EP1861173B1 - Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1861173B1
EP1861173B1 EP06722697A EP06722697A EP1861173B1 EP 1861173 B1 EP1861173 B1 EP 1861173B1 EP 06722697 A EP06722697 A EP 06722697A EP 06722697 A EP06722697 A EP 06722697A EP 1861173 B1 EP1861173 B1 EP 1861173B1
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inhalation
residual capacity
air
evaluation
display unit
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1861173A1 (en
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Frank Krüger
Karl-Heinz Feldner
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MSA Auer GmbH
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MSA Auer GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen

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  • the invention relates to a method for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-generating, circulatory operated respirator with at least one chemical canister connected to an exhalation bag with integrated blower and an inhalation bag with inhalation hose, and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • Such a circulatory respirator with a consumption indicator for the still remaining veratembare air volume during the period of use is for example from the DE 44 11 560 known.
  • An exhalation valve is followed by an exhalation bag in which a blower is housed.
  • the exhaled air is forced by means of the blower through two parallel chemical canisters.
  • the chemical granules contained in the chemical canisters bind some of the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air and convert it into oxygen in an exothermic reaction.
  • the oxygen-enriched air passes through a particle filter in the inhalation bag and an inhalation valve to the user.
  • the operated as insulating, oxygen-generating respirator can - for example, in operations of fire or mine rescue - on a much longer period than conventional SCBA are used. For example, use times of four hours are conceivable, based on a specific - average - tidal volume, of 301 / min. Since the stated usage time is very inaccurate based on an assumed average of the user's respiratory volume per minute (respiratory minute volume) DE 44 11 560 already suggested a coupled to the fan consumption meter. On the basis of the measured blower parameters, the still existing supply of usable respiratory gas is determined with the aid of an evaluation unit.
  • the consumption display determined in the known devices with the aid of the blower parameters is inaccurate, since the consumption of the chemical or the respiratory gas requirement or the respiratory volume per minute is different for the different users and for another is substantially dependent on the burden of the user, that is Conditions of use or breathing, and the temperature determines the volume actually breathed.
  • the consumption display determined on the basis of the blower parameters must be recalibrated during the repair after each use.
  • the repair can not be carried out immediately, but only at a temperature of the blower below 30 ° C.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a method and an arrangement for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for a circulating, oxygen-generating respirator in such a way that during use under the prevailing conditions exact, individual values on the respective Time still available breathing air to be displayed.
  • the object is achieved with a method according to the features of patent claim 1 and an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the features of patent claim 7.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.
  • the essence of the invention consists in determining the pressure profile and the temperature of the inhaled air when inhaling the user, wherein the pressure level and the number of breaths determined at constant, predetermined time intervals and calculated taking into account the temperature actually in the respective time interval inhaled air volume and subtracting the chemical canister of the respirator from the original capacity after each time interval from the previous value of the remaining respiratory air capacity.
  • the remaining residual capacity of respirable air is displayed - preferably as a percentage - at any time of use of the respirator on the basis of actually consumed by the user air and thus offers this a high level of security.
  • the consumption indicator is independent of the respiratory equipment changes and can be immediately prepared for subsequent use without calibration and independent of the temperature and then used.
  • the duration of a time interval is preferably twenty seconds.
  • a fixed value of 201 / min is used for the calculation.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises a sensor unit integrated in the inhalation hose of the respiratory protective device with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure profile and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhaled air which is strongly influenced by the exothermic reaction in the chemical canisters.
  • the sensor unit Via a distributor unit, the sensor unit is connected to an evaluation and display unit.
  • the respiratory volume corresponding to the respective temperature is determined for the respective time interval with the determined number of breaths and their respective pressure levels. This value is subtracted in the evaluation and display unit of the starting capacity or remaining after the previous time interval residual capacity.
  • the evaluation and display unit displays the respectively determined residual capacity on a display.
  • the evaluation and display unit is a dead man's warning and also a fault indicator that relates to the power source, electrical connections, the fan or the starter, and a signal generator for generating a signal when certain residual capacities are installed.
  • the respiratory protective device comprises two parallel disposed chemical canisters 1, which are connected via an air distributor 2 to an exhalation bag 3 with housed in this blower 4. In the wall of the exhalation bag 3, an excess valve 5 is integrated. To the exhalation bag 3 an exhalation hose 6 is connected with exhalation valve 7.
  • the chemical canisters 1 are provided with a cooling jacket 8 and filled with a potassium peroxide granules (KO 2 ) 21.
  • a connecting tube 9 connects the exits of the two chemical canisters 1 via a particle filter 10 with an inhalation bag 11.
  • In the inhalation bag 11 opens a inhalation tube 12 with inhalation valve 13.
  • the exhalation valve 7 and the inhalation valve 13 are connected to a valve control (not shown).
  • the enriched with carbon dioxide expiratory air flows through the opened exhalation valve 7 (with closed inhalation valve 13) in the exhalation bag 3 and is pressed by means of the blower 4 via the air manifold 2 through the filled with KO 2 granules 21 Chemistalkanister 1.
  • carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air is converted into oxygen in an exothermic reaction with the potassium hyperoxide.
  • the oxygen-enriched air thus treated passes via the connecting pipe 9 and the particle filter 10, in which fine particles entrained in the chemical are retained, into the inhalation bag 11 and from there via the now opened inhalation valve 13 and the inhalation hose 12 to the user.
  • the respirator also has an energy source 14 and a distribution unit connected thereto 15.
  • a sensor unit 19 and an evaluation and display unit 20 are connected to the distribution unit 15.
  • the sensor unit 19, which is associated with the inhalation hose 12, has a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (not shown in each case).
  • the operating time of the above-described Oxygen Generating Respirator is four hours for the size of the two chemical canisters 1 used herein, which can deliver a total of at least 7200 liters of respirable air.
  • the time of use can be both significantly longer or significantly shorter, since it depends to a considerable extent on the particular conditions of use and the physique of the user in question, that is, the type of respiration.
  • the inhalation resistance in the inhalation tube 12 is measured in the form of the pressure curve, and at intervals of 20 seconds, the respiratory resistance is measured in the form of the maximum height of the breaths and determines their number.
  • the respective residual capacity is calculated as a percentage and thus displayed on the display of the evaluation and display unit 20.
  • the user receives at any time of its use information about the actually consumed by him under the prevailing conditions respiratory volume or about the time remaining veratembare air volume.
  • the residual capacity can also be displayed in the form of a pictorial representation of a "bottle filling" on the display.
  • the evaluation and display unit 20 When a certain residual capacity is reached or fallen below, the evaluation and display unit 20 generates a visual and / or acoustic signal with a signal generator.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
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Abstract

The residual capacity of breathable air remaining at any point for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit is determined by measurement of the number of breathing cycles and the pressure and temperature of the inspired air in sequential periods by means of a pressure and temperature sensor. The current breathed air usage is calculated for each time period and subtracted from the total air capacity. The residual capacity of breathable air at a given reading point is displayed on a display.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft für ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes, im Kreislauf betriebenes Atemschutzgerät mit mindestens einem Chemikalkanister, der an einen Ausatembeutel mit integriertem Gebläse und an einen Einatembeutel mit Einatemschlauch angeschlossen ist, sowie eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-generating, circulatory operated respirator with at least one chemical canister connected to an exhalation bag with integrated blower and an inhalation bag with inhalation hose, and an arrangement for carrying out the method.

Ein derartiges, im Kreislauf betriebenes Atemschutzgerät mit einer Verbrauchsanzeige für das im Verlauf der Einsatzzeit noch verbleibende veratembare Luftvolumen ist beispielsweise aus der DE 44 11 560 bekannt. An ein Ausatemventil schließt sich ein Ausatembeutel an, in dem ein Gebläse untergebracht ist. Die ausgeatmete Luft wird mit Hilfe des Gebläses durch zwei parallel angeordnete Chemikalkanister gedrückt. Mit Hilfe des Gebläses wird der beim Ausatmen vom Benutzer aufgrund der nachgeschalteten Chemikalkanister zu überwindende Atemwiderstand erheblich verringert. Die in den Chemikalkanistern als Granulat enthaltene Chemikalie bindet einen Teil des in der ausgeatmeten Luft enthaltenen Kohlendioxids und wandelt diesen in einer exothermen Reaktion in Sauerstoff um. Die mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft gelangt über ein Partikelfilter in den Einatembeutel und über ein Einatemventil zum Benutzer. Das als Isoliergerät betriebene, Sauerstoff erzeugende Atemschutzgerät kann - beispielsweise bei Einsätzen der Feuerwehr oder Grubenwehr - über einen deutlich längeren Zeitraum als herkömmliche Pressluftatemgeräte benutzt werden. Beispielsweise sind Einsatzzeiten von vier Stunden denkbar, basierend auf einem bestimmten - durchschnittlichen - Atemvolumen, von 301/min. Da die angegebene Einsatzzeit auf der Basis eines angenommenen Durchschnittswerts des Atemvolumens des Benutzers pro Minute (Atemminutenvolumen) sehr ungenau ist, wurde in der DE 44 11 560 bereits eine an das Gebläse gekoppelte Verbrauchsanzeige vorgeschlagen. Anhand der gemessenen Gebläseparameter wird mit Hilfe einer Auswerteeinheit der noch vorhandene Vorrat an nutzbarem Atemgas ermittelt.Such a circulatory respirator with a consumption indicator for the still remaining veratembare air volume during the period of use is for example from the DE 44 11 560 known. An exhalation valve is followed by an exhalation bag in which a blower is housed. The exhaled air is forced by means of the blower through two parallel chemical canisters. With the help of the blower, the respiratory resistance to be overcome when exhaling by the user due to the downstream chemical canisters is significantly reduced. The chemical granules contained in the chemical canisters bind some of the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air and convert it into oxygen in an exothermic reaction. The oxygen-enriched air passes through a particle filter in the inhalation bag and an inhalation valve to the user. The operated as insulating, oxygen-generating respirator can - for example, in operations of fire or mine rescue - on a much longer period than conventional SCBA are used. For example, use times of four hours are conceivable, based on a specific - average - tidal volume, of 301 / min. Since the stated usage time is very inaccurate based on an assumed average of the user's respiratory volume per minute (respiratory minute volume) DE 44 11 560 already suggested a coupled to the fan consumption meter. On the basis of the measured blower parameters, the still existing supply of usable respiratory gas is determined with the aid of an evaluation unit.

Die bei den bekannten Geräten mit Hilfe der Gebläseparameter ermittelte Verbrauchsanzeige ist jedoch ungenau, da der Verbrauch der Chemikalie bzw. der Atemgasbedarf oder das Atemvolumen pro Minute zum einen bei den verschiedenen Benutzern unterschiedlich ist und zum anderen wesentlich von der Belastung des Benutzers, das heißt den Einsatz- oder Atembedingungen, abhängt und die Temperatur das tatsächlich veratmete Volumen mit bestimmt. Die auf der Basis der Gebläseparameter ermittelte Verbrauchsanzeige muss bei der Instandsetzung nach jedem Einsatz neu kalibriert werden. Die Instandsetzung kann zudem nicht sofort, sondern nur bei einer unter 30°C liegenden Temperatur des Gebläses erfolgen.However, the consumption display determined in the known devices with the aid of the blower parameters is inaccurate, since the consumption of the chemical or the respiratory gas requirement or the respiratory volume per minute is different for the different users and for another is substantially dependent on the burden of the user, that is Conditions of use or breathing, and the temperature determines the volume actually breathed. The consumption display determined on the basis of the blower parameters must be recalibrated during the repair after each use. In addition, the repair can not be carried out immediately, but only at a temperature of the blower below 30 ° C.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft für ein im Kreislauf betriebenes, Sauerstoff erzeugendes Atemschutzgerät so auszubilden, dass während des Einsatzes unter den herrschenden Bedingungen exakte, individuelle Werte über die zum jeweiligen Zeitpunkt noch zur Verfügung stehende Atemluft angezeigt werden.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and an arrangement for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for a circulating, oxygen-generating respirator in such a way that during use under the prevailing conditions exact, individual values on the respective Time still available breathing air to be displayed.
According to the invention the object is achieved with a method according to the features of patent claim 1 and an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the features of patent claim 7. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.

Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht in der Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs und der Temperatur der Einatemluft beim Einatmen des Benutzers, wobei in gleichbleibenden, vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen jeweils die Druckhöhe und die Anzahl der Atemhübe festgestellt und daraus unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur das in dem jeweiligen Zeitintervall tatsächlich veratmete Luftvolumen errechnet und ausgehend von der ursprünglichen Kapazität nach jedem Zeitintervall von dem vorhergehenden Wert der noch verbliebenen Atemluftkapazität der Chemikalkanister des Atemschutzgerätes subtrahiert wird. Die noch vorhandene Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft wird - vorzugsweise als Prozentangabe - zu jedem Zeitpunkt des Einsatzes des Atemschutzgerätes auf der Grundlage der vom Benutzer tatsächlich verbrauchten Luft angezeigt und bietet diesem somit ein hohes Maß an Sicherheit. Die Verbrauchsanzeige ist unabhängig von gerätetechnischen Veränderungen des Atemschutzgerätes und kann ohne Kalibrierung und unabhängig von der Temperatur sofort für eine nachfolgende Anwendung vorbereitet werden und anschließend eingesetzt werden.The essence of the invention consists in determining the pressure profile and the temperature of the inhaled air when inhaling the user, wherein the pressure level and the number of breaths determined at constant, predetermined time intervals and calculated taking into account the temperature actually in the respective time interval inhaled air volume and subtracting the chemical canister of the respirator from the original capacity after each time interval from the previous value of the remaining respiratory air capacity. The remaining residual capacity of respirable air is displayed - preferably as a percentage - at any time of use of the respirator on the basis of actually consumed by the user air and thus offers this a high level of security. The consumption indicator is independent of the respiratory equipment changes and can be immediately prepared for subsequent use without calibration and independent of the temperature and then used.

Die Dauer eines Zeitintervalls beträgt vorzugsweise zwanzig Sekunden. Bei Nichtbeatmung oder extrem geringer Beatmung wird für die Berechnung ein Festwert von 201/min eingesetzt.The duration of a time interval is preferably twenty seconds. For non-ventilation or extremely low ventilation For example, a fixed value of 201 / min is used for the calculation.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens umfasst eine in den Einatemschlauch des Atemschutzgerätes eingebundene Sensoreinheit mit einem Drucksensor zur Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs und einem Temperatursensor zur Messung der durch die exotherme Reaktion in den Chemikalkanistern stark beeinflussten Temperatur der Einatemluft. Über eine Verteilereinheit ist die Sensoreinheit mit einer Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit verbunden. In der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit wird mit der festgestellten Anzahl der Atemhübe und deren jeweiliger Druckhöhe das der jeweiligen Temperatur entsprechende Atemvolumen für das jeweilige Zeitintervall ermittelt. Dieser Wert wird in der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit von der Startkapazität bzw. der nach dem vorhergehenden Zeitintervall verbliebenen Restkapazität subtrahiert. Die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit zeigt die jeweils ermittelte Restkapazität auf einem Display an.The arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises a sensor unit integrated in the inhalation hose of the respiratory protective device with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure profile and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhaled air which is strongly influenced by the exothermic reaction in the chemical canisters. Via a distributor unit, the sensor unit is connected to an evaluation and display unit. In the evaluation and display unit, the respiratory volume corresponding to the respective temperature is determined for the respective time interval with the determined number of breaths and their respective pressure levels. This value is subtracted in the evaluation and display unit of the starting capacity or remaining after the previous time interval residual capacity. The evaluation and display unit displays the respectively determined residual capacity on a display.

In die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit ist eine Totmann-Warnung und zusätzlich eine Fehleranzeige, die die Energiequelle, elektrische Anschlüsse, das Gebläse oder die Starter betrifft, und ein Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines Signals beim Erreichen bestimmter Restkapazitäten eingebaut.In the evaluation and display unit is a dead man's warning and also a fault indicator that relates to the power source, electrical connections, the fan or the starter, and a signal generator for generating a signal when certain residual capacities are installed.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung, in deren einziger Figur ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes Atemschutzgerät mit Verbrauchsanzeige für den Langzeiteinsatz schematisch dargestellt ist, näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in the sole figure of an oxygen-generating respirator with consumption display for long-term use is shown schematically.

Das Atemschutzgerät umfasst zwei in Parallelschaltung angeordnete Chemikalkanister 1, die über einen Luftverteiler 2 an einen Ausatembeutel 3 mit in diesem untergebrachten Gebläse 4 angeschlossen sind. In die Wand des Ausatembeutels 3 ist ein Überschussventil 5 integriert. An den Ausatembeutel 3 ist ein Ausatemschlauch 6 mit Ausatemventil 7 angeschlossen. Die Chemikalkanister 1 sind mit einem Kühlmantel 8 versehen und mit einem Kaliumhyperoxid-Granulat (KO2) 21 gefüllt. Ein Verbindungsrohr 9 verbindet die Ausgänge der beiden Chemikalkanister 1 über ein Partikelfilter 10 mit einem Einatembeutel 11. In den Einatembeutel 11 mündet ein Einatemschlauch 12 mit Einatemventil 13. Das Ausatemventil 7 und das Einatemventil 13 sind an eine Ventilsteuerung (nicht dargestellt) angeschlossen.The respiratory protective device comprises two parallel disposed chemical canisters 1, which are connected via an air distributor 2 to an exhalation bag 3 with housed in this blower 4. In the wall of the exhalation bag 3, an excess valve 5 is integrated. To the exhalation bag 3 an exhalation hose 6 is connected with exhalation valve 7. The chemical canisters 1 are provided with a cooling jacket 8 and filled with a potassium peroxide granules (KO 2 ) 21. A connecting tube 9 connects the exits of the two chemical canisters 1 via a particle filter 10 with an inhalation bag 11. In the inhalation bag 11 opens a inhalation tube 12 with inhalation valve 13. The exhalation valve 7 and the inhalation valve 13 are connected to a valve control (not shown).

Die mit Kohlendioxid angereicherte Ausatemluft strömt über das geöffnete Ausatemventil 7 (bei geschlossenem Einatemventil 13) in den Ausatembeutel 3 und wird mit Hilfe des Gebläses 4 über den Luftverteiler 2 durch die mit KO2-Granulat 21 gefüllten Chemikalkanister 1 gedrückt. Dabei wird in der Ausatemluft enthaltenes Kohlendioxid in einer exothermen Reaktion mit dem Kaliumhyperoxid in Sauerstoff umgewandelt. Die so aufbereitete, mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft gelangt über das Verbindungsrohr 9 und das Partikelfilter 10, in dem aus der Chemikalie mitgerissene feine Partikel zurückgehalten werden, in den Einatembeutel 11 und von dort über das jetzt geöffnete Einatemventil 13 und den Einatemschlauch 12 zum Benutzer.The enriched with carbon dioxide expiratory air flows through the opened exhalation valve 7 (with closed inhalation valve 13) in the exhalation bag 3 and is pressed by means of the blower 4 via the air manifold 2 through the filled with KO 2 granules 21 Chemistalkanister 1. In this case, carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air is converted into oxygen in an exothermic reaction with the potassium hyperoxide. The oxygen-enriched air thus treated passes via the connecting pipe 9 and the particle filter 10, in which fine particles entrained in the chemical are retained, into the inhalation bag 11 and from there via the now opened inhalation valve 13 and the inhalation hose 12 to the user.

Das Atemschutzgerät verfügt weiterhin über eine Energiequelle 14 und eine mit dieser verbundene Verteilereinheit 15. Neben einer Startautomatik 16 mit Quickstartern 17 sowie dem Gebläse 4 und einer Ladebuchse 18 sind an die Verteilereinheit 15 auch eine Sensoreinheit 19 und eine Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 angeschlossen. Die Sensoreinheit 19, die dem Einatemschlauch 12 zugeordnet ist, weist einen Drucksensor und einen Temperatursensor (jeweils nicht dargestellt) auf.The respirator also has an energy source 14 and a distribution unit connected thereto 15. In addition to an automatic start 16 with Quickstartern 17 and the blower 4 and a charging socket 18, a sensor unit 19 and an evaluation and display unit 20 are connected to the distribution unit 15. The sensor unit 19, which is associated with the inhalation hose 12, has a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (not shown in each case).

Unter Zugrundelegung eines angenommenen Atemminutenvolumens von 301/min beträgt die Betriebszeit des oben beschriebenen Sauerstoff erzeugenden Atemschutzgerätes bei der Größe der beiden hier verwendeten Chemikalkanister 1, die insgesamt mindestens 7200 Liter veratembare Luft liefern können, vier Stunden. Tatsächlich kann die Einsatzzeit sowohl deutlich länger oder auch deutlich kürzer sein, da sie in erheblichem Maße von den jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen und der Physis des betreffenden Benutzers, das heißt der Art der Atmung, abhängt. Mit dem Drucksensor wird im Einatemschlauch 12 der Einatemwiderstand in Form des Druckverlauf gemessen, und in Intervallen von jeweils 20 Sekunden wird der Atemwiderstand in Form der maximalen Höhe der Atemhübe gemessen und deren Anzahl bestimmt. Da sich aufgrund der in den Chemikalkanistern 1 ablaufenden exothermen Reaktion die Temperatur des Einatemgases ändert und nach der Beziehung p.V/T = const. das Volumen auch von der Temperatur abhängt, wird mit dem in der Sensoreinheit 19 vorgesehenen Temperatursensor ständig auch die Temperatur des Einatemgases gemessen. Die von der Sensoreinheit 19 jeweils in einem 20-Sekunden-Intervall ermittelten Daten - Höhe des Druckes, Anzahl der Atemhübe und Temperatur - werden über die Verteilereinheit 15 zu einer Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit gesendet, in der mit diesen Daten das vom Benutzer in dem Zeitintervall eingeatmete - verbrauchte - Einatemgas errechnet wird und dieses Einatemvolumen pro Zeiteinheit - ausgehend von der ursprünglichen Kapazität von 7200 Litern - immer wieder von der in den Chemikalkanistern 1 noch verbliebenen Atemluftkapazität abgezogen wird. Die jeweilige Restkapazität wird als prozentuale Angabe errechnet und so auf dem Display der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 wiedergegeben. Der Benutzer erhält so zu jedem Zeitpunkt seines Einsatzes eine Information über das tatsächlich von ihm unter den herrschenden Bedingungen verbrauchte Atemvolumen bzw. über das zum jeweiligen Zeitpunkt noch verbleibende veratembare Luftvolumen. Die Restkapazität kann auch in Form einer bildlichen Darstellung einer "Flaschenfüllung" auf dem Display dargestellt werden. Wenn eine bestimmte Restkapazität erreicht bzw. unterschritten wird, erzeugt die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 mit einem Signalgeber ein optisches und/oder akustisches Signal.Assuming an assumed minute ventilation of 301 / min, the operating time of the above-described Oxygen Generating Respirator is four hours for the size of the two chemical canisters 1 used herein, which can deliver a total of at least 7200 liters of respirable air. In fact, the time of use can be both significantly longer or significantly shorter, since it depends to a considerable extent on the particular conditions of use and the physique of the user in question, that is, the type of respiration. With the pressure sensor, the inhalation resistance in the inhalation tube 12 is measured in the form of the pressure curve, and at intervals of 20 seconds, the respiratory resistance is measured in the form of the maximum height of the breaths and determines their number. Since, due to the exothermic reaction taking place in the chemical canisters 1, the temperature of the inhaled gas changes and, according to the relationship pV / T = const. the volume also depends on the temperature, the temperature of the inhaled gas is constantly measured with the temperature sensor provided in the sensor unit 19. The data determined by the sensor unit 19 in each case in a 20-second interval-height of the pressure, number of breaths and temperature-are sent via the distributor unit 15 to an evaluation and display unit in which the data from the user in the Time interval is inhaled - spent - inhaled gas is calculated and this inhalation volume per unit of time - starting from the original capacity of 7200 liters - repeatedly withdrawn from the still remaining in the chemical canisters 1 breathing air capacity. The respective residual capacity is calculated as a percentage and thus displayed on the display of the evaluation and display unit 20. The user receives at any time of its use information about the actually consumed by him under the prevailing conditions respiratory volume or about the time remaining veratembare air volume. The residual capacity can also be displayed in the form of a pictorial representation of a "bottle filling" on the display. When a certain residual capacity is reached or fallen below, the evaluation and display unit 20 generates a visual and / or acoustic signal with a signal generator.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
ChemikalkanisterChemikalkanister
22
Luftverteilerair distributor
33
Ausatembeutelexhalation
44
Gebläsefan
55
ÜberschussventilExcess valve
66
Ausatemschlauchexhalation
77
Ausatemventilexhalation valve
88th
Kühlmantelcooling jacket
99
Verbindungsrohrconnecting pipe
1010
Partikelfilterparticulate Filter
1111
Einatembeutelinhalation bag
1212
Einatemschlauchinhalation hose
1313
Einatemventilinhalation valve
1414
Energiequelleenergy
1515
Verteilereinheitdistribution unit
1616
Startautomatiklaunch control
1717
QuickstarterQuick starter
1818
Ladebuchsecharging socket
1919
Sensoreinheitsensor unit
2020
Auswerte- und AnzeigeeinheitEvaluation and display unit
2121
Kaliumhyperoxid (KO2)-Granulat, ChemikaliePotassium hydrogen peroxide (KO 2 ) granules, chemical

Claims (12)

  1. A method for the determination of the residual capacity of breathable air in an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit, with at least one chemical canister which is connected to an exhalation bag with an integrated blower and to an inhalation bag with an inhalation tube, characterised in that the pressure characteristic and the temperature of the inhalation air during inhalation by the user as well as the pressure and the number of respiratory cycles are individually ascertained in preset time intervals during the deployment and the breathable air volume in the given time interval is calculated therefrom taking account of the temperature of the inhalation air and successively subtracted from the initial respiratory volume of the chemical canisters.
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the residual capacity is calculated and displayed as a percentage.
  3. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the residual capacity is represented pictorially in the form of the degree of filling of a bottle.
  4. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that a warning signal is generated when a specific residual capacity is reached.
  5. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the duration of a time interval amounts to 20 seconds.
  6. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the case of extremely low respiration or non-respiration, a respiratory volume of 201/min is fixed in order to determine the residual capacity.
  7. An arrangement for performing the method according to claim 1, for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit, with at least one chemical canister which is connected to an exhalation bag with a blower integrated therein and to an inhalation bag with an inhalation tube, characterised by a sensor unit (19) assigned to the inhalation tube (12), with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure characteristic during inhalation and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhalation air, as well as an evaluation and display unit (20) connected via a distributor unit (15) to the sensor unit (19), said evaluation and display unit being used to ascertain the number of respiratory cycles in preset time intervals, the maximum pressures of the respiratory cycles and the temperature of the inhalation air, as well as to calculate the air volume inhaled by the given user in the unit of time and the residual capacity of breathable air volume still available at the given point in time.
  8. The arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has a display for the percentage or pictorial indication of the residual capacity of breathable air volume.
  9. The arrangement according to claim 8, characterised in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has a signal transmitter for the optical and/or acoustic signalling of specific residual capacities.
  10. The arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that an energy source (12) and a charging socket (18), as well as an automatic starting mechanism (16), quick starters (17) and the blower (4) are connected to the distributor unit (15).
  11. The arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that a dead-man warning is integrated into the evaluation and display unit (20).
  12. The arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has a fault display in respect of the capacity of the energy source (14), absent or defective connections and absent or spent quick starters (17).
EP06722697A 2005-03-25 2006-03-23 Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit Active EP1861173B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005015275A DE102005015275B3 (en) 2005-03-25 2005-03-25 Method and apparatus for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-producing, circulatory respirator
PCT/DE2006/000545 WO2006099863A1 (en) 2005-03-25 2006-03-23 Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1861173A1 EP1861173A1 (en) 2007-12-05
EP1861173B1 true EP1861173B1 (en) 2008-08-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06722697A Active EP1861173B1 (en) 2005-03-25 2006-03-23 Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP1861173B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101180100B (en)
AT (1) ATE404253T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006226722B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102005015275B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2313628T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006099863A1 (en)

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CN102114287B (en) * 2009-12-31 2012-10-03 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 Respirator and oxygen concentration detection device and method
WO2012118043A1 (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 興研株式会社 Air cleaner and method for predicting breakthrough time for same
GB2494163A (en) 2011-09-01 2013-03-06 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Closed circuit breathing apparatus and method of operating the same
DE102012002546B4 (en) 2012-02-09 2016-11-24 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA ventilation system
US9504797B2 (en) * 2013-12-31 2016-11-29 General Electric Company System and method of predicting CO2 breakthrough and absorbent replacement
DE102014017634B4 (en) * 2014-11-27 2018-02-08 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Kreislaufatemgerät with a measuring device for the determination of gas quantities in the Kreislaufatemgerät
CN106913965A (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-07-04 金万善 A kind of respirator
CN110465013B (en) * 2019-08-15 2020-12-29 深圳市荣盛智能装备有限公司 Method and device for detecting residual service time of air respirator and storage medium
CN113616948A (en) * 2020-05-09 2021-11-09 北京安氧特科技有限公司 Positive pressure spring and fan double-pressurization long-acting positive pressure chemical oxygen operation respirator

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US1474205A (en) * 1921-10-11 1923-11-13 Mine Safety Appliances Co Gas mask
DE2603530A1 (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-08-04 Auergesellschaft Gmbh RESPIRATORY DEVICE
US4350662A (en) * 1981-01-22 1982-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Carbon dioxide absorbent canister with breathing gas temperature and flow control
US4876903A (en) * 1988-01-11 1989-10-31 Budinger William D Method and apparatus for determination and display of critical gas supply information
US5157378A (en) * 1991-08-06 1992-10-20 North-South Corporation Integrated firefighter safety monitoring and alarm system
DE4411560C1 (en) * 1994-04-02 1995-08-03 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Chemical oxygen@ supply equipment
US6543444B1 (en) * 2000-04-10 2003-04-08 John E. Lewis System and method for air time remaining calculations in a self-contained breathing apparatus
GB2384713B (en) * 2000-10-31 2004-10-27 Deas Alexander Roger Integral life support system
CN2553816Y (en) * 2002-07-04 2003-06-04 中国人民解放军第一五三中心医院 Medical oxygen therapy monitor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2006226722A1 (en) 2006-09-28
DE502006001335D1 (en) 2008-09-25
WO2006099863A1 (en) 2006-09-28
ATE404253T1 (en) 2008-08-15
EP1861173A1 (en) 2007-12-05
AU2006226722B2 (en) 2010-10-28
CN101180100A (en) 2008-05-14
ES2313628T3 (en) 2009-03-01
DE102005015275B3 (en) 2006-09-28
CN101180100B (en) 2011-05-25

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