Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F41—WEAPONS
  • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
  • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
  • F41H5/02—Plate construction
  • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
  • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
  • B64D37/02—Tanks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
  • B65D90/22—Safety features
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
  • B60K2015/03486—Fuel tanks characterised by the materials the tank or parts thereof are essentially made from
  • B60K2015/03493—Fuel tanks characterised by the materials the tank or parts thereof are essentially made from made of plastics

Definitions

• Another mechanism is furnished by another plurality of layers, each including a body of essentially the same high-elastomeric material which is used in the elastomeric-material-only layers, along with a distribution of dedicated liquid-imbiber beads that are embedded in this elastomeric body to furnish significant liquid-imbibing, and three-dimensional material swelling and coagulating, responses as a consequence of contact with any liquid which might leak from a penetrated container.
• Patent Application may be employed as a family from which the most useful elastomeric and liquid-imbiber bead materials may be selected for a particular situation, (b) that the relative thicknesses of different layers in an overall multi-layer coating structure may be adjusted for optimal performance, and (c) that a particular, and most desirable, by-weight population of selected liquid-imbiber bead-like elements may be used in a layer which is formed with an embedding body of a high- elastomeric material.
• the specific elastomeric materials used in these three layers need not be the same.
• an elastomeric material may be chosen which offers, in addition to an elastomeric memory response to a container penetration, liquid imbibing and material-swelling responses, in other applications, an elastomeric material may be selected which offer only an elastomeric memory response. Further, we have determined that providing a user with a range of elastomeric material and imbiber-bead population selectivity, it is possible to optimize individually each of the three layers in an overall coating for best performance in accordance with a particular kind of container anti-leakage protection which is desired.
• Fig. 1 is a simplified, fragmentary, cross-sectional view illustrating a three- layer, anti-leakage protective coating applied to the outside surface of the wall in a liquid container in accordance with practice of the present invention.
• Fig. 2 is a bock/schematic diagram illustrating the architecture of the methodology of the present invention, one version/modification of which was used in conjunction with creating the layered overcoating structure pictured in Fig. 1
• a three-layer anti-leakage coating, or barrier which has been applied in accordance with practice of the present invention (one modification thereof) to the outside surface 12a in the wall 12b of a liquid container 12.
• container 12 is a metallic tank which forms part of a military fuel tanker vehicle, with this container carrying hydrocarbon fuel. It should be understood that this specific environment with respect to a container carrying a particular kind of liquid is illustrative only, and those skilled in the art should recognize that practice of the present invention may be implemented with regard to other kinds of containers carrying other kinds of liquids.
• barrier coating 10 includes three spray-applied layers 14, 16, 18, with layers 14, 18 being formed substantially purely of a high-elastomeric material shortly to be described, and layer 16 being formed as a composite-material layer including a body 16a of high-elastomeric material in which there is a distribution of a plurality of liquid-imbiber bead-like elements, or beads, 16b.
• Layer 16, in accordance with practice of the present invention has a layer thickness which is less than the thicknesses of each, respectively, of layers 14, 18.
• a preferred set of relative layer thicknesses herein involves layers 14, 18 each having a layer thickness of about 1/4-inches, and intermediate layer 16 having a layer thickness of about 1/8- inches.
• the incorporated liquid-imbiber beads form about 22-percent by weight of layer 16.
• a word here about the use of a "receiving-surface" primer for layer adhesion assistance will be useful.
• the receiving surface is either metal, or painted metal
• that surface should be completely dry before primer application.
• unpainted metal surface normally no special surface texturing is necessary before primer application.
• paint-surface profiling to produce about a 1- to about a 3-mil texture is recommended.
• an appropriate primer such as the so-called System 251 primer made by Rhino Linings, USA, Inc. in San Diego, California, may be used.
• This primer preferably is applied to create a primer layer having a thickness lying in the range of about 2- to about 5-mils. Manufacturer's instructions are entirely adequate to describe both the details of applying this primer to different surfaces, and the conditions which, after primer application, should be observed to indicate readiness of the primer to receive a sprayed overlayer, such as the innermost elastomeric layer 14 discussed herein which lies closest to the outer surface of a protected liquid container.
• the receiving surface for the innermost, barrier-structure elastomeric layer is the outer surface of a plastic container, such as the outer surface of an HDPE fuel tank in a military vehicle
• two things preferably should be done to prepare such a surface for elastomeric layer receipt.
• the surface should be scrubbed/scuffed, as with a rotary wire cup brush, to roughen the surface, and to remove any "surface gloss" of this surface.
• an appropriate adhesion-promoting primer should be sprayed onto the scuffed surface.
• a suitable primer is the two-part catalyzed product known as DPX-801 plastic adhesive primer made by PPG Industries of Strongsville, Ohio.
• Interlayer primer use here should be based upon the same time-interval consideration just discussed above, and an appropriate interlayer primer is the mentioned System 251 primer.
• the relative thicknesses of layers 14, 16, 18, with layer 16 always having the smallest layer thickness may be chosen differently to suit different applications.
• the by- weight population occupancy of layer 16 by beads 16b may be different from that which has just been mentioned above in accordance with the opportunity for "tailoring" barrier coating 10 to a particular application.
• the high-elastomeric materials employed in layers 14, 16, 18 may be respectively dissimilar, in the barrier coating pictured in Fig. 1, the same high-elastomeric material is employed in each of these layers.
• This illustrative, high-elastomeric material is a product sold under the trademark TUFF STUFF® — a two-part, catalyzable elastomeric material made by the Rhino Linings company identified above and designated with the manufacturer's part numbers 60017 and 60058. Liquid-imbiber beads 16b are formed herein from a product designated
• IMB230300 made by Imbibitive Technologies America, Inc. in Midland, Michigan.
• All three of layers 14, 16, 18 have been spray-applied to achieve the overall three-layer structure pictured in Fig. 1. More specifically, layer 14 has been spray applied directly to the properly primered outside surface 12a in container 12. Layer 16 has been spray-applied to the outside surface of layer 14. Layer 18 has been spray- applied to the outside surface of layer 16. Assuming that the time intervals between layer applications is less than about 4-hours, no interlayer primer need be employed.
• Fig. 1 With respect to the specific application of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1, where it is the potential leakage of hydrocarbon fuel from a puncture wound in container wall 12b which is to be defeated, respective layers 14, 16, 18, in terms of material selection and relative thickness, as well as population content in layer 16 of the liquid-imbiber beads, have been chosen to optimize, for container 12 and its hydrocarbon fuel content, the respective leakage-control behaviors collectively contributed by the three layers in coating 10. More specifically, layer 14 has been optimized, in accordance with practice of the invention, to provide principally an elastomeric, resilience-memory, wound-closure response to a penetration wound in container 12. The material forming this layer also reacts to contact with hydrocarbon fuel to produce a modest liquid-imbibing and material-swelling response to such contact.
• Layer 16 has been optimized to provide combined elastomeric and independent (via liquid-imbiber beads 16b) liquid-imbibing, material-swelling wound-closure, responses, coupled with a modest, liquid-imbibing and swelling response furnished by the embedding high-elastomeric material.
• Layer 18 has been optimized, as is true for layer 14, to responses like those provided by layer 14.
• a layered protection system relevant to other kinds of contained liquids
• layers such as layers 14, 16, 18, for appropriate respective performance optimizations of these layers.
• the elastomeric material chosen for layer 14 is best differentiated from that which is employed in layer 16, as well as that which is employed in layer 18.
• Block 22 represents selection of one of various different kinds of high- elastomeric materials for use respectively in layers 14, 16, 18.
• Block 24 represents user-selection of a particular kind of imbiber beads, such as those mentioned above, for incorporation into composite layer 16.
• Block 26 represents blending activities relevant to preparing for spray-creation of layer 16.
• Block 28 represents the step of spraying to create layers 14, 16, 18. Except as specifically noted below, inasmuch as only layer 16 contains embedded liquid-imbiber beads, block 26 is effectively bypassed during spray-creation of layers 14 and 18.
• block 26 performs a blending function for these components prior to passage of the blended result to block 28 for spray application in a layer-creation procedure. If only a single-component elastomeric material is to be used, that material is simply flowed without any kind of blending taking place, to block 28 for spraying.
• a single- or plural-part elastomeric material is chosen freely from the list of such materials set forth in block 22. Those skilled in the art will readily understand how to select such materials for particular applications.
• the selected material for a particular elastomeric-only layer is spray- applied to create such a layer having the desired thickness. In the cases of layers 14, 18 herein, the thickness which has been chosen for each of these layers is about 1/4- inches.
• an elastomeric material selected from the list shown in block 22, single- or plural-part in nature is blended (for passing along to block 28) in block 26 with a population of liquid-imbiber beads appropriately selected in accordance with conventional understanding of such bead-like imbiber beads.
• Appropriate by-weight ratios of elastomeric material and liquid-imbiber beads are chosen for the flows thereof which become blended in block 26. Any suitable conventional approach may be used to adjust these flows to achieve a desired blend. In relation to layer 16 herein, this blend is adjusted so as to create a by- weight percentage of liquid-imbiber beads of about 22- percent.
• Blending and spraying of these materials is performed to achieve a desired thickness which, in the case of layer 16 herein, is smaller than the thickness of the two "bracketing" layers 14, 18, and specifically is about 1/8-inches.
• This practice involves a method for applying a plural-layer coating to the outside of a liquid container to act as an anti-leakage barrier in the event of a penetration wound occurring in the container resulting from a projectile strike, such as a bullet strike.
• This method includes, fundamentally, the steps of: (a) forming essentially directly on the outside surface of such a container a first, non-composite barrier layer which is optimized for providing principally an elastomeric wound- closure response regarding the occurrence of such a strike; (b) forming on the outside of such a first layer a second, composite-material barrier layer which is optimized for combined elastomeric and independent liquid-imbibing wound-closure responses, where the elastomeric body material is selected as expressed above, and where formation of this second layer includes the incorporation of liquid-imbiber, bead-like elements; and (c), forming on the outside of such a second layer a third, non- composite layer which is optimized principally for an elastomeric wound-closure response, and where the elastorneric material employed this third layer is also selectively chosen as expressed above.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
• Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-05-22 WO PCT/US2006/019823 patent/WO2006127651A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2006-05-22 EP EP06770892A patent/EP1858768A4/de not_active Withdrawn

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