EP1877458A1 - Resorcinol-based mannich base - Google Patents
Resorcinol-based mannich baseInfo
- Publication number
- EP1877458A1 EP1877458A1 EP06754919A EP06754919A EP1877458A1 EP 1877458 A1 EP1877458 A1 EP 1877458A1 EP 06754919 A EP06754919 A EP 06754919A EP 06754919 A EP06754919 A EP 06754919A EP 1877458 A1 EP1877458 A1 EP 1877458A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- amine
- mannich base
- component
- formaldehyde
- resorcinol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 7-[4-[[(3z)-3-[4-amino-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]pyrimidin-2-yl]imino-5-fluoro-2-oxoindol-1-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(\N=C/3C4=CC(F)=CC=C4N(CN4CCN(CC4)C=4C(=CC=5C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN(C=5C=4)C4CC4)F)C\3=O)=NC=2)N)=C1 RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 19
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-aminoethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanamine Chemical compound NCCN1CCN(CCN)CC1 PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPOUQGUYVMSQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-(2-piperazin-1-ylethylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN1CCNCC1 LPOUQGUYVMSQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11',12',14',15'-Tetradehydro(Z,Z-)-3-(8-Pentadecenyl)phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSDVRWZKEDRBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)hexoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC(CCCCC)OCC1CO1 HSDVRWZKEDRBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical class CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Delta8-pentadecenylphenol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJIOHMVWGVGWJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[(3-methylpyrazole-1-carbonyl)amino]butyl]pyrazole-1-carboxamide Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=CN1C(=O)NCCCCNC(=O)N1N=C(C)C=C1 WJIOHMVWGVGWJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperidin-1-ylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CN1CCCCC1 MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N Cardanol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cardanoldiene Natural products CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- KTYPMJSMFUYZIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N'-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine formaldehyde Chemical compound C=O.NCCNCCNCCNCCN KTYPMJSMFUYZIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cardanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGJURKDLIJVDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=C MGJURKDLIJVDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000769 gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIWIXJUBVWKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(2-piperazin-1-ylethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN1CCNCC1 WBIWIXJUBVWKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORWGXDYTKQJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[bis(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN(CCN)CCN ZORWGXDYTKQJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 phenol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005891 transamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G14/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00
- C08G14/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes
- C08G14/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols
- C08G14/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols and monomers containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/22—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated
- C07C215/28—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C215/34—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups and carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings bound to the same carbon atom of the carbon skeleton and at least one hydroxy group bound to another carbon atom of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3237—Polyamines aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
- C08G59/621—Phenols
- C08G59/623—Aminophenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/12—Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2190/00—Compositions for sealing or packing joints
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of preparation and use of Mannich bases.
- Mannich bases The class of Mannich bases has been known for a long time and has already been used in hardener components of reactive systems. For the preparation of phenols are used. However, phenol (hydroxybenzene) as starting material has the great disadvantage that the Mannich bases prepared therefrom still contain portions of unreacted phenol. Due to the toxicity of phenol, phenol-based Mannich bases can not be used in many market sectors. Therefore, great efforts have been made to produce phenol-free Mannich bases. For example, Mannich bases based on nonylphenol or p-tert-butylphenol or cardanol have been developed and commercialized.
- Mannich bases are mainly used as accelerators for epoxy resins or as hardeners for epoxy resins and polyurethanes.
- WO 00/15687 describes a Mannich base accelerator which is prepared by transamination of a Mannich base with an amine.
- EP-A-1 475 411 discloses a two-stage preparation process for the preparation of Mannich bases based on m-cresol or 3,5-xylenol and polyamines, in which a tertiary amine is preferably used.
- EP-A-1 475 412 discloses a two-stage production process of Mannich bases, which are obtained from phenols such as m-cresol, 3,5-xylenol or resorcinol with polyamines, preferably using tertiary amines.
- two-stage processes are associated with additional expense and increase the production of Mannich bases.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide novel Mannich bases and the process for their preparation which are free of phenol and can be prepared by a simplified process.
- Mannich bases according to claim 1 can be prepared by a specific selection of known in the art polyamine and phenolic compounds, which can solve this problem. These Mannich bases can be made from cheap, easily accessible raw materials through simple production. They are characterized by an excellent curing behavior, especially at low temperatures, with amine-reactive compounds.
- the present invention relates to Mannich bases which can be prepared from resorcinol, formaldehyde and / or triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine.
- Resorcinol (CAS No. [108-46-3]) is commercially available in a wide range of purities. Resorcinol is distinguished from the other dihydroxybenzene isomers catechol and hydroquinone, among other things by a lower toxicity (German water hazard class WGK 1 compared to 2 or 3 or Swiss poison class 3 compared to 2). It has particularly shown that resorcinol over these, as well as others Phenols such as phenol, the various isomers of cresol or xylenol surprisingly very well suited for the preparation of Mannich bases.
- Formaldehyde can be used in forms commonly known to those skilled in the art directly or from formaldehyde-releasing compounds. Preferred is formaldehyde in the form of para-formaldehyde or as a formalin solution. Particularly preferred is formalin solution.
- triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine is used for the preparation of the novel Mannich bases.
- TETA triethylenetetramine
- TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
- TETA and TEPA are commercially widely available and are very inexpensive. They are offered and used in particular in technical quality. Such technical quality is preferred. It is known to the person skilled in the art that TETA and TEPA in such technical quality are not a pure, uniform chemical substance.
- TETA TETA
- the predominantly formed substances and isomers are: N, N'-bis (2-aminoethyl) piperazine (BisAEP or DiAEP) (CAS No. [6531-38-0])
- NTEA or NTE Tris (2-aminoethyl) amine (CAS No. [4097-89-6]) or, in the case of TEPA:
- AETETA 4-Aminoethyltriethylenetetramine
- AEPEEDA Aminoethyl piperazinoethylethylenediamine
- PEDETA Piperazinoethyldiethylenetriamine
- TETA and TEPA are examples of polyamines TETA and TEPA.
- TETA and TEPA have a high N / C ratio, and accordingly, a lot of amino groups can be introduced by means of a small molecule, and hence a small amount.
- Mannich base preferably has an amine number of between 800 and 1100 mg / g KOH, in particular in the range between 900 and 1000 mg / g KOH, preferably in the range between 950 and 1000 mg / g KOH.
- Mannich bases can be prepared which no longer have measurable amounts of unreacted resorcinol, the amine number.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to the preparation of the described Mannich base.
- resorcin, triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine with formaldehyde at a temperature below 25 0 C is reacted.
- a premix of resorcinol and triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine formaldehyde under stirring and cooling to a temperature below 25 0 C, especially below 15 0 C is added.
- the addition is preferably carried out in portions, in particular as a drop of.
- the resorcinol / [TETA and / or TEPA] premix is preferably previously heated to a temperature of about 8O 0 C to dissolve the resorcinol and cooled again before the formaldehyde is added. It has been shown that it is advantageous if the premix further comprises a solvent, in particular an alcohol, preferably methanol, in order to better dissolve the resorcinol and lower the viscosity, and which is added before the reaction with formaldehyde. Particularly advantageously, the solvent is already used at the very beginning, ie in the preparation of the premix.
- the reaction mixture is preferably raised to a temperature and in particular to about 95 0 C and at the same time a slight vacuum of typically 0.6 to 0.9 bar set.
- a slight vacuum typically 0.6 to 0.9 bar set.
- the solvent used is therefore advantageous to select so that it is easy to distill off at this temperature and pressure.
- Mannich bases can also be prepared without the presence of additional tertiary amines which are not already present in technical triethylenetetramine and / or technical tetraethylenepentamine.
- the molar ratios of resorcinol to formaldehyde to the sum of TETA and TEPA are in particular 1: 1.5-2.5: 2.5-3.5. Such a ratio of 1 to about 2 to about 3 has proven particularly suitable.
- the Mannich base so formed is preferably free of unreacted resorcinol, i. that no measurable amounts of resorcinol are present in the Mannich base, and in particular has an amine number of between 800 and 1100 mg / g KOH, in particular in the range between 900 and 1000 mg / g KOH, preferably in the range between 950 and 1000 mg / g KOH , on.
- the Mannich base can be used as such or in a composition.
- the Mannich bases are particularly suitable as hardeners for an amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups.
- Suitable amine-reactive functional groups are, in particular, glycidyl ether and / or isocyanate groups.
- the amine-reactive substance having at least two amine-reactive functional groups is a diglycidyl ether. In particular, it is a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F or bisphenol-A / F.
- such a diglycidyl ether is a so-called liquid resin, especially as available on the market under the trade name Araldite® GY 250, Araldite® PY 304, Araldite® GY 282 (Huntsman) or D.E. R 331 (Dow).
- the amine-reactive substance having at least two amine-reactive functional groups a Polyisocyanate or a prepolymer having at least two isocyanate groups.
- HDI 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
- TMDI 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- prepolymers having at least two isocyanate groups are, in particular, those prepolymers which are obtainable from at least one of the abovementioned polyisocyanates and at least one polyol.
- Particularly suitable polyols are polyoxyalkylene polyols or polyester polyols having at least two OH groups, in particular 2 or 3 OH groups.
- amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups
- novel Mannich base By mixing the amine-reactive substance, which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups, with the novel Mannich base, a reaction of the amine groups of the Mannich bases with the amine-reactive functional groups of the amine-reactive substance occurs and curing takes place.
- the present invention also includes a two-component composition consisting of a first component K1 and a second component K2.
- the first component K1 comprises at least one amine-reactive compound having at least two functional groups which can react with amines.
- the second component K2 comprises at least one Mannich base, as previously described.
- the compounds which are suitable as amine-reactive compounds which have at least two functional groups which can react with amines have already been described above.
- the first component K1 advantageously comprises several amine-reactive compounds.
- the use of a more viscous and a lower viscosity amine-reactive compound is recommended.
- As the low-viscosity amine-reactive compound special so-called reactive diluents are preferred.
- the second component K2 may contain, in addition to the Mannich base, further amines.
- this is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine, preferably isophoronediamine (IPDA).
- IPDA isophoronediamine
- the component K2 may contain TETA or TEPA. This additional amine can be added already at the end of Mannich base or only when formulating component K2. Both components K1 and K2 can be added to the
- Such further ingredients are in particular fillers, plasticizers, solvents, catalysts and / or additives.
- Particularly suitable fillers are Russian, chalks, in particular coated chalks, sands, silicates, light fillers, such as ceramic or glass spheres, in particular ceramic or glass hollow spheres, pyrogenic silicic acids, fly ash.
- Particularly preferred solvents are solvents which are not classified as VOC "volatile organic compounds.” Particularly preferred are higher-boiling hydrocarbons.
- plasticizers are in particular phthalates and adipates, in particular diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA).
- DIDP diisodecyl phthalate
- DOA dioctyl adipate
- Such two component compositions can be widely used. Particularly preferred is their use as an adhesive or
- hardener components can be made available with the novel Mannich bases which are free of phenols but also free of other phenolic compounds, and preferably also free, i. no longer containing measurable amounts of unreacted resorcinol.
- the adhesive After mixing the components K1 and K2 of the described two-component composition, the adhesive is applied to a substrate surface and joined to another surface of the substrate.
- the cured composition acts as an adhesive layer capable of transferring forces between the two substrate surfaces of the formed composite.
- the two-component composition is suitable because of their
- such a two-component composition especially a two-part epoxy resin composition, ie where component K1 comprises a diglycidyl ether, can be used as an adhesive for the bonding of fiber-reinforced composites.
- a two-component epoxy resin composition ie where component K1 comprises a diglycidyl ether
- inventive two-component compositions in particular a two-component epoxy resin composition
- carbon or glass fibers can be embedded in a two-component composition and can be used in the cured state as a fiber composite, for example in the form of a lamella.
- fiber fabric or scrim can be applied by means of a two-component composition, in particular by means of a two-component epoxy resin composition, to a building, and together with the building together form a fiber-reinforced composite.
- the viscosity was measured by means of Rheomat at 2O 0 C cone / plate (40 mm cone, 300 revolutions / sec or 20mm cone, 50 revolutions / s).
- the residual content of the polyamine was determined by GC / FID (Optima-5MS, 60 mg dissolved in 10 ml ethyl acetate, carrier gas He, external 3 point calibration in the concentration range 2-6 mg / ml) and the residual content of the phenolic compound by HPLC / PDA (Varian , LiChrosphere 100 RP-18, eluent water, acetonitrile, UV 273 nm).
- the amine number was determined titrimetrically on a Memotritator DL-55 from Mettler, Switzerland.
- the Mannich bases were used as hardener component K2 for an epoxy resin component K1.
- the epoxy resin component consisted of either 80% by weight of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) and 20% by weight of hexanediol diglycidyl ether (Araldite® DY-H, Huntsman, Epoxy Number 6.25-6.65) (K1-1) or from 85% by weight of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) and 15% by weight of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (Araldite® DY-T / CH, Huntsman) (K1-2).
- the pot life was determined by stirring 100 g of the mixed components at room temperature in a beaker by means of a spatula. The pot life was the time at which the batch gelled.
- the tensile strength (ZF (1d)) and the elongation at break (BD (ID)) were measured after 1 day of curing at room temperature according to ISO 527 at a measuring speed of 5 mm / min on a Zwick tensile machine.
- the glass transition temperature was measured as peak maximum by means of DSC (0-25O 0 C 107 min).
- compositions Z1 and Z2 were aluminum plates as well.
- Mannich base M1 as hardener component K2 with the A component of Sikadur®-30 (commercially available from Sika GmbH AG), which is based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and an epoxy reactive diluent, was prepared as component K1 in a mixing ratio of 1: 10 mixed and glued a concrete slab with a concrete ceiling.
- the bond had a good adhesion and a good bond strength.
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Abstract
The invention relates to Mannich bases that can be produced from resorcinol, formaldehyde, and triethylenetetramine and/or tetraethylenepentamine. Also disclosed are a method for the production thereof and the use thereof as hardeners for amine-reactive compounds. The inventive Mannich bases are particularly suitable as hardener components in adhesives.
Description
MANNICHBASE AUF RESORCIN-BASISMANNICHBASE ON RESORCIN BASIS
Technisches GebietTechnical area
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet der Herstellung und Verwendung von Mannichbasen.The present invention relates to the field of preparation and use of Mannich bases.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Klasse der Mannichbasen ist schon seit langem bekannt und wurde bereits in Härterkomponenten von reaktiven Systemen eingesetzt. Zur Herstellung werden Phenole eingesetzt. Phenol (Hydroxybenzol) als Ausgangsmaterial hat jedoch den grossen Nachteil, dass die daraus hergestellten Mannichbasen noch Anteile von unreagiertem Phenol enthalten. Aufgrund der Toxizität von Phenol sind auf Phenol basierende Mannichbasen für viele Marktbereiche nicht einsetzbar. Deshalb sind grosse Bestrebungen getätigt worden, Phenol-freie Mannichbasen herzustellen. So wurden beispielsweise Mannichbasen auf Basis von Nonylphenol oder p-tert.- Butyl- phenol oder Cardanol entwickelt und kommerzialisiert.The class of Mannich bases has been known for a long time and has already been used in hardener components of reactive systems. For the preparation of phenols are used. However, phenol (hydroxybenzene) as starting material has the great disadvantage that the Mannich bases prepared therefrom still contain portions of unreacted phenol. Due to the toxicity of phenol, phenol-based Mannich bases can not be used in many market sectors. Therefore, great efforts have been made to produce phenol-free Mannich bases. For example, Mannich bases based on nonylphenol or p-tert-butylphenol or cardanol have been developed and commercialized.
Mannichbasen werden vor allem als Beschleuniger für Epoxidharze oder als Härter für Epoxidharze und Polyurethane eingesetzt. WO 00/15687 beschreibt beispielsweise einen Mannichbasen-Beschleuniger, welcher durch Transaminierung einer Mannichbase mit einem Amin hergestellt wird.Mannich bases are mainly used as accelerators for epoxy resins or as hardeners for epoxy resins and polyurethanes. WO 00/15687, for example, describes a Mannich base accelerator which is prepared by transamination of a Mannich base with an amine.
Die Verfahren zur Herstellung bekannter Mannichbasen sind sehr aufwändig und schwierig zu Führen, insbesondere dann, wenn die Ausbildung von hochmolekularen Kondensationsprodukten möglichst verhindert werden soll. So offenbart beispielsweise EP-A-1 475 411 ein zweistufiges Herstellverfahren zur Herstellung von Mannichbasen basierend auf m-Kresol oder 3,5-Xylenol und Polyaminen, bei dem vorzugsweise ein tertiäres Amin verwendet wird. Ebenso ein zweistufiges Herstellverfahren von Mannichbasen
wird von EP-A-1 475 412 offenbart, wobei diese aus Phenolen wie m-Kresol, 3,5-Xylenol oder Resorcin mit Polyaminen vorzugsweise unter Verwendung von tertiären Aminen gewonnen werden. Derartige zweistufige Verfahren sind jedoch mit zusätzlichen Aufwand verbunden und verteuern die Produktion der Mannichbasen.The processes for preparing known Mannich bases are very complicated and difficult to perform, especially if the formation of high molecular weight condensation products should be prevented as much as possible. For example, EP-A-1 475 411 discloses a two-stage preparation process for the preparation of Mannich bases based on m-cresol or 3,5-xylenol and polyamines, in which a tertiary amine is preferably used. Likewise a two-stage production process of Mannich bases is disclosed in EP-A-1 475 412, which are obtained from phenols such as m-cresol, 3,5-xylenol or resorcinol with polyamines, preferably using tertiary amines. However, such two-stage processes are associated with additional expense and increase the production of Mannich bases.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, neue Mannichbasen sowie das Verfahren zu deren Herstellung zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche sich frei von Phenol sind und sich durch ein vereinfachtes Verfahren herstellen lassen.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide novel Mannich bases and the process for their preparation which are free of phenol and can be prepared by a simplified process.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass durch eine spezifische Auswahl von im Stand der Technik bekannten Polyamin und phenolischen Verbindungen Mannichbasen gemäss des Anspruches 1 hergestellt werden können, welche diese Aufgabe lösen können. Diese Mannichbasen sind aus billigen, einfach zugänglichen Rohstoffen über eine einfache Herstellung herstellbar. Sie zeichnen sich durch ein exzellentes Härtungsverhalten, insbesondere bei tiefen Temperaturen, mit Amin-reaktiven Verbindungen aus.Surprisingly, it has been found that Mannich bases according to claim 1 can be prepared by a specific selection of known in the art polyamine and phenolic compounds, which can solve this problem. These Mannich bases can be made from cheap, easily accessible raw materials through simple production. They are characterized by an excellent curing behavior, especially at low temperatures, with amine-reactive compounds.
Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Hauptansprüchen beschrieben. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further aspects of the invention are described in the further main claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Wege zur Ausführung der Erfindung Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Mannichbasen, welche herstellbar sind aus Resorcin, Formaldehyd und/oder Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetra- ethylenpentamin.The present invention relates to Mannich bases which can be prepared from resorcinol, formaldehyde and / or triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine.
Resorcin (CAS-Nr. [108-46-3]) ist kommerziell breit in unterschiedlichen Reinheiten erhältlich. Resorcin zeichnet sich gegenüber den anderen Dihydroxybenzol-Isomeren Brenzcatechin und Hydrochinon unter anderem durch eine geringere Toxizität (Deutsche Wassergefährdungsklasse WGK 1 gegenüber 2 oder 3 oder Schweizer Giftklasse 3 gegenüber 2) aus. Es hat besonders gezeigt, dass Resorcin gegenüber diesen, wie auch anderen
Phenolen wie beispielsweise Phenol, die verschiedenen Isomeren von Kresol oder Xylenol sich überraschenderweise äusserst gut für die Herstellung der Mannichbasen eignet.Resorcinol (CAS No. [108-46-3]) is commercially available in a wide range of purities. Resorcinol is distinguished from the other dihydroxybenzene isomers catechol and hydroquinone, among other things by a lower toxicity (German water hazard class WGK 1 compared to 2 or 3 or Swiss poison class 3 compared to 2). It has particularly shown that resorcinol over these, as well as others Phenols such as phenol, the various isomers of cresol or xylenol surprisingly very well suited for the preparation of Mannich bases.
Formaldehyd kann in dem Fachmann üblicherweise bekannten Formen direkt oder aus formaldehydabspaltenden Verbindungen zur Anwendung kommen. Bevorzugt ist Formaldehyd in Form als para-Formaldehyd oder als Formalin-Lösung. Besonders bevorzugt ist Formalin-Lösung.Formaldehyde can be used in forms commonly known to those skilled in the art directly or from formaldehyde-releasing compounds. Preferred is formaldehyde in the form of para-formaldehyde or as a formalin solution. Particularly preferred is formalin solution.
Weiterhin wird für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Mannichbasen Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin verwendet. Sowohl Triethylentetramin (TETA) (CAS Nr. [112-24-3])(3,6-Diazaoctan-1 ,8-diamin) als auch Tetraethylenpentamin (TEPA) (CAS Nr. [112-57-2]) (3,6,9-Triazaun- decan-1 ,11-diamin) sind kommerziell breit erhältlich und sind sehr kostengünstig. Sie werden insbesondere in technischer Qualität angeboten und benutzt. Derartige technische Qualität wird bevorzugt. Es ist dem Fachmann bekannt, dass TETA und TEPA in derartig technischer Qualität nicht eine reine, einheitlich chemische Substanz ist. Insbesondere enthalten sie aufgrund des Verfahrens zu deren Herstellung weitere Substanzen und Isomeren. Als hauptsächlich gebildete derartige Substanzen und Isomeren gelten bei TETA: - N,N'-bis-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazin (BisAEP oder DiAEP)(CAS-Nr. [6531-38-0])Furthermore, triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine is used for the preparation of the novel Mannich bases. Both triethylenetetramine (TETA) (CAS No. [112-24-3]) (3,6-diazaoctan-1,8-diamine) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) (CAS No. [112-57-2]) (3 , 6,9-triazaun-decane-1,11-diamine) are commercially widely available and are very inexpensive. They are offered and used in particular in technical quality. Such technical quality is preferred. It is known to the person skilled in the art that TETA and TEPA in such technical quality are not a pure, uniform chemical substance. In particular, they contain further substances and isomers due to the process for their preparation. In the case of TETA, the predominantly formed substances and isomers are: N, N'-bis (2-aminoethyl) piperazine (BisAEP or DiAEP) (CAS No. [6531-38-0])
- Piperazinoethylethylendiamin (PEEDA) (CAS-Nr. [24028-46-4])- Piperazinoethylethylenediamine (PEEDA) (CAS No [24028-46-4])
- Tris-(2-Aminoethyl)amin (NTEA oder NTE) (CAS-Nr. [4097-89-6]) beziehungsweise bei TEPA:Tris (2-aminoethyl) amine (NTEA or NTE) (CAS No. [4097-89-6]) or, in the case of TEPA:
- 4-Aminoethyltriethylenetetramin (AETETA) (CAS-Nr. [31295-46-2]) - Ami noethyl piperazinoethylethylendiamin (AEPEEDA) (CAS-Nr. [31295-54-2])- 4-Aminoethyltriethylenetetramine (AETETA) (CAS No [31295-46-2]) - Aminoethyl piperazinoethylethylenediamine (AEPEEDA) (CAS No [31295-54-2])
- Piperazinoethyldiethylentriamine (PEDETA) (CAS-Nr. [31295-49-5]).Piperazinoethyldiethylenetriamine (PEDETA) (CAS No [31295-49-5]).
Weitere Verbindungen und Isomeren können zu geringem Masse gebildet werden, jedoch ist deren Summe neben den oben explizit erwähnten Verbindungen mengenmässig unter 3 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Gewicht des technischen TETA oder TEPA. Es kann eine Mischung von TETA und TEPA eingesetzt werden oder lediglich TETA oder lediglich TEPA.
Beide Polyamine TETA und TEPA weisen ein hohes N/C-Verhältnis auf und demzufolge kann eine Menge Aminogruppen mittels einem kleinem Molekül und demzufolge mit einer geringen Menge eingebracht werden.Other compounds and isomers can be formed to a low mass, but the sum thereof in addition to the above explicitly mentioned compounds in terms of quantity below 3 wt .-% based on the weight of the technical TETA or TEPA. A mixture of TETA and TEPA can be used or only TETA or only TEPA. Both polyamines TETA and TEPA have a high N / C ratio, and accordingly, a lot of amino groups can be introduced by means of a small molecule, and hence a small amount.
Die aus Resorcin, Formaldehyd und TETA und/oder TEPA hergestellteThose made from resorcinol, formaldehyde and TETA and / or TEPA
Mannichbase weist vorzugsweise eine Aminzahl von zwischen 800 und 1100 mg/g KOH, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 900 und 1000 mg/g KOH, bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 950 und 1000 mg/g KOH, auf. Es lassen sich Mannichbasen herstellen, welche keine messbaren Mengen an nicht umgesetzten Resorcin mehr aufweisen, die Aminzahl.Mannich base preferably has an amine number of between 800 and 1100 mg / g KOH, in particular in the range between 900 and 1000 mg / g KOH, preferably in the range between 950 and 1000 mg / g KOH. Mannich bases can be prepared which no longer have measurable amounts of unreacted resorcinol, the amine number.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft die Herstellung der beschriebenen Mannichbase. Hierzu wird Resorcin, Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin mit Formaldehyd bei einer Temperatur von unter 250C zur Reaktion gebracht. Insbesondere wird zu einer Vormischung von Resorcin und Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin Formaldehyd unter Rühren und Kühlen, auf eine Temperatur unter 25 0C, insbesondere unter 150C, zugegeben. Die Zugabe erfolgt vorzugsweise portionenweise, insbesondere als Zutropfen. Die Resorcin/[TETA und/oder TEPA]- Vormischung wird vorzugsweise vorgängig auf eine Temperatur von etwa 8O0C aufgeheizt um das Resorcin zu lösen und wieder abgekühlt, bevor das Formaldehyd zugegeben wird. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es von Vorteil ist, wenn die Vormischung weiterhin ein Lösungsmittel, insbesondere ein Alkohol, bevorzugt Methanol, umfasst, um das Resorcin besser zu lösen und um die Viskosität zu senken, und welches vor der Reaktion mit Formaldehyd zugegeben wird. Insbesondere vorteilhaft wird das Lösungsmittel bereits ganz am Anfang, d.h. bei der Herstellung der Vormischung, verwendet. Nachdem das Formaldehyd zugetropft worden ist, wird vorzugsweise das Reaktionsgemisch auf eine Temperatur erhöht und insbesondere auf etwa 95 0C und gleichzeitig ein leichtes Vakuum von typischerweise 0.6 bis 0.9 bar angesetzt. Hierbei wird das allenfalls durchs Formaldehyd eingebrachte Wasser, sowie das gebildete Wasser sowie das
gegebenenfalls verwendete Lösungsmittel abdestilliert. Das verwendete Lösungsmittel ist demzufolge vorteilhaft so auszuwählen, dass es bei dieser Temperatur und Druck leicht abzudestillieren ist.Another aspect of the present invention relates to the preparation of the described Mannich base. For this purpose, resorcin, triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine with formaldehyde at a temperature below 25 0 C is reacted. Specifically, to a premix of resorcinol and triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine formaldehyde under stirring and cooling to a temperature below 25 0 C, especially below 15 0 C, is added. The addition is preferably carried out in portions, in particular as a drop of. The resorcinol / [TETA and / or TEPA] premix is preferably previously heated to a temperature of about 8O 0 C to dissolve the resorcinol and cooled again before the formaldehyde is added. It has been shown that it is advantageous if the premix further comprises a solvent, in particular an alcohol, preferably methanol, in order to better dissolve the resorcinol and lower the viscosity, and which is added before the reaction with formaldehyde. Particularly advantageously, the solvent is already used at the very beginning, ie in the preparation of the premix. After the formaldehyde has been added dropwise, the reaction mixture is preferably raised to a temperature and in particular to about 95 0 C and at the same time a slight vacuum of typically 0.6 to 0.9 bar set. Here, the possibly introduced by the formaldehyde water, and the water formed and the distilled off any solvents used. The solvent used is therefore advantageous to select so that it is easy to distill off at this temperature and pressure.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich gezeigt, dass die Mannichbasen auch ohne die Anwesenheit von zusätzlichen tertiären Aminen, welche nicht bereits in technischem Triethylentetramin und/oder technischem Tetraethylenpentamin vorhanden sind, hergestellt werden können.It has been found to be particularly advantageous that the Mannich bases can also be prepared without the presence of additional tertiary amines which are not already present in technical triethylenetetramine and / or technical tetraethylenepentamine.
Die molaren Verhältnisse von Resorcin zu Formaldehyd zur Summe von TETA und TEPA sind insbesondere 1 : 1.5-2.5 : 2.5-3.5. Als besonders geeig- net hat sich ein derartiges Verhältnis von 1 zu etwa 2 zu etwa 3 erwiesen.The molar ratios of resorcinol to formaldehyde to the sum of TETA and TEPA are in particular 1: 1.5-2.5: 2.5-3.5. Such a ratio of 1 to about 2 to about 3 has proven particularly suitable.
Die derart gebildete Mannichbase ist vorzugsweise frei von nicht umgesetztem Resorcin, d.h. dass keine messbaren Mengen von Resorcin in der Mannichbase vorhanden sind, und weist insbesondere eine Aminzahl von zwischen 800 und 1100 mg/g KOH, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 900 und 1000 mg/g KOH, bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 950 und 1000 mg/g KOH, auf.The Mannich base so formed is preferably free of unreacted resorcinol, i. that no measurable amounts of resorcinol are present in the Mannich base, and in particular has an amine number of between 800 and 1100 mg / g KOH, in particular in the range between 900 and 1000 mg / g KOH, preferably in the range between 950 and 1000 mg / g KOH , on.
Die Mannichbase kann als solche oder in einer Zusammensetzung eingesetzt werden.The Mannich base can be used as such or in a composition.
Die Mannichbasen eignen sich insbesondere als Härter für eine Amin- reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist. Als derartige Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen kommen insbesondere Glycidylether- und/oder Isocyanat-Gruppen in Betracht. In einer Ausführungsform ist die Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist, ein Diglycidylether. Insbesondere ist es ein Diglycidylether von Bisphenol-A, Bisphenol-F oder Bisphenol-A/F, ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist ein derartiger Diglycidylether ein sogenanntes Flüssigharz, insbesondere wie sie unter dem Handelsnamen Araldite® GY 250, Araldite® PY 304, Araldite® GY 282 (Huntsman) oder D. E. R 331 (Dow) auf dem Markt erhältlich sind.The Mannich bases are particularly suitable as hardeners for an amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups. Suitable amine-reactive functional groups are, in particular, glycidyl ether and / or isocyanate groups. In one embodiment, the amine-reactive substance having at least two amine-reactive functional groups is a diglycidyl ether. In particular, it is a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F or bisphenol-A / F. More preferably, such a diglycidyl ether is a so-called liquid resin, especially as available on the market under the trade name Araldite® GY 250, Araldite® PY 304, Araldite® GY 282 (Huntsman) or D.E. R 331 (Dow).
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist, ein
Polyisocyanat oder ein mindestens zwei Isocyanat-Gruppen aufweisendes Prepolymer ist. Als Polyisocyanat sind insbesondere 1 ,6-Hexamethylen- diisocyanat (HDI), 2,2,4- und 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1 ,6-hexamethylendiisocyanat (TMDI), 1 -lsocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexan (=lsopho- rondiisocyanat oder IPDI), 2,4- und 2,6-Toluylendiisocyanat (TDI) sowie 4,4'-, 2,4'- und 2,2'-Diphenylmethandiisocyanat (MDI) geeignet. Als mindestens zwei Isocyanat-Gruppen aufweisendes Prepolymer sind insbesondere derartige Prepolymere, welche erhältlich aus mindestens einem der vorgenannten Polyisocyanate und mindestens einem Polyol sind. Als Polyole eignen sich insbesondere Polyoxyalkylenpolyole oder Polyesterpolyole mit mindestens zwei OH-Gruppen, insbesondere mit 2 oder mit 3 OH-Gruppen.In another embodiment, the amine-reactive substance having at least two amine-reactive functional groups, a Polyisocyanate or a prepolymer having at least two isocyanate groups. As polyisocyanate are in particular 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl -5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (= isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and also 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) suitable. As prepolymers having at least two isocyanate groups are, in particular, those prepolymers which are obtainable from at least one of the abovementioned polyisocyanates and at least one polyol. Particularly suitable polyols are polyoxyalkylene polyols or polyester polyols having at least two OH groups, in particular 2 or 3 OH groups.
Durch Mischen der Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist, mit der erfindungsgemässen Mannichbase tritt eine Reaktion der Aminischen Gruppen der Mannichbasen mit den Amin-reaktiven funktionellen Gruppen der Amin-reaktiven Substanz auf und es erfolgt eine Aushärtung.By mixing the amine-reactive substance, which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups, with the novel Mannich base, a reaction of the amine groups of the Mannich bases with the amine-reactive functional groups of the amine-reactive substance occurs and curing takes place.
Somit umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung auch eine zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung, welche aus einer ersten Komponente K1 und einer zweiten Komponente K2 besteht. Die erste Komponente K1 umfasst mindestens einen Amin-reaktive Verbindung mit mindestens zwei funktionellen Gruppen, welche mit Aminen reagieren können. Die zweite Komponente K2 umfasst mindestens eine Mannichbase, wie sie vorher bereits beschrieben wurde. Die als Amin-reaktive Verbindungen, welche mindestens zwei funktionelle Gruppen aufweisen, welche mit Aminen reagieren können, geeignete Verbindungen sind bereits vorgängig beschrieben worden.Thus, the present invention also includes a two-component composition consisting of a first component K1 and a second component K2. The first component K1 comprises at least one amine-reactive compound having at least two functional groups which can react with amines. The second component K2 comprises at least one Mannich base, as previously described. The compounds which are suitable as amine-reactive compounds which have at least two functional groups which can react with amines have already been described above.
Die erste Komponente K1 umfasst vorteilhaft mehrere Amin-reaktive Verbindungen. So wird insbesondere die Verwendung von einem höher viskosen und einer niedrigviskosen Amin-reaktive Verbindung empfohlen. Als niedrigviskose Amin-reaktive Verbindung werden besonderes sogenannte Reaktiwerdünner bevorzugt.The first component K1 advantageously comprises several amine-reactive compounds. In particular, the use of a more viscous and a lower viscosity amine-reactive compound is recommended. As the low-viscosity amine-reactive compound, special so-called reactive diluents are preferred.
Die zweite Komponente K2 kann neben der Mannichbase weitere Amine enthalten. Insbesondere handelt es sich hierbei um ein aliphatisches
oder cycloaliphatisches Amin, bevorzugt lsophorondiamin (IPDA), enthält. Weiterhin bevorzugt kann die Komponente K2 TETA oder TEPA enthalten. Dieses zusätzliche Amin kann bereits am Ende der Mannichbase oder erst beim Formulieren der Komponente K2 beigefügt werden. Beide Komponenten K1 und K2 können bei Bedarf weitere demThe second component K2 may contain, in addition to the Mannich base, further amines. In particular, this is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine, preferably isophoronediamine (IPDA). Further preferably, the component K2 may contain TETA or TEPA. This additional amine can be added already at the end of Mannich base or only when formulating component K2. Both components K1 and K2 can be added to the
Fachmann bekannte Inhaltsstoffe umfassen. Derartige weitere Inhaltsstoffe sind insbesondere Füllstoffe, Weichmacher, Lösungsmittel, Katalysatoren und/oder Additive.Those skilled in the art include known ingredients. Such further ingredients are in particular fillers, plasticizers, solvents, catalysts and / or additives.
Als Füllstoffe gelten insbesondere Russe, Kreiden, insbesondere beschichtete Kreiden, Sande, Silikate, Leichtfüllstoffe, wie Keramik- oder Glaskugeln, insbesondere Keramik- oder Glashohlkugeln, pyrogene Kieselsäuren, Flugasche, als bevorzugt.Particularly suitable fillers are Russian, chalks, in particular coated chalks, sands, silicates, light fillers, such as ceramic or glass spheres, in particular ceramic or glass hollow spheres, pyrogenic silicic acids, fly ash.
Als Lösungsmittel werden insbesondere derartige Lösungsmittel bevorzugt, welche nicht als VOC „volatile organic Compounds" eingestuft werden. Besonders bevorzugt werden höher siedende Kohlenwasserstoffe.Particularly preferred solvents are solvents which are not classified as VOC "volatile organic compounds." Particularly preferred are higher-boiling hydrocarbons.
Als Weichmacher sind insbesondere Phthalate und Adipate, insbesondere Diisodecylphthalat (DIDP) und Dioctyladipat (DOA).As plasticizers are in particular phthalates and adipates, in particular diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA).
Derartige zwei komponentige Zusammensetzungen lassen sich breit einsetzen. Insbesondere bevorzugt ist deren Verwendung als Klebstoff oderSuch two component compositions can be widely used. Particularly preferred is their use as an adhesive or
Dichtstoff, insbesondere als struktureller Klebstoff. Es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, dass die mittels den erfindungsgemässen Mannichbasen erzielbarenSealant, especially as a structural adhesive. It has been shown that the achievable by means of the novel Mannich bases
Eigenschaften insbesondere im Klebstoffbereich besonders erwünscht sind.Properties are particularly desirable, especially in the adhesive sector.
Insbesondere hat sich gezeigt, dass sich hohe Aushärtungsge- schwindigkeiten, insbesondere bei tiefen Temperaturen, erzielen lassen und dass hohe Glasübergangstemperaturen (Tg) erreicht werden können, auch wenn die Aushärtung kalt erfolgt, d.h. bei Raumtemperaturen. Dies ist besonders wichtig für Epoxidharz- Zusammensetzungen, da bisher für dieIn particular, it has been found that high cure rates, especially at low temperatures, can be achieved and that high glass transition temperatures (Tg) can be achieved even if the cure is cold, i. at room temperatures. This is particularly important for epoxy resin compositions, since so far for the
Erzielung von hohen Tgs eingesetzte Mannichbasen-freie Aminhärter, zum Beispiel lsophorondiamin basierende Härter, entweder bei hohenAchieving high Tgs-substituted Mannich base free amine hardeners, for example, isophoronediamine-based hardeners, either at high levels
Temperaturen, d.h. über 6O0C, umgesetzt werden musste oder für welche nach der Raumtemperaturaushärtung eine Nachtemperung, d.h. nachfolgendeTemperatures, ie above 6O 0 C, had to be implemented or for which after the room temperature curing a post-annealing, ie subsequent
Erwärmung auf Temperaturen von über 6O0C, eingesetzt werden musste.
Zudem tritt mit Mannichbasen-freie Aminhärtem umgesetzten Epoxydharzen vielfach das Problem auf, dass die Aushärtung im sogenannten Beta-Stadium stehen bleibt und die Endfestigkeit nur über ein nachfolgendes Erwärmen ermöglicht ist. Zudem Hessen sich derartige Mannichbasen-freie Aminhärtem bei Temperaturen unter 1O0C insbesondere unter 50C nicht oder nur sehr schlecht aushärten. Diese Nachteile des Standes der Technik können durch erfindungsgemässe Mannichbasen behoben werden. Insbesondere lassen sich nach Aushärtung bei Raumtemperatur Glasumwandlungstemperaturen von über 8O0C erreichen, ohne dass ein Nachtempern nötig ist. Zudem härten der- artige Zusammensetzung auch bei tiefen Temperaturen, insbesondere unter 10°C, bevorzugt zwischen -10°C und 50C aus.Heating to temperatures above 6O 0 C, had to be used. In addition, with Mannichbasen-free amine hardened epoxy resins often occurs the problem that the curing in the so-called beta-stage stops and the final strength is only possible through a subsequent heating. In addition, Hesse is such Mannich base-free or not harden Aminhärtem at temperatures below 1O 0 C and especially below 5 0 C very bad. These disadvantages of the prior art can be remedied by Mannich bases according to the invention. In particular, after curing at room temperature glass transition temperatures of over 8O 0 C can be achieved without a post-annealing is necessary. In addition, DER-like composition of cure even at low temperatures, particularly below 10 ° C, preferably of between -10 ° C and 5 0 C.
Für alle Anwendungen ist es, insbesondere aus ökotoxikologischen und arbeitshygenischen Aspekten, wichtig, dass mit den erfindungsgemässen Mannichbasen Härterkomponenten zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, welche frei von Phenolen, aber auch frei von anderen phenolischen Verbindungen, und bevorzugt auch frei, d.h. nicht mehr messbare Mengen enthaltend, von nicht umgesetzten Resorcin sind.For all applications, it is important, in particular from ecotoxicological and working-physiological aspects, that hardener components can be made available with the novel Mannich bases which are free of phenols but also free of other phenolic compounds, and preferably also free, i. no longer containing measurable amounts of unreacted resorcinol.
Nach dem Mischen der Komponenten K1 und K2 der beschriebenen zweikomponentigen Zusammensetzung wird der Klebstoff auf eine Substratoberfläche appliziert und mit einer weiteren Substartoberfläche gefügt. Die ausgehärtete Zusammensetzung wirkt als Klebschicht, welche befähigt ist, Kräfte zwischen den zwei Substratoberflächen des gebildeten Verbundkörpers zu übertragen. Die zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung eignet sich aufgrund ihrerAfter mixing the components K1 and K2 of the described two-component composition, the adhesive is applied to a substrate surface and joined to another surface of the substrate. The cured composition acts as an adhesive layer capable of transferring forces between the two substrate surfaces of the formed composite. The two-component composition is suitable because of their
Eigenschaften speziell gut als struktureller Klebstoff im Hoch- und Tiefbau, sowie in der Industrie.Properties especially good as a structural adhesive in civil engineering, as well as in industry.
Beispielsweise kann eine derartige zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung, insbesondere eine zwei komponentige Epoxidharz-Zusammensetzung, d.h. wo die Komponente K1 einen Diglycidylether umfasst, als Klebstoff für das Verkleben von faserverstärkten Composites eingesetzt werden. Ein illustrierendes Beispiel hierfür ist das Verkleben von Kohlenfaser-Lamellen beim Verstärken von Bauwerken, wie Brücken.
Weiterhin können erfindungsgemässe zwei komponentige Zusammensetzungen, insbesondere eine zwei komponentige Epoxidharz-Zusammensetzung, als Kunststoffmatrix für die Herstellung von faserverstärkten Composites eingesetzt werden. So lassen sich beispielsweise Kohlen- oder Glasfasern in eine zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung einbetten und können im ausgehärteten Zustand als Faser-Composite, beispielsweise in Form einer Lamelle, zum Einsatz kommen.For example, such a two-component composition, especially a two-part epoxy resin composition, ie where component K1 comprises a diglycidyl ether, can be used as an adhesive for the bonding of fiber-reinforced composites. An illustrative example of this is the bonding of carbon fiber fins in reinforcing structures such as bridges. Furthermore, inventive two-component compositions, in particular a two-component epoxy resin composition, can be used as a plastic matrix for the production of fiber-reinforced composites. For example, carbon or glass fibers can be embedded in a two-component composition and can be used in the cured state as a fiber composite, for example in the form of a lamella.
Ebenso können beispielsweise Fasergewebe oder -gelege mittels einer zwei komponentigen Zusammensetzung, insbesondere mittels einer zweikomponentigen Epoxidharz-Zusammensetzung, auf ein Bauwerk appliziert werden, und dort mit dem Bauwerk zusammen ein faserverstärktes Composite bilden.Likewise, for example, fiber fabric or scrim can be applied by means of a two-component composition, in particular by means of a two-component epoxy resin composition, to a building, and together with the building together form a fiber-reinforced composite.
BeispieleExamples
Herstellung Mannichbasen a) mit LösungsmittelverdünnungPreparation Mannich bases a) with solvent dilution
1 Mol der in Tabelle 1 angegebenen phenolischen Verbindung wurde mit 3 Mol des in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Polyamins in technischer Qualität mit 90 g Methanol in einem Reaktionsgefäss unter Stickstoff vorgelegt und allenfalls bis maximal 8O0C erwärmt, bis das Phenol in Lösung ging. Anschliessend wurde mittels Eisbad auf eine Temperatur zwischen 2 und 13 0C gekühlt. Unter Rühren wurde anschliessend 2 Mol Formaldehyd (als 37 % Formalin Lösung eingesetzt) unter intensivem Rühren und Eisbadkühlung zugetropft. Nachdem das Formaldehyd vollständig zugetropft wurde bei einem Druck von 400 mbar die Temperatur langsam auf 90 0C erhöht. Schliesslich wurde das Vakuum erhöht auf 50 mbar. Die erhaltene Menge Destillates entspricht der Menge der theoretischen Menge des Methanols und Wassers, welches eingesetzt und sich gebildet hat.
1 mol of the phenolic compound shown in Table 1 was initially charged with 3 mol of the specified in Table 1 polyamine with 90 g of methanol in a reaction vessel under nitrogen and heated to a maximum of 8O 0 C until the phenol went into solution. Subsequently, it was cooled by means of ice bath to a temperature between 2 and 13 0 C. With stirring, 2 moles of formaldehyde (used as 37% formalin solution) were then added dropwise with vigorous stirring and ice bath cooling. After the formaldehyde was completely added dropwise at a pressure of 400 mbar, the temperature slowly increased to 90 0 C. Finally, the vacuum was increased to 50 mbar. The amount of distillates obtained corresponds to the amount of the theoretical amount of methanol and water which has been used and formed.
Tabelle 1 Eigenschaften von Mannichbasen (Variation der phenolischen Verbindung). 'Mittelwert einer Dreifachbestimmung "Nachweisgrenze unter 0.05 %TABLE 1 Properties of Mannich bases (variation of the phenolic compound). 'Average of a triple determination' detection limit below 0.05%
Die Viskosität wurde mittels Rheomat bei 2O0C gemessen Kegel/Platte (40 mm Kegel, 300 Umdrehungen/s bzw. 20mm Kegel, 50 Umdrehungen/s). Der Restgehalt des Polyamins wurde mittels GC/FID (Optima-5MS, 60 mg gelöst in 10 ml Ethylacetat, Trägergas He, externer 3 Punkt Kalibration im Konzentrationsbereich 2-6 mg/ml) und der Restgehalt der phenolischen Verbindung mittels HPLC/PDA (Varian, LiChrosphere 100 RP-18, Eluent Wasser, Acetonitil, UV 273 nm) bestimmt. Die Aminzahl wurde titrimetrisch auf einem Memotritator DL-55 der Firma Mettler, Schweiz bestimmt.The viscosity was measured by means of Rheomat at 2O 0 C cone / plate (40 mm cone, 300 revolutions / sec or 20mm cone, 50 revolutions / s). The residual content of the polyamine was determined by GC / FID (Optima-5MS, 60 mg dissolved in 10 ml ethyl acetate, carrier gas He, external 3 point calibration in the concentration range 2-6 mg / ml) and the residual content of the phenolic compound by HPLC / PDA (Varian , LiChrosphere 100 RP-18, eluent water, acetonitrile, UV 273 nm). The amine number was determined titrimetrically on a Memotritator DL-55 from Mettler, Switzerland.
b) ohne Lösunqsmittelverdünnunqb) without Lösunqsmittelverdünnunq
1 Mol Resorcin wurde mit 1.7 Mol des in Tabelle 2 angegebenen Polyamins in technischer Qualität in einem Reaktionsgefäss unter Stickstoff vorgelegt und auf 14O0C erwärmt, bis kein festes Resorcin mehr vorhanden war. Anschliessend wurde mittels Eisbad auf eine Temperatur zwischen 9O0C und 8O0C gekühlt, nochmals 1.7 Mol des in Tabelle 2 angegebenen Polyamins
in technischer Qualität zugegeben und auf eine Temperatur zwischen 50C und 1O0C gekühlt. Unter Rühren wurde anschliessend 2 Mol Formaldehyd (als 37 % Formalin Lösung eingesetzt) unter intensivem Rühren und Eisbadkühlung zugetropft. Nachdem das Formaldehyd vollständig zugetropft war bei einem Druck von 400 mbar die Temperatur langsam auf 15O0C erhöht. Schliesslich wurde das Vakuum erhöht auf 50 mbar. Die erhaltene Menge Destillates entspricht der Menge der theoretischen Menge des Wassers, welches eingesetzt und sich gebildet hat. Es resultierte bei M2 und M3 jeweils eine stabile Mannichbase, während die Referenzbeispiele mit IPDA (Ref. MS), Diethylentriamin (DETA) (Ref. M4) als Polyamin gelierten.1 mol of resorcinol was initially charged with 1.7 mol of the specified in Table 2 polyamine in a reaction vessel under nitrogen and heated to 14O 0 C until no solid resorcinol was present. Subsequently, it was cooled by means of an ice bath to a temperature between 9O 0 C and 8O 0 C, again 1.7 mol of the polyamine indicated in Table 2 added in technical grade and cooled to a temperature between 5 0 C and 1O 0 C. With stirring, 2 moles of formaldehyde (used as 37% formalin solution) were then added dropwise with vigorous stirring and ice bath cooling. After the formaldehyde was completely added dropwise at a pressure of 400 mbar, the temperature slowly increased to 15O 0 C. Finally, the vacuum was increased to 50 mbar. The amount of distillates obtained corresponds to the amount of theoretical amount of water used and formed. In each case a stable Mannich base resulted in M2 and M3, while the reference examples gel with IPDA (Ref. MS), diethylenetriamine (DETA) (Ref. M4) as polyamine.
Tabelle 2 Mannichbasen Variation des Polyamins.Table 2 Mannich bases Variation of the polyamine.
Verwendung als HärterUse as hardener
Die Mannichbasen wurden als Härterkomponente K2 für eine Epoxydharzkomponente K1 eingesetzt. Die Epoxydharzkomponente bestand entweder aus 80 Gew.-% Diglycidylether von Bisphenol-A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) und 20 Gew.-% Hexandioldiglycidylether (Araldite® DY-H, Huntsman, Epoxyzahl 6.25 - 6.65) (K1-1) oder aus 85 Gew.-% Diglycidylether von Bisphenol-A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) und 15 Gew.-% Trimethylolpropantriglycidylether (Araldite® DY - T / CH, Huntsman) (K1-2).
The Mannich bases were used as hardener component K2 for an epoxy resin component K1. The epoxy resin component consisted of either 80% by weight of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) and 20% by weight of hexanediol diglycidyl ether (Araldite® DY-H, Huntsman, Epoxy Number 6.25-6.65) (K1-1) or from 85% by weight of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (Araldite® GY 250, Huntsman) and 15% by weight of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (Araldite® DY-T / CH, Huntsman) (K1-2).
Tabelle 3. Eigenschaften ausgehärteter Zusammensetzungen. n.b.=nicht bestimmt.Table 3. Properties of cured compositions. n.b. = not determined.
Die Topfzeit wurde bestimmt, indem 100 g der gemischten Komponenten bei Raumtemperatur in einem Becher mittels Spatel gerührt wurde. Als Topfzeit wurde diejenige Zeit angegeben, bei welcher der Ansatz gelierte. Die Zugfestigkeit (ZF (1d)) und die Bruchdehnung (BD(I D)) wurden nach 1 Tag Aushärtung bei Raumtemperatur nach ISO 527 mit einer Messgeschwindigkeit von 5 mm/min auf einer Zwick-Zugfestigkeitsapparatur gemessen. Die Glasumwandlungstemperatur wurde als Peakmaximum mittels DSC (0- 25O0C 107min) gemessen.The pot life was determined by stirring 100 g of the mixed components at room temperature in a beaker by means of a spatula. The pot life was the time at which the batch gelled. The tensile strength (ZF (1d)) and the elongation at break (BD (ID)) were measured after 1 day of curing at room temperature according to ISO 527 at a measuring speed of 5 mm / min on a Zwick tensile machine. The glass transition temperature was measured as peak maximum by means of DSC (0-25O 0 C 107 min).
Verwendung als KlebstoffUse as an adhesive
Mit den Zusammensetzungen Z1 und Z2 wurden Aluminiumplatten sowieWith the compositions Z1 and Z2 were aluminum plates as well
Stahlplatten verklebt. Die Klebstoffe zeigten gute Haftung und guteGlued steel plates. The adhesives showed good adhesion and good
Verbundfestigkeiten.Bond strengths.
Weiterhin wurde die Mannichbase M1 als Härterkomponente K2 mit der A-Komponente des Sikadur®-30 (kommerziell erhältlich bei Sika Schweiz AG), welche auf Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether und einem Epoxy-Reaktiwerdün- ner basiert, als Komponente K1 im Mischungsverhältnis 1 :10 gemischt und eine Beton-Platte mit einer Betondecke verklebt. Die Verklebung wies eine gute Haftung sowie eine gute Verbundfestigkeit auf.
Furthermore, the Mannich base M1 as hardener component K2 with the A component of Sikadur®-30 (commercially available from Sika Schweiz AG), which is based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and an epoxy reactive diluent, was prepared as component K1 in a mixing ratio of 1: 10 mixed and glued a concrete slab with a concrete ceiling. The bond had a good adhesion and a good bond strength.
Claims
1. Mannichbase, welche aus Resorcin, Formaldehyd sowie Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin herstellbar sind.1. Mannich base, which can be produced from resorcinol, formaldehyde and triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine.
2. Mannichbase gemäss Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Molverhältnisse Resorcin : Formaldehyd: (Triethylentetramin + Tetraethylenpentamin) = 1 : 1.5-2.5 : 2.5-3.5, insbesondere 1 : etwa 2 : etwa 3, betragen.2. Mannich base according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratios of resorcinol: formaldehyde: (triethylenetetramine + tetraethylenepentamine) = 1: 1.5-2.5: 2.5-3.5, in particular 1: about 2: about 3, be.
3. Mannichbase gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin ein Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin in technischer Qualität ist.3. Mannich base according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine is a triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine in technical grade.
4. Mannichbase gemäss einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aminzahl zwischen 800 und 1100 mg/g KOH, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 900 und 1000 mg/g KOH, bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 950 und 1000 mg/g KOH, ist.4. Mannich base according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amine number is between 800 and 1100 mg / g KOH, in particular in the range between 900 and 1000 mg / g KOH, preferably in the range between 950 and 1000 mg / g KOH.
5. Mannichbase gemäss einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mannichbase keine messbaren Mengen an nicht umgesetzten Resorcin aufweist.5. Mannich base according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Mannich base has no measurable amounts of unreacted resorcinol.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mannichbase gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Resorcin, Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin mit Formaldehyd bei einer Temperatur von unter 250C zur Reaktion gebracht werden.6. A process for preparing a Mannich base according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that resorcinol, triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine are reacted with formaldehyde at a temperature of below 25 0 C.
7. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reaktion ohne Anwesenheit von zusätzlichen tertiären Aminen, welche nicht bereits in technischem Triethylentetramin und/oder technischem7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the reaction without the presence of additional tertiary amines, which are not already in technical triethylenetetramine and / or technical
Tetraethylenpentamin vorhanden sind, erfolgt. Tetraethylenepentamine are present takes place.
8. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Formaldehyd zu einer Vormischung umfassend Resorcin und Triethylentetramin und/oder Tetraethylenpentamin unter Rühren zugegeben wird.8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that formaldehyde is added to a premix comprising resorcinol and triethylenetetramine and / or tetraethylenepentamine with stirring.
9. Verfahren gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Lösungsmittel, insbesondere eine Alkohol, bevorzugt Methanol, vor der Reaktion mit Formaldehyd zugegeben wird.9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a solvent, in particular an alcohol, preferably methanol, is added before the reaction with formaldehyde.
10. Verfahren gemäss einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach der Reaktion mit Formaldehyd Wasser und gegebenenfalls Lösungsmittel abdestilliert wird.10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that after the reaction with formaldehyde, water and optionally solvent is distilled off.
11. Zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung bestehend aus einer ersten Komponente K1 , welche mindestens einen Amin-reaktive Verbindung mit mindestens zwei funktionellen Gruppen, welche mit Aminen reagieren können, umfasst, und einer zweiten Komponente K2, welche mindestens eine Mannichbase gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst.11. Two-component composition consisting of a first component K1 which comprises at least one amine-reactive compound having at least two functional groups which can react with amines, and a second component K2 which comprises at least one Mannich base according to one of claims 1 to 5 includes.
12. Zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Komponente K1 neben der Mannichbase gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, ein weiteres Amin, insbesondere ein aliphatisches oder cycloaliphatisches Amin, bevorzugt Isophoron- diamin, enthält.12. Two-component composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the first component K1 in addition to the Mannich base according to one of claims 1 to 5, a further amine, in particular an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine, preferably isophorone diamine.
13. Zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amin-reaktive Verbindung mit mindestens zwei funktionellen Gruppen, welche mit Aminen reagieren können, in der Komponente K1 ein Diglycidylether, insbesondere ein Diglycidylether von Bisphenol-A, Bisphenol-F oder Bisphenol-A/F, ist. 13. Two-component composition according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the amine-reactive compound having at least two functional groups which can react with amines, in the component K1 a diglycidyl ether, in particular a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F or bisphenol A / F.
14. Zwei komponentige Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amin-reaktive Verbindung mit mindestens zwei funktionellen Gruppen, welche mit Aminen reagieren können, in der Komponente K1 ein Polyisocyanat oder ein mindestens zwei Isocyanat-Gruppen aufweisendes Prepolymer ist.14. Two-component composition according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the amine-reactive compound having at least two functional groups which can react with amines in the component K1 is a polyisocyanate or a prepolymer having at least two isocyanate groups.
15. Verwendung der zwei komponentigen Zusammensetzung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14 als Klebstoff oder Dichtstoff, insbesondere als struktureller Klebstoff.15. Use of the two-component composition according to one of claims 11 to 14 as an adhesive or sealant, in particular as a structural adhesive.
16. Ausgehärtete Zusammensetzung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie durch Mischen und Aushärten der zwei Komponenten K1 und K2 einer zweikomponentigen Zusammensetzung gemäss einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14 erhalten wird.16. Cured composition, characterized in that it is obtained by mixing and curing the two components K1 and K2 of a two-component composition according to one of claims 11 to 14.
17. Verbundkörper, welcher durch eine ausgehärtete Zusammensetzung gemäss Anspruch 16 als Klebschicht aufweist.17. A composite body which has a cured composition according to claim 16 as an adhesive layer.
18. Verwendung einer Mannichbase gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 als Härter für eine Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin- reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist.18. Use of a Mannich base according to one of claims 1 to 5 as a curing agent for an amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups.
19. Verwendung gemäss Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist, ein Diglycidylether, insbesondere ein19. Use according to claim 18, characterized in that the amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups, a diglycidyl ether, in particular a
Diglycidylether von Bisphenol-A, Bisphenol-F oder Bisphenol-A/F, ist.Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F or bisphenol-A / F.
20. Verwendung gemäss Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amin-reaktive Substanz, welche mindestens zwei Amin-reaktive funktionelle Gruppen aufweist, ein Polyisocyanat oder ein mindestens zwei Isocyanat-Gruppen aufweisendes Prepolymer ist. 20. Use according to claim 18, characterized in that the amine-reactive substance which has at least two amine-reactive functional groups is a polyisocyanate or a prepolymer having at least two isocyanate groups.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06754919A EP1877458A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-28 | Resorcinol-based mannich base |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05103574A EP1717253A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | Mannich base based on resorcinol |
| PCT/EP2006/061917 WO2006117339A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-28 | Resorcinol-based mannich base |
| EP06754919A EP1877458A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-28 | Resorcinol-based mannich base |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1877458A1 true EP1877458A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
Family
ID=34939608
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05103574A Withdrawn EP1717253A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | Mannich base based on resorcinol |
| EP06754919A Withdrawn EP1877458A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-28 | Resorcinol-based mannich base |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05103574A Withdrawn EP1717253A1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | Mannich base based on resorcinol |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090118457A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1717253A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008539207A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20080007484A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101166772A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2006243839A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2605523A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2007012959A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2007144210A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006117339A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2030965A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | Sika Technology AG | Aldehydes containing hydroxyl groups |
| CN101717320B (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2014-06-18 | 安阳师范学院 | Preparing method of Mannich base |
| US9309354B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2016-04-12 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Thermosetting composition and process for preparing fiber-reinforced composites |
| EP2639252A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-18 | Sika Technology AG | Polymeric accelerator for two component epoxy resin |
| ES2719806T3 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2019-07-16 | Blue Cube Ip Llc | Fast curing agents for epoxy resins |
| DE102015122435A1 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Field device of automation technology and method for its production |
| WO2019221796A2 (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-11-21 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microporous carbon nanofibers |
| CN108864966A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-23 | 四川中建华兴科技有限公司 | A kind of novel reinforced type carbon cloth glue and its preparation process |
| JP2021004270A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-01-14 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | Phenol resin |
| CN111675990B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-04-19 | 山东北方现代化学工业有限公司 | Polyether amine pre-cured epoxy fast curing adhesive and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4180628A (en) * | 1978-07-18 | 1979-12-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Resin for sorption of tungsten |
| JPS5584310A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-06-25 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Preparation of chelate resin for adsorbing metal |
| DE3124370A1 (en) * | 1981-06-20 | 1982-12-30 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | USE OF MANNICH BASES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOLDED BODIES, NEW MANNICH BASES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| JPS61270345A (en) * | 1985-05-27 | 1986-11-29 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Method for concentrating indium and gallium in water |
| JPH086110B2 (en) * | 1985-11-04 | 1996-01-24 | テキサコ・デベロツプメント・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Dispersant for lubricating oil composition, method for producing the same, and composition containing the same |
| JPH0940759A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1997-02-10 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Curable epoxy resin composition |
| DE19628409A1 (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-01-22 | Hoechst Ag | Amine modified epoxy resin composition |
| CN1162395C (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2004-08-18 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | The Synthesis of Epoxy Resin Curing Agent-Cashewamine |
| EP1475411A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-11-10 | Sika Technology AG | Mannich bases and Preparation of Mannich bases |
| EP1475412A1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-11-10 | Sika Technology AG | Epoxy compositions containing a Mannich base suitable for high temperature applications |
| US20070191571A1 (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-16 | Sink Chester W | Resol beads, methods of making them, and methods of using them |
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 EP EP05103574A patent/EP1717253A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 CN CNA2006800141677A patent/CN101166772A/en active Pending
- 2006-04-28 KR KR1020077027808A patent/KR20080007484A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-28 EP EP06754919A patent/EP1877458A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-28 JP JP2008508234A patent/JP2008539207A/en active Pending
- 2006-04-28 AU AU2006243839A patent/AU2006243839A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-28 US US11/919,064 patent/US20090118457A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-28 RU RU2007144210/04A patent/RU2007144210A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-28 WO PCT/EP2006/061917 patent/WO2006117339A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-04-28 MX MX2007012959A patent/MX2007012959A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-28 CA CA002605523A patent/CA2605523A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006117339A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090118457A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
| RU2007144210A (en) | 2009-06-10 |
| MX2007012959A (en) | 2007-12-13 |
| JP2008539207A (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| CN101166772A (en) | 2008-04-23 |
| CA2605523A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| KR20080007484A (en) | 2008-01-21 |
| AU2006243839A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| WO2006117339A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| EP1717253A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
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