EP1877625A1

EP1877625A1 - Elongated device for maritime and waterway planning and production method thereof

Info

Publication number: EP1877625A1
Application number: EP06743840A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Olivier Artieres; Francis Derache; Michel Dunand
Original assignee: France Maccaferri; TenCate Geosynthetics France
Current assignee: France Maccaferri; TenCate Geosynthetics France
Priority date: 2005-04-26
Filing date: 2006-04-25
Publication date: 2008-01-16
Also published as: WO2006114547A1; TW200702525A; PE20061470A1; FR2884839A1; FR2884839B1; AP2007004216A0; AR056981A1; RU2007143561A; RU2432431C2; NO20075586L

Abstract

The invention relates to an elongated device consisting of at least one tube comprising a water-permeable inner tubular casing for retaining a filler material and to the production method of said device. The device is characterised in that it also comprises an outer lattice-forming casing (net, grille, mesh, etc.) which surrounds the aforementioned inner casing. The invention is suitable for a dike, a quay, a jetty, a breakwater, a groin, an artificial reef or a bank reinforcement.

Description

Longitudinal device for maritime and river developments and its manufacturing process

The invention relates to a device for maritime and river developments, in particular the fight against sea and river erosion, in particular an elongate device comprising at least one tube comprising a tubular inner envelope which is permeable to water and which retains a water-resistant material. filling. By tube is meant a longitudinal element having any size and any shape of section, this section being able to vary substantially in shape and dimension along the length of the element.

In the field of marine and hydraulic engineering, there are many devices to fight against erosion that is caused by the action of waves, tides, currents and other water movements.

To avoid the consequences of erosion, ie loss of soil surface, scouring or collapse of structures, different preventive devices are used to reduce the forces of water acting on eroding structures. . These devices can be used in the fight against silting.

Among these preventive devices, tubes filled with a filling material are used, the wall of the tube being made of a material usually permeable to water and impervious to the filling material, the size of the pores of the wall being chosen. Consequently.

In particular, these tubes are usually made using a material (geo) textile optionally closed by a seam, one or more openings for filling the tube by hydraulic means with the filling material, in particular sand, while the water escapes in particular through the geotextile wall.

EP 0 364 059 and WO 97 29246 have such a structure.

Also, water is sometimes used as a tube filling material delimiting several chambers (patent EP 1344869). Conventionally, these tubes are associated with an additional protection which, according to the desired use, constitutes an element anti-scour, a support, a stop or a coating. This additional protection is generally constituted by stones, concrete blocks, gabions ... arranged in one or more layers. There are also anti-scouring protections made up of tubes of smaller diameter than that of the tube to be protected and connected to the main tube by a textile.

Also, the structure formed by this (s) tube (s) of the prior art is likely to be damaged over time. Thus, under the hydraulic forces exerted, the tube or tubes can move. In addition, these tubes are sensitive to vandalism or impact perforation which can occur due to the impact of solid objects striking the tubes, such as pebbles or debris, when they are driven by the flow of a rivers or waves, especially by the sea. In addition, these tubes are sometimes found stripped. Indeed, the aforementioned additional protection can be moved, partially or totally, especially when larger and stronger currents occur and / or the water level varies. In this case, the direct vision of these tubes can be detrimental to the aesthetics of the place considered.

The present invention aims to provide a device, and its manufacturing method, to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular offering the possibility of providing sufficient mechanical protection and stability, while being able to implemented easily at least partially in water.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of having lifting and guiding means facilitating its installation, and which also makes it possible to ensure a mechanical link or to create a structure of monolithic shape from the tube. For this purpose, according to the present invention, the device is characterized in that it further comprises an outer envelope forming a lattice and surrounding said inner envelope.

By "lattice" is meant any structure of the mesh type or net, that is to say a structure having openings delimited by strips of metal material, plastic or otherwise. In this way, it is understood that by the presence of the outer casing, which is more rigid and more resistant to impacts, the inner casing is protected from mechanical attack by shock or vandalism, without making the overcapacity or device.

Indeed, the outer casing is formed of a lattice having openings defined by strips of material, the openings allowing water to pass and allowing intervention for local repairs of the inner casing. In addition, in case of repair of the inner envelope, this repair is protected by the outer casing: in particular if an insert has been used to repair the inner casing, the trellis forming the outer casing retains this part and limits the efforts exerted on it.

The filling material forms the load of the device, ensuring by its weight the stability of the device: it is generally injected, and it is formed of a thin material, disintegrated or weak cohesion, such as sand, gravel or grit , of the earth....

Overall, thanks to the solution according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a device for erosion control, of simple construction, which provides both erosion resistance and resistance to damage. , particularly by impacts.

Advantageously, said inner envelope is made of geosynthetic.

Preferably, said inner envelope is made of geotextile, in particular bilayer geotextile. In this way, said inner casing can fulfill a water filter function during hydraulic filling, while the filling material is retained and protected.

According to another preferred arrangement, the lattice is made of steel. Advantageously, said tubular inner envelope is made of a material permeable to water.

Advantageously, according to a preferred solution, said tube is connected by fixing means either to a complementary structure, in particular a complementary stabilization or protection structure, or to at least one other similar tube, or both to a complementary structure and at least one other similar tube. In particular, said fixing means are mounted on the outer casing, which makes their installation very easy because of the great ease of grip on the lattice that forms the outer casing, without modifying the function of the inner casing which is not requested by said fixing means.

These fixing means preferably mounted on the outer casing of said tube comprise metal links, ligatures, straps, tie rods, staples or seams, or any other method of attachment. This preferred solution makes it possible to increase the stability of the device against erosion, by increasing the weight and bulk of the smallest separable unit, forming a compact (monolithic) assembly. This preferential solution also has the additional advantage of allowing, in addition to increasing the stability of the device, to maintain a certain flexibility of the assembly thus formed since the inner casing is flexible and the outer casing stiffer. locally, remains globally deformable.

According to a first variant of this preferred solution, said tube is connected by fastening means to at least one other tube having a tubular inner envelope for retaining a filling material and an outer envelope forming a lattice and surrounding said inner envelope.

Preferably, according to this first variant, said tubes are connected together, at their points of contact, along their length, being arranged parallel to each other, so as to form a monolithic device, that is to say a compact device .

Said tubes may also be connected perpendicularly to each other, or in any other direction relative to each other. Advantageously, said tubes are connected by fastening means to a complementary structure.

Thus, an erosion control device of generally monolithic shape is produced, thus very resistant to erosion and at the same time, thanks to the presence of each outer shell, which is highly resistant to shocks and impacts. Moreover, according to this first variant, we obtain an erosion control device whose sectional shape is adaptable to the relief of the location intended to receive it.

According to a second variant of this preferred solution, said tube is connected by fixing means to a complementary structure.

In particular, said complementary structure comprises local protection elements disposed along said tube, in particular on its surface, in order to increase its protection against mechanical or light aggression. Preferably, said local protection elements belong to the group consisting of gabions, bags, pavers, tiles, plates, rods or beams, and fascines. These protection elements may be made of natural and / or synthetic material (s), in particular geosynthetic, brick, cement, etc. These local protection elements may be placed on the outer face and / or the inner face of the outer shell.

When placed on the outer face of the outer envelope, these protective elements can also, by modifying the appearance of the surface of the device they create, improve the aesthetics of this device in the case where it is or is likely to be partly visible.

Preferably, in order to further increase the cohesion of the device, said outer casing is integral with said inner casing, by said fixing means or by other independent means, of the same or different nature as said fixing means.

When these fixing means are placed on the inner face of the outer casing, said outer casing is more accessible to assemble two or more tubes together.

Advantageously, said fixing means are mounted on the outer casing of said tube and comprise metal links, ligatures, straps, tie rods, staples or seams, or any other method of attachment.

According to another advantageous arrangement, said complementary structure comprises shaping elements (such as rods, hoops, ...) fixed on said outer casing and which give the device a predefined shape, especially in cross section (rectangle shape, square, ...) -

Also, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a device for maritime and river arrangements of the aforementioned type, the method being characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) at least one tube is manufactured from a tubular inner casing for retaining a filling material and disposed in an outer casing forming a lattice, providing a certain rigidity to the tube; b) a filling material is provided; c) filling said inner envelope with the filling material, whereby said tube takes a three-dimensional shape.

Preferably, said inner casing is permeable to water, during step b) providing a filling mixture comprising said filling material and water and during step c) hydraulically filling said inner casing with the filling material, so that the water evacuating through the pores of the inner casing (or other openings) the filling material fills said inner casing, whereby said tube takes a three-dimensional shape.

It is understood that the filling of the inner casing of the tube with the filling material is performed hydraulically or by any other method. Advantageously, this method further comprises, after step c), a step d) in which is connected by fastening means said tube to a complementary structure.

Preferably, during step a) several tubes are manufactured and the method further comprises, after step c), a step d) in which said tubes are connected to each other by fastening means, in parallel, perpendicular manner. or in any other direction between them.

In this case, it can further be provided that said tubes are also connected by fastening means to a complementary structure. The present invention also relates to the use of the device according to the invention, to form a dike, a quay, a pier, a breakwater, an ear, an artificial reef, a dam, a stabilization or a bank reinforcement.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:

- Figure 1 is a partial perspective view in cross section of a first type of device for the fight against erosion maritime and fluvial according to the invention;

- Figures 2 and 2A are cross-sectional views of a second type of device according to the invention;

- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a variant of the second type of device according to the invention, having local protection elements located between the outer casing and the inner casing; - Figure 4 is a schematic view of one of the possibilities of placing in the water of the device according to the invention;

- Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views of the use of the device according to the invention as dike, spur, breakwater, pier;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the use of the device according to the invention as dune or high-beach protection, and

- Figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of the use of the device according to the invention as a dam.

In Figure 1, a tube 10 is visible, partially in cross section. The wall of this tube 10 consists of an outer envelope 12 and an inner envelope 14, one being in contact with the other. This tube 10 further comprises, at its center, a filling material 16.

The outer casing 12 is formed of a lattice, in particular a mesh or metal or plastic net, covering the entire outer surface of the tube 10.

The inner envelope 14 is formed of a layer capable of filtering water, which is in particular made from a geotextile and which delimits a closed chamber (in particular by a seam) filled with the filling material 16. The filling material 16 is preferably made of a disintegrated or weakly cohesive material which can be injected hydraulically inside the inner casing 14: in particular this filling material 16 consists of sand, gravel , chippings, vase ...

The tube 10 is elongate, which means that it has, in the longitudinal direction, a length which is much greater than its other dimensions, namely its width and height.

This tube 10 is shown schematically with a cross section of ovoid shape, flattened in the horizontal direction as this illustration corresponds to a removal on the ground. Nevertheless, the shape of the section of the tube 10 may be different because it depends in particular on the shape of the elements surrounding this tube 10, since the filling material 16 is able to conform to its environment. It can be provided that the outer casing 12, by its rigidity, can be used to impose a particular section of the tube 10, for example a section of generally rectangular, triangular or other shape.

In addition, it is also possible to use elements having a higher flexural rigidity than the outer casing (for example, rods, plates, etc.): these shaping elements (not shown) can thus also be used. be inserted and fixed on said outer casing 12 to keep the tube 10 a section having a predefined shape during filling. It is advantageous to provide that the outer casing 12 is connected to the inner casing 14. For this purpose, for example, the outer casing 12 may be stapled or ligated onto the portions protruding from the seam of the inner casing 14.

Thus, the tube 10 alone forms an elongated device for the fight against erosion maritime and fluvial according to the present invention, being disposed at the location that must be protected, for example along a bank, possibly in complement of a support structure, such as for example rock or gabion depending on external stresses. Preferably, according to the present invention, as is apparent from FIG. 1, this tube 10 is associated with another tube 10a formed of a analogous structure. In FIG. 1, the second tube 10a has smaller cross-sectional dimensions but could have the same dimensions or larger dimensions than those of the first tube 10. According to a first type of device according to the invention, the tubes

10 and 10a are interconnected together so as to form a compact and one-piece structure constituting a device 100.

For this purpose, the first tube 10 and the second tube 10a are interconnected by fastening means formed for example of a ligature 20 interconnecting mesh of the lattice forming the outer envelope 12 of each of the two tubes, on all their common length.

Instead of this ligature 20, one can of course provide other fastening means such as links, including metal (hook, buckle, carabiner ...), straps, tie rods, staples, seams .. .

Preferably, the second tube 10a is arranged parallel along the first tube 10, over all or part of the length of the first tube 10. According to another solution, the second tube 10a is disposed along the first tube 10 in a perpendicular direction .

It is understood from the foregoing that the second tube 10a is fixed to the first tube 10 at the location and in the direction (parallel, perpendicular or otherwise) which will correspond to the desired effect in the perspective of stabilizing the assembly.

In this way, a device 100 is obtained in which the second tube 10a produces a complementary stabilization structure for the first tube 10.

Indeed, the device 100 forms a more monolithic assembly, in particular of greater inertia, than if the first tube 10 and the second tube 10a were simply arranged side by side: the binding by ligatures 20 reinforces the cohesion, that is to say to say the monolithic character of the whole.

Also, it is envisaged, in the context of the present invention, to associate with the first tube 10 not only a second tube 10a, but several other tubes (similar) around and / or next to the first tube 10 according to the needs of the intended application.

According to a second type of device 200 according to the invention, represented in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tube 10 is associated with another type of complementary structure formed of protection elements 30 (local or global) which are connected, by means of fastening means 20, at the first tube

10, preferably on its outer casing 12.

These protection elements 30 may consist of elements of a different nature, and they may be mounted on the outer face of the outer envelope 12 (FIGS. 2 and 2A) and / or on the inner face of the outer envelope 12, namely between the outer casing 12 and the inner casing 14 (Figure 3).

In a first form, visible on the left-hand part of FIG. 2 in dotted lines, these local protection elements 30 are three-dimensional elements such as gabions 32. Conventionally, each gabion 32 forms a parallelepipedal box with a metal envelope (wire or other) filled with pebbles, or similar.

These gabions 32 may be arranged on all or part of the length of the first tube 10. On the left section of Figure 2, there appear several gabions 32 having different dimensions, connected to the outer casing 12 of the first tube 10 by Other fastening means 20 may also be used to assemble between the gabions 32.

In the left section of FIG. 2, these gabions 32 (or other protective elements 30) are stacked on each other so as to surround the entire tube 10. Thus, it is possible for the gabions 32 to surround the entire tube 10. placed on the ground or at the bottom of the water.

According to a second form, visible on the right-hand part of FIG. 2, these local protection elements 30 are rather two-dimensional elements, that is to say which extend essentially along two dimensions of space, such as plates 34, pavers or tiles.

These plates 34, or the like, provide additional mechanical protection of the device according to the invention, in particular against shocks. In addition, these plates 34 also provide protection against ultraviolet rays which may be useful for certain uses, especially when at least a part of the device is in the open air and that one is in a region with strong sunlight. In this case, it may be useful to protect the outer casing 12, but especially the inner casing 14 which is made of synthetic material and whose aging is accelerated by ultraviolet.

According to the variant of FIG. 2A, the tube is surrounded by a complementary structure 30 formed of one or more plates 34, connected by the fastening means 20, to the tube 10.

It is also conceivable, in a third form, not shown, local protection elements 30 having a rather unidimensional shape, namely which extends in essentially one dimension of the space, for example rods, beams. .

According to a variant of the second type of device according to the invention, shown in Figure 3, the device 200 'comprises the tube 10 which is connected to local protection elements 30 of two-dimensional or one-dimensional type which are arranged between the outer casing 12 and the inner envelope 14.

On the left side of Figure 3, these local protection elements 30 are plates 34 or rods, beams. On the right side of FIG. 3, these local protection elements 30 are formed of a flexible sheet 36, formed for example of a geosynthetic (geomembrane or geotextile). This tablecloth can provide additional protection in terms of reinforcement or also serve as a support for greening. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the aforementioned local protection elements 30 according to the first, second and third embodiments may be associated together at the same time on a tube 10, or on several tubes 10, 10a themselves. the same interconnected.

Thus, in the context of the preferred arrangement of the invention, whether by attachment to other tubes 10a and / or by the fixing of local protection elements 30, the first tube 10 is provided with a complementary structure stabilizing device, to form a compact, monolithic device 100, 200, 200 '. This arrangement, in addition to the mechanical reinforcement it provides, limits the need to resort to the addition of other external coatings, or at least limits the volume of such external coatings, for example rockfill. In addition, during heavy mechanical stresses, the fastening means 20 are capable of breaking first, without calling into question the mechanical strength of each tube 10, 10a, and mainly of its outer shell 12, itself capable of to break in a second time.

Figure 4 shows a possibility of setting up a device according to the present invention in water. Here, it is the device in its simplest form (tube 10) which is shown but could be considered in the same way one or other of the different types of devices 100, 200, 200 'presented above.

In order to flow the device 10 into the water 40 at a predetermined location, guide elements 42 are firstly positioned at this location: in FIG.

42 are placed vertically with a spacing making it possible to arrange the device 10 between them.

Guide fasteners 44 (chain, cable, rope, buckle, ring, etc.) are attached to the outer envelope 12 formed of the mesh, and then these fasteners 44 are placed around the piles 42. In this way, it is understood that under its own weight, the device 10 will descend by gravity vertically to the bottom of the water 40 (arrow 46).

To ensure the positioning of the device 10 which has a length that can be large, preferably two parallel series of guide elements 42 are preferably used.

Examples of use of the erosion control device according to the invention will now be presented in connection with FIGS. 5 to 8.

In Figures 5 and 6, the application concerned is for example the formation of a dike.

In FIG. 5, the dike 300 comprises a device of the first type 100 formed of a stack of tubes 10 interconnected by the fixing means 20 mentioned above. In FIG. 5, this stack comprises a first layer of three tubes 10 above which is formed a second layer of two tubes 10 itself surmounted by a last third layer formed of a single tube 10 which reaches the level of the surface of the water or above. The stack therefore has a pyramidal shape in cross section as can be seen in FIG.

This device 100 is surrounded by a rock layer 48, while resting at the bottom 41 of the water above a layer 50 formed of an anti-erosive surface protection which can be composed for example of gabion mattress, weighted geotextile or preassembled paving which comprises two-dimensional elements (stone, concrete ...) preferably interconnected.

The other example of dike 300 'illustrated in FIG. 6 comprises the same device 100 as that of FIG. 5, this device 100 being placed directly at the bottom 41 of the water or by interposing a geotextile on this bottom and being covered by a layer 50, formed of a surface protection composed for example of mattress gabion, of a pre-assembled paving method, which covers the pyramidal structure of the device 100 and extends beyond the latter on the part and other on the bottom 4L

Referring now to FIG. 7 which illustrates a bank stabilization device 400 (high range dune stabilization, bank foot reinforcement or protection) also referred to as footstop, installed as a non-erodable material at the base of the bank 52.

This bank stabilization device 400 comprises a device of the first type 100 formed, in the illustrated example, of two tubes 10 and 10a interconnected by the fixing means 20. These two tubes are placed parallel to each other. another, one above the other, with a transverse offset corresponding to the slope of bank 52.

In addition, the bank stabilization device 400 comprises a surface protection or layer 50 formed for example of mattress gabions or paving or paving made from hard two-dimensional elements (stone, concrete ....) , preferably interconnected. This layer 50 may extend in the direction of the water 41, in a generally inclined and perpendicular direction, above the device 100 from an upstream protection device by reinforcement or support 54. Beyond the device 100, the layer 50 is covered by water or the soil of the bank. In the case of FIG. 8, another device 500 forming a gully threshold, a submersible dike, or a dike is formed in placing at the bottom 41 of the water 40 a device according to the first type 100, which is formed here of a stack of a first layer of three tubes 10 surmounted by a second layer of two tubes 10.

The stack is covered with a layer 50 formed of a superficial protection (composed for example of gabion mattress, a weighted geotextile or a pre-assembled paving method). This layer

50 fully covers the stack forming the device 100 and extends even beyond the downstream side thus forming a scour protection

(dry side) opposite to the upstream side filled with water 40. Optionally, in order to reinforce the stability of the entire dam 500, a series of aligned head blocks 56, formed for example of parallelepiped concrete blocks or gabions, above the device 100, over the layer 50.

In all the preceding examples, it is understood that the layer 50 is formed of two-dimensional elements placed side by side and interconnected, the latter being able to tilt differently with each other so that the layer conforms to the relief of the object it covers.

By way of example, in the embodiments which have just been described, the tubes forming the devices according to the invention have a section whose equivalent diameter is variable between 1 and

3 m, for a length varying between 10 and 100 m.

For example, it is envisaged, to make the foot of a dam, to a depth of 10 m under water, to achieve a pyramidal structure from three tubes 10 forming a stack with a first layer of two tubes topped with the third tube, each tube having an equivalent diameter of the order of 1 m to 3 m and a length of

20 m.

We now expose additional information relating to the manufacturing processes of these various devices according to the invention.

The filling of the tubes 10, 10a can be carried out in different ways, in particular by the two ends of the tube or at one or more locations along the tube by means of an injection sleeve according to the techniques of the prior art. Preferably, this filling with the material 16 and water, is performed in the inner casing 14 while the outer casing

12 is already in place all around the inner casing 14, and that possibly all or part of the possible protection elements 30 (32 and / or 34 and / or 36) are mounted on the outer casing 12.

On the other hand, it is after making this filling of the inner casing 14 that the different tubes 10, 10a which can constitute the device 100, 200, 200 'according to the invention will be connected together.

If the device is to be placed in the water, it is possible to envisage filling the inner casing 14 and then mounting the complementary structure on the outer casing (other tube (s) 10a and / or local protection elements 30) while the assembly formed of the inner casing 14 and the outer casing 12 is already positioned in the water. If the device is to be placed in the water, it is also conceivable to fill the inner casing 14 out of the water and then to immerse the filled tube 10, before mounting the complementary structure. stabilizing device (other tube (s) 10a and / or local protection element 30). Note that the filling operation of the inner casing 14 is not hindered by the presence of the outer casing 12 because the latter can be preformed or be equipped with arches, so that the expansion of the volume of the inner envelope is not hindered.

Claims

An elongated device (10; 100; 200; 200 ') for marine and river developments, comprising at least one tube (10, 10a) comprising a tubular inner shell (14) permeable to water and made of geotextile, which is intended to retain a filling material (16), the device further comprising an outer casing (12) forming a lattice and surrounding said inner casing (14).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh is steel.

3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tube (10) is connected by fastening means (20) to at least one other tube (10a) comprising a tubular inner casing (14) for retaining a filling material (16), and an outer casing (12) forming a lattice and surrounding said inner casing (14).

4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said tube (10) is connected by fastening means (20) to a complementary structure (30).

5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said tubes (10, 10a) are connected by fastening means (20) to a complementary structure (30).

6. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said tubes (10, 10a) are connected together along their length being arranged parallel to each other so as to form a monolithic device.

7. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said tubes (10, 10a) are interconnected by being arranged perpendicularly.

8. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said complementary structure (30) comprises local protection elements (30), arranged along said tube (10), to protect it against mechanical or light aggression.

9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that said local protection elements (30) belong to the group consisting of gabions, bags, pavers, tiles, plates, rods or beams, and fascines.

10. Device according to any one of claims 3 to

9, characterized in that said fixing means (20) are mounted on the outer casing (12) of said tube (10) and comprise metal links, ligatures, straps, tie rods, staples or seams.

11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to

10, characterized in that said outer casing (12) is integral with said inner casing (14).

12. Device according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that said complementary structure (30) comprises shaping elements fixed on said outer casing (12) and which give the device a predefined shape.

13. A method of manufacturing a device for maritime and river developments according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) at least one tube (10) is manufactured from a tubular inner envelope (14) permeable to water and made of geotextile, which is intended to retain a filling material (16) and disposed in an outer envelope (12) forming a lattice; b) providing a filling material (16); c) filling said inner envelope (14) with the filling material, whereby said tube (10) takes a three-dimensional shape.

The manufacturing method according to claim 13, characterized in that during step b) a filling mixture comprising said filling material (16) and water is provided and in that during step c) hydraulically fills said inner casing (14) with the filling mixture, so that the water draining through the pores of the inner casing filling fills said inner envelope (14), whereby said tube (10) takes a three-dimensional shape.

15. The manufacturing method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that it further comprises, after step c), a step d) in which is connected by fastening means (20) said tube (10). to a complementary structure (30).

16. The manufacturing method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that during step a) several tubes (10; 10a) are manufactured and in that it further comprises, after step c), a step d) in which said tubes (10; 10a) are connected to one another by fastening means (20).

17. The manufacturing method according to claim 16, characterized in that the two tubes (10, 10a) are connected by fastening means (20) to a complementary structure (30).

18. The manufacturing method according to claim 16, characterized in that said tubes (10, 10a) are connected together along their length being arranged parallel to each other so as to form a monolithic device.

19. The manufacturing method according to claim 16, characterized in that said tubes (10, 10a) are interconnected by being arranged perpendicularly.

20. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, to form a dike (300; 300 '), a pier, a pier, a breakwater, an ear, an artificial reef, a dam (500) , a stabilization or a comfort of bank.