EP1861173A1 - Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit

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Publication number
EP1861173A1
EP1861173A1 EP06722697A EP06722697A EP1861173A1 EP 1861173 A1 EP1861173 A1 EP 1861173A1 EP 06722697 A EP06722697 A EP 06722697A EP 06722697 A EP06722697 A EP 06722697A EP 1861173 A1 EP1861173 A1 EP 1861173A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
residual capacity
inhalation
evaluation
temperature
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Granted
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EP06722697A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1861173B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Krüger
Karl-Heinz Feldner
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MSA Auer GmbH
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MSA Auer GmbH
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Publication of EP1861173A1 publication Critical patent/EP1861173A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-generating, circulatory operated respirator with at least one chemical canister connected to an exhalation bag with integrated blower and an inhalation bag with inhalation hose, and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • Such a circulatory operated breathing apparatus with a consumption indicator for the still remaining veratembare air volume during the period of use is known for example from DE 44 11 560.
  • An exhalation valve is followed by an exhalation bag in which a blower is housed.
  • the exhaled air is forced by means of the blower through two parallel chemical canisters.
  • the chemical granules contained in the chemical canisters bind some of the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air and convert it into oxygen in an exothermic reaction.
  • the oxygen-enriched air passes through a particle filter into the inhalation bag and via an inhalation valve to the user.
  • the operated as insulating, oxygen-generating respirator can - for example, in operations of fire or mine rescue - on a much longer period than conventional SCBA are used. For example, use times of four hours are conceivable, based on a certain - average - tidal volume, of 3Ol / min. Since the stated time of use is very inaccurate on the basis of an assumed average value of the user's respiratory volume per minute (respiratory minute volume), DE 44 11 560 has already proposed a consumption display coupled to the fan. On the basis of the measured blower parameters, the still existing supply of usable respiratory gas is determined with the aid of an evaluation unit.
  • the consumption display determined in the known devices with the aid of the blower parameters is inaccurate, since the consumption of the chemical or the respiratory gas requirement or the respiratory volume per minute differs, on the one hand, from the different users and, on the other hand, significantly from the burden on the user means the conditions of use or respiration, and the temperature determines the volume actually breathed.
  • the consumption display determined on the basis of the blower parameters must be recalibrated during the repair after each use. The repair can not be done immediately, but only at a temperature below 30 0 C of the blower.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a method and an arrangement for determining the remaining capacity act on respirable air for a circulating, oxygen-generating respirator so that during use under the prevailing conditions exact, individual values on the ever - At the same time still available breathing air will be displayed.
  • the essence of the invention consists in determining the pressure profile and the temperature of the inhaled air during
  • Respiratory protective device and can be immediately prepared for subsequent use without calibration and regardless of the temperature and then used.
  • the duration of a time interval is preferably twenty seconds. If not ventilated or extremely light respiration, a fixed value of 201 / min is used for the calculation.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises a sensor unit integrated in the inhalation hose of the respiratory protective device with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure profile and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhaled air which is strongly influenced by the exothermic reaction in the chemical canisters.
  • the sensor unit Via a distributor unit, the sensor unit is connected to an evaluation and display unit. In the evaluation and display unit is determined with the determined number of breaths and their respective pressure level of the respective temperature A- temvolumen for the respective time interval.
  • This value is subtracted in the evaluation and display unit of the starting capacity or remaining after the previous time interval residual capacity.
  • the evaluation and display unit displays the respectively determined residual capacity on a display.
  • the evaluation and display unit is a dead man's warning and also a fault indicator, which relates to the power source, electrical connections, the blower or the starter, and a signal generator for generating a signal when certain residual capacities are installed.
  • the respiratory protective device comprises two parallel disposed chemical canisters 1, which are connected via an air distributor 2 to an exhalation bag 3 with housed in this blower 4. In the wall of the exhalation bag 3, an excess valve 5 is integrated.
  • exhalation hose 6 is connected with exhalation valve 7.
  • the chemical canisters 1 are provided with a cooling jacket 8 and filled with a potassium peroxide granules (KO 2 ) 21.
  • a connecting tube 9 connects the exits of the two chemical canisters 1 via a particle filter 10 with an inhalation bag 11.
  • In the inhalation bag 11 opens a inhalation tube 12 with inhalation valve 13.
  • the exhalation valve 7 and the inhalation valve 13 are connected to a valve control (not shown).
  • the carbon dioxide-enriched exhaled air flows via the opened exhalation valve 7 (with the inhalation valve 13 closed) into the exhalation bag 3 and is pressed by means of the blower 4 via the air distributor 2 through the chemical cans 1 filled with KO 2 granules 21.
  • carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air is converted into oxygen in an exothermic reaction with the potassium hyperoxide.
  • the treated, enriched with oxygen air passes through the
  • the respirator also has an energy source 14 and a distribution unit connected thereto 15.
  • a sensor unit 19 and an evaluation and display unit 20 are connected to the distribution unit 15.
  • the sensor unit 19, which is associated with the inhalation hose 12, has a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (not shown in each case).
  • the operating time of the oxygen-generating respirator described above is four hours for the size of the two chemical canisters 1 used here, which can deliver a total of at least 7200 liters of respirable air.
  • the time of use can be significantly longer or significantly shorter, since it depends to a considerable extent on the particular conditions of use and the physique of the user in question, ie the type of respiration.
  • inhalation resistance in the inhalation tube 12 is measured in the form of the pressure curve, and at intervals of 20 seconds in each case, the breathing resistance is measured in the form of the maximum height of the breaths and their number determined.
  • the respective residual capacity is calculated as a percentage and thus displayed on the display of the evaluation and display unit 20.
  • the user thus receives information about the tidal volume actually consumed by him under the prevailing conditions or about the remaining respirable air volume at the time of use.
  • the residual capacity can also be represented on the display in the form of a pictorial representation of a "bottle filling.” If a certain residual capacity is reached or undershot, the evaluation and display unit 20 generates a visual and / or acoustic signal with a signal generator.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The residual capacity of breathable air remaining at any point for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit is determined by measurement of the number of breathing cycles and the pressure and temperature of the inspired air in sequential periods by means of a pressure and temperature sensor. The current breathed air usage is calculated for each time period and subtracted from the total air capacity. The residual capacity of breathable air at a given reading point is displayed on a display.

Description

Verfahren und Anordnung zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft für ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes, im Method and arrangement for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-generating, in
Kreislauf betriebenes AtemschutzgerätCirculatory respirator
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft für ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes, im Kreislauf betriebenes Atemschutzgerät mit mindestens einem Chemikalkanister, der an einen Ausatembeutel mit integriertem Gebläse und an einen Einatembeutel mit Einatemschlauch angeschlossen ist, sowie eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens .The invention relates to a method for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-generating, circulatory operated respirator with at least one chemical canister connected to an exhalation bag with integrated blower and an inhalation bag with inhalation hose, and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
Ein derartiges, im Kreislauf betriebenes Atemschutzgerät mit einer Verbrauchsanzeige für das im Verlauf der Einsatzzeit noch verbleibende veratembare Luftvolumen ist beispielsweise aus der DE 44 11 560 bekannt. An ein Ausatemventil schließt sich ein Ausatembeutel an, in dem ein Gebläse untergebracht ist. Die ausgeatmete Luft wird mit Hilfe des Gebläses durch zwei parallel angeordnete Chemi- kalkanister gedrückt. Mit Hilfe des Gebläses wird der beim Ausatmen vom Benutzer aufgrund der nachgeschalteten Chemikalkanister zu überwindende Atemwiderstand erheblich verringert. Die in den Chemikalkanistern als Granulat enthaltene Chemikalie bindet einen Teil des in der ausgeatmeten Luft enthaltenen Kohlendioxids und wandelt diesen in einer exothermen Reaktion in Sauerstoff um. Die mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft gelangt über ein Parti- kelfilter in den Einatembeutel und über ein Einatemventil zum Benutzer. Das als Isoliergerät betriebene, Sauerstoff erzeugende Atemschutzgerät kann - beispielsweise bei Einsätzen der Feuerwehr oder Grubenwehr - über einen deutlich längeren Zeitraum als herkömmliche Pressluftatemgeräte benutzt werden. Beispielsweise sind Einsatzzeiten von vier Stunden denkbar, basierend auf einem bestimmten - durchschnittlichen - Atemvolumen, von 3Ol/min. Da die angegebene Einsatzzeit auf der Basis eines angenommenen Durchschnittswerts des Atemvolumens des Benutzers pro Minute (Atemminutenvolumen) sehr ungenau ist, wurde in der DE 44 11 560 bereits eine an das Gebläse gekoppelte Verbrauchsanzeige vorgeschlagen. Anhand der ge- messenen Gebläseparameter wird mit Hilfe einer Auswerteeinheit der noch vorhandene Vorrat an nutzbarem Atemgas ermittelt.Such a circulatory operated breathing apparatus with a consumption indicator for the still remaining veratembare air volume during the period of use is known for example from DE 44 11 560. An exhalation valve is followed by an exhalation bag in which a blower is housed. The exhaled air is forced by means of the blower through two parallel chemical canisters. With the help of the blower, the respiratory resistance to be overcome when exhaling by the user due to the downstream chemical canisters is significantly reduced. The chemical granules contained in the chemical canisters bind some of the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air and convert it into oxygen in an exothermic reaction. The oxygen-enriched air passes through a particle filter into the inhalation bag and via an inhalation valve to the user. The operated as insulating, oxygen-generating respirator can - for example, in operations of fire or mine rescue - on a much longer period than conventional SCBA are used. For example, use times of four hours are conceivable, based on a certain - average - tidal volume, of 3Ol / min. Since the stated time of use is very inaccurate on the basis of an assumed average value of the user's respiratory volume per minute (respiratory minute volume), DE 44 11 560 has already proposed a consumption display coupled to the fan. On the basis of the measured blower parameters, the still existing supply of usable respiratory gas is determined with the aid of an evaluation unit.
Die bei den bekannten Geräten mit Hilfe der Gebläsepara- meter ermittelte Verbrauchsanzeige ist jedoch ungenau, da der Verbrauch der Chemikalie bzw. der Atemgasbedarf oder das Atemvolumen pro Minute zum einen bei den verschiedenen Benutzern unterschiedlich ist und zum anderen wesentlich von der Belastung des Benutzers, das heißt den Ein- satz- oder Atembedingungen, abhängt und die Temperatur das tatsächlich veratmete Volumen mit bestimmt. Die auf der Basis der Gebläseparameter ermittelte Verbrauchsanzeige muss bei der Instandsetzung nach jedem Einsatz neu kalibriert werden. Die Instandsetzung kann zudem nicht sofort, sondern nur bei einer unter 300C liegenden Temperatur des Gebläses erfolgen.However, the consumption display determined in the known devices with the aid of the blower parameters is inaccurate, since the consumption of the chemical or the respiratory gas requirement or the respiratory volume per minute differs, on the one hand, from the different users and, on the other hand, significantly from the burden on the user means the conditions of use or respiration, and the temperature determines the volume actually breathed. The consumption display determined on the basis of the blower parameters must be recalibrated during the repair after each use. The repair can not be done immediately, but only at a temperature below 30 0 C of the blower.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zur Ermittlung der Restkapazi- tat an veratembarer Luft für ein im Kreislauf betriebenes, Sauerstoff erzeugendes Atemschutzgerät so auszubilden, dass während des Einsatzes unter den herrschenden Bedingungen exakte, individuelle Werte über die zum je- weiligen Zeitpunkt noch zur Verfügung stehende Atemluft angezeigt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and an arrangement for determining the remaining capacity act on respirable air for a circulating, oxygen-generating respirator so that during use under the prevailing conditions exact, individual values on the ever - At the same time still available breathing air will be displayed.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Anord- nung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.According to the invention the object is achieved by a method according to the features of patent claim 1 and an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the features of patent claim 7. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.
Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht in der Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs und der Temperatur der Einatemluft beimThe essence of the invention consists in determining the pressure profile and the temperature of the inhaled air during
Einatmen des Benutzers, wobei in gleichbleibenden, vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen jeweils die Druckhöhe und die Anzahl der Atemhübe festgestellt und daraus unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur das in dem jeweiligen Zeitin- tervall tatsächlich veratmete Luftvolumen errechnet und ausgehend von der ursprünglichen Kapazität nach jedem Zeitintervall von dem vorhergehenden Wert der noch verbliebenen Atemluftkapazität der Chemikalkanister des A- temschutzgerätes subtrahiert wird. Die noch vorhandene Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft wird - vorzugsweise als Prozentangabe - zu jedem Zeitpunkt des Einsatzes des Atemschutzgerätes auf der Grundlage der vom Benutzer tatsächlich verbrauchten Luft angezeigt und bietet diesem somit ein hohes Maß an Sicherheit. Die Verbrauchsanzeige ist unabhängig von gerätetechnischen Veränderungen desInhalation of the user, wherein the pressure level and the number of breaths determined at constant, predetermined time intervals and calculated from the actual capacity after each time interval of the previous value of the original capacity after each time interval actually respired air volume taking into account the temperature remaining respiratory air capacity is subtracted from the chemical canisters of the respiratory protection device. The remaining residual capacity of respirable air is displayed - preferably as a percentage - at any time of use of the respirator on the basis of actually consumed by the user air and thus offers this a high level of security. The consumption display is independent of technical changes of the
Atemschutzgerätes und kann ohne Kalibrierung und unabhängig von der Temperatur sofort für eine nachfolgende Anwendung vorbereitet werden und anschließend eingesetzt werden .Respiratory protective device and can be immediately prepared for subsequent use without calibration and regardless of the temperature and then used.
Die Dauer eines Zeitintervalls beträgt vorzugsweise zwanzig Sekunden. Bei Nichtbeatmung oder extrem geringer Be- atmung wird für die Berechnung ein Festwert von 201/min eingesetzt .The duration of a time interval is preferably twenty seconds. If not ventilated or extremely light respiration, a fixed value of 201 / min is used for the calculation.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Durchführung des Ver- fahrens umfasst eine in den Einatemschlauch des Atemschutzgerätes eingebundene Sensoreinheit mit einem Drucksensor zur Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs und einem Temperatursensor zur Messung der durch die exotherme Reaktion in den Chemikalkanistern stark beeinflussten Temperatur der Einatemluft. Über eine Verteilereinheit ist die Sensoreinheit mit einer Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit verbunden. In der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit wird mit der festgestellten Anzahl der Atemhübe und deren jeweiliger Druckhöhe das der jeweiligen Temperatur entsprechende A- temvolumen für das jeweilige Zeitintervall ermittelt.The arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises a sensor unit integrated in the inhalation hose of the respiratory protective device with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure profile and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhaled air which is strongly influenced by the exothermic reaction in the chemical canisters. Via a distributor unit, the sensor unit is connected to an evaluation and display unit. In the evaluation and display unit is determined with the determined number of breaths and their respective pressure level of the respective temperature A- temvolumen for the respective time interval.
Dieser Wert wird in der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit von der Startkapazität bzw. der nach dem vorhergehenden Zeitintervall verbliebenen Restkapazität subtrahiert. Die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit zeigt die jeweils ermittelte Restkapazität auf einem Display an.This value is subtracted in the evaluation and display unit of the starting capacity or remaining after the previous time interval residual capacity. The evaluation and display unit displays the respectively determined residual capacity on a display.
In die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit ist eine Totmann- Warnung und zusätzlich eine Fehleranzeige, die die Energiequelle, elektrische Anschlüsse, das Gebläse oder die Starter betrifft, und ein Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines Signals beim Erreichen bestimmter Restkapazitäten eingebaut.In the evaluation and display unit is a dead man's warning and also a fault indicator, which relates to the power source, electrical connections, the blower or the starter, and a signal generator for generating a signal when certain residual capacities are installed.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung, in deren einziger Figur ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes Atemschutzgerät mit Verbrauchsanzeige für den Langzeiteinsatz schematisch dargestellt ist, näher erläutert. Das Atemschutzgerät umfasst zwei in Parallelschaltung angeordnete Chemikalkanister 1, die über einen Luftverteiler 2 an einen Ausatembeutel 3 mit in diesem untergebrachten Gebläse 4 angeschlossen sind. In die Wand des Ausatembeutels 3 ist ein Überschussventil 5 integriert.An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in whose sole figure an oxygen-generating respirator with consumption display for long-term use is shown schematically. The respiratory protective device comprises two parallel disposed chemical canisters 1, which are connected via an air distributor 2 to an exhalation bag 3 with housed in this blower 4. In the wall of the exhalation bag 3, an excess valve 5 is integrated.
An den Ausatembeutel 3 ist ein Ausatemschlauch 6 mit Ausatemventil 7 angeschlossen. Die Chemikalkanister 1 sind mit einem Kühlmantel 8 versehen und mit einem Kaliumhyperoxid-Granulat (KO2) 21 gefüllt. Ein Verbindungsrohr 9 verbindet die Ausgänge der beiden Chemikalkanister 1 über ein Partikelfilter 10 mit einem Einatembeutel 11. In den Einatembeutel 11 mündet ein Einatemschlauch 12 mit Einatemventil 13. Das Ausatemventil 7 und das Einatemventil 13 sind an eine Ventilsteuerung (nicht dargestellt) ange- schlössen.To the exhalation bag 3 an exhalation hose 6 is connected with exhalation valve 7. The chemical canisters 1 are provided with a cooling jacket 8 and filled with a potassium peroxide granules (KO 2 ) 21. A connecting tube 9 connects the exits of the two chemical canisters 1 via a particle filter 10 with an inhalation bag 11. In the inhalation bag 11 opens a inhalation tube 12 with inhalation valve 13. The exhalation valve 7 and the inhalation valve 13 are connected to a valve control (not shown).
Die mit Kohlendioxid angereicherte Ausatemluft strömt ü- ber das geöffnete Ausatemventil 7 (bei geschlossenem Einatemventil 13) in den Ausatembeutel 3 und wird mit Hilfe des Gebläses 4 über den Luftverteiler 2 durch die mit Kθ2-Granulat 21 gefüllten Chemikalkanister 1 gedrückt. Dabei wird in der Ausatemluft enthaltenes Kohlendioxid in einer exothermen Reaktion mit dem Kaliumhyperoxid in Sauerstoff umgewandelt. Die so aufbereitete, mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft gelangt über dasThe carbon dioxide-enriched exhaled air flows via the opened exhalation valve 7 (with the inhalation valve 13 closed) into the exhalation bag 3 and is pressed by means of the blower 4 via the air distributor 2 through the chemical cans 1 filled with KO 2 granules 21. In this case, carbon dioxide contained in the exhaled air is converted into oxygen in an exothermic reaction with the potassium hyperoxide. The treated, enriched with oxygen air passes through the
Verbindungsrohr 9 und das Partikelfilter 10, in dem aus der Chemikalie mitgerissene feine Partikel zurückgehalten werden, in den Einatembeutel 11 und von dort über das jetzt geöffnete Einatemventil 13 und den Einatemschlauch 12 zum Benutzer.Connecting pipe 9 and the particle filter 10, are retained in the entrained from the chemical fine particles in the inhalation bag 11 and from there via the now open inhalation valve 13 and the inhalation tube 12 to the user.
Das Atemschutzgerät verfügt weiterhin über eine Energiequelle 14 und eine mit dieser verbundene Verteilereinheit 15. Neben einer Startautomatik 16 mit Quickstartern 17 sowie dem Gebläse 4 und einer Ladebuchse 18 sind an die Verteilereinheit 15 auch eine Sensoreinheit 19 und eine Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 angeschlossen. Die Sen- soreinheit 19, die dem Einatemschlauch 12 zugeordnet ist, weist einen Drucksensor und einen Temperatursensor (jeweils nicht dargestellt) auf.The respirator also has an energy source 14 and a distribution unit connected thereto 15. In addition to an automatic start 16 with Quickstartern 17 and the blower 4 and a charging socket 18, a sensor unit 19 and an evaluation and display unit 20 are connected to the distribution unit 15. The sensor unit 19, which is associated with the inhalation hose 12, has a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (not shown in each case).
Unter Zugrundelegung eines angenommenen Atemminutenvolu- mens von 301/min beträgt die Betriebszeit des oben beschriebenen Sauerstoff erzeugenden Atemschutzgerätes bei der Größe der beiden hier verwendeten Chemikalkanister 1, die insgesamt mindestens 7200 Liter veratembare Luft liefern können, vier Stunden. Tatsächlich kann die Einsatz- zeit sowohl deutlich länger oder auch deutlich kürzer sein, da sie in erheblichem Maße von den jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen und der Physis des betreffenden Benutzers, das heißt der Art der Atmung, abhängt. Mit dem Drucksensor wird im Einatemschlauch 12 der Einatemwider- stand in Form des Druckverlauf gemessen, und in Intervallen von jeweils 20 Sekunden wird der Atemwiderstand in Form der maximalen Höhe der Atemhübe gemessen und deren Anzahl bestimmt. Da sich aufgrund der in den Chemikalka- nistern 1 ablaufenden exothermen Reaktion die Temperatur des Einatemgases ändert und nach der Beziehung p.V/T = const. das Volumen auch von der Temperatur abhängt, wird mit dem in der Sensoreinheit 19 vorgesehenen Temperatursensor ständig auch die Temperatur des Einatemgases gemessen. Die von der Sensoreinheit 19 jeweils in einem 20- Sekunden-Intervall ermittelten Daten - Höhe des Druckes, Anzahl der Atemhübe und Temperatur - werden über die Verteilereinheit 15 zu einer Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit gesendet, in der mit diesen Daten das vom Benutzer in dem Zeitintervall eingeatmete - verbrauchte - Einatemgas errechnet wird und dieses Einatemvolumen pro Zeiteinheit - ausgehend von der ursprünglichen Kapazität von 7200 Litern - immer wieder von der in den Chemikalkanistern 1 noch verbliebenen Atemluftkapazität abgezogen wird. Die jeweilige Restkapazität wird als prozentuale Angabe errechnet und so auf dem Display der Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 wiedergegeben. Der Benutzer erhält so zu jedem Zeitpunkt seines Einsatzes eine Information über das tat- sächlich von ihm unter den herrschenden Bedingungen verbrauchte Atemvolumen bzw. über das zum jeweiligen Zeitpunkt noch verbleibende veratembare Luftvolumen. Die Restkapazität kann auch in Form einer bildlichen Darstellung einer „Flaschenfüllung" auf dem Display dargestellt werden. Wenn eine bestimmte Restkapazität erreicht bzw. unterschritten wird, erzeugt die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit 20 mit einem Signalgeber ein optisches und/oder akustisches Signal. Based on an assumed minute ventilation rate of 301 rpm, the operating time of the oxygen-generating respirator described above is four hours for the size of the two chemical canisters 1 used here, which can deliver a total of at least 7200 liters of respirable air. In fact, the time of use can be significantly longer or significantly shorter, since it depends to a considerable extent on the particular conditions of use and the physique of the user in question, ie the type of respiration. With the pressure sensor, inhalation resistance in the inhalation tube 12 is measured in the form of the pressure curve, and at intervals of 20 seconds in each case, the breathing resistance is measured in the form of the maximum height of the breaths and their number determined. Since the temperature of the inhaled gas changes due to the exothermic reaction taking place in the chemical catalysts 1 and according to the relationship pV / T = const. the volume also depends on the temperature, the temperature of the inhaled gas is constantly measured with the temperature sensor provided in the sensor unit 19. The data determined by the sensor unit 19 in each case in a 20-second interval-height of the pressure, number of breaths and temperature-are sent via the distributor unit 15 to an evaluation and display unit in which the data from the user in the Time interval is inhaled - spent - inhaled gas is calculated and this inhalation volume per unit of time - starting from the original capacity of 7200 liters - repeatedly withdrawn from the still remaining in the chemical canisters 1 breathing air capacity. The respective residual capacity is calculated as a percentage and thus displayed on the display of the evaluation and display unit 20. The user thus receives information about the tidal volume actually consumed by him under the prevailing conditions or about the remaining respirable air volume at the time of use. The residual capacity can also be represented on the display in the form of a pictorial representation of a "bottle filling." If a certain residual capacity is reached or undershot, the evaluation and display unit 20 generates a visual and / or acoustic signal with a signal generator.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Chemikalkanister1 chemical canister
2 Luftverteiler 3 Ausateiribeutel2 air distributor 3 Ausateiribeutel
4 Gebläse4 fans
5 Überschussventil5 surplus valve
6 Ausatemschlauch6 exhalation hose
7 Ausatemventil 8 Kühlmantel7 exhalation valve 8 cooling jacket
9 Verbindungsrohr9 connecting pipe
10 Partikelfilter10 particle filters
11 Einatembeutel11 inhalation bags
12 Einatemschlauch 13 Einatemventil12 inhalation hose 13 inhalation valve
14 Energiequelle14 energy source
15 Verteilereinheit15 distributor unit
16 Startautomatik16 automatic start
17 Quickstarter 18 Ladebuchse17 Quickstarter 18 Charging socket
19 Sensoreinheit19 sensor unit
20 Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit20 evaluation and display unit
21 Kaliumhyperoxid (KO2) -Granulat , Chemikalie 21 potassium peroxide (KO 2 ) granules, chemical

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität an veratembarer Luft bei einem Sauerstoff erzeugenden, im Kreislauf betriebenen Atemschutzgerät mit mindestens einem Chemikal- kanister, der an einen Ausatembeutel mit integriertem Gebläse und an einen Einatembeutel mit Einatemschlauch angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass derA method for determining the residual capacity of respirable air in an oxygen-producing, circulatory respirator with at least one chemical canister, which is connected to an exhalation bag with integrated blower and to an inhalation bag with inhalation tube, characterized in that
Druckverlauf und die Temperatur der Einatemluft beim Einatmen des Benutzers sowie die Druckhöhe und die Anzahl der Atemhübe in vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen während des Einsatzes individuell ermittelt werden und daraus unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur das in dem jeweiligen Zeitintervall veratmete Luftvolumen errechnet und sukzessive von dem Ausgangsatemvolumen der Chemi- kalkanister subtrahiert wird.Pressure profile and the temperature of the inhaled air when inhaling the user and the pressure level and the number of breaths at predetermined time intervals during use are determined individually and calculates taking into account the temperature of the respired in the respective time interval air volume and gradually from the Ausgangsatemvolumen the Chemalkalkanister is subtracted.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Restkapazität als Prozentangabe errechnet und angezeigt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the remaining capacity is calculated and displayed as a percentage.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Restkapazität bildlich in Form des Füllungsgrades einer Flasche dargestellt wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the residual capacity is pictorially represented in the form of the degree of filling of a bottle.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Erreichen einer bestimmten Restkapazität ein Warnsignal er- zeugt wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when reaching a certain residual capacity a warning signal is generated.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dauer eines Zeitintervalls zwanzig Sekunden beträgt.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the duration of a time interval is twenty seconds.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei extrem geringer Beatmung oder Nichtbeatmung zur Ermittlung der Restkapazität ein Atemvolumen von 201/min fest- gelegt wird.6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at extremely low ventilation or non-ventilation for determining the residual capacity, a respiratory volume of 201 / min is set.
7. Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, für ein Sauerstoff erzeugendes, im Kreislauf betriebenes Atem- schutzgerät mit mindestens einem Chemikal- kanister, der an einen Ausatembeutel mit in diesen integriertem Gebläse und an einen Einatembeutel mit Einatemschlauch angeschlossen ist, gekennzeichnet durch eine dem Einatemschlauch (12) zugeordnete Sensoreinheit (19) mit einem Drucksensor zur Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs bei der Einatmung und einem Temperatursensor zur Messung der Temperatur der Einatemluft, sowie eine über eine Verteilereinheit (15) mit der7. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1, for an oxygen-generating, circulatory-operated respiratory protection device with at least one chemical canister, which is connected to an exhalation bag with an integrated blower and an inhalation bag with inhalation hose, characterized by a the inhalation tube (12) associated sensor unit (19) with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure profile during inhalation and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inhaled air, as well as a distribution unit (15) with the
Sensoreinheit (19) verbundene Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit (20) zum Ermitteln der Anzahl der Atemhübe in vorgegebenen Zeitin- tervallen, der maximalen Drücke der Atemhübe und der Temperatur der Einatemluft sowie zum Berechnen des in der Zeiteinheit von dem jeweiligen Benutzer eingeatmeten Luft- volumens und der zu dem jeweiligen Zeitpunkt noch zur Verfügung stehenden Restkapazität an veratembarem Luftvolumen.Sensor unit (19) connected evaluation and display unit (20) for determining the number of breaths in predetermined Zeitin- tervals, the maximum pressures of the breaths and the temperature of the inhaled air as well as for calculating the volume of air inhaled in the time unit by the respective user and the residual capacity of respirable air volume still available at the respective time.
8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7 , dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit (20) ein Display zur prozentualen oder bildlichen Angabe der Restkapazität an veratembarem Luftvolumen aufweist.8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has a display for the percentage or pictorial indication of the residual capacity of veratembarem air volume.
9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit (20) Signalgeber zur optischen und/oder akustischen Signalisierung bestimmter Restkapazitäten aufweist.9. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has signal transmitter for optical and / or acoustic signaling of certain residual capacities.
10. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Verteilereinheit (15) eine Energiequelle (12) und eine Ladebuchse (18) , sowie eine Startautomatik (16) , Quickstarter (17) und das Gebläse (4) angeschlossen sind.10. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the distribution unit (15) has a power source (12) and a charging socket (18) and an automatic start (16), Quickstarter (17) and the fan (4) are connected.
11. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die Auswerte- und Anzei- geeinheit (20) eine Totmann-Warnung integriert ist. 11. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that in the evaluation and display unit (20) a dead man's warning is integrated.
12. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit (20) eine Fehleranzeige in Bezug auf die Kapazität der Energiequelle (14) , fehlende oder defekte Anschlüsse und fehlende oder verbrauchte Quickstarter (17) aufweist. 12. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaluation and display unit (20) has an error display with respect to the capacity of the energy source (14), missing or defective connections and missing or used Quickstarter (17).
EP06722697A 2005-03-25 2006-03-23 Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit Active EP1861173B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005015275A DE102005015275B3 (en) 2005-03-25 2005-03-25 Method and apparatus for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-producing, circulatory respirator
PCT/DE2006/000545 WO2006099863A1 (en) 2005-03-25 2006-03-23 Method and arrangement for determination of the residual capacity of breathable air for an oxygen-generating breathing apparatus operated in circuit

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EP1861173A1 true EP1861173A1 (en) 2007-12-05
EP1861173B1 EP1861173B1 (en) 2008-08-13

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CN (1) CN101180100B (en)
AT (1) ATE404253T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006226722B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102005015275B3 (en)
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DE502006001335D1 (en) 2008-09-25
EP1861173B1 (en) 2008-08-13
AU2006226722B2 (en) 2010-10-28
WO2006099863A1 (en) 2006-09-28
CN101180100B (en) 2011-05-25
CN101180100A (en) 2008-05-14
AU2006226722A1 (en) 2006-09-28
DE102005015275B3 (en) 2006-09-28
ES2313628T3 (en) 2009-03-01
ATE404253T1 (en) 2008-08-15

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