EP1859874A2 - Flotteur destiné à la fabrication de tubes de protection au moins à simple coque, en particulier pour l'utilisation en tant que conduites de freins, tout comme procédé de fabrication d'un tel flotteur - Google Patents

Flotteur destiné à la fabrication de tubes de protection au moins à simple coque, en particulier pour l'utilisation en tant que conduites de freins, tout comme procédé de fabrication d'un tel flotteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1859874A2
EP1859874A2 EP07010003A EP07010003A EP1859874A2 EP 1859874 A2 EP1859874 A2 EP 1859874A2 EP 07010003 A EP07010003 A EP 07010003A EP 07010003 A EP07010003 A EP 07010003A EP 1859874 A2 EP1859874 A2 EP 1859874A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
caliber
float
shaft
raw material
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07010003A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1859874B1 (fr
EP1859874A3 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Born
Günter Riedl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gbz Mannheim & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Gbz Mannheim & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200610024119 external-priority patent/DE102006024119A1/de
Priority claimed from DE200610024120 external-priority patent/DE102006024120A1/de
Application filed by Gbz Mannheim & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Gbz Mannheim & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1859874A2 publication Critical patent/EP1859874A2/fr
Publication of EP1859874A3 publication Critical patent/EP1859874A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1859874B1 publication Critical patent/EP1859874B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/16—Mandrels; Mounting or adjusting same
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/30—Finishing tubes, e.g. sizing, burnishing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to floats for the production of at least single-walled safety tubes, preferably double-walled safety tubes, these in particular for use as brake lines in motor vehicles, comprising a shaft with at least one caliber arranged thereon, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to methods for producing such Float according to the preambles of claims 10 and 22.
  • a known method for the production of brake lines is as follows: A sheet in the form of an unwound from a roll endless belt, from which a brake pipe is to be produced, is endlessly fed to a device in which the sheet in a continuous process by forming rollers and / or Forming rolls around a shaft, preferably double-walled, to a tube be formed.
  • This shaft has at least one fixed to the shaft caliber, preferably two calibers, namely a pre-caliber and a finished caliber, wherein the calibers are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other.
  • the caliber (s) form the counterpart to the caliber-pressing forming rolls or forming rolls, with the pressed and formed tube drawn over the caliber (s).
  • the shaft together with the at least one caliber is also referred to in the jargon as a swimmer;
  • the caliber or calibers are also called olives because of their shape. That part of the shaft which holds the float against the pulling forces of the tube sliding over the caliber (s) and widening it is called an extension.
  • the first caliber the pre-caliber
  • the second caliber the finished caliber
  • the finished caliber has a diameter about 13/100 mm larger than the pre-caliber.
  • Precaliber and finished caliber are arranged at a fixed predetermined distance from each other at the float spaced, the distance is determined for example by the pulling speed of the tube to be produced and thus by the desired temperature of the tube on finished caliber.
  • the total length of the float is the sum of the length of the extension, the length of the caliber, the distance between the two calibers, and the length of an extension following the finished caliber.
  • a float is made by cutting and hardening a rod-shaped stainless steel raw material, such as 1.2210.
  • the stainless steel stock used typically has a Rockwell number of about 54.
  • the calibres or olives are left on the bars by coarse and fine grinding. When hardening, it must be ensured that the rods can still be subjected to the subsequent processing steps. Then the rods are polished. Each rod is thereby formed by grinding a caliber or olive. Then the rods are polished. After polishing, the rods are coated to increase the strength under heat, for example with titanium carbon nitrite. For example, two bars each with a caliber or olive are then welded together, so that each swimmer for example, two calibres or olives are provided.
  • each float the extension in the form of a bar is welded to a holding device, such as an eyelet or a hook, with which the float can be fixed in the device used to make brake lines. It is also known to provide the extension instead of an eye or a hook a thread on which a nut or a threaded sleeve can be screwed for fixing the rod.
  • a major disadvantage of the known production of such safety tubes is the fact that the caliber or olives are subject to very high wear. Since, for example, brake lines may only have very small tolerances, this means short running times of a plant for the production of such brake lines as well as high costs for stopping the production process, replacement of the complete float together with the olives, and restarting the production process. Typically, the float needs to be replaced due to wear of the olives, such as after production of brake lines of the order of 10 4 meters or more.
  • the high wear in the production of brake lines is encountered in the known float in that the caliber or the above indicated to be coated under heat to achieve a longer life.
  • the coating is typically designed as a multilayer and takes place, for example, with titanium carbon nitrite at temperatures of up to about 300 ° C. Higher, better temperatures for coating can not be applied, because otherwise the material of the caliber inside is soft but remains hard on the outside, what the finished caliber can not be considered or even determined by testing.
  • This is also known as the so-called eggshell effect. If such an "eggshell" caliber is used, it is compressed by the forming rollers like a lemon. To avoid the eggshell effect, the prior art relies heavily on the experience and feel of the person performing the coating. There is a risk of uneven quality of the swimmers thus produced, with the further disadvantage of an even more frequent, costly interruption of the production process of brake lines by not recognizing and using floats with "egg shells” caliber.
  • the at least one caliber comprises a hard metal element made of a hard metal or a ceramic element made of a ceramic or ceramic mixture.
  • serving as a caliber or olive cemented carbide or ceramic element is preferably designed ring, olive or teardrop-shaped or formed as a spherical segment.
  • a significant advantage of the float according to the invention is to be seen in the fact that the cost of producing the shaft compared with the prior art is substantially reduced, since now no longer the caliber can be made by grinding the shaft, but independently of the shaft.
  • the shaft itself no longer has to be worked so laboriously, since this does not affect the shaping of the inner diameter of a drawn via a caliber or an olive pipe, such as brake pipe.
  • the existing of a hard metal or ceramic element caliber or olive has a much longer life than a hardened stainless steel according to the prior art.
  • the float according to the invention must be replaced only in the order of 4x10 4 m or slightly more drawn brake lines or more. This means not only less wear and tear, but also a factor of four times less downtime for a system for the production of brake lines.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the float according to the invention provides that the shank is divided into two parts in the region of the hard metal or ceramic element and has a pin projecting at least partially into a central, continuous opening of the element for receiving the element, the carbide or ceramic element and shaft being dimensioned in this way are that a continuous transition between the two arises.
  • the hard metal or ceramic element directly on its contact surface with the shaft has an outer contour, which merges flush with the shaft.
  • the two separated in the caliber parts of the shaft are connected to each other simultaneously with the attachment of the element on the projecting into both sides of the central opening pin. Pins and hard metal or ceramic element are also preferably designed as a fit, so that the element relative to the shaft assumes an exact alignment.
  • the two parts of the shaft which are interconnected in the region of the hard metal or ceramic element are connected to one another by means of a screw connection.
  • a screw connection This significantly facilitates the installation of a float according to the invention. It is conceivable that the two parts of a shaft interconnecting screw simultaneously serves to attach a hard metal or ceramic element. If the element is fastened to the float by screwing the two parts of the shaft separated in the region of the caliber or the olive, then it is conceivable to arrange the element exchangeably on the float.
  • the shaft comprises two calibers made of a hard metal or a ceramic, namely a pre-caliber and a finished caliber whose largest diameter is slightly larger than the largest diameter of the pre-caliber.
  • At least the finished caliber comprises the hard metal or ceramic element, wherein the finished caliber is held by means of a screw at the end of the shaft, for example by means of an integrated in the following extension on the finished caliber screw.
  • the calibers or the olives, at least the finished caliber, replaceable on the float which substantially reduces the tooling costs in the production of brake lines. Then only the calibers or olives need to be replaced when worn, but not the parts of the shaft which hold the calibers; the parts of the shaft can be used for a variety of calibers.
  • the screw connection may, for example, as internal and external thread between the central opening of the cemented carbide or ceramic member and the pins of the two parts of the caliber divided shaft, or between an arranged on a part of the shaft pin with external thread and one on the other part of the shaft arranged blind hole with internal thread, be executed.
  • the externally threaded end-side pin of a part of the shaft preferably protrudes through the central opening of the hard metal or ceramic element in the arranged on the other part of the shaft, provided with an internal thread, frontal blind hole.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the hard metal or ceramic cement is glued or soldered to the shaft.
  • the two parts of the shaft divided in the region of the caliber are firmly connected to one another simultaneously with the firm connection of the element to the shaft by gluing or soldering.
  • cementing or soldering of the hard metal or ceramic element to the shaft in addition to a connection of the two parts of the shaft by means of a screw, for example, to ensure a particularly uniform transition between shaft and cemented carbide or ceramic element and vice versa, and / or to secure the screw connection.
  • the shaft may be made of stainless steel or of a high tensile plastic material or a mixture of such materials, such as carbon or ceramic fibers.
  • the object is also achieved by a float of the type mentioned at the outset, in that the shank consists, at least in sections, of a preferably easily machinable first raw material having a first material hardness, wherein at least one section comprising the second caliber or the second caliber comprises a second raw material having a second material hardness. relative to the first material hardness of higher hardness of the material, wherein the second raw material preferably after manufacture or, molding of the caliber, for example by grinding, coatable by heat and without loss of its material hardness a higher temperature than 300 ° C during the coating process endures.
  • a significant advantage of the float according to the invention over the prior art is the fact that the coating by using different raw materials for the shaft, a first raw material for portions of the shaft, which are executed without caliber, and a second raw material for portions of the shaft, which have one or more caliber, can take place at higher temperatures. This improves the quality of the coating. Since the main load of the float is made by the acting in the caliber form rollers, affects a use a first raw material, which has a lower material hardness than the second raw material, in sections in which no caliber is arranged, not disadvantageous to the life, but advantageous to the manufacturing and especially on the raw material costs.
  • the temperature, which the second raw material without loss of its material hardness during the coating process endures up to 700 ° C, preferably up to 650 ° C and particularly preferably 600 ° C. Temperatures of this magnitude are sufficient, for example, to give a multilayer coating of titanium carbon nitrite a much higher hardness than is possible according to the prior art.
  • the first raw material comprises a stainless steel raw material, for example 1.2210. This is a material already used in the prior art for swimmers, which thus is readily suitable for those portions of the shaft which have no or no caliber. It is also conceivable that the second raw material comprises a stainless steel raw material. This results in the least problems in handling, manufacturing and storage of the floats made from two different raw materials.
  • the second raw material has a Rockwell hardness of more than 60 HRc, preferably 60 HRc to 70 HRc, and most preferably from 63 HRc to 67 HRc.
  • the hardness required according to the invention is significantly higher than that of the prior art material used for the entire float, but still remains in a range that allows cost-effective processing, such as the production of the caliber or caliber by grinding.
  • the coating of the caliber (s) preferably comprises titanium carbon nitrite.
  • the coating preferably has a thickness of 3 to 6 ⁇ m.
  • the individual sections of the shaft are welded together. This is a proven and proven technology, which has a cost-reducing effect in the production of the float according to the invention.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the float according to the invention comprises two calibers, a pre-caliber and a finished caliber, wherein the largest diameter of the finished caliber is slightly larger than the largest diameter of the pre-caliber.
  • the appropriate length of the caliber-containing portion is determined by the handling and possibly concentricity precision in the elaboration of the caliber.
  • the raw materials from which the sections are cut to length are preferably in the form of round bars.
  • the temperature at which the coating is applied is preferably between 300 ° C and 700 ° C.
  • the coating is preferably made of titanium carbonitrite.
  • the joining is performed such that at the joints the outer shape of the float is flush and continuous, or that after the joining follows a processing step in which a flush and continuous outer shape of the float is made at the joints.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the first raw material has a smaller diameter than the second raw material.
  • the caliber (s) are prepared by allowing the same to coarse and fine grinding, the end face of a caliber-having portion to be joined to an adjacent portion has a smaller diameter than the raw material from which this portion is made ,
  • This makes it advantageous to select a smaller diameter from the outset for those sections which do not have a caliber, since this saves an otherwise necessary step.
  • a metallic float 10 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a metallic shank 20, at least one caliber 30, and an extension 40 with a holding device 41 arranged thereon, in this case a hook, for fastening in a device for the continuous production of brake lines.
  • the shaft 20 consists of several interconnected sections 21, 22, 23, 24.
  • the sections 22, 24 each have a caliber 30, whereas the sections 21, 23 are executed without caliber.
  • a shaft 20 has a pre-caliber 31 and a finished caliber 32.
  • the sections 21, 23 are made of an easily machinable first, a first material hardness having stainless steel raw material.
  • the sections 22, 24 are made of a second raw material with a second, compared to the first material hardness higher material hardness. It is essential that the second raw material can be coated under the action of heat and, without losing its material hardness, can withstand a temperature higher than 300 ° C. during the coating process.
  • calibers 30 of the sections 22, 24 are made by abrading and leaving the caliber 30 of the second raw material, followed by a coating step in which a coating of titanium carbon nitrite at temperatures of up to 700 ° C is applied. It is conceivable that after the manufacture of caliber 30 and before coating a hardening step.
  • the second raw material In order not to run the risk of an "eggshell effect" as in the prior art, the second raw material must have the above-mentioned property, its material hardness even at a heat of more than 300 ° C, at least up to a temperature of 600 ° C. not to lose up to 700 ° C.
  • the section 22 has the pre-caliber 31, and the section 24 the finished caliber 32.
  • two differently hard materials are used for caliber and other rod or shaft, inter alia for cost reasons, namely for the caliber one with a basic hardness of preferably 64 HRc or more, and for the rod such with only 54 HRc.
  • the caliber caliber and rod are preferably - as before - welded together.
  • the prior coating of the calibers can be carried out at much higher temperatures, preferably at 600 ° C. As a result, the coating is considerably harder and has a longer service life.
  • the coating has a thickness of preferably 3 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m.
  • the calibres from these steels look as before, but are harder and coated at higher temperatures.
  • the non-caliber portions of the stem or float preferably continue to be made of a stainless steel raw material, for example, 1.2210.
  • the sections having the caliber and the sections without caliber can be dimensioned at their front-side connecting surfaces in such a way that preferably a continuous transition occurs between them.
  • the caliber of the corresponding sections on an outer contour which merges flush with the rest of the shaft.
  • the two sections of the shaft which are separate in the area adjacent to the calibers, are connected to one another by a welded connection. It is conceivable that in a subsequent processing step in particular on the outer diameter of the caliber protruding parts of the weld be removed.
  • stainless steel raw materials are preferably used as raw materials for the different sections 21, 22, 23, 24, stainless steel raw materials are preferably used.
  • the shaft 220' is divided into two parts in the region of the caliber 230 '.
  • the caliber 230 ' consists of a ring, olive or teardrop-shaped cemented carbide element 231, which has a central opening 232.
  • cemented carbide elements it is also possible to use elements made of ceramic or ceramics; the following description includes both embodiments of elements.
  • the outwardly directed surface of an annular hard metal element preferably forms a spherical segment.
  • pins 223, 224 are screwed off at the end, which protrude approximately to half into the central opening 232 of the hard metal element 231.
  • the pins 223, 224 and the central opening 232 are preferably designed as a fit.
  • the two parts 221, 222 of the shaft 220 and the caliber 230 forming hard metal element 231 are glued or soldered flush with each other at their points of contact.
  • the transitions between the parts 221, 222 of the shaft 220 and the hard metal element 231 are preferably polished and / or honed. When using ceramic elements preferably adhesive techniques for the connection of element and shaft or spacers are used.
  • the shaft 320 is likewise divided into two parts in the region of the carbide elements 333, 334 which are connected to one another, the parts 325, 326 of the shaft 320 connected to one another in the region of the hard metal elements 333, 334 are connected to each other by means of a screw 350.
  • the screw 350 is made respectively one at a first portion 325 of the shaft 320 at the front, provided with an external thread 351 pins 327, 328, and a second part 326 of the shaft 320 "frontally arranged, provided with an internal thread 352 blind hole 328 or a nut 329th Der Zapfen 327 is so long that it protrudes through the central opening 335, 336 of the respective hard metal element 333, 334 into the blind hole 328 and the nut 329.
  • the hard metal elements 333, 334 are fastened to the float 310 by screwing the two parts 325, 326 of the shaft 320 which are separate in the region of the caliber 330, then the hard metal elements 333, 334 are arranged interchangeably on the float 310.
  • the hard metal elements 333, 334 exchangeably on the float 320, to cement or solder the hard metal elements 333, 334 to the shaft, for example to ensure a particularly smooth transition between shaft and hard metal element and vice versa, and / or around the screw connection to secure.
  • the hard metal element 333 forms the pre-caliber and the hard metal element 334 forms the finished caliber.
  • a significant advantage of the float according to the invention of the examples described is that the cost of producing the shaft compared to the prior art is substantially reduced, since not the caliber can be produced by grinding the shaft, but independently of the shaft.
  • the shaft itself no longer has to be worked so laboriously, as it does not affect the shaping of the inside diameter of a caliber-drawn brake line.
  • the calibers made of cemented carbide elements, ceramics or ceramics or hard stainless steel raw material have a much longer service life than a caliber made of a stainless steel of the prior art.
  • the float according to the invention need only be replaced in an order of 4x10 4 m drawn brake lines. This means in comparison to the prior art Less wear also by a factor of 4 lower downtime of a plant for the production of brake lines.
  • the hard metal, ceramic or ceramic elements or the hard stainless steel raw material elements and the shaft are dimensioned so that a continuous transition between the two arises.
  • the hard metal, ceramic or ceramic elements or the hard stainless steel raw material elements have an outer contour directly at their contact surface with the shaft, which merges flush with the shaft.
  • the two parts of the shank which are separated in the region of the caliber are preferably connected to one another simultaneously with the attachment of the cemented carbide or ceramic element to the stud projecting into the central opening on both sides.
  • Pins and hard metal or ceramic element are also preferably designed as a fit, so that the hard metal or ceramic element with respect to the shaft assumes an exact alignment.
  • the shank is preferably made of stainless steel. It is also conceivable that the shaft consists of high-tensile plastic materials or mixtures, such as carbon or ceramic fibers.
  • a shaft caliber made of cemented carbide or ceramic which have a hardness of 1500 HV to 2000 HV (Vickers), from which the enormous extension of the life of the caliber or olives over the prior art is apparent.
  • the invention is industrially applicable in the field of production of safety tubes, such as brake lines, as well as the production of tools for producing such safety tubes, such as brake lines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP07010003A 2006-05-22 2007-05-19 Flotteur destiné à la fabrication de tubes de protection au moins à simple coque, en particulier pour l'utilisation en tant que conduites de freins, tout comme procédé de fabrication d'un tel flotteur Active EP1859874B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610024119 DE102006024119A1 (de) 2006-05-22 2006-05-22 Schwimmer zur Herstellung von Sicherheitsrohren sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE200610024120 DE102006024120A1 (de) 2006-05-22 2006-05-22 Schwimmer zur Herstellung von Sicherheitsrohren sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1859874A2 true EP1859874A2 (fr) 2007-11-28
EP1859874A3 EP1859874A3 (fr) 2008-09-24
EP1859874B1 EP1859874B1 (fr) 2011-09-21

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ID=38430557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07010003A Active EP1859874B1 (fr) 2006-05-22 2007-05-19 Flotteur destiné à la fabrication de tubes de protection au moins à simple coque, en particulier pour l'utilisation en tant que conduites de freins, tout comme procédé de fabrication d'un tel flotteur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1859874B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE525145T1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2338441A (en) 1998-06-16 1999-12-22 Teddington Centreless Grinding Mandrel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2220757A (en) * 1937-12-16 1940-11-05 Carboloy Company Inc Tube drawing nib mount
US4131005A (en) * 1977-05-20 1978-12-26 Pridy Whetstine B Tubular member straightening, descaling and hydraulic testing apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2338441A (en) 1998-06-16 1999-12-22 Teddington Centreless Grinding Mandrel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1859874B1 (fr) 2011-09-21
ATE525145T1 (de) 2011-10-15
EP1859874A3 (fr) 2008-09-24

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