EP1861526A1

EP1861526A1 - Method and entanglement nozzle for producing knotted yarn

Info

Publication number: EP1861526A1
Application number: EP06705395A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Simmen
Original assignee: Oerlikon Heberlein Temco Wattwil AG
Current assignee: Heberlein AG
Priority date: 2005-03-20
Filing date: 2006-03-16
Publication date: 2007-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-16
Also published as: TW200634186A; CN1865554B; JP2008533324A; CN103603114A; CN1865554A; WO2006099763A1; KR20070115978A; JP4255984B2; ATE529549T1; KR100912747B1; US7568266B2; TWI313310B; CN103603114B; US20090031693A1; EP1861526B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an entanglement nozzle and to a method for producing fine knotted yarn with highly regular knots by means of air jets comprising a yarn treatment channel. According to said method, air is blown transversally to the yarn treatment channel. Said blown air forms a respective double swirl both in the yarn transport direction and against the yarn transport direction for creating the knots. According to the invention, upon entry into the yarn treatment channel, the blown air is converted into two intense, stationary eddy currents that are not disrupted by filament bundles, in an air swirling chamber that only extends for a short distance in the longitudinal direction of the yarn channel. The regularity of the knots can be significantly improved, despite the tiny dimensions of the air swirling chamber, which projects beyond the longitudinal wall of the yarn channel for a maximum 0.5 mm or for 5 % to 22 % of the width (B) of said channel. It is also possible to create hard or soft knots that can be subsequently undone.

Description

Process and swirl nozzle for the

Production of knot yarn Technical field

The invention relates to a process for the production of knot yarn or twisted yarn of DTY (Draw Twist Yarn) and / or plain yarns with high regularity of the knots by means of air nozzles with a yarn treatment channel and blown air which is blown in transversely to the yarn treatment channel, the blown air in Yarn conveying direction and against the yarn conveying direction each form a double swirl to produce the knots. The invention further relates to a intermingling nozzle for the production of knot yarn with high regularity of the knots with a continuous yarn treatment channel and a blown air supply channel, the blown air supply channel being directed to the longitudinal center axis of the yarn treatment channel.

State of the art

In the recent past, increasingly fine filaments have been produced. These are called microfilaments if the denier per filament (dpf) is between 0.5 and approx. 1.2. The yarns made from it are called microfilament yarns. One speaks of super microfilament yarns if the dpf is <0.5. If microfilaments are subsequently referred to, supermicrofilaments are also included, unless stated otherwise. Even yarns with a dpf above 1.2 require gentle processing so that neither individual filaments nor the entire yarn breaks. This applies even more to microfilament games. In the case of microfilament yarns, the combination of all filaments is of great importance. It must be ensured that individual filaments do not stick out and thus pose a risk of breakage. DTY-yarns means "Draw-Twist-Yarn", in German: false zwimtexturiete Game.

Twisted yarns with so-called air interlacing are used on a relatively large scale in the market. Two trends can be seen in the market. In many applications, all filament finenesses require well-trained, strong and stable knots due to the air turbulence. The air nozzle must be trained in relation to all parameters for this. The situation is different for fine, especially microfilament yarns. These yarns are used to produce fine fabrics that have to be very smooth and silky to the touch. This shows that the formation of very stable and almost indissoluble nodes can be disadvantageous can, in that the knots undesirably emerge as a type of grid, especially on the finest, unstained fabric. Knots are desired in yarn processing; however, these should disappear completely later when the fine yarns are processed into fabrics or other materials. The so-called knot yarn is produced with the swirling in swirling nozzles. The knots ensure the local integration of all filaments and short knot sequences over the entire yarn run. The aim of the swirling is a high number of knots per meter with a regular distance between the knots. The conditions according to the device are given with a yarn treatment channel with a blown air supply across the yarn channel. The blown air flows out on both sides of the Gamkanals and forms a so-called double vortex through the approximately central blowing in the yarn transport direction and against the yarn transport direction. Passing the yarn through the corresponding swirl zone results in a kind of alternating air movement, which is ultimately responsible for the repetitive formation of knots with short breaks between the knots. The art now lies in the optimal design of all three dimensions of the yarn channel of a swirling nozzle as well as the type of air supply, air pressure, delivery and the speed of yarn transport, an optimum between the three yarn quality criteria,

- node stability,

- number of nodes per meter,

- Regular knot formation

to find for the respective application. For coarser filaments dpf 1.2- 4, a knot number of up to 110 and for microfilament yarns up to 200 per meter of yarn is desired. The air pressure for microfilaments is around 0.5 to 1.5 bar. The lead is 3% - 6%. In the case of fine filaments, 140 points or knots are generated per meter of yarn length in the prior art. The highest possible regularity of the knot sequence is desired. The aim is to prevent knot-free yarn strands in which one or more knots are missing in succession. The degree of stability indicates the tensile forces under which the knots dissolve again. In the simplest way to check this, the yarn is held between two hands and tensioned slowly or jerkily.

DE 197 00 817 shows a special form of a swirling nozzle for carpet yarn, that is to say for very rough BCF games. The starting point was a process for the continuous production of spin-textured filament yarns in a continuous yarn channel or intermingling channel of a swirl nozzle. The filament yarn is directed through the spinal nozzle and forward and backward out of the Blown air stream flowing out of the yarn channel is swirled and the exhaust air of the reverse vortex is discharged from the yarn insertion area in the opposite direction to the blown air supply. As a solution, it is proposed that two vortices of unequal strength are generated in the swirl channel, the forward vortex being designed to have a stronger effect than the backward vortex.

DE 37 11 759 starts from finer to medium-sized yarns and tries to improve the processability of the yarn in the subsequent processing, for example on weaving, knitting, knitting and tufting machines. The inventor started from a swirling device for swirling multifilament yarns, which has at least one yarn channel, yarn guides being arranged at intervals from the inlet and outlet mouth of the yarn channel and the filaments of each multifilament game in the yarn channel being able to swirl compressed air that can be blown into it by means of a blowing nozzle. The yarn experiences a change in direction of less than 90 ° when it enters and leaves the yarn channel, and the blowing angle of the blowing nozzle is less than 90 °. As a new solution, it is proposed that the yarn guides are arranged in such a way that, when the compressed air supply is switched off, the yarn is applied to the yarn channel in such a way that it extends in the yarn channel parallel to its longitudinal direction and thereby abuts the outlet mouth of the at least one blowing nozzle. The distance between the thread guides is a maximum of 30 mm from the thread channel mouths adjacent to them. The length of the yarn channel is a maximum of 40 mm for uncrimped multifilament yarns and a maximum of 30 mm for crimped multifilament yarns. DE 37 11 759 is at least due to the fact that the knowledge of the positive effect of a short thread channel for the production of knot thread has spread to a broader professional community. Specifically, a gamkanallen length of 10 - 28 mm is proposed for textured or crimped yarns. The range of 10 mm yarn channel length in particular is understood to be short.

Recent experience shows that the very widespread use of air nozzles for the production of knot yarn in very fine, especially microfilaments, is unsatisfactory. With regard to fine yarns, especially with microfilament yarns, the highest regularity of the knot sequence is required in any case, but in certain applications with only weak, temporarily constant but reversible, ie knots that dissolve again during yarn processing. The knots must not appear in the finished fabric. Many attempts have been made to operate nozzles of the prior art, for example with lower pressures of the feed air. It is known that weaker knots occur at lower air pressures, but with the disadvantage of one irregularity that is often unacceptable, both in terms of knot strength and stability as well as the distances between the knots.

Recently there has been a very strong trend towards the use of so-called microfilament yarns. The question of the regularity of the nodes and at least sufficient stability of the nodes for further processing is of central importance in many applications. In most cases, it is required that the number of knots should not fall noticeably below the currently achievable 140 knots / m, and that the pressure required for the blown air can be reduced with regard to the energy requirement.

The object of the invention was now to find a method and a intermingling nozzle with which the aforementioned quality criteria for the production of fine, in particular microfilament yarns, can be achieved even at high yarn transport speeds, with the four target requirements:

- pressure reduction for the blowing air,

- Number of nodes per meter> 140 / m for dpf <1.2,

- adjustable knot stability,

- high regularity of the knot sequence.

Presentation of the invention

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the blown air in the entry area into the yarn treatment channel is displaced in an air swirl chamber into two strong stationary air swirl flows which are almost undisturbed by filament bundles.

The intermingling nozzle according to the invention is characterized in that in the opening area of the blown air supply duct, a blown air duct extension is formed in the yarn treatment duct to form an air swirl chamber for two counter-rotating stationary air swirl flows, the blown air duct extension projecting by less than 22% but more than 5% of the thread duct width.

Two swirling nozzles are known in the prior art with respect to the new invention:

- Firstly, there are intermingling nozzles with continuous yarn channels, e.g. is described in the introduction DE 37 11 759. The typical is an even, continuous thread channel.

Secondly, there are swirling nozzles with a yarn swirling chamber in the area of the blown air supply into the yarn channel. The starting point was the model that the open individual filaments of the yarn were an additional one Chamber need to swing out to the side, creating improved knot stability.

It is interesting that a high number of nodes is achieved in the former case. However, it is disadvantageous that the stability of the knots and the regularity of the knot sequence deteriorate noticeably even with a slight reduction in the pressure of the blown air. In the second case, the node stability is sufficient, but the number of nodes is not sufficient for many applications.

The new invention has separated itself from the so-called "vortex chamber". A vortex chamfer is understood to mean a relatively large expansion of the gam channel before and after the area of the air inlet. The aim was to give the yarn or the individual filaments the opportunity to The new invention, on the other hand, seeks an improvement on the air side. An air twist chamber or microwirl chamber is proposed for the air. It is true that with the vortex chamber, the knot stability However, this is at the expense of the number of knots. Fewer knots are produced per meter of yarn. However, the individual knots are longer. It was completely surprising in laboratory tests with the new solution according to the invention that a knot stability that had not previously been achieved could be achieved with uniform knots with almost no loss with regard to the number of nodes. The micro vortex for the air alone is possible because the local air flow is in the sonic and supersonic range and the phenomena of supersonic flow are used, in which two strong stationary air swirl flows are forced locally.

The inventor has also recognized that in the previous methods an insufficient model of knot formation was assumed. The opposite vortices in each outflow direction are stable as long as there is no yarn in the yarn channel. The presence of the yarn causes the swirl to oscillate back and forth. Investigations by the applicant showed that the very short-term oscillation of the two opposing vertebrae is at the center of the knot formation. A combination between the two large vertebrae and an indefinite number of small vertebrae causes the individual filaments to be torn and tied. The fact is the complete instability of the opposite vortex when yarn is transported through the yarn channel. In contrast, the model of the prior art was restricted to the formation of double vertebrae. The resulting contradiction was overlooked. The inventor has now recognized that the situation in the treatment of fine yarns can be improved significantly if instead of one continuous, even yarn channel or a swirl chamber, an air swirl chamber is installed in the inlet area of the blown air in the yarn treatment channel, so that the air flow at the point in question is set into two strong undisturbed swirl flows. The air swirl chamber represents a miniature blown air duct extension and forms a transition between a completely stable swirl flow in the area of the air injection and the subsequent, likewise completely unstable swirl zone until it emerges from the yarn duct. A sharp swirl approach is thus given both in the direction of yarn transport and against the direction of yarn transport. The air flows take place at the speed of sound and supersonic, so that the corresponding phenomena can also be used.

The invention allows a number of advantageous configurations. The model is based on the fact that a short region with a stable swirl flow is created in the air swirl chamber, which is followed by an alternating vortex zone both in the direction of yarn transport and against the direction of yarn transport. Below is a tabular overview of the different yarn types with the corresponding filament fineness

Continuous filament yarns: subdivision of common yarn and filament fineness

Larger series of tests with the solution according to the invention have shown that compressed air of more than 0.5 bar but less than 3 bar can be used for the blown air and that a knot yarn with high stability of the knot can be produced. Yarns smaller than 2 to 5 dpf, especially smaller than 1 dpf, were treated. The yarn channel cross section is preferably semicircular or U-shaped, the yarn channel width (B) being greater than the yarn channel depth (T). The air twist chamber represents a dome-like air channel expansion in the yarn channel. The air twist chamber is at least approximately symmetrical and projects on both sides less than 0.5 mm beyond the side yarn channel walls. A very important point of the new solution is that the air twist chamber is designed in such a miniaturized manner that the yarn bundle cannot penetrate completely into the lateral expansion of the air twist chamber. The air swirl chamber only protrudes a fraction of a millimeter from the yarn channel wall. For example, the largest air chamber width of 2.2 mm is proposed for a 1.6 mm wide yarn channel. Initially, it was completely surprising for everyone involved that such a small measure could achieve correspondingly large effects. However, the explanation lies in the targeted design of the supersonic air flow.

The new invention was able to be investigated in large series of tests with DTY yarns (false twist yarns). The results were good for fine, medium and coarse yarns. The results were most surprising for fine yarns, especially microfilament yarns. Initial attempts with plain yarns were positive, even if the result was less clear in relation to DTY yarns. At least on the basis of theoretical considerations, the new invention can also be used with BCF yarns, with the BCF yarns due to the much larger yarn channel widths of up to 8 mm, the air swirl chamber should at most 22%, at least 5% of the yarn channel width.

The new invention also allows a number of advantageous configurations of the yarn intermingling nozzle. It is proposed that the yarn treatment cross section be semicircular or U-shaped and with a flat baffle cover.

All tests have clearly shown that the actual critical mass of the air swirl chamber is the lateral protrusion and the longitudinal dimensions. The air swirl chamber is designed as a miniaturized dome with respect to the cross-section of the yarn treatment channel, with the air swirl chamber protruding less than 0.5 mm on both sides of the yarn treatment channel. The excess dimension of smaller 0.5 mm could be confirmed with yarns of up to 500 denier, i.e. with yarn channel widths of up to 3 mm.

Comparative tests: influence of the length of the vortex chamber

* = Loss of knots, stability and evenness

** = Slight loss of knots, slight gain in stability

*** = optimal result with the solution according to the invention

For larger twine channel widths over 3 mm, an excess dimension of less than 22% and greater than 5% of the twine channel width is prescribed. The excess dimension is preferably between 10% and 20% of the yarn channel width. The air swirl chamber also preferably has an approximately circularly symmetrical outer contour and forms a continuation of the center axis of the blown air supply duct. To intensify the lateral formation of air swirls, the width of the yarn channel cross section is very particularly preferably greater than the yarn channel depth in the direction of the blown air supply. The treatment channel can be designed as a wide channel with a width of preferably 0.6 to 3 mm, particularly preferably with a ratio of yarn channel width (B) to yarn channel depth (T) of 1.2 to 2.5. According to tests, the length of the air swirl chamber was preferably less than 1.3 of the yarn channel width. Advantageously, the length of the air swirl chamber is approximately 0.7 to 1.6, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 in relation to the width of the gam channel, which is substantially below the L / B ratio of approximately 1.75 of the prior art Technology is.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the blown air supply duct is round or oval or oval with a triangular character or Y-shaped, the side dimension of the blown air supply duct being at most equal to or smaller than the corresponding yarn duct width. The yarn channel width (B) is made larger than the air supply channel width d, preferably in a ratio B / d of 1.1 to 3. According to a further very advantageous solution, it is proposed that the yarn channel be formed by a flat, displaceable baffle plate and a nozzle plate with the blown air supply. The thread channel is preferably formed by a nozzle plate and a baffle plate that can be displaced with it (as a so-called slide jet) with an open position of the thread channel for threading the yarn and a closed position of the thread channel for producing a knot thread. The nozzle plate is designed as a plate-like ceramic disk in such a way that the ceramic disk can be installed and removed together with a sliding part in the swirling nozzle and / or that the ceramic disk in the sliding part can be installed and removed.

Brief description of the invention

The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of a few exemplary embodiments. FIGS. 1a-1f show the configuration of the yarn treatment channel of the prior art

Technology with the new knowledge of opposing vortices on both downstream sides; FIGS. 2a-2d the solution according to the invention with an air swirl chamber; FIGS. 3a-3c different cross-sectional shapes of the blown air supply duct; FIG. 4a shows the result of a calculation model for the strong stationary swirl flows in the area of the air swirl chamber; FIG. 4b shows the transient vortices, which in the calculation model do not include the

Presence of the yarn are stationary; FIG. 4c shows a schematic model for the stationary swirl flows in the

Area of the air swirl chamber and the unsteady vortex in both directions of flow of the treatment air; Figures 5a to 5e various details of a nozzle plate with attached

Air claw chambers; FIGS. 6a to 6d a complete swirling nozzle of the SlideJet type in the open and closed position and with the disassembled

Nozzle plate (Figure 6c and 6d); Figures 7a to 7f the most important subsequent steps for the removal of the sliding plate or the nozzle plate; Figures 8a to 8d the installation or removal of a nozzle plate in a sliding part of the

Swirl nozzle; FIG. 9a schematically shows an untreated plain yarn; FIG. 9b shows a knot thread with soft knots; FIG. 9c a knot yarn with hard knots (dark lines); FIG. 9d shows a knot yarn of the state of the art with a very irregular knot formation; In contrast to FIGS. 9c to 9d, FIGS. 10a to 10c show irregularities in the knot sequence, some with different ones

Distances, sometimes with missing knots; FIG. 11 shows a comparison of hard, almost no longer resolvable nodes, which are generated with compressed air of 1.5 to 3 bar. On the right in the picture are soft knots, which with

Compressed air of 0.5 to 1.5 bar is generated and usually dissolves again in the course of yarn processing; FIGS. 12a and 12b show a special form of the blown air supply duct with a Y-shaped cross section; FIG. 12c shows a further example of the configuration of an air swirl chamber 11 'according to the invention; FIGS. 13a to 13d show a solution by the applicant of the prior art with an oversized thread swirl channel; FIG. 14a shows a solution according to the invention and FIGS. 14b and 14c solutions of the prior art as a comparison to FIG

14a; FIGS. 15a to 15c compare the results with solutions of the

State of the art (Figures 15a and 15b) and the new

Solution (Figure 15c); Figures 16a and 16b important quality differences from laboratory comparative studies with solutions of the prior art and with the new invention; 17 shows the test results with a comparison with and without air twist

Chamber with flat yarn ("fully drawn") with different

Air pressure in the supply air.

Ways and implementation of the invention

FIGS. 1a to 1f show the classic model for the production of a knot yarn 2 ¹ by means of a intermingling nozzle 1. In this case, knots K are formed from an invertebrate smooth yarn 2 in a yarn treatment channel 3 by the action of blown air BL with the individual filaments, which according to the classic understanding from a double vortex formation of the blown air, both in the yarn transport direction 7 and in the opposite direction the yarn transport direction within the yarn treatment channel 3 are generated. The blown air BL enters via a blown air duct 4 in the direction of the arrow 5 and, as can be seen from FIGS. 1b and 1d, generates the typical double swirls 6. The knot yarn 2 'leaves the intermingling nozzle 1 according to arrow 8. The yarn treatment duct 3 has according to the figures 1a and 1b a round cross section. The same applies to the blown air duct 4. The solution according to FIGS. 1c and 1d also corresponds to the known state of the art and represents an improved solution in that the duct 3 is formed by a semicircular shape in a nozzle plate 9 and a flat cover plate 10. This specific shape results in significantly more pronounced double vertebrae 6, as is shown in FIG. 1d.

Only major investigations in recent times have shown that the knowledge of knot formation was very incomplete. In fact, knot formation does not simply result from the two stable double vertebrae 6. A basic prerequisite for knot formation is the following fact:

a) It is true that the blown air jet BL generates a double vortex in the yarn treatment channel (FIGS. 1b and 1d). b) However, according to FIGS. 1c and 1f, the double vortex is completely disturbed when a filament yarn 2 enters the yarn treatment channel 3. The stable double swirls are destroyed within milliseconds when the yarn enters. A one-sided vortex 6 * builds up in one yarn treatment channel half, while the vortex 6 ** collapses. The result is that all the filaments in the yarn treatment channel 3 swing to the right side. However, the collection of all filaments on the right side immediately destroys this double vortex, so that a correspondingly large vortex 6 *** appears on the left side almost without delay (FIG. 1b). In the presence of the blown air and the filament yarn, this pendulum movement is a completely unsteady permanent condition and ultimately the cause of the knot formation.

Figures 2a to 2d show a solution according to the invention. In contrast to FIGS. 1c to 1f, the yarn treatment channel 3 additionally has an air swirl chamber 11 which represents a direct continuation of the blowing air supply channel 4 into the yarn treatment channel 3. The yarn treatment channel 3 is expanded in the manner of a dome at the location of the blowing air supply channel 4, as can be seen from a corresponding dome 12 in FIG. 2b. This creates an additional swirl flow in a section II, II of FIG. 4, corresponding to the two arrows 13, 13 'in FIG. 2a. The dome-like expansion permits a locally stationary swirl flow without a negative influence of the unsteady swirl movement in the subsequent part of the yarn treatment channel 3. The locally stationary swirl flow rather goes directly into the unsteady swirl flow, corresponding to the two FIGS. 2c and 2d. FIG. 2b shows a nozzle plate 9 designed according to the invention. The same reference numerals were chosen for the same features as for FIGS. 1 and 2. The miniature design of the air swirl chamber is clearly recognizable, which is only made so large that the filament bundle cannot move in it.

FIGS. 3a to 3c show three different cross-sectional shapes for the blown air supply duct; FIG. 3a with a circular shape 4 ¹ , FIG. 3b with a half oval 4 "and FIG. 3c with an oval shape 4 '".

Figures 4a and 4b each show the result of a CFD flow calculation. In FIG. 4a, the blown air supply BL can be seen very clearly from bottom to top. The upper level is designated E and represents the impact surface of the blown air flow BL on the baffle plate 10. The air swirl chamber 11 results from the two small spherical recesses 12. One can clearly see the two swirl flows 14 in FIG. 4a, which are in a range of less than 1 to 2 mm in the longitudinal direction result in a very stable flow shape. In FIG. 4a, on the basis of the same calculation model (without the presence of yarn), the stationary swirl flow 14 can be seen in the middle and the two double vortices 6 in the upper part of the figure. FIG. 4c is a drawing which schematically shows the two flow forms.

FIGS. 5a to 5e show the solution according to the invention from FIGS. 2 to 4, mounted in a concrete nozzle plate 9 for a SlideJet nozzle.

Figures 6a and 6b show a whole swirling nozzle 1, which is designed as a SlideJet. FIG. 6b shows the open or the threading position, and FIG. 6a shows the closed operating position. A nozzle plate 9 is installed in the swirling nozzle 1, wherein a sliding part 23 can slide back and forth on the lower leg of a yoke 25. The sliding movement takes place by means of a slide lever 26, which converts the rotary movement into the linear movement via a corresponding mechanism. The rotary movement of the slide lever 26 is converted into a pure slide movement according to arrow 27. A baffle plate 10 is very important for the swirling, which continuously rests on the upper flat surface of the nozzle plate 9 under spring pressure is pressed. The flat, flat surface with high surface fineness allows movement with a simultaneous sealing function, for which purpose the baffle plate 10 in ceramic and a nozzle plate 9 in ceramic are particularly suitable. The yarn channel 3 and an air supply channel are installed in the nozzle plate 9. For the operating position, the air supply duct can be connected to a compressed air source 22. The game channel 3 is determined in the operating position by the part visible in FIG. 6a and the lower flat surface of the baffle plate 10. FIG. 6c shows a nozzle plate 9. FIG. 6d shows an entire sliding part 23 with an inserted nozzle plate 9. FIG. 6d also shows that the fastening of the nozzle plate 9 in the sliding part 23 leaves many possible solutions. The nozzle plate 9 can be cast directly into the sliding part 23, for example by an injection molding process, so that the ceramic disk and sliding part 23 fit in. form an inseparable component. It would also be possible to glue the ceramic disc into the sliding part.

Figure 7a shows the closed operating position. The slide lever 26 is in the lowered position of the thread channel 3 for the passage of the yarn for air treatment, for which compressed air can be supplied via a connection or a compressed air hole. By folding the slide lever 26 upward, the sliding part 23 is pushed forward (FIG. 7c) and at the same time the air supply is switched off, which is accomplished by displacing the two compressed air supply bores by the dimension G. By pressing a release lever according to arrow K, the spring pressure force is released via the baffle plate 10 and the engagement of a sliding axis in an engagement groove is released, so that the sliding part 23 can be freely pushed forward (FIG. 7b). The sliding part 23 can now be removed from the device (FIG. 7f) and the ceramic disk can be removed in the opposite direction to the sliding part 23. The reassembly takes place in the opposite sense to FIGS. 7a to 7f.

A particularly advantageous connection is shown with FIGS. 8a to 8c. FIG. 8a shows the first step for the installation of the nozzle plate 9. The nozzle plate 9 is placed on the sliding part 23 transversely to the direction of sliding in accordance with arrow 41. Here, a negative and a positive part 42, 43 help to precisely place the nozzle plate 9 by hand, as shown in FIG. 8b in a perspective view. In FIG. 8d, the nozzle plate 9 is completely set down on the sliding part 23, the rotational movement of the nozzle plate 9 being recognizable according to the arrow. The nozzle plate 9 has a nook on both sides and the sliding part 23 has a matching round sliding guide. The nozzle plate 9 points on both sides with respect to a center of rotation Circle segments that fit into the corresponding circular guides of the sliding part 23 with little play. After completion of the rotary movement in accordance with FIG. 8d, there is a locking point, which engages from below with slight spring pressure and fixes the nozzle plate 9 in the operating position.

FIG. 9a shows non-intermingled yarn 2. However, this can be both smooth and FZ textured. The individual filaments 45 are indicated by the straight lines. FIG. 9b shows a softly intermingled yarn. The rather shorter knots K are typical, the knots being symbolized with thin straight lines. FIG. 9c shows hard, relatively long knots K between the swirled open areas. The hard knots are symbolized with thicker lines. FIG. 9d shows a typical knot yarn of the prior art with very irregular knots.

Figures 10a to 10c show some examples with irregular knot formation.

FIG. 11 is a comparison for hard and soft knots that can be created with the new invention. FIG. 11 shows a typical associated range for the use of compressed air of 1.5 to 3 bar or 0.5 to 1.5 bar. Depending on the market and especially the type of processing, hard knots or soft knots are required.

FIGS. 12a and 12b show the possibility of using a Y-shaped blown air duct cross section with a corresponding main air duct H and secondary air duct N. FIG. 12c shows another example of the configuration of an air swirl chamber 11 'according to the invention.

Figures 13a to 13c show a solution of the prior art, as has been produced by the applicant for over 20 years. A long gam swirl chamber with a relatively large width and length is typical here. The model behind this solution was that the yarn can swing out as far as possible in the gamble chamber.

FIG. 14a shows a solution according to the invention and, as a comparison (FIGS. 14b, 14c), two solutions of the prior art. All studies to date have shown that there is a critical measure for the survival of the air swirl chamber. This is about 0.5 mm. In all chamber designs where the chamber protrudes laterally by more than 0.5 mm, a noticeable reduction in quality is found. The Experiments to date have shown that the lateral protrusion of the chamber over the yarn treatment channel 3 is to be assessed as critical. It was found that the chamber on the yarn channel longitudinal direction is advantageously less than 1.3 times the yarn channel width (B).

FIGS. 15a, 15b and 15c show a comparison of the knot formation: FIG. 15a according to a solution according to FIGS. 13a to 13c, FIG. 15b according to a solution without a swirl chamber according to FIGS. 1 and 1a and FIG. 15c the solution according to the invention. Yarns come with all three solutions, e.g. 80 f 72, 80 f 108, 72 f 72 and 80 f 34. Depending on the mode of operation or the pressure of the blown air, soft or hard knots are formed.

The two FIGS. 16a and 16b show results with comparative tests, FIG. 16a with coarse and FIG. 16b with fine yarn. The left figure shows the number of knots per meter, the middle figure the scattering of the knots and the right figure the stability or the loss of knots under tension. Nozzles with no chamber or with rounded chambers were used throughout (with spherical cap widths K of 2.2; 2.4; 2.6; 2.8 mm). The chamber was designed in a dome-like shape. It can clearly be seen that the dome width K according to the invention of 2.2 mm with a real air swirl chamber according to the invention achieved the best results. The thread channel width was 1.6 mm in all experiments, the thread channel depth was 1.0 mm and the air injection hole was 1.1 mm. The advantages according to the invention are also visible if elastane yarns are additionally let into the nozzle and combined with the filament yarns mentioned at the beginning.

Claims

1. Process for the production of knot yarn or intermingled yarn of DTY and / or plain yarns with high regularity of the knots by means of air nozzles with a yarn treatment channel as well as blowing air which is blown in transversely to the yarn treatment channel, the blowing air in the yarn conveying direction and against the yarn conveying direction each Forming a double vortex to create the knots, characterized in that the blown air in the entry area into the yarn treatment channel is displaced in an air swirl chamber into two strong stationary swirl flows which are almost undisturbed by the filament bundle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a short region with a stable swirl flow is generated in the air swirl chamber, to which an alternating vortex zone is then followed both in the yarn transport direction and against the yarn transport direction.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pressure of 0.5 to 1.5 bar is used for the blowing air, for producing soft knots, which can dissolve in further processing.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that compressed air of over 1.5 bar is used for the blowing air for the production of hard knots which do not dissolve in further processing.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that yarns smaller than 10 to 15 dpf, preferably finer than 2 dpf, are treated.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the yarn channel cross section is semicircular or U-shaped, wherein the yarn channel width (B) is greater than the yarn channel depth (T).

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the air twist chamber is a dome-like air duct extension in the yarn channel and the flow is similar in shape with respect to a cross section through the yarn channel.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the air swirl chamber is at least approximately symmetrical to the center of the thread channel and on both sides for the production of DTY yarns less than 0.5 mm or between 5% and 22% of the thread channel width over the lateral yarn channel walls protrudes.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the air swirl chamber in the yarn channel longitudinal direction of the blown air supply channel by less than 0.5 mm but at most 22% and at least 5% of the yarn channel width (B).

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the air swirl chamber is designed miniaturized such that the filament bundle cannot penetrate into the lateral expansion of the air swirl chamber.

11. Swirling nozzle for the production of knot yarn with high regularity of the knots with a continuous yarn treatment channel and a blown air supply channel, the blown air supply channel being directed towards the longitudinal center axis of the yarn treatment channel, characterized in that a blown air channel extension is formed in the yarn treatment channel in the mouth region of the blown air supply channel Formation of an air swirl chamber, for two counter-rotating stationary swirl flows, the blown air channel expansion projecting less than 22% but more than 5% of the yarn channel width.

12. interlacing nozzle according to claim 11, characterized in that the yarn treatment cross-section is semicircular or U-shaped and formed with a flat baffle.

13. interlacing nozzle according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the air swirl chamber is designed laterally similar in shape as a miniaturized dome with respect to the yarn treatment channel cross-section.

14. interlacing nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the air swirl chamber on both sides of the yarn treatment channel protrudes less than 0.5 mm.

15. swirl nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the air swirl chamber in the gamkan longitudinal direction is less than 1, 3 x the yarn channel width (B) long.

16. Swirling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the air swirl chamber has an at least approximately circularly symmetrical outer contour and preferably forms a continuation of the center axis of the blown air supply channel.

17. Swirling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that to intensify the lateral air vortex formation, the width of the yarn channel cross section is greater than the yarn channel depth in the direction of the blown air supply.

18. interlacing nozzle according to claim 17, characterized in that the treatment channel as a wide channel with a width of preferably 0.6 to 3 mm, particularly preferably with a ratio of yarn channel width (B) to yarn channel depth (T) of 1.1 to 2.5 is trained.

19. Swirling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the blown air supply duct is round or oval or oval with a triangular character or Y-shaped, the side dimension of the blown air supply duct being at most equal to or smaller than the corresponding yarn duct width.

20. interlacing nozzle according to claim 17 or 19, characterized in that the yarn channel width (B) is larger than the air supply channel width d, preferably in a ratio B / d of 1, 2 to 3.

21. Swirling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the yarn channel is formed by a flat, displaceable baffle plate and a nozzle plate with the blown air supply.

22. interlacing nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 21, characterized in that the yarn channel is formed by a nozzle plate and a slidable baffle plate and a so-called SlideJet with an open position of the yarn channel for threading the yarn and a closed position of the yarn channel for manufacture of a knot yarn.

23. Swirling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 22, characterized in that the nozzle plate is designed as a plate-like ceramic disc and the ceramic disc together with a sliding part in the swirling nozzle and / or that the ceramic disc in the sliding part can be installed and removed as a removable plate.

24. Use of the intermingling nozzle according to one of claims 11 to 23 for the production of knot yarn of BCF games.