EP1875993B1 - Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas - Google Patents
Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1875993B1 EP1875993B1 EP07117680A EP07117680A EP1875993B1 EP 1875993 B1 EP1875993 B1 EP 1875993B1 EP 07117680 A EP07117680 A EP 07117680A EP 07117680 A EP07117680 A EP 07117680A EP 1875993 B1 EP1875993 B1 EP 1875993B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- body portion
- gripping area
- razor
- razor handle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/40—Details or accessories
- B26B21/52—Handles, e.g. tiltable, flexible
- B26B21/522—Ergonomic details, e.g. shape, ribs or rubber parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/40—Details or accessories
- B26B21/52—Handles, e.g. tiltable, flexible
- B26B21/528—Manufacture of razor handles
Description
- The invention relates to a safety razor. More particularly, the invention relates to an ergonomic razor handle provided with gripping areas provided for enhancing comfort of hand grasping during shaving operations.
- Numerous razor handles are known, comprising a body portion for hand grasping and a head portion at a front end of which a razor head is mounted via an appropriate bearing structure.
- Various kinds of razor handles have been proposed in the past for improving hand grasping by means of gripping areas provided on a top surface of the handle.
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US patent No. 5,027,511 to Miller (The Gillette Company) shows a rectilinear composite razor handle structure having a housing structure with an array of spaced apertures and a compressible resilient insert structure including projection portions which extend through the apertures. - One drawback of such a structure is that is does not facilitate certain grasping positions, such as one in which the index is applied against the top surface of the handle, in the vicinity of the razor head portion, for the index tends to slip toward the lateral sides of the housing structure, especially under aqueous and soapy conditions.
- US patent application No.
US 2004/0103545 to Dansreau (Eveready Battery Company) shows a razor handle having an outer layer made from a compressible elastomeric material and formed around an inner rigid core. The outer layer has a top surface provided with projections deemed to enhance the grip of the handle. - One drawback of such a razor handle is that it can not provide sufficient feeling of the actual position of the fingers to the user, since the gripping projections are substantially uniform along the handle.
- Although the products corresponding to these patents have found (or may find) a market, it is the inventors' opinion that they fail to allow excellent grasping and comfort while shaving, especially in certain grasping positions.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a razor handle with improved ergonomics, in order to enhance the grasping and comfort qualities of the razor handle while shaving.
- The proposed razor handle comprises:
- a head portion provided, at a front end thereof, with a bearing structure for connection to a razor head,
- and an elongated body portion having an upper surface,
- Such a design provides improved gripping and finger rest comfort in certain shaving positions. The index of the user is guided by touch feeling to the gripping area, which is located at a distance of the skin ensuring precise and comfortable shaving.
- The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
-
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FIG. 1 is a front top perspective view of a razor according to the teaching of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is an exploded bottom perspective view of the razor offigure 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the handle of the razor of the preceding figures. -
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the razor handle offigure 3 , taken along the arrow IV. -
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the distribution of the centers of curvature of the edge curve of the top surface of the razor handle. -
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the evolution of the radius of curvature of the edge curve of the top surface of the razor handle, along the length thereof. -
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the razor handle offigure 3 , taken along the arrow VII. -
FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the razor handle of the preceding figures. -
FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of the razor handle of the preceding figures. -
FIG. 10 is an elevation longitudinal sectional view of the razor handle offigure 7 , taken along the line X-X. -
FIG. 11 is a partial plan sectional view showing the head portion of the razor handle offigure 3 , taken along the line XI-XI. -
FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of the razor handle taken on the other side, with respect offigure 3 . -
FIG. 13A to 13L are cross sectional views of the razor handle offigure 12 , taken along the lines XIIIA-XIIIA to XIIIL-XIIIL, respectively. -
FIG. 14 is a side elevational exploded view showing both components of the razor handle. -
FIG. 15 and16 are respectively a front top perspective view and a back bottom perspective view showing the elastomeric member and the rigid member composing the razor handle. -
FIG. 17A to 17G are perspective views showing the razor and its mirror image, and illustrate various ways of grasping the razor handle, depending of the shaving positions. - Referring to
figures 1 and2 , there is shown asafety razor 1 comprising ahandle 2 defining afront end 3 and aback end 4 opposite thefront end 3, and having aelongated body portion 5 for hand grasping of thehandle 2, extending longitudinally from theback end 4 to a location near thefront end 3, the razor further comprising ahead portion 6 in the continuation of thebody portion 5 up to thefront end 3. -
Razor 1 also comprises a razor head 7 including blades mounted in a head structure defining in a known manner a guard and a cap, and connected, at thefront end 3, to thehead portion 6 by means ofbearing structures 8. - The following description will often make reference to different hand grasping positions of the
handle 2. Various positions are illustrated onfigures 17A to 17G , where the numbers in circles designate the fingers of the human hand: ① the thumb, ② the index, ③ the second finger, ④ the ring finger and ⑤ the small finger. The depicted positions offigures 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D, 17E, 17F and 17G are respectively called first position, second position, third position, fourth position, fifth position, sixth position and seventh position. - Referring now to
figure 3 , it can be seen thatrazor handle 2 has a generally curved shape. Thehandle 2 defines a length comprised between about 12 cm and 14 cm, as measured along its curvature between thefront end 3 and theback end 4. Thebody portion 5 is about 10 cm to about 12 cm in length, whereas thehead portion 6 is about 2 cm to 3 cm in length. In a preferred embodiment, therazor handle 2 is 13.5 cm in length, thebody portion 5 being 11 cm in length and thehead portion 6, 2.5 cm. -
Handle 2 has, extending along its length, anupper surface 9, alower surface 10 opposite theupper surface 9, andside surfaces upper surface 9 andlower surface 10. -
Handle 2 is symmetrical with respect of a median plane P made visible onfigures 1 and2 through its lines L1, L2 of intersection with thehandle 2, respectively on theupper surface 9 and thelower surface 10. - As depicted on
figure 3 ,upper surface 9 is, from a side view, arcuate and convex in the longitudinal direction. It can also be seen onfigures 13A to 13L thatupper surface 9 is also arcuate and convex in cross section (i.e. perpendicular to the symmetry plane P of handle 2). - As depicted on
figures 5 and6 , which show diagrammatically the evolution, from a side view, of the radius of curvature of upper surface 9 (in other words, the radius of curvature of the line L1) along the length of therazor handle 2, the radius of curvature is not constant but continuously increases longitudinally (i.e. along the length of the razor handle 2), from theback end 4 toward amedian location 13 in the vicinity of half the length of therazor handle 2, whereas the radius of curvature continuously decreases, longitudinally, from themedian location 13 toward thefront end 3 of thehandle 2. In other words, theupper surface 9 is the more curved near itsends - Such a shape of the
upper surface 9 increases ergonomics of thehandle 9, its curvature following the natural curvature of the human hand, thereby enhancing grasping comfort. - The
upper surface 9 and thelower surface 10 together define, from a side view in the symmetry plane, a height H of thehandle 2. It is visible onfigure 3 that the height is not constant along the length of thehandle 2, thelower surface 10 being convex at the vicinity of theends handle 2 and concave towards the middle thereof. More precisely, the smallest height H1 of thehandle 2 is located about two thirds of the length of thebody portion 5, measured from toback end 4 toward thefront end 3, so that thehandle 2 defines twothicker portions thinner portion 16. This allows for more easy and comfortable finger positioning before and during shaving operations, especially in the third position (figure 17C ). - Referring to
figures 4 and7 , it can be seen that from a top view thebody portion 5 has aneck portion 17 in the vicinity of thehead portion 6, located at about one third of the length of thebody portion 5, measured from theback end 4, and where the width W of the razor, i.e. the distance between theside surfaces - More precisely, from a top view, each
side surface neck portion 17. Such a circle has a radius of about 5 cm to about 10 cm, and preferably of about 6 cm. - This particular shape of the
neck portion 17 aims at facilitating hand grasping, especially in the first position (figure 17A ), which appears to be the most common shaving position. - As depicted on
figures 4 and7 , the width W of thehandle 2 is maximized in the vicinity of theback end 4, and at the junction between thebody portion 5 and thehead portion 6. Asecondary neck portion 18 is defined in thehead portion 6, provided with oppositeside gripping areas 19 comprising a series of spacedribs 20. This enhances finger gripping of thehandle 2, especially in a shaving position where the thumb and the index finger are positioned very close to the razor head 7 for satisfying the need of precise shaving, such as mustache trimming, thebody portion 5 of thehandle 2 being either free or grasped between the small finger and the palm of the hand. - As depicted on
figures 13A to 13K , which are cross sections of thehandle 2 taken regularly all along thebody portion 5, the side surfaces 11, 12 converge at the opposite of theupper surface 9, all along the length of thebody portion 2. In other words, thebody portion 5 has a general triangular shape in cross section, except in a zone located near theback end 4 of thehandle 2, where thelower surface 10 is provided with a flat orconcave recess 21 designed for facilitating finger gripping in certain hand grasping positions. In this zone, the general shape of thebody portion 5 in cross section is trapezoidal, as depicted onfigures 13C and 13D . - It can be seen on
figures 13B to 13K that, except in the immediate vicinity of theback end 4 of the razor handle 2 (figure 13A ), the angular aperture defined between the side surfaces is less than about 90°. - Such a triangular shape allows for firm gripping and comfortable grasping of the
handle 2, especially in the first position (figure 17A ). - It can be seen on
figures 13A to 13K that eachside surface head portion 6 has aconcave portion 22 designed for facilitating hand grasping, especially in the first, second, and sixth positions (figures 17A, 17B and 17F ), and also except in the vicinity of theback end 4, where eachside surface concave portion 23 about 1 cm in length located at a distance of about 3 cm from theback end 4, and also designed for facilitating hand grasping, especially in the fourth position (figure 17D ) and seventh position (figure 17G ). - The razor handle 2 is of the composite type and is made of a
rigid core 24 made of a moldable nonelastomeric material such as polypropylene or ABS resin, and alayer 25 made of a compressible elastomeric material (thermoplastic rubber) such as Santoprene. - The
rigid core 24 provides structural strength to thehandle 2 while thelayer 25 of compressible elastomeric material provides the softness required for comfortable hand grasping and firm finger gripping in any shaving position. - The
layer 25 of compressible elastomeric material defines the majority of theupper surface 9 on thebody portion 5; it also defines part of thelower surface 10, from theback end 4 to themedian location 13, and overflows at 26 the side surfaces 11, 12. - The
rigid core 24 defines: - part of the side surfaces 11, 12 between the
side overflowing portions 26 of thelayer 25 of compressible elastomeric material, from a location near theback end 4 to themedian location 13, - part of the side surfaces 11, 12 and the whole
lower surface 10 from themedian location 13 to thehead portion 6, and - substantially the
whole head portion 6, including theside ribs 20 which are therefore integral with therigid core 24. - As depicted on
figures 1 and4 , thebody portion 5 is provided with a local upper front gripping orfinger rest area 27 comprising a plurality of spacedprojections 28 in the form of pins protruding from theupper surface 9. The grippingarea 27 is centered on apoint 29 which is located at a distance of at least 3 cm from thefront end 3. Such a location provides improved gripping and finger rest comfort in certain shaving positions, such as the first position (figure 17A ), wherein the index of the user is located at a distance of the skin to be shaved allowing for precise and comfortable shaving. - As depicted on
figure 1 , thelayer 25 of compressible elastomeric material forms the upperfront gripping area 27, the projections being therefore integral withlayer 25, thereby increasing the gripping properties of thehandle 2, at least in the first position (figure 17A ). It can be seen onfigure 4 that the upperfront gripping area 27 is shaped like a bullet having a longitudinal length of about 2 cm, which suits the index finger tip. - The
body portion 5 is also provided with a local lowerfront gripping area 30 located opposite the upperfront gripping area 27, comprising a plurality of spacedprojections 31 protruding from thelower surface 10. As at this location thelower surface 10 of thebody portion 5 is formed by therigid core 24, theprojections 31, in the form of pins, are integral with therigid core 24. The lowerfront gripping area 30 provides, in combination with the upperfront gripping area 27, enhanced gripping properties in certain shaving positions, such as the one (not depicted) where the razor handle 2 is grasped between the thumb and the index in the vicinity of thehead portion 6, whereas the rest of thehandle 2 is free. Such a shaving position, in which the index rests onto the upperfront gripping area 27 while the thumb rests onto the lowerfront gripping area 30, is sometimes used for precise shaving operations, such as mustache trimming. - The
body portion 5 is also provided with a local upperback gripping area 32 comprising a plurality of spacedprojections 33 in the form of pins protruding from theupper surface 9, centered on apoint 34 located at a distance of about 2 cm from theback end 4 of thebody portion 5, the body portion also comprising a local lowerback gripping area 35, located substantially opposite the upperback gripping area 32, comprising a plurality of spacedprojections 36 in the form of pins protruding from therecess 21 in thelower surface 10 and centered on apoint 37 located at a distance of about 2,5 cm from theback end 4. As in this region the upper andlower surfaces layer 25 of compressible elastomeric material, thepins back gripping areas elastomeric layer 25. This enhances hand grasping in certain shaving positions, such as the fourth position (figure 17D ), or in a position where the razor handle is held between the index and the thumb, the thumb resting on the lowerback gripping area 35 whereas the index rests on the upperback gripping area 32, thehandle 2 being in continuation with the fingers. Such a shaving position is used in particular for horizontal cheek shaving. - The lower
back gripping area 35 can also be used in combination with the upperfront gripping area 27 in certain shaving positions such as the first position (figure 1 ) and the fifth position (figure 17E ). This is why the distance between theseareas back gripping area 35 and the upperfront gripping area 27, measured along the curvature of thehandle 2, is comprised between about 7 cm and about 9 cm. In the depicted embodiment, this distance is about 8 cm, which suits the majority of male hands. - As depicted on
figure 10 , thehandle 2 includes anair cushion 38 located between therigid core 24 and thelayer 25 of compressible elastomeric material, underneath the upperfront gripping area 27. More precisely, in the region underneath the upperfront gripping area 27, therigid core 24 defines agroove 39 which is filled with the compressible material, except in the bottom 40 of thegroove 39, where theair cushion 38 is located. Such anair cushion 38, acting like a compression spring, adds softness and compressibility to theupper surface 9 of thehandle 2 in the region of the upperfront gripping area 27, where the index rests in the first position (figure 17A ), thereby enhancing the gripping and comfort properties of thehandle 2 by providing more conformability to the finger tip. - The
air cushion 38 is built up during the manufacturing process of thehandle 2, in which there is provided a step of molding therigid core 24, followed by a step of molding thelayer 25 of compressible elastomeric material over therigid core 24 after a short predetermined rest time (few seconds) where therigid core 24 is let cool. The resin of which thecore 24 is made of is injected at aprimary injection point 41 located near the middle of thehandle 2, whereas the compressible elastomeric material is injected at asecondary injection point 42 which faces thegroove 39 near the head portion. The flow of pressurized elastomeric material generates an air bubble which is imprisoned at the bottom 40 of thegroove 39, thereby building up theair cushion 38 between therigid core 24 and theelastomeric layer 25. - As depicted on
figures 1-3 , thehandle 2 is provided, in the region of theneck portion 17, with oppositeside gripping areas fins 45 made of elastomeric material, protruding from therigid core 24. - More precisely, in the region of the
neck portion 17, therigid core 24 and thelayer 25 of compressible material define complementary comb-like structures neck portion 17, theelastomeric layer 25 is wider than therigid core 24, so that theelastomeric fins 45 extend laterally outside from therigid core 24, thereby providing better finger gripping in certain positions, especially the first position (figure 17A ), second position (figure 17B ) and sixth position (figure 17F ). - As depicted on
figure 9 , eachfin 45 extends from aroot 48, located in theside overflowing portion 26 of theelastomeric layer 25 near theupper surface 9, to anend 49 located on theside surface upper surface 9. It can also be seen onfigure 9 that thefins 45 are parallel and each inclined backwards, from theroot 48 to theend 49, with respect of a plane perpendicular to the upper edge L1 of the handle 2 (which corresponds, as disclosed hereabove, to the intersection of the symmetry plane P and theupper surface 9 of the handle 2). Such an inclination improves the ergonomics of thehandle 2, especially in the first position (figure 17A ), where thefins 45 extend substantially perpendicular to the axis of the index finger. In a preferred embodiment, the distance between twoadjacent fins 45 is of about 1 mm, whereas thefins 45 have a depth less than 0.5 mm, preferably of 0.2 mm, and a width which is greater than the depth, and more precisely of about 1 mm. - The imbricate structure of the
side gripping areas razor handle 2, especially in the first position (figure 17A ). - As depicted on
figure 9 , the ends 49 of thefins 45 together form a continuously curved limit 50 (in phantom) of the correspondingside gripping area - Turning now to
figures 7 ,8 and11 , it can be seen that thehead portion 6 of the razor handle 2 has a V-shaped pair of spacedarms bearing structure 8 for connection to the razor head 7. - In the disclosed embodiment, the razor head 7 is of the swiveling type, the bearing
structures 8 comprisingarcuate rails 53 clipped into correspondinghooks 54 provided on the razor head 7, whereas a longitudinalflexible tongue 55, extending between thearms figure 1 . - As depicted on
figure 11 , eacharm rigid core 24, has a reticulated structure, and comprises a pair ofside walls transversal stiffeners 58 which are inclined at about 45° with respect of theside walls cavities 59. Such a structure provides enough structural strength to thehead portion 6 for the purposes of human shaving, while saving weight and costs on thehandle 2. - In the depicted embodiment, where the
razor 1 is of the disposable type, which means that once mounted on thehandle 2 the razor head 7 does not have to be dismounted, eacharm median wall 60 interconnecting theside walls side walls stiffeners 58, thereby increasing longitudinal rigidity of thearms - It can be appreciated from
figures 3 and11 that, from a side view and from a top view, eacharm arm handle 2 without loosing structural strength. - As a result of all described features, the razor handle 2 has an enhanced design which improves finger gripping and provides more hand grasping comfort during the shaving operations than the known razor handles.
said gripping area being centered on a point located at a distance of at least 3 cm from the front end of the head portion.
Claims (12)
- Razor handle (2) comprising- a head portion (6) provided, at a front end (3) thereof, with a bearing structure (8) for connection to a razor head (7), and- an elongated body portion (5) having an upper surface (9) ,
said body portion (5) being provided with a local upper front griping area (27) comprising a plurality of spaced projections (28) protruding from said upper surface (9),
said upper font gripping area (27) being centered on a point. (29) located at a distance of at least 3 cm from the front end (3) of the head portion (6) and having about 2 cm in length,
said body potion (5) having a back end (4) opposite the front end (3) of the head portion (6),
said body portion (5) being provided with a local upper back gripping area (32) comprising a plurality of spaced projections (33) protruding from the upper surface (9) of said body portion (5),
said upper back gripping area (32) being centered on a point (34) located at a distance of about 2 cm from the back end (4) of the body portion (5). - Razor handle (2) according to claim 1,
wherein said handle (2) is made of a rigid core (24) and a layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material,
wherein said layer (25) of compressible elastomeric Material at least partially defines the upper surface (9) of the body portion (5),
and wherein the projections (28) of said upper front gripping area (27) are integral with the layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material. - Razor handle (2) according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the gripping area (27) is made of a plurality of spaced pins (26) protruding from the upper surface (9) of the body portion (5).
- Razor handle. (2) according to claim 3, wherein, from a top view, the upper front gripping area (27) is shaped like a bullet.
- Razor handle (2) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
wherein said body portion (5) has a lower surface (10), opposite the upper surface (9),
said body portion (5) being provided with a local lower front gripping area (30) located opposite the upper front gripping area (27),
said lower front gripping area (30) comprising plurality of spaced projections (31) protruding from the lower surface (10). - Razor handle (2) according to claim 5,
wherein said handle (2) is made of a rigid core (24) and a layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material,
wherein said rigid core (24) at least partially defines the lower surface (10) of the body portion (5),
and wherein the projections (31) of the lower front gripping area (30) are integral with the rigid core (24). - Razor handle (2) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
wherein said body portion (5) has a lower surface, (10) opposite the upper surface (9),
said body portion (5) being provided with a local lower back gripping area (35) located opposite the upper back gripping area (32),
said lower back gripping area (35) comprising a plurality of spaced projections (36) protruding from the lower surface (10). - Razor handle (2) according to claim 7,
wherein said handle (2) is made of a rigid core (24) and a layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material,
wherein sala layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material at least partially defines the upper surface (9) and the lower surface (10) of the body portion (5) in the vicinity of the back end (4) thereof,
and wherein the projections (33, 36) of the upper and lower back gripping areas (32, 35) are integral with the layer (25) of compressible elastomeric material. - Razor handle (2) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the distance between the lower back gripping area (35) and the upper front gripping area (27) is about 7 cm to about 9 cm.
- Razor handle (2) according to anyone of claims 7 to 9,
wherein the lower back gripping area (35) is centered on a point (37) which is located at a distance of about 2.5 cm from the back end (4) of the body portion (5). - Razor handle (2) according to anyone of claims 7 to 10, wherein the lower back gripping area (35) is located in a recess (21) formed in the lower surface (10) of the body portion (5).
- Safety razor (1) comprising:a razor handle (2) according to anyone of the preceding claims, anda razor head (7) mounted to the head portion (6) of the razor handle (2) via the bearing structure (8).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/001648 WO2006081842A1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
EP05715380A EP1843879B1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05715380A Division EP1843879B1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
EP05715380.1 Division | 2005-02-03 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1875993A2 EP1875993A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1875993A3 EP1875993A3 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
EP1875993B1 true EP1875993B1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
Family
ID=35169262
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07117680A Active EP1875993B1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
EP05715380A Active EP1843879B1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05715380A Active EP1843879B1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Razor handle having ergonomic gripping areas |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7975389B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1875993B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100560310C (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0519884B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2596795A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006081842A1 (en) |
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-
2005
- 2005-02-03 EP EP07117680A patent/EP1875993B1/en active Active
- 2005-02-03 EP EP05715380A patent/EP1843879B1/en active Active
- 2005-02-03 CA CA002596795A patent/CA2596795A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-03 CN CNB2005800477363A patent/CN100560310C/en active Active
- 2005-02-03 US US11/815,485 patent/US7975389B2/en active Active
- 2005-02-03 WO PCT/EP2005/001648 patent/WO2006081842A1/en active Application Filing
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BRPI0519884A2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
CA2596795A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
CN101115593A (en) | 2008-01-30 |
EP1843879A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
US20080163500A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
EP1843879B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
US7975389B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
WO2006081842A9 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
EP1875993A3 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
WO2006081842A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
CN100560310C (en) | 2009-11-18 |
BRPI0519884B1 (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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