Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
  • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
  • E04B1/7612—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
  • E04B1/7616—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space with insulation-layer locating devices combined with wall ties

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cavity wall in a building structure, said cavity wall comprising an inner wall, an outer wall comprising a brick wall, a cavity between the inner and outer walls, insulation slabs mounted against the inner wall inside said cavity, and a plurality of wall anchors each having a first end mounted on the inner wall and a second end moulded into a mortar in the outer wall, whereby said wall anchors are bridging the cavity for fixing the insulation slabs to the inner wall and binding the outer wall to the inner wall, wherein the wall anchors are formed in a metal sheet material with a substantially vertical mounting flange at its first end, an outer tip at the second end and a bridging portion between said two ends, wherein the bridging portion is provided with a plate-like portion with projections for gripping the insulation slabs on each side of an elongated portion.
• a wall anchor and a cavity wall of such kind are known from WO 2005/021883.
• a wall anchor is disclosed which is made of a sheet material that is cut into a blank and mounting portions, i.e. the mounting flange and the insulation gripping projections are bent out of the plane.
• This wall anchor is mounted on the inner wall after it has been raised, preferably together with fitting the insulation slabs.
• the outer tip of the wall anchor is moulded into the mortar between the bricks during the raising of the outer wall.
• GB-A-2 111 095 disclosed a wall anchor made of a sheet material which is cut into a blank and the insulation gripping projections are bent out of the plane.
• This wall tie is moulded into the mortar between the bricks during the raising of the inner wall.
• the outer tip is moulded into the mortar between the bricks during the raising of the outer wall.
• This wall tie is only useable when the cavity wall includes an inner wall made of bricks that are stacked with an adhesive mortar in between.
• this wall tie must also be bended to fit into the mortar layer between two brick layers. This could cause the insulation boards to be bended or dislocated.
• wall ties are used to connect the inner and outer wall in order to stabilise the housing wall.
• Wall anchors are made of metal, plastic or a combination thereof and they may have different shapes, e.g. rod-like or flat plates.
• insulation boards are provided. These boards are supported by the wall ties in the cavity.
• the wall ties consist of transverse pins, e.g. wire pieces, which are fixed to the inner wall during its construction. The insulation boards are then positioned between these protruding wires or mounted by penetrating the wires through the insulation board.
• the wall ties also constitute thermal bridges in the thermally insulated cavity wall construction, and from this perspective, as few wall anchors as possible is preferred, just as fewer wall anchors reduces the building costs involved, and the installation time is shorter.
• a cavity wall of the initially mentioned kind wherein at least one longitudinal rib is provided in the bridging portion, said rib projecting out of at least the elongated portion of the plate-like bridging portion.
• the insulation slabs in the cavity wall may be securely mounted in their right positions by mounting the wall anchors to the finished inner wall during the insulation mounting operation.
• the wall anchors When using a wall anchor according to the invention with a reinforcing rib, the wall anchors have superior bending resistance when mounted. This result in fewer wall anchors needed to achieve the required tie strength between the inner and outer walls. Thereby, the loss in thermal insulation due to the wall anchors is reduced just as the operation is faster as less wall anchors are to be mounted. This leads to a reduction in the building costs of raising a cavity wall according to the invention.
• a cavity wall In a preferred embodiment of a cavity wall according to the invention, three, preferably two or less wall anchors per square meter are provided. It is found that with a wall anchor according to the invention, a cavity wall meeting the required strength may be provided in both urban and rural areas in buildings of up to approx. 10 meters or even 12 meters in height. The exact number of wall anchors per square meter will usually depend on the location and the height of the building. In practise, it is found that an average of 1.4 wall anchors per square meter is normally sufficient, but for buildings with particular wind load, the average is approx. 2.0-2.5 wall anchors per square meter.
• the wall anchors may be mounted with a substantially horizontal and/or vertical orientation of the plate-like portion.
• the wall anchors according to the invention may be provided in either horizontally or vertically, extra strength may be provide and where extra wall anchors can be eliminated, which otherwise would be needed to secure the insulation slabs around openings in the wall, e.g. for doors and windows.
• the wall anchor may advantageously be mounted in vertical position at the top of the building, where the top edge of the top row of insulation slabs otherwise cannot be supported by this type of anchor because of the insulation holding means penetrating into the insulation. Therefore, the wall anchor is placed between the neighbouring slabs in a vertical position. Because the wall anchor outer part has to be fixed within the horizontal mortar layer between the bricks this outer portion has to be twisted in order to be able to do so.
• the wall anchors are preferably mounted on the inner wall by an elongated fastener mounted through a mounting hole in the wall anchors, which is positioned centrally on at the base of the mounting flange.
• the mounting hole is positioned on the mounting flange close to the bend line dividing the mounting flange and the bridging portion.
• Appropriate mounting tools are preferably used to shoot an elongated fastener, such as a dowel, into the inner wall for fixing the wall anchor to the inner wall.
• the insulation slabs are fixed at their peripheral regions, e.g. bottom and top regions, by a series of insulation holding members, where said holding member are positioned on insulation edge region and fixed to the inner wall by elongated fasteners which are penetrated through a mounting hole in the holding member and through the underlying the insulation slab.
• the insulation is properly fixed also along the edge regions in the cavity wall.
• a series of fibrous insulation bricks having a relative high density may be provided on the foot of the inner wall for supporting the insulation slabs. Often a line of bricks are provided on the foot of the inner wall for supporting the insulation.
• a thermal bridge through the cavity wall may be eliminated.
• the outer tip of the wall anchor is provided with retention buckles, such as generally transversely orientated ribs relative to the orientation of the elongated portion.
• retention buckles such as generally transversely orientated ribs relative to the orientation of the elongated portion.
• the at least one rib on the wall anchor is formed in the centre line of the elongated portion of the bridging portion.
• a simple distribution of the forces applied to the outer tip is transferred to the mounting flange and to the inner wall, and the risk of bending the wall anchor if it is to absorb a high load is reduced.
• the wall anchor is preferably formed with at least two elongated ribs that are formed in a row with a bendable and/or twistable portion therebetween.
• the wall anchor may then be bended or twisted with an appropriate tool.
• the wall anchor may be bend and/or twisted by hand, e.g. in the manipulating bendable/twistable portion between the elongated ribs.
• Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cavity wall
• Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of an inner wall of a cavity wall with insulation slabs mounted thereon according to an embodiment of the invention
• Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of an inner wall with insulation slabs mounted thereon by wall anchors;
• Figure 4 shows the mounting of a wall anchor to an inner wall as shown in fig. 3;
• Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of a wall anchor according to the invention.
• Figures 6 to 8 show various adaptations of the wall anchor in fig. 5 for mounting.
• a cavity wall includes an inner wall 1, and outer wall 2 and a cavity 3 there between.
• a layer of insulation slabs 4 are fitted to the inner wall 1 by a number of wall anchors 5.
• the wall anchors 5 comprise a first mounting end 6 and an outermost second end 7 which is moulded into the mortar between the bricks of the outer wall 2.
• Each wall anchor 5 is mounted by a fastener 10, e.g. a dowel, which is threaded through a mounting hole 15 and shot into the wall by special tooling equipment (see fig. 4).
• the wall anchors 5 may be mounted for holding the insulation slabs 4 in both a vertical position and a horizontal position.
• the need for mounting the wall anchor in a vertical position may be at the top of the building, where the top edge of the top row of insulation slabs cannot be supported by this type of wall anchor because of the insulation holding means 12 penetrating into the insulation. Therefore, the wall anchor is placed between the neighbouring slabs in a vertical position. Because the wall anchor part has to be fixed within the horizontal mortar layer between the bricks it has to be twisted in order to be able to do so.
• the insulation slabs 4 are supported by a row of fibrous insulation bricks 9 arranged along the foot of the inner wall 1.
• This fibrous insulation brick 9 is preferably made of a fibrous insulation material with a high density.
• the insulation slabs 4 are fixed to the inner wall 1 by a series of holding members 8 that are fixed through the insulation 4 to the inner wall 1 by fasteners 10, e.g. dowels, whereby the holding members 8 are mounted in the same manner as the wall anchors 5 using the same type of fasteners 10 as used for mounting the wall anchors 5.
• edge fix means may preferably also be used for fixating the insulation slabs.
• the wall anchor 5 is formed in a sheet material and includes a first end 6 facing the inner wall 1 and a second end 7 projecting out between the insulation slabs 4. This second end 7 is formed with an outer tip 13.
• a mounting flange 11 is formed by an upward bended mounting portion 11 which is provided with a mounting hole 15, which is provided in proximity to the bending line, hi the intermediate portion 14 between the outer tip 13 and the mounting flange 11, projections 12 for gripping the insulation slabs 4 are formed.
• the wall anchor 5 is positioned for mounting an insulation slab 4 to the inner wall 1 with the mounting flange 11 against the inner wall 1 and lowered, so the downward pointing projection 12 penetrates into the upper side of the insulation slab 4.
• the wall anchor 5 is then secured to the inner wall 1 by a mounting tool 16, which is provided with an elongated tube in which the fastener dowel 10 (see fig. 1) is placed and forced into the inner wall 1 through the mounting hole 15 on the wall anchor 5 by the mounting tool 16.
• the wall anchor 5 is formed from a blank cut out of a sheet of steel material, preferably a steel sheet with a thickness of 1 mm. The blank is bent into the desired shape of the wall anchor 5.
• a mounting flange 11 is formed by bending a portion to a generally vertical position. In this mounting flange 11 a mounting hole 15 is provided.
• the mounting flange extends into a bridging base portion 20 of a plate-like shape which rests against the insulation slab below and supports the above insulation slab.
• the base portion 20 extends into an elongated intermediate portion 14 with two pointed projections 12 on each side thereof, where one projection is pointing downwards and the other upwards.
• the elongated portion 14 is provided with a first rib 16, which protrude out of the generally planar bridging portion 20 and elongated portion 14. hi this embodiment, this first rib 16 is followed by a second rib 17 with a bending portion 18 between the two ribs 16, 17, so that the wall anchor 5 may be bend (see fig. 6) or twisted (see fig. 7 or 8) in this region, which is positioned in a distance from the mounting flange 11 which generally corresponds to the thickness of the insulation slabs.
• the wall anchor 5 is provided with an outer tip 13, which is provided with V-shaped or C- shaped retention buckles 19 for providing a firm grip when sandwiched in the mortar between two brick layers.
• the insulation slabs used in a cavity wall according to the invention is preferably dual density fibrous insulation slabs. This facilitates the fixing of the insulation slabs.
• the insulation slabs are provided in standard sizes, e.g. 120x80 cm or 60x80 cm.
• the wall anchor 5 is described in relation to a horizontal position.
• directional terms e.g. vertical, upwards and downwards is merely to be understood as relative terms, as it is realised that the wall anchor may be provided with other general orientations without departing from the scope of the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Dowels (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2006
  • 2006-03-20 EA EA200702308A patent/EA011371B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-03-20 PL PL06723788T patent/PL1880063T3/pl unknown
  • 2006-03-20 UA UAA200713151A patent/UA89231C2/uk unknown
  • 2006-03-20 ES ES06723788T patent/ES2386458T3/es active Active
  • 2006-03-20 WO PCT/EP2006/002819 patent/WO2006114177A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2006-03-20 DK DK06723788.3T patent/DK1880063T3/da active
  • 2006-03-20 AT AT06723788T patent/ATE555257T1/de active
  • 2006-03-20 EP EP06723788A patent/EP1880063B1/de not_active Not-in-force

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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