustion engine 4 , the planetary gear 5 and the electric machine 6 are arranged in a row construction. The planetary gear 5 and the electric machine 6 are from a housing 7 enclosed. The arrow 8th shows the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine 4 at. The arrow 9 shows the direction of rotation of the electric machine 6 at. The planetary gear is with a motor shaft 10 connected

3 shows a front view of a housing 11 a part of the example range extender. A front side 12 of the housing 11 has several ribs 13 for increasing the rigidity, for vibration damping and / or for reducing the noise emission. Ribs 13 of the housing 11 For example, increase the strength of the housing 11 ,

4 shows a cross section through a housing 14 part of the range extender 3 along the section line AA. The housing 14 The range extender has several housing parts. A first housing part 15 is the front of the case 14 , a second housing part 16 is the housing of the generator 17 , a third housing part 18 is a first housing part of the housing of the planetary gear 19 , a fourth housing part 20 is a second housing part of the housing of the planetary gear and a fifth housing part 21 represents the intake for a motor shaft 22 dar. All housing parts of the housing 14 are with the help of screw connections 23 screwed together and form a coherent housing 14 a structural unit. The embodiment of the recording of the motor shaft, the planetary gear and the generator in a common housing 14 as a structural unit, for example, has advantages in manufacturing, assembly and vibration and noise behavior during operation of the range extender.

5 shows a spatial external view of the housing 30 of the planetary gear. The housing encloses lubricant all components of the planetary gear.

6 shows an exploded view of the housing and the planetary gear 5 , It is a motor shaft 31 , a driver toothing 32 on the motor shaft 31 , a gear-side drive teeth 33 , one with the driver toothing 33 firmly connected sun gear 34 , Planetary gears 35 , a housing-fixed planet carrier 36 , a lock sheet 37 for lubricant channels in the planet carrier 36 a ring gear fixedly connected to the rotor of the generator 38 , a gearbox 39 with a first lubricant catching device 40 and a second lubricant catching device 41 , a lubricant trap 42 , a generator-side housing cover 43 and a motor-side housing cover 44 , which is flanged to the engine, shown.

7 shows a side view of the housing 45 of the planetary gear 5 , The housing 45 has an access 46 to refill the lubricant. Access 46 is preferably closed by means of a screw or a stopper.

8th shows a cross section of the housing 50 out 7 and the planetary gear along the cutting line EE with the directions of the lubricant movements within the housing and the planetary gear. The directions of lubricant movement are indicated by arrows. An arrow pointing into the plane of the drawing is represented by a cross. An arrow pointing to the plane of the drawing is represented by a dot. All components which cause a lubricant movement or a change of a lubricant movement form a circulation lubrication system 49 , One from the ring gear 51 centrifuged first portion of the lubricant 52 , second part of the lubricant 53 and a third portion of the lubricant 54 is from a first safety gear 55 , a second safety gear 56 and a third safety gear 57 guided and in a first lubricant reservoir 74 and a second lubricant reservoir 75 collected. From the first lubricant reservoir 74 and the second lubricant reservoir 75 becomes a first portion of the lubricant 52 and a second portion of the lubricant 53 via a bore system with lubricant guides to a first opening 58 and to a second opening 59 in the planet carrier 60 guided. From the openings 58 and 59 becomes a fourth portion of the lubricant 65 and a fifth portion of the lubricant 66 via a first lubricant guide 61 and a second lubricant guide 62 to a first hollow axis 63 and a second hollow axle 64 directed by a first and a second planetary gear. A sixth share 67 and a seventh share 68 of the lubricant are via a third lubricant guide 69 directed to the sun wheel. The sun wheel becomes that Lubricant passed through the outer teeth of the sun gear and the planet gears to the internal teeth of the ring gear. The points of contact between the external toothing of the sun gear and the external toothing of a planetary gear form a contact point 76 between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear. Much of the lubricant, which does not adhere to the moving components of the planetary gear, collects in a gap 70 ,

The gap 70 has at least one section filled with lubricant 71 on. The lubricant in the gap 70 is accelerated by a shearing force. The shear is in the section 71 acting from a first portion of the lubricant in contact with the ring gear to a second portion of the lubricant not in direct contact with the ring gear. In a portion not completely filled with lubricant, a portion of the lubricant not in direct contact with the ring gear is accelerated, for example via an air shear flow. The first part of the lubricant 52 is from a first scraper 72 diverted and the third portion of the lubricant 54 is from a second scraper 73 diverted. The second part of the lubricant 53 is from a catcher 56 collected. In this embodiment, the ring gear 51 and the sun gear each have a rotating drive element 77 and 78 of the circulation lubrication system 49 ,

9 shows a front view of the housing of the planetary gear 5 ,

10 shows a view of the housing and the planetary gear 9 along the section BB. The lubricant is starting from the first lubricant reservoir 80 the first catching device 55 via a bore system 81 to the sun wheel 82 guided. The lubricant gets inside lubricant guides of the bore system 81 For example, accelerated due to gravity. From the lubricant guides of the bore system 81 the lubricant enters a lubricant guide 87 of the planet carrier 83 , Inside the planet carrier 83 gets the lubricant from the opening 58 , which are at one end 88 the lubricant guide 87 located, for example due to gravity to the spout 84 to the sun wheel 82 guided. A closure sheet 85 prevents leakage of the lubricant to the ring gear 86 ,

11 shows a front view of the housing of the planetary gear 5 and a cutting BB.

12 shows a cross section through the housing of the planetary gear 11 through the planetary gear and the motor shaft of the internal combustion engine along the chopping line AA. The second part of the lubricant 53 is from the catcher 56 captured. The catcher 56 has a catch plate 90 , The from the catch plate 90 captured second portion of the lubricant 53 is via a lubricant guide 91 , preferably a groove, in the housing 20 of the planetary gear to the needle bearing 92 led a planetary gear. That over the spout 93 The sun gear supplied lubricant is, for example, via the rotation of the sun gear and the centrifugal forces generated on the lubricant by radial holes 95 driven. About the passage of the lubricant through the radial holes 95 the lubricant reaches the outer toothing 96 of the sun wheel 94 , on the external teeth 97 the planet gears and the internal teeth 98 of the ring gear.

13 shows a spatial view of the housing 100 of the planetary gear. The housing has a lubricant supply groove 101 to the overhead planetary gear on. From a hole 102 the lubricant passes from the lubricant reservoir 103 in the planet carrier.

14 shows a spatial front and rear view of the planet carrier 105 , The planet carrier has a lubricant guide 106 on. The lubricant guide 106 is over the lock plate 85 locked. A first opening 107 and a second opening 108 are about lubricant guides of the bore system 81 supplied with lubricant.

15 shows a schematic representation of complementary surface geometries of a first scraper 110 , a second scraper 111 and a third scraper 112 to the surface geometries of a first drive element 116 , a second drive element 117 and a third drive element 118 , A surface geometry of the first scraper 113 , a surface geometry of the second scraper 114 and a surface geometry of the third scraper 115 is in each case to a surface geometry of the first drive element 119 , to a surface geometry of the second drive element 120 and to a surface geometry of the third drive element 121 complementary. For example, the surface geometry of a scraper includes surface geometry 111 outstanding surface element 122 on, which is a projecting into the surface geometry of the drive element surface element 123 assigned.

Preferably, the surface geometry of a scraper exclusively from the surface outstanding surface elements, each one in the surface geometry of the Drive element are associated with projecting surface element. The surface geometry of the respective scraper 113 . 114 . 115 is with the surface geometry of the respective drive element 119 . 120 . 121 For example, without an inclusion of cavities merge.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009036444 A1 [0002]
• DE 20023443 U1 [0002]
• DE 102010025002 [0029]

Claims (14)

Motor vehicle ( 1 ) comprising a replaceable range extender ( 2 ), which an internal combustion engine ( 4 ), an electric machine ( 6 ) and a housing ( 39 ), which at least one planetary gear ( 5 ), wherein the planetary gear ( 5 ) the internal combustion engine ( 4 ) and the electric machine ( 6 ) and at least one sun gear ( 34 ), a planet carrier ( 36 ), a planetary gear ( 35 ) and a ring gear ( 38 ), characterized in that the planetary gear ( 5 ) own circulation lubrication system ( 49 ), which has a lubricant reservoir ( 74 ), a bore system ( 81 ) in a part of the housing ( 39 ) for transporting a lubricant to at least one component of the planetary gear ( 5 ), a supply of the lubricant to a contact point ( 76 ) between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear ( 5 ) and a rotating drive element ( 78 ) for the lubricant that is part of the planetary gear ( 5 ), for accelerating the lubricant. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive element ( 78 ) Lubricant guides for guiding the lubricant in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element ( 78 ) having. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the planetary gear ( 5 ) of the motor vehicle ( 1 ) a gap ( 70 ) between a surface of a drive element ( 78 ) and a surface of a stationary part of the planetary gear ( 5 ), preferably a surface of the housing ( 39 ), the gap ( 70 ) is filled at least at one point of the gap profile with the lubricant and a gap thickness for entrainment of the lubricant along the gap ( 70 ) by the drive element ( 78 ) having. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planetary gear ( 5 ) and the electric machine ( 6 ) of a common housing ( 39 ) are enclosed. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circulation lubrication system ( 49 ) one within the planetary gear ( 5 ) forms closed lubricant circuit. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circulation lubrication system ( 49 ) due to the acceleration of the lubricant by the drive element ( 78 ) is automatic. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circulation lubrication system ( 49 ) a scraper ( 72 ) for stripping the lubricant from a movable part of the planetary gear ( 5 ), preferably by the drive element ( 78 ), having. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the surface geometry ( 119 ) of the drive element ( 78 ) to the surface geometry ( 113 ) of the scraper ( 72 ) is complementary. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planetary gear ( 5 ) of the motor vehicle ( 1 ) a rotatable ring gear ( 38 ), a rotatable sun gear ( 34 ), a housing-fixed planet carrier ( 36 ) and a bore system ( 81 ) in a part of the housing ( 39 ) for transporting the lubricant to the planet carrier ( 36 ), wherein the planet carrier ( 36 ) inclined to the horizontal plane first lubricant guide ( 61 ) and a second lubricant guide ( 62 ) for guiding the lubricant from the planet carrier ( 36 ) to a first bearing and a second bearing of a planetary gear ( 35 ), and a third lubricant guide ( 69 ) for guiding the lubricant from the planet carrier ( 36 ) to the sun wheel ( 34 ) having. Motor vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planetary gear ( 5 ) a catching device ( 56 ) for catching up with the drive element ( 78 ) moving lubricant and the catching device ( 56 ) via a lubricant guide ( 91 ) in a fixed part of the planetary gear ( 5 ) with a contact point between two mutually movable parts of the planetary gear ( 5 ), preferably a needle bearing ( 92 ) of a planetary gear ( 35 ), connected is. Method for circulation lubrication of a planetary gear ( 5 ) of a range extender ( 2 ) of a motor vehicle ( 1 ) characterized in that a rotating drive element ( 78 ) of the planetary gear ( 5 ) within of the drive element ( 78 ) incorporated lubricant guides, preferably radial bores ( 95 ), a lubricant via the rotational movement in a direction away from the pivot point of the drive element ( 78 ) speeds up. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that one with a rotating drive element ( 78 ) of the planetary gear ( 5 ) in contact first portion of the lubricant not directly with the rotating drive element ( 78 ) accelerated sheared induced in the second portion of the lubricant in contact. A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a volume flow of a lubricant within the planetary gear ( 5 ) is controlled via a change in a cross section of a drain hole. A method according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that a reduction of the rolling moment of the range extender ( 2 ) via one to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine ( 4 ) counter-rotating generator, which via the planetary gear ( 5 ) with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine ( 4 ) is coupled.

Images