EP1871572A1 - Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre - Google Patents

Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre

Info

Publication number
EP1871572A1
EP1871572A1 EP06726064A EP06726064A EP1871572A1 EP 1871572 A1 EP1871572 A1 EP 1871572A1 EP 06726064 A EP06726064 A EP 06726064A EP 06726064 A EP06726064 A EP 06726064A EP 1871572 A1 EP1871572 A1 EP 1871572A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machining
tool
ophthalmic lens
axis
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06726064A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1871572B1 (en
Inventor
Alexandre Gourraud
Loïc QUERE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EssilorLuxottica SA
Original Assignee
Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA filed Critical Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA
Priority to PL06726064T priority Critical patent/PL1871572T3/en
Publication of EP1871572A1 publication Critical patent/EP1871572A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1871572B1 publication Critical patent/EP1871572B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/0012—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor for multifocal lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses involving grinding wheels controlled by gearing
    • B24B13/046—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses involving grinding wheels controlled by gearing using a pointed tool or scraper-like tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/10—Process of turning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2502—Lathe with program control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of manufacturing ophthalmic lenses intended to be inserted into a spectacle frame adapted to correct the view of a wearer.
  • It relates more particularly to a method of machining a face of such an ophthalmic lens.
  • the manufacture of an ophthalmic lens generally comprises a first phase during which is produced by molding and / or machining a blank having an edge delimited by a front face and a rear face, and a second phase during which the blank is cut off, that is to say that its edge is machined to move to a shape suitable for insertion into a given spectacle frame.
  • correction properties corresponding to the prescription of the future wearer are conferred on the ophthalmic lens by the shape and the relative dispositions of the front and rear faces.
  • Some ophthalmic lenses in particular so-called “progressive” lenses correcting presbyopia, have an asymmetrical front face or rear face with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder formed by the edge of the uncut lens.
  • this face can be machined on the blank by the implementation of a conventional turning method, the blank being rotated about said axis while a machining tool comes into contact with the lens to machine this symmetrical face.
  • Another solution allows the implementation of a turning process for machining on the blank an asymmetrical face. This is a process in which the ophthalmic lens is rotated about the longitudinal axis traversing the faces of the lens while a machining tool is synchronized with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens in such a way that to follow the asymmetrical shape that it must machine on the lens.
  • the object of the invention is to improve this type of process.
  • the invention provides a method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens comprising a main machining step during which the position of a machining tool is synchronized with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens driven in rotation about an axis of rotation transverse to said face so as to machine on said face an asymmetric surface with respect to the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens, this method being characterized in that it comprises a complementary step of machining a recess around the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
  • a machining method makes it possible to erect a centrally prismatic surface on a lens driven in rotation by minimizing or even eliminating the residual volume of material responsible for a reverse machining phenomenon.
  • the surface to be machined is asymmetrical around of the axis of rotation of the lens, that is to say that the normal to the surface at the point of intersection with the axis of rotation of the lens forms an angle with said axis of rotation.
  • said recess defines a portion of said asymmetrical surface.
  • Said complementary machining step may also be carried out by means of the machining tool, or else by means of a tool distinct from the machining tool.
  • said complementary machining step is performed without synchronizing the position of a tool for machining the recess with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens rotated.
  • the tool for machining the recess is in contact with the ophthalmic lens only during an angular portion of the rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
  • the machining of the recess can be achieved by moving a tool towards the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
  • the advance of said tool can be stopped when the center of the tool is positioned on the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
  • the recess may include an edge passing through the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
  • a residual volume of material is adapted to be machined downwards by the machining tool during the main machining step, this residual volume being substantially centered with respect to the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens. This residual volume can be machined during the main machining step or, conversely, the main machining step can be stopped before machining said residual volume.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a progressive ophthalmic lens, respectively seen in profile and viewed from above, which can be obtained by a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a machining tool adapted to co-operate in turning with a cylindrical part prismée driven in rotation;
  • Figures 4 and 5 show the machining tool of Figure 3, respectively seen in profile and seen from the front;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 schematically represent two working modes of the tool of FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively a nominal mode and a countdown mode;
  • Figure 8 shows schematically the machining tool and the prismed surface of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 9 shows a machining phase of the surface prismed by the tool
  • FIG. 10 shows the same machining phase as FIG. 9, after the prism piece has been rotated 180 °;
  • FIGS. 12 to 17 show chronologically the complementary step of machining a recess of the machining method according to the invention
  • FIGS. 18 to 22 show chronologically the step of the machining method according to the invention which follows said complementary step of FIGS. 12 to 17;
  • FIGS. 24 to 27 show chronologically a machining operation of the surface prismed by the tool without prior machining of a recess
  • Figure 28 shows the residual volume of material to be machined with the tool running backwards, in the case of the machining operation of Figures 24 to 27.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the shape of a progressive ophthalmic lens 1.
  • the top view of Figure 2 shows that the lens 1 has a circular contour. This circular contour will then be machined to match the contour of the eyeglass frame chosen.
  • FIG. 1 shows the typical profile of such a progressive lens 1.
  • This lens 1 comprises a rear face 2 whose curvature is regular, as well as a front face 3 whose curvature strongly increases in a particular zone of the lens. 1.
  • the lens 1 therefore has no rotational symmetry with respect to a longitudinal axis 4 passing through the center of the circular contour of the lens 1.
  • this face 3 can be obtained by turning only by synchronizing the position of a machining tool with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens rotated about the axis 4.
  • blade 5 ' a blank 5 1 having a prismed surface 6.
  • the operations that will be described by way of example below are to remove by machining a layer of material 7 of constant thickness from the prismed surface 6 of the crude 5 'during turning operations using a tool 8 associated with a tool holder 9.
  • the crude 5 ' is rotated in the direction 10 about an axis 4' while the tool 8 is movable in the direction 11 parallel to the axis 4 'and in the direction 12 transverse to the axis 4 .
  • a not shown turning device is adapted to drive the stock 5 'in rotation in the direction 10 and to synchronize the position of the tool 8 in the direction 11 with this rotation, as explained below.
  • the normal 13 to the prismed surface 6 does not extend along the axis 4 ', which is a consequence of the asymmetry of this surface 6 with respect to the axis 4'.
  • the machining tool 8 shown in Figure 3 is shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5, respectively of profile and face.
  • This tool 8 has a generally circular shape and has a working face 14 forming a cutting edge with a lateral bevel 15 connecting the working face 14 to a rear face 16 having a smaller diameter than the working face 14.
  • This tool 8 is held in a tool holder 9, in accordance with FIG. 3, by a screw (not shown) fixing the center 17 of the tool 8 to the tool holder 9, or by any means making it possible to rigidly connect the tool 8 to the tool holder 9 so that the cutting edge is available on at least a portion of the circumference of the tool 8 for machining the stock 5 '.
  • the tool 8 may be made of polycrystalline diamond, monocrystalline diamond, or any other material suitable for producing a turning tool.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show the turning tool 8 respectively in a so-called “nominal” cutting configuration and in a so-called “reverse” cutting configuration.
  • FIG. 6 shows that, in the nominal cutting configuration, the mill 5 'to be machined is rotated in the direction 18 and the tool 8 is positioned so that its cutting edge attacks the layer 7 to be removed by its working face 14 producing chips 19.
  • This configuration is the one for which such a tool 8 has been provided.
  • FIG. 7 shows the tool 8 in the same position as that of FIG. 6, while the stock 5 'is rotated in the direction 18' which is the opposite of the direction 18 of FIG. 6.
  • the tool 8 works here in reverse, that is to say that the layer 7 of material to be removed is attacked by the bevel 15 and not by the working face 14. In this configuration, these chips 19 'are still produced and the layer 7 of material is effectively removed but it is an improper use of the tool 8 may cause premature wear, or even immediate damage to the cutting edge of the tool 8.
  • the tool 8 must therefore be used to the maximum in its nominal configuration rather than in its backward configuration.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the elements of Figure 3, namely the tool 8 (here without its tool holder 9 to simplify the drawing), the surface 6 of the crude 5 'and the layer 7 of material to machine schematized between the solid line and the dotted line.
  • the prismed surface 6 is rotated around the axis 4 '.
  • FIG. 10 shows the machining of the layer 7 by the tool 8 while the crude 5 'has rotated 180 ° relative to its position of Figure 9, during its continuous drive in rotation.
  • This FIG. 10 shows that the tool 8, to continue the machining of the layer 7 at the machining line 20, has moved parallel to the axis of rotation 4 'by a distance dependent on the asymmetry of the surface 6.
  • This machining technique allows the tool 8 to be permanently in contact with the layer 7 of material to be machined (although it is asymmetric) driven in rotation, and this thanks to the synchronization of the position of the tool 8 with the angular position of the crude 5 '.
  • FIG. 11 thus combines, according to said representation, FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • the machining line is shown in bold when the tool 8 is working in nominal mode (example FIG. 11), and is represented in lines. hatched when the tool 8 is working backward (example Figure 21)
  • a first step is to machine a recess around the axis of rotation 4 'of the crude 5'.
  • Tool 8 is at this effect used first in conventional turning, that is to say without synchronizing the position of the tool 8 with the angular position of the crude 5 '.
  • the tool 8 is thus approached to the surface 6 along the axis 4 '.
  • the tool 8 enters the raw material 5 'whereas the center 17 of the tool 8 is at a distance from the axis 4' substantially equal to the radius of the tool 8.
  • penetration of the tool 8 in the raw material 5 ' is carried out according to a height adapted to the thickness of the layer 7 of material to be removed (see the position 8B of the tool 8), that is to say the desired depth of pass.
  • This penetration into the material of the tool 8 being performed according to a conventional turning operation applied to a prismed surface 6, the tool 8 comes to perform the machining operation (position 8B) and is sometimes placed at the distance from surface 6 (position 8A).
  • the tool 8 is then moved in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 'while following a machining height adapted to the thickness of the layer 7 so as to form the recess 22 in FIG. as it moves.
  • the recess 22 is then continued until the tool 8 arrives in the central position, that is to say that its center 17 comes to be positioned on the axis 4 '(see FIGS. 15 and 16).
  • Figure 17 shows the recess 22 produced by the operation of Figures 12-16.
  • Figure 18 shows the penetration of the tool 8 in the raw material 5 'following the layer 7 of material to be machined.
  • Figure 19 shows the progress of the tool 8 towards the axis 4 '.
  • the tool 8 in its position 8A, enters a machining area down. Indeed, the tool in its 8A position layer 7 in nominal mode along a machining line 23 and also processes back the layer 7 along a machining line 24 located on the other side of the axis 4 '.
  • FIG. 21 shows the progression of the tool 8 which finishes machining the layer 7 only until the tool 8 reaches the position of FIG. 22 in which the machining of the layer 7 is finished.
  • FIG. 23 shows the residual volume of material of the layer 7 which remains to be machined before the tool 8 begins to work backwards, that is to say just after the position of FIG. 25 shown in FIG. 23 is therefore the volume which will be machined downwards by the tool 8.
  • FIG. 24 shows the machining by a tool 26 of a layer 27 of material to be machined on a stock 28. This machining is performed by synchronizing the position of the tool 26 with the angular position of the stock 28. This figure 24 is the last position of the tool 26 before the beginning of a work in progress since a portion of the machining line 26, at its position 26A, will pass on the other side of the rotation axis 29 crude 28.
  • FIG. 24 shows the machining by a tool 26 of a layer 27 of material to be machined on a stock 28. This machining is performed by synchronizing the position of the tool 26 with the angular position of the stock 28.
  • This figure 24 is the last position of the tool 26 before the beginning of a work in progress since a portion of the machining line 26, at its position 26A, will pass on the other side of the rotation axis 29 crude 28.
  • FIG. 24 shows the machining by a tool 26 of a layer 27 of material to be machined on a stock 28. This machining is performed
  • the tool 26 works in nominal machining in its position 26B along a machining line 30 while it is working, at its position 26A, firstly in nominal machining along a line of machining 31 on one side of the axis 29 and, on the other hand, in machining down a machining line 32 on the other side of the axis 29.
  • Figure 28 shows the residual volume 33 of the layer 27 which, from the position of Figure 24, is machined with the tool 26 working backwards.
  • the pass height f of the residual volume 33 corresponds to the pass depth defining the layer 7 and is much greater than the height f of the residual volume of the process according to the invention (see FIG. 23).
  • the method according to the invention therefore allows a significant reduction of the machined volume down when using such a turning technique where the position of a tool is synchronized with the angular position of the rough to be machined.
  • the difference between the residual volume of the process according to the invention and the residual volume 33 is such that, thanks to the method according to the invention, the machining tool works very little in reverse. Since the residual volume 25 is also considerably smaller than the residual volume 33, this residual volume 25 may alternatively be left as it is or polished during an additional operation. The machining tool therefore does not work at all backwards according to this variant.
  • FIGS. 3 to 22 have been described with reference to the machining of a layer 7 of material of regular thickness on a flat prismed surface 6, the process according to the invention is applicable. understood to produce an ophthalmic lens according to Figures 1 and 2 by removing a layer of material of irregular thickness of a crude 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of machining a face (3) of an ophthalmic lens (1) with a main machining step in which the position of a machining tool (8) is synchronised with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens (1) which is rotated around an axis of rotation (4) that is transverse to the face (3), in order to provide the face with a machined surface that is asymmetrical in relation to the axis of rotation (4) of the ophthalmic lens (1); and a complementary machining step in which a recess (22) is machined around the axis of rotation (4) of the lens (1).

Description

Procédé d'usinage d'une face de lentille ophtalmique prismée au centre Method of machining an ophthalmic lens face prismed in the center
L'invention concerne le domaine de la fabrication des lentilles ophtalmiques destinées à être insérées dans une monture de lunettes adaptées à corriger la vue d'un porteur.The invention relates to the field of manufacturing ophthalmic lenses intended to be inserted into a spectacle frame adapted to correct the view of a wearer.
Elle concerne plus particulièrement un procédé d'usinage d'une face d'une telle lentille ophtalmique.It relates more particularly to a method of machining a face of such an ophthalmic lens.
La fabrication d'une lentille ophtalmique comporte généralement une première phase au cours de laquelle est produite par moulage et/ou usinage une ébauche comportant un bord délimité par une face avant et une face arrière, et une deuxième phase au cours de laquelle l'ébauche est détourée, c'est-à-dire que son bord est usiné pour passer à une forme adaptée à l'insertion dans une monture de lunettes donnée.The manufacture of an ophthalmic lens generally comprises a first phase during which is produced by molding and / or machining a blank having an edge delimited by a front face and a rear face, and a second phase during which the blank is cut off, that is to say that its edge is machined to move to a shape suitable for insertion into a given spectacle frame.
Durant la première phase, des propriétés de correction correspondant à la prescription du futur porteur sont conférées à la lentille ophtalmique par la forme et les dispositions relatives des faces avant et arrièreDuring the first phase, correction properties corresponding to the prescription of the future wearer are conferred on the ophthalmic lens by the shape and the relative dispositions of the front and rear faces.
(la face arrière étant celle qui est tournée vers l'œil du porteur des lunettes correctrices).(the back side being the one facing the eye of the wearer of the corrective glasses).
Certaines lentilles ophtalmiques, notamment les lentilles dites "progressives" corrigeant la presbytie, présentent une face avant ou une face arrière asymétrique par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du cylindre formé par le bord de la lentille non détourée.Some ophthalmic lenses, in particular so-called "progressive" lenses correcting presbyopia, have an asymmetrical front face or rear face with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder formed by the edge of the uncut lens.
Lorsqu'une face de la lentille est symétrique par rapport à cet axe longitudinal, cette face peut être usinée sur l'ébauche par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de tournage classique, l'ébauche étant entraînée en rotation autour dudit axe tandis qu'un outil d'usinage vient au contact de la lentille pour usiner cette face symétrique.When a face of the lens is symmetrical with respect to this longitudinal axis, this face can be machined on the blank by the implementation of a conventional turning method, the blank being rotated about said axis while a machining tool comes into contact with the lens to machine this symmetrical face.
En revanche, lorsqu'une face asymétrique doit être produite, les procédés de tournage classique ne peuvent plus être employés dans la mesure où ils ne permettent l'usinage que de formes symétriques par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la pièce. Une solution pour l'usinage des surfaces asymétriques consiste à mettre en œuvre un procédé de fraisage au cours duquel un outil de fraisage tournant, mobile par rapport à l'ébauche, usine la face asymétrique. Ces procédés de fraisage appliqués au domaine des lentilles ophtalmiques procurent généralement une qualité de finition inférieure à celle procurée par un procédé de tournage.On the other hand, when an asymmetric face is to be produced, conventional turning methods can no longer be used in that they only allow machining symmetrical shapes relative to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. One solution for machining asymmetric surfaces is to implement a milling process in which a rotating milling tool, movable relative to the blank, manufactures the asymmetrical face. These milling methods applied to the field of ophthalmic lenses generally provide a quality of finishing inferior to that afforded by a turning process.
Une autre solution permet la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de tournage pour usiner sur l'ébauche une face asymétrique. Il s'agit d'un procédé au cours duquel la lentille ophtalmique est entraînée en rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal traversant les faces de la lentille tandis qu'un outil d'usinage est synchronisé avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique de manière à suivre la forme asymétrique qu'il doit usiner sur la lentille.Another solution allows the implementation of a turning process for machining on the blank an asymmetrical face. This is a process in which the ophthalmic lens is rotated about the longitudinal axis traversing the faces of the lens while a machining tool is synchronized with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens in such a way that to follow the asymmetrical shape that it must machine on the lens.
Les documents EP 1 449 616 et GB 2 058 619 décrivent un tel procédé permettant d'usiner une face asymétrique sur une lentille entraînée en rotation par un dispositif de tournage.Documents EP 1 449 616 and GB 2 058 619 describe such a method for machining an asymmetrical face on a lens driven in rotation by a turning device.
Le but de l'invention est d'améliorer ce type de procédé.The object of the invention is to improve this type of process.
A cet effet, l'invention vise un procédé d'usinage d'une face d'une lentille ophtalmique comportant une étape principale d'usinage au cours de laquelle la position d'un outil d'usinage est synchronisée avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique entraînée en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation transversal à ladite face de sorte à usiner sur ladite face une surface asymétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique, ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une étape complémentaire d'usinage d'un évidement autour de l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique. Un tel procédé d'usinage permet de dresser une surface prismée au centre sur une lentille entraînée en rotation en minimisant, voire en supprimant, le volume résiduel de matière responsable d'un phénomène d'usinage à rebours.For this purpose, the invention provides a method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens comprising a main machining step during which the position of a machining tool is synchronized with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens driven in rotation about an axis of rotation transverse to said face so as to machine on said face an asymmetric surface with respect to the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens, this method being characterized in that it comprises a complementary step of machining a recess around the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens. Such a machining method makes it possible to erect a centrally prismatic surface on a lens driven in rotation by minimizing or even eliminating the residual volume of material responsible for a reverse machining phenomenon.
En effet, lors d'une opération d'usinage d'une face prismée au centre où la position d'un outil d'usinage est synchronisée avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique entraînée en rotation, la surface à usiner est asymétrique aux abords de l'axe de rotation de la lentille, c'est-à-dire que la normale à la surface au point d'intersection avec l'axe de rotation de la lentille forme un angle avec ledit axe de rotation. Lorsque l'outil d'usinage approche l'axe de rotation de la pièce au cours de son travail, une portion de la matière à enlever nécessite qu'une portion de l'outil continue sa progression au-delà de l'axe de rotation de la pièce.Indeed, during a machining operation of a centrally prismed face where the position of a machining tool is synchronized with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens driven in rotation, the surface to be machined is asymmetrical around of the axis of rotation of the lens, that is to say that the normal to the surface at the point of intersection with the axis of rotation of the lens forms an angle with said axis of rotation. When the machining tool approaches the axis of rotation of the part during its work, a portion of the material to be removed requires that a portion of the tool continues its progression beyond the axis of rotation of the room.
Ce volume résiduel, qui est dénommé "téton", est par conséquent enlevé en forçant l'outil à travailler par intermittence à rebours, c'est-à-dire avec un sens de déplacement relatif entre la lentille et l'outil qui est à l'opposé du sens de travail pour lequel l'outil a été prévu. Dans la mesure où le procédé selon l'invention permet de minimiser, voire de supprimer, le téton évoqué, l'outil est constamment ou quasi constamment en utilisation nominale. Cette utilisation est dite "nominale" dans la mesure où elle est celle prévue par le fabricant de l'outil. L'utilisation de l'outil dans le sens prévu à son cahier des charges permet donc de s'affranchir d'une usure prématurée de l'outil ou d'un endommagement ponctuel.This residual volume, which is called "nipple", is therefore removed by forcing the tool to work intermittently backwards, that is to say with a direction of relative movement between the lens and the tool that is at the opposite of the direction of work for which the tool was intended. Insofar as the method according to the invention makes it possible to minimize or even eliminate the mentioned pin, the tool is constantly or almost constantly in nominal use. This use is called "nominal" in that it is that provided by the manufacturer of the tool. The use of the tool in the direction provided for in its specifications makes it possible to avoid premature wear of the tool or occasional damage.
Selon une caractéristique préférée, ledit évidement définit une portion de ladite surface asymétrique.According to a preferred feature, said recess defines a portion of said asymmetrical surface.
Ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage peut de plus être réalisée grâce à l'outil d'usinage, ou bien grâce à un outil distinct de l'outil d'usinage. Selon une autre caractéristique préférée, ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage est réalisée sans synchroniser la position d'un outil destiné à l'usinage de l'évidement avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique entraînée en rotation.Said complementary machining step may also be carried out by means of the machining tool, or else by means of a tool distinct from the machining tool. According to another preferred feature, said complementary machining step is performed without synchronizing the position of a tool for machining the recess with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens rotated.
Dans ce cas, l'outil destiné à l'usinage de l'évidement n'est en contact avec la lentille ophtalmique qu'au cours d'une portion angulaire de la rotation de la lentille ophtalmique.In this case, the tool for machining the recess is in contact with the ophthalmic lens only during an angular portion of the rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
Par ailleurs, l'usinage de l'évidement peut être réalisé en déplaçant un outil en direction de l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique. L'avancée dudit outil peut être stoppée lorsque le centre de l'outil est positionné sur l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique.Moreover, the machining of the recess can be achieved by moving a tool towards the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens. The advance of said tool can be stopped when the center of the tool is positioned on the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens.
L'évidement peut comporter un bord passant par l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique. Selon une caractéristique préférée, un volume résiduel de matière est adapté à être usiné à rebours par l'outil d'usinage lors de l'étape principale d'usinage, ce volume résiduel étant sensiblement centré par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique. Ce volume résiduel peut être usiné au cours de l'étape principale d'usinage ou, au contraire, l'étape principale d'usinage peut être stoppée avant l'usinage dudit volume résiduel.The recess may include an edge passing through the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens. According to a preferred characteristic, a residual volume of material is adapted to be machined downwards by the machining tool during the main machining step, this residual volume being substantially centered with respect to the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens. This residual volume can be machined during the main machining step or, conversely, the main machining step can be stopped before machining said residual volume.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaissent à la lumière de la description qui va suivre en un mode de réalisation préféré donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :Other features and advantages of the invention appear in the light of the description which follows in a preferred embodiment given by way of non-limiting example, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 représentent une lentille ophtalmique progressive, respectivement vue de profil et vue de dessus, qui peut être obtenue grâce à un procédé selon l'invention ;- Figures 1 and 2 show a progressive ophthalmic lens, respectively seen in profile and viewed from above, which can be obtained by a method according to the invention;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective représentant schématiquement un outil d'usinage adapté à coopérer en tournage avec une pièce cylindrique prismée entraînée en rotation ;- Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a machining tool adapted to co-operate in turning with a cylindrical part prismée driven in rotation;
- les figures 4 et 5 représentent l'outil d'usinage de la figure 3, respectivement vu de profil et vu de face ;- Figures 4 and 5 show the machining tool of Figure 3, respectively seen in profile and seen from the front;
- les figures 6 et 7 représentent schématiquement deux modes de travail de l'outil des figures 4 et 5, respectivement un mode nominal et un mode à rebours ;FIGS. 6 and 7 schematically represent two working modes of the tool of FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively a nominal mode and a countdown mode;
- la figure 8 représente schématiquement l'outil d'usinage et la surface prismée de la figure 3 ;- Figure 8 shows schematically the machining tool and the prismed surface of Figure 3;
- la figure 9 montre une phase d'usinage de la surface prismée par l'outil ;FIG. 9 shows a machining phase of the surface prismed by the tool;
- la figure 10 montre la même phase d'usinage que la figure 9, après que la pièce prismée ait subi une rotation de 180° ;FIG. 10 shows the same machining phase as FIG. 9, after the prism piece has been rotated 180 °;
- la figure 11 représente schématiquement et simultanément les vues des figures 9 et 10 ; - les figures 12 à 17 montrent chronologiquement l'étape complémentaire d'usinage d'un évidement du procédé d'usinage selon l'invention ; - les figures 18 à 22 montrent chronologiquement l'étape du procédé d'usinage selon l'invention qui suit ladite étape complémentaire des figures 12 à 17 ;- Figure 11 shows schematically and simultaneously the views of Figures 9 and 10; FIGS. 12 to 17 show chronologically the complementary step of machining a recess of the machining method according to the invention; FIGS. 18 to 22 show chronologically the step of the machining method according to the invention which follows said complementary step of FIGS. 12 to 17;
- la figure 23 montre le volume résiduel de matière qui est usiné avec l'outil travaillant à rebours ;- Figure 23 shows the residual volume of material that is machined with the tool working backwards;
- les figures 24 à 27 montrent chronologiquement une opération d'usinage de la surface prismée par l'outil sans usinage préalable d'un évidement ;FIGS. 24 to 27 show chronologically a machining operation of the surface prismed by the tool without prior machining of a recess;
- la figure 28 représente le volume résiduel de matière à usiner avec l'outil fonctionnant à rebours, dans le cas de l'opération d'usinage des figures 24 à 27.- Figure 28 shows the residual volume of material to be machined with the tool running backwards, in the case of the machining operation of Figures 24 to 27.
Les figures 1 et 2 rendent compte de la forme d'une lentille ophtalmique progressive 1. La vue de dessus de la figure 2 montre que cette lentille 1 présente un contour circulaire. Ce contour circulaire sera par la suite usiné pour correspondre au contour de la monture de lunettes choisie.Figures 1 and 2 show the shape of a progressive ophthalmic lens 1. The top view of Figure 2 shows that the lens 1 has a circular contour. This circular contour will then be machined to match the contour of the eyeglass frame chosen.
La figure 1 montre le profil typique d'une telle lentille progressive 1. Cette lentille 1 comporte une face arrière 2 dont la courbure est régulière, ainsi qu'une face avant 3 dont la courbure s'accentue fortement dans une zone particulière de la lentille 1. La lentille 1 ne présente par conséquent pas de symétrie de rotation par rapport à un axe longitudinal 4 passant par le centre du contour circulaire de la lentille 1.FIG. 1 shows the typical profile of such a progressive lens 1. This lens 1 comprises a rear face 2 whose curvature is regular, as well as a front face 3 whose curvature strongly increases in a particular zone of the lens. 1. The lens 1 therefore has no rotational symmetry with respect to a longitudinal axis 4 passing through the center of the circular contour of the lens 1.
Pour obtenir une telle lentille 1 , il est courant de partir d'un cylindre de matière brute, la face arrière 2 ayant été éventuellement prémoulée, et de procéder à un usinage de la face avant 3 à partir de la pièce brute 5 schématisée en pointillés sur la figure 1.To obtain such a lens 1, it is common to start from a cylinder of raw material, the rear face 2 having possibly been premolded, and to proceed with a machining of the front face 3 from the blank 5 diagrammatically dotted in Figure 1.
En raison de l'asymétrie de la face avant 3 de la lentille 1 par rapport à l'axe 4, cette face 3 ne peut être obtenue par tournage qu'en synchronisant la position d'un outil d'usinage avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique entraînée en rotation autour de l'axe 4.Due to the asymmetry of the front face 3 of the lens 1 relative to the axis 4, this face 3 can be obtained by turning only by synchronizing the position of a machining tool with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens rotated about the axis 4.
Afin de simplifier l'exposé du procédé selon l'invention, des opérations de tournage vont être décrites en référence à l'exemple schématisé à la figure 3 et consistant à usiner sur une pièce brute 51 (ci-après dénommée "le brut 5' ") présentant une surface prismée 6.In order to simplify the description of the method according to the invention, turning operations will be described with reference to the schematized example in FIG. 3 and consisting in machining on a blank 5 1 (hereinafter referred to as "blank 5 '") having a prismed surface 6.
Plus précisément, les opérations qui seront décrites en exemple par la suite visent à enlever par usinage une couche de matière 7 d'épaisseur constante à partir de la surface prismée 6 du brut 5' au cours d'opérations de tournage mettant en œuvre un outil 8 associé à un porte-outil 9.More specifically, the operations that will be described by way of example below are to remove by machining a layer of material 7 of constant thickness from the prismed surface 6 of the crude 5 'during turning operations using a tool 8 associated with a tool holder 9.
Le brut 5' est entraîné en rotation selon la direction 10 autour d'un axe 4' tandis que l'outil 8 est mobile dans la direction 11 parallèle à l'axe 4' ainsi que dans la direction 12 transversale à l'axe 4'. Un dispositif de tournage non représenté est adapté à entraîner le brut 5' en rotation selon la direction 10 et à synchroniser la position de l'outil 8 dans la direction 11 avec cette rotation, comme exposé plus loin.The crude 5 'is rotated in the direction 10 about an axis 4' while the tool 8 is movable in the direction 11 parallel to the axis 4 'and in the direction 12 transverse to the axis 4 . A not shown turning device is adapted to drive the stock 5 'in rotation in the direction 10 and to synchronize the position of the tool 8 in the direction 11 with this rotation, as explained below.
La normale 13 à la surface prismée 6 ne s'étend pas selon l'axe 4', ce qui est une conséquence de l'asymétrie de cette surface 6 par rapport à l'axe 4'.The normal 13 to the prismed surface 6 does not extend along the axis 4 ', which is a consequence of the asymmetry of this surface 6 with respect to the axis 4'.
Bien que, pour des raisons de clarté de l'exposé, les opérations qui seront décrites par la suite visent à enlever une couche 7 d'épaisseur constante d'un brut 5' dans la configuration de la figure 3, ces opérations peuvent s'appliquer à toute surface dont la normale au centre est distincte de l'axe longitudinal de la pièce, et notamment à la lentille ophtalmique progressive des figures 1 et 2.Although, for the sake of clarity of the description, the operations that will be described later aim to remove a layer 7 of constant thickness of a crude 5 'in the configuration of FIG. 3, these operations can be carried out. apply to any surface whose normal to the center is distinct from the longitudinal axis of the part, and in particular to the progressive ophthalmic lens of Figures 1 and 2.
L'outil d'usinage 8 montré à la figure 3 est représenté en détail aux figures 4 et 5, respectivement de profil et de face.The machining tool 8 shown in Figure 3 is shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5, respectively of profile and face.
Cet outil 8 a une forme générale circulaire et présente une face de travail 14 formant une arête de coupe avec un biseau latéral 15 reliant la face de travail 14 à une face arrière 16 présentant un diamètre inférieur à la face de travail 14.This tool 8 has a generally circular shape and has a working face 14 forming a cutting edge with a lateral bevel 15 connecting the working face 14 to a rear face 16 having a smaller diameter than the working face 14.
Cet outil 8 est maintenu dans un porte-outil 9, conformément à la figure 3, par une vis (non représentée) fixant le centre 17 de l'outil 8 au porte- outil 9, ou par un quelconque moyen permettant de lier rigidement l'outil 8 au porte-outil 9 de manière que l'arête de coupe soit disponible sur au moins une partie de la circonférence de l'outil 8 pour l'usinage du brut 5'. L'outil 8 peut être réalisé en diamant polycristallin, en diamant monocristallin, ou tout autre matériau convenant à la réalisation d'un outil de tournage.This tool 8 is held in a tool holder 9, in accordance with FIG. 3, by a screw (not shown) fixing the center 17 of the tool 8 to the tool holder 9, or by any means making it possible to rigidly connect the tool 8 to the tool holder 9 so that the cutting edge is available on at least a portion of the circumference of the tool 8 for machining the stock 5 '. The tool 8 may be made of polycrystalline diamond, monocrystalline diamond, or any other material suitable for producing a turning tool.
Les figures 6 et 7 montrent l'outil de tournage 8 respectivement dans une configuration de coupe dite "nominale" et dans une configuration de coupe dite "à rebours".Figures 6 and 7 show the turning tool 8 respectively in a so-called "nominal" cutting configuration and in a so-called "reverse" cutting configuration.
La figure 6 montre que, dans la configuration de coupe nominale, le brut 5' à usiner est entraîné en rotation selon la direction 18 et l'outil 8 est positionné de telle sorte que son arête de coupe attaque la couche 7 à enlever par sa face de travail 14 produisant des copeaux 19. Cette configuration est celle pour laquelle un tel outil 8 a été prévu.FIG. 6 shows that, in the nominal cutting configuration, the mill 5 'to be machined is rotated in the direction 18 and the tool 8 is positioned so that its cutting edge attacks the layer 7 to be removed by its working face 14 producing chips 19. This configuration is the one for which such a tool 8 has been provided.
La figure 7, en revanche, montre l'outil 8 dans la même position que celle de la figure 6, tandis que le brut 5' est entraîné en rotation selon la direction 18' qui est l'inverse de la direction 18 de la figure 6. L'outil 8 travaille ici à rebours, c'est-à-dire que la couche 7 de matière à enlever est attaquée par le biseau 15 et non par la face de travail 14. Dans cette configuration, ces copeaux 19' sont quand même produits et la couche 7 de matière est effectivement enlevée mais il s'agit d'une utilisation impropre de l'outil 8 pouvant entraîner une usure prématurée, voire un endommagement immédiat de l'arête de coupe de cet outil 8.FIG. 7, on the other hand, shows the tool 8 in the same position as that of FIG. 6, while the stock 5 'is rotated in the direction 18' which is the opposite of the direction 18 of FIG. 6. The tool 8 works here in reverse, that is to say that the layer 7 of material to be removed is attacked by the bevel 15 and not by the working face 14. In this configuration, these chips 19 'are still produced and the layer 7 of material is effectively removed but it is an improper use of the tool 8 may cause premature wear, or even immediate damage to the cutting edge of the tool 8.
Au cours de l'usinage, l'outil 8 doit par conséquent être utilisé au maximum dans sa configuration nominale plutôt que dans sa configuration à rebours.During machining, the tool 8 must therefore be used to the maximum in its nominal configuration rather than in its backward configuration.
La figure 8 est une vue schématique montrant les éléments de la figure 3, à savoir l'outil 8 (ici dépourvu de son porte-outil 9 pour simplifier le dessin), la surface 6 du brut 5' et la couche 7 de matière à usiner schématisée entre le trait plein et le trait pointillé.Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the elements of Figure 3, namely the tool 8 (here without its tool holder 9 to simplify the drawing), the surface 6 of the crude 5 'and the layer 7 of material to machine schematized between the solid line and the dotted line.
La surface prismée 6 est entraînée en rotation autour de l'axe 4'.The prismed surface 6 is rotated around the axis 4 '.
La technique de tournage employée ici pour usiner la couche 7 du brut 5' grâce à l'outil 8 permet, conformément à la figure 9, d'approcher l'outil 8 du brut 5', qui est entraîné en rotation, pour procéder à l'usinage de la couche 7 au niveau d'une ligne d'usinage 20 d'où sont formés les copeaux. La figure 10 montre également l'usinage de la couche 7 par l'outil 8 alors que le brut 5' a effectué une rotation de 180° par rapport à sa position de la figure 9, au cours de son entraînement continu en rotation. Cette figure 10 permet de voir que l'outil 8, pour continuer l'usinage de la couche 7 au niveau de la ligne d'usinage 20, s'est déplacé parallèlement à l'axe de rotation 4' d'une distance dépendant de l'asymétrie de la surface 6.The turning technique used here for machining the layer 7 of the stock 5 'by means of the tool 8 makes it possible, according to FIG. 9, to approach the tool 8 of the stock 5', which is rotated, to proceed with the machining of the layer 7 at a machining line 20 from which the chips are formed. Figure 10 also shows the machining of the layer 7 by the tool 8 while the crude 5 'has rotated 180 ° relative to its position of Figure 9, during its continuous drive in rotation. This FIG. 10 shows that the tool 8, to continue the machining of the layer 7 at the machining line 20, has moved parallel to the axis of rotation 4 'by a distance dependent on the asymmetry of the surface 6.
Cette technique d'usinage permet à l'outil 8 d'être en permanence en contact avec la couche 7 de matière à usiner (bien qu'elle soit asymétrique) entraînée en rotation, et ce grâce à la synchronisation de la position de l'outil 8 avec la position angulaire du brut 5'.This machining technique allows the tool 8 to be permanently in contact with the layer 7 of material to be machined (although it is asymmetric) driven in rotation, and this thanks to the synchronization of the position of the tool 8 with the angular position of the crude 5 '.
Les opérations effectuées selon cette technique d'usinage vont par la suite être décrites en référence à une représentation conforme à la figure 11 dans laquelle l'observateur est placé dans le référentiel du brut 5', qui est donc considéré comme immobile, tandis que c'est l'outil 8 qui est considéré comme mobile en rotation autour de l'axe 4' suivant la direction 21. Cette représentation, bien qu'étant équivalente à celle des figures 9 et 10 en termes de mouvements relatifs de l'outil 8 par rapport au brut 5', permet d'utiliser des dessins comme celui de la figure 11 dans lequel sont conventionnellement représentés deux outils correspondant chacun à une position de l'outil pour chaque demi-tour du brut 5'. Les éléments apparaissant pour chacune de ces positions de l'outil 8 sont repérés par un suffixe A dans la position à gauche de l'axe 4' et par un suffixe B dans la position à droite de l'axe 4', sur les figures.The operations performed according to this machining technique will subsequently be described with reference to a representation according to FIG. 11 in which the observer is placed in the reference frame of the crude 5 ', which is therefore considered to be immobile, whereas is the tool 8 which is considered as rotatable around the axis 4 'in the direction 21. This representation, although being equivalent to that of Figures 9 and 10 in terms of relative movements of the tool 8 relative to the crude 5 ', allows to use drawings like that of Figure 11 in which are conventionally shown two tools each corresponding to a position of the tool for each half-turn of the crude 5'. The elements appearing for each of these positions of the tool 8 are identified by a suffix A in the position to the left of the axis 4 'and by a suffix B in the position to the right of the axis 4', in the figures .
La figure 11 combine ainsi, selon ladite représentation, les figures 9 et 10. Sur toutes les figures, la ligne d'usinage est représentée en gras lorsque l'outil 8 travaille en mode nominal (exemple figure 11), et est représentée en traits hachurés lorsque l'outil 8 travaille à rebours (exemple figure 21)FIG. 11 thus combines, according to said representation, FIGS. 9 and 10. In all the figures, the machining line is shown in bold when the tool 8 is working in nominal mode (example FIG. 11), and is represented in lines. hatched when the tool 8 is working backward (example Figure 21)
Le procédé selon l'invention va maintenant être décrit en référence aux figures 12 à 23 en utilisant la représentation de la figure 11.The method according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 23 using the representation of FIG. 11.
En référence à la figure 12, une première étape consiste à venir usiner un évidement autour de l'axe de rotation 4' du brut 5'. L'outil 8 est à cet effet utilisé d'abord en tournage classique, c'est-à-dire sans synchroniser la position de l'outil 8 avec la position angulaire du brut 5'.Referring to Figure 12, a first step is to machine a recess around the axis of rotation 4 'of the crude 5'. Tool 8 is at this effect used first in conventional turning, that is to say without synchronizing the position of the tool 8 with the angular position of the crude 5 '.
L'outil 8 est ainsi approché de la surface 6 le long de l'axe 4'.The tool 8 is thus approached to the surface 6 along the axis 4 '.
En référence à la figure 13, l'outil 8 entre dans la matière du brut 5' alors que le centre 17 de l'outil 8 est à une distance de l'axe 4' sensiblement égale au rayon de l'outil 8. La pénétration de l'outil 8 dans la matière du brut 5' est effectuée selon une hauteur adaptée à l'épaisseur de la couche 7 de matière à enlever (voir la position 8B de l'outil 8), c'est-à-dire la profondeur de passe désirée. Cette pénétration dans la matière de l'outil 8 étant effectuée selon une opération de tournage classique appliquée à une surface prismée 6, l'outil 8 vient tantôt réaliser l'opération d'usinage (position 8B) et vient tantôt se placer à l'écart de la surface 6 (position 8A).With reference to FIG. 13, the tool 8 enters the raw material 5 'whereas the center 17 of the tool 8 is at a distance from the axis 4' substantially equal to the radius of the tool 8. penetration of the tool 8 in the raw material 5 'is carried out according to a height adapted to the thickness of the layer 7 of material to be removed (see the position 8B of the tool 8), that is to say the desired depth of pass. This penetration into the material of the tool 8 being performed according to a conventional turning operation applied to a prismed surface 6, the tool 8 comes to perform the machining operation (position 8B) and is sometimes placed at the distance from surface 6 (position 8A).
En référence à la figure 14, l'outil 8 est ensuite déplacé en direction de l'axe de rotation 4' tout en suivant une hauteur d'usinage adaptée à l'épaisseur de la couche 7 de manière à former l'évidement 22 au fur et à mesure de son déplacement.With reference to FIG. 14, the tool 8 is then moved in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 'while following a machining height adapted to the thickness of the layer 7 so as to form the recess 22 in FIG. as it moves.
L'évidement 22 est ensuite poursuivi jusqu'à ce que l'outil 8 arrive en position centrale, c'est-à-dire que son centre 17 vienne se positionner sur l'axe 4' (voir figures 15 et 16).The recess 22 is then continued until the tool 8 arrives in the central position, that is to say that its center 17 comes to be positioned on the axis 4 '(see FIGS. 15 and 16).
La figure 17 montre l'évidement 22 produit par l'opération des figures 12 à 16.Figure 17 shows the recess 22 produced by the operation of Figures 12-16.
Une fois que l'évidement 22 a été réalisé, des opérations d'usinage proprement dites sont mises en œuvre conformément aux figures 18 à 22. Ces opérations d'usinage sont maintenant réalisées selon la technique de tournage, décrite précédemment, au cours de laquelle la position de l'outil 8 est synchronisée avec la position angulaire du brut 5'.Once the recess 22 has been made, actual machining operations are carried out in accordance with FIGS. 18 to 22. These machining operations are now carried out according to the turning technique, described above, during which the position of the tool 8 is synchronized with the angular position of the stock 5 '.
La figure 18 montre la pénétration de l'outil 8 dans la matière du brut 5' en suivant la couche 7 de matière à usiner. La figure 19 montre la progression de l'outil 8 en direction de l'axe 4'.Figure 18 shows the penetration of the tool 8 in the raw material 5 'following the layer 7 of material to be machined. Figure 19 shows the progress of the tool 8 towards the axis 4 '.
A partir de la figure 20, l'outil 8, dans sa position 8A, pénètre dans une zone d'usinage à rebours. En effet, l'outil dans sa position 8A usine la couche 7 en mode nominal le long d'une ligne d'usinage 23 et usine également à rebours la couche 7 selon une ligne d'usinage 24 située de l'autre côté de l'axe 4'.From Figure 20, the tool 8, in its position 8A, enters a machining area down. Indeed, the tool in its 8A position layer 7 in nominal mode along a machining line 23 and also processes back the layer 7 along a machining line 24 located on the other side of the axis 4 '.
La figure 21 montre la suite de la progression de l'outil 8 qui finit d'usiner la couche 7 uniquement à rebours jusqu'à ce que l'outil 8 arrive à la position de la figure 22 dans laquelle l'usinage de la couche 7 est terminé.FIG. 21 shows the progression of the tool 8 which finishes machining the layer 7 only until the tool 8 reaches the position of FIG. 22 in which the machining of the layer 7 is finished.
La figure 23 montre le volume résiduel 25 de matière de la couche 7 qui reste à usiner avant que l'outil 8 ne commence à usiner à rebours, c'est-à- dire juste après la position de la figure 19. Le volume résiduel 25 représenté à la figure 23 est donc le volume qui sera usiné à rebours par l'outil 8.FIG. 23 shows the residual volume of material of the layer 7 which remains to be machined before the tool 8 begins to work backwards, that is to say just after the position of FIG. 25 shown in FIG. 23 is therefore the volume which will be machined downwards by the tool 8.
La hauteur f de ce volume résiduel 25 est telle que : f=R -^R2 -r2 où R est égal au rayon de l'outil 8 et r est égal à la distance séparant le sommet de ce volume résiduel de l'un de ses bords (voir figure 23).The height f of this residual volume 25 is such that: f = R - ^ R 2 -r 2 where R is equal to the radius of the tool 8 and r is equal to the distance separating the peak of this residual volume from the one of its edges (see Figure 23).
En variante, il est possible de stopper l'usinage dans la position de la figure 19 puis d'éliminer le volume résiduel 25 par exemple par polissage. L'outil 8 ne fonctionne ainsi jamais à rebours.Alternatively, it is possible to stop the machining in the position of Figure 19 and then eliminate the residual volume 25 for example by polishing. The tool 8 never goes backwards.
Notons que, même si cette variante n'est pas mise en oeuvre et que le volume résiduel 25 est usiné conformément aux figures 20 à 22, le travail à rebours de l'outil 8 est limité à ce volume résiduel 25 bien inférieur au volume total de la couche 7 à usiner.Note that even if this variant is not implemented and that the residual volume 25 is machined according to FIGS. 20 to 22, the backward work of the tool 8 is limited to this residual volume 25 much less than the total volume of the layer 7 to be machined.
A titre de comparaison, une opération d'usinage dans des conditions similaires va maintenant être décrite mais sans procéder à la réalisation d'un évidement préalable.By way of comparison, a machining operation under similar conditions will now be described but without carrying out a preliminary recess.
Les figures 24 à 27 montrent une telle opération. La figure 24 montre l'usinage par un outil 26 d'une couche 27 de matière à usiner sur un brut 28. Cet usinage est réalisé en synchronisant la position de l'outil 26 avec la position angulaire du brut 28. Cette figure 24 est la dernière position de l'outil 26 avant le début d'un travail à rebours puisqu'une portion de la ligne d'usinage 26, au niveau de sa position 26A, va passer de l'autre côté de l'axe 29 de rotation du brut 28. La figure 25 montre en effet que l'outil 26 travaille en usinage nominal dans sa position 26B selon une ligne d'usinage 30 tandis qu'il travaille, au niveau de sa position 26A, d'une part en usinage nominal selon une ligne d'usinage 31 d'un côté de l'axe 29 et, d'autre part, en usinage à rebours selon une ligne d'usinage 32 de l'autre côté de l'axe 29.Figures 24 to 27 show such an operation. FIG. 24 shows the machining by a tool 26 of a layer 27 of material to be machined on a stock 28. This machining is performed by synchronizing the position of the tool 26 with the angular position of the stock 28. This figure 24 is the last position of the tool 26 before the beginning of a work in progress since a portion of the machining line 26, at its position 26A, will pass on the other side of the rotation axis 29 crude 28. FIG. 25 shows in fact that the tool 26 works in nominal machining in its position 26B along a machining line 30 while it is working, at its position 26A, firstly in nominal machining along a line of machining 31 on one side of the axis 29 and, on the other hand, in machining down a machining line 32 on the other side of the axis 29.
L'usinage se poursuit ainsi conformément aux figures 26 et 27 jusqu'à l'enlèvement complet de la couche 27.The machining continues thus in accordance with Figures 26 and 27 until the complete removal of the layer 27.
La figure 28 montre le volume résiduel 33 de la couche 27 qui, à partir de la position de la figure 24, est usiné avec l'outil 26 travaillant à rebours. La hauteur de passe f du volume résiduel 33 correspond à la profondeur de passe définissant la couche 7 et est bien supérieure à la hauteur f du volume résiduel 25 du procédé selon l'invention (voir figure 23).Figure 28 shows the residual volume 33 of the layer 27 which, from the position of Figure 24, is machined with the tool 26 working backwards. The pass height f of the residual volume 33 corresponds to the pass depth defining the layer 7 and is much greater than the height f of the residual volume of the process according to the invention (see FIG. 23).
Le procédé selon l'invention permet donc une réduction importante du volume usiné à rebours lors de l'emploi d'une telle technique de tournage où la position d'un outil est synchronisée avec la position angulaire du brut à usiner.The method according to the invention therefore allows a significant reduction of the machined volume down when using such a turning technique where the position of a tool is synchronized with the angular position of the rough to be machined.
La différence entre le volume résiduel 25 du procédé selon l'invention et le volume résiduel 33 est telle que, grâce au procédé selon l'invention, l'outil d'usinage travaille très peu à rebours. Le volume résiduel 25 étant de plus fortement inférieur au volume résiduel 33, ce volume résiduel 25 peut être, en variante, laissé tel quel ou poli lors d'une opération supplémentaire. L'outil d'usinage ne travaille donc pas du tout à rebours selon cette variante.The difference between the residual volume of the process according to the invention and the residual volume 33 is such that, thanks to the method according to the invention, the machining tool works very little in reverse. Since the residual volume 25 is also considerably smaller than the residual volume 33, this residual volume 25 may alternatively be left as it is or polished during an additional operation. The machining tool therefore does not work at all backwards according to this variant.
Des variantes de réalisation du procédé peuvent être envisagées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. Notamment, bien que les opérations des figures 3 à 22 aient été décrites en référence à l'usinage d'une couche 7 de matière à usiner d'épaisseur régulière sur une surface plane prismée 6, le procédé selon l'invention s'applique bien entendu à la production d'une lentille ophtalmique conforme aux figures 1 et 2 en enlevant une couche de matière d'épaisseur irrégulière d'un brut 5. Alternative embodiments of the method can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, although the operations of FIGS. 3 to 22 have been described with reference to the machining of a layer 7 of material of regular thickness on a flat prismed surface 6, the process according to the invention is applicable. understood to produce an ophthalmic lens according to Figures 1 and 2 by removing a layer of material of irregular thickness of a crude 5.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé d'usinage d'une face (3) d'une lentille ophtalmique (1) comportant une étape principale d'usinage au cours de laquelle la position d'un outil d'usinage (8) est synchronisée avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ) entraînée en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (4) transversal à ladite face (3) de sorte à usiner sur ladite face une surface asymétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation (4) de la lentille ophtalmique (1), ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une étape complémentaire d'usinage d'un évidement (22) autour de l'axe de rotation (4) de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ).1. A method of machining a face (3) of an ophthalmic lens (1) comprising a main machining step during which the position of a machining tool (8) is synchronized with the angular position the ophthalmic lens (1) driven in rotation about an axis of rotation (4) transverse to said face (3) so as to machine on said face an asymmetric surface with respect to the axis of rotation (4) of the ophthalmic lens (1), this method being characterized in that it comprises a complementary step of machining a recess (22) around the axis of rotation (4) of the ophthalmic lens (1).
2. Procédé d'usinage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage est réalisée préalablement à ladite étape principale d'usinage.2. Machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that said complementary machining step is performed prior to said main machining step.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit évidement (22) définit une portion de ladite surface asymétrique.3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said recess (22) defines a portion of said asymmetric surface.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage est réalisée grâce à l'outil d'usinage4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said complementary machining step is performed through the machining tool
(8).(8).
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage est réalisée grâce à un outil distinct de l'outil d'usinage (8). 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said complementary machining step is performed through a separate tool of the machining tool (8).
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'outil destiné à l'usinage de l'évidement (22) n'est en contact avec la lentille ophtalmique (1 ) qu'au cours d'une portion angulaire de la rotation de la lentille ophtalmique (1).6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tool for machining the recess (22) is in contact with the ophthalmic lens (1) that during an angular portion of the rotation of the ophthalmic lens (1).
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite étape complémentaire d'usinage est réalisée sans synchroniser la position d'un outil destiné à l'usinage de l'évidement (22) avec la position angulaire de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ) entraînée en rotation.7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that said complementary machining step is performed without synchronizing the position of a tool for machining the recess (22) with the angular position of the ophthalmic lens (1). ) rotated.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que l'usinage de l'évidement (22) est réalisé en déplaçant un outil en direction de l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ). 8. Method according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the machining of the recess (22) is achieved by moving a tool in the direction of the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens (1).
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'avancée dudit outil est stoppée lorsque le centre de l'outil est positionné sur l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ).9. The method of claim 8, characterized in that the advance of said tool is stopped when the center of the tool is positioned on the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens (1).
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement (22) comporte un bord passant par l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique (1).10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the recess (22) has an edge passing through the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens (1).
11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un volume résiduel de matière est adapté à être usiné à rebours par l'outil d'usinage (8) lors de l'étape principale d'usinage, ce volume résiduel étant sensiblement centré par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la lentille ophtalmique (1 ).11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a residual volume of material is adapted to be machined back by the machining tool (8) during the main machining step, this residual volume being substantially centered with respect to the axis of rotation of the ophthalmic lens (1).
12. Procédé selon la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que ledit volume résiduel est usiné au cours de l'étape principale d'usinage.12. The method of claim 11, characterized in that said residual volume is machined during the main machining step.
13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que l'étape principale d'usinage est stoppée avant l'usinage dudit volume résiduel. 13. The method of claim 11, characterized in that the main machining step is stopped before machining said residual volume.
EP06726064A 2005-03-17 2006-03-10 Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre Active EP1871572B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06726064T PL1871572T3 (en) 2005-03-17 2006-03-10 Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0502651A FR2883215B1 (en) 2005-03-17 2005-03-17 PROCESS FOR MACHINING AN OPTIONAL LENS OF OPTALMIC LENS IN THE CENTER
PCT/FR2006/000533 WO2006097606A1 (en) 2005-03-17 2006-03-10 Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1871572A1 true EP1871572A1 (en) 2008-01-02
EP1871572B1 EP1871572B1 (en) 2009-11-25

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EP06726064A Active EP1871572B1 (en) 2005-03-17 2006-03-10 Method of machining a face of an ophthalmic lens that is prism-ballasted at the centre

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US (1) US8215210B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1871572B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5020226B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101142054B (en)
AT (1) ATE449667T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006224447B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0609013B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2601536C (en)
DE (1) DE602006010680D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2883215B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1871572T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1871572E (en)
WO (1) WO2006097606A1 (en)

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EP2263831A1 (en) 2009-06-15 2010-12-22 Essilor International (Compagnie Générale D'Optique) Method for Machining a Surface of an Optical Lens.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2006224447B2 (en) 2011-01-20
WO2006097606A8 (en) 2007-10-18
DE602006010680D1 (en) 2010-01-07
AU2006224447A1 (en) 2006-09-21
FR2883215A1 (en) 2006-09-22
US20080190254A1 (en) 2008-08-14
FR2883215B1 (en) 2008-11-07
JP2008532783A (en) 2008-08-21
CN101142054A (en) 2008-03-12
CA2601536C (en) 2014-09-16
US8215210B2 (en) 2012-07-10
BRPI0609013A8 (en) 2018-07-31
BRPI0609013A2 (en) 2010-11-16
BRPI0609013B1 (en) 2019-07-30
WO2006097606A1 (en) 2006-09-21
PT1871572E (en) 2010-01-26
PL1871572T3 (en) 2010-05-31
EP1871572B1 (en) 2009-11-25
JP5020226B2 (en) 2012-09-05
ATE449667T1 (en) 2009-12-15
CA2601536A1 (en) 2006-09-21
CN101142054B (en) 2010-08-11

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