EP1857727A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines Flüssiggastankers mit Erdgas entsprechend dem Gasbedarf - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines Flüssiggastankers mit Erdgas entsprechend dem Gasbedarf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1857727A2
EP1857727A2 EP07104176A EP07104176A EP1857727A2 EP 1857727 A2 EP1857727 A2 EP 1857727A2 EP 07104176 A EP07104176 A EP 07104176A EP 07104176 A EP07104176 A EP 07104176A EP 1857727 A2 EP1857727 A2 EP 1857727A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
boil
natural
forced
cargo tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07104176A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1857727A3 (de
EP1857727B1 (de
Inventor
Sung Kak Lyu
An Heo
Chul Woo Lee
Hyun Ki Park
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanwha Ocean Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
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Publication of EP1857727A2 publication Critical patent/EP1857727A2/de
Publication of EP1857727A3 publication Critical patent/EP1857727A3/de
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Publication of EP1857727B1 publication Critical patent/EP1857727B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0146—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels with details of the manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for stable supply of natural gas to gas demand sides in an LNG carrier. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus that enables an unstable operation of a natural boil-off gas (NBOG) compressor for fuel supply caused by a low load operation of the NBOG compressor resulting from generation of a low amount of natural boil-off gas during ballast voyage of an LNG carrier to be stabilized via operation of a forcing vaporizer under the situation of the parallel operation of the NBOG compressor and the forcing vaporizer when supplying natural gas to a gas demand side in the LNG carrier, and that can achieve stable release of the pressure at an outlet of the vaporizer with regard to variation in load of the LNG carrier.
  • NBOG natural boil-off gas
  • a liquefied natural gas (LNG) tanker is typically propelled by one or more steam turbines.
  • the tanker is provided with a boiler to generate steam.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LNG has such a very low boiling point of about -162°C, although it is a small ratio, continuous evaporation of LNG occurs inevitably within the tanker in spite of thermal insulation of the cargo tank.
  • some of the fuel required for the boiler is sufficed by using such natural boil-off gas.
  • the remaining fuel is supplied from a stock of heavy hydrocarbon liquid fuel, which is also called "bunker oil.”
  • the tanker is additionally provided with a forcing vaporizer, which is a device for supply of natural gas to a burner associated with the boiler. Furthermore, the tanker is provided with a compressor to maintain a constant pressure of the gas supplied to the burner.
  • the forced boil-off gas and the natural boil-off gas is mixed upstream of the compressor.
  • Korean Utility Model Registration No. 290726 entitled “Boil-off gas supply system” and Korean Utility Model Registration No. 410367 entitled “Apparatus for supplying fuel in LNG carrier” natural boil-off gas within the LNG tank is mixed with forced boil-off gas upstream of the compressor and then supplied into the compressor.
  • gas supplied from a cargo tank 210 to a compressor 212 and a power propulsion apparatus 214 is classified into two kinds, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • One kind of gas is natural boil-off gas generated through natural vaporization of liquefied gas within the cargo tank 210, and the other is forced boil-off gas generated through forced vaporization thereof.
  • Both the natural boil-off gas and the forced boil-off gas are cooled to a suitable temperature range by a gas cooler 216, and supplied to the compressor 212.
  • the suitable temperature range is about -150 to -130 °C.
  • the gas is compressed in the compressor 212 and supplied at a suitable discharge pressure to the power propulsion device 214 through a discharge pipe 219.
  • Gas pipes 220 are positioned between the cargo tank 210 and the gas cooler 216 to form flow paths of the natural boil-off gas and the forced boil-off gas.
  • the gas pipes 220 comprises a natural boil-off gas pipe 220a to deliver the natural boil-off gas from the cargo tank 210 to the gas cooler 216, a gas return pipe 220b to allow liquefied gas to be returned to the cargo tank 210 via the gas cooler 216 after being pumped by a gas pump 211 within the cargo tank 210, and a forced boil-off gas pipe 220c having one end diverged from an initial segment H of the gas return pipe 220b and the other end connected to the natural boil-off gas pipe 220a to deliver the forced boil-off gas from the cargo tank 210 to the gas cooler 216.
  • the forced boil-off gas pipe 220c is provided with a vaporizer 224, which forcibly converts liquefied gas into a gaseous state.
  • the natural boil-off gas within the cargo tank 210 flows into the natural boil-off gas pipe 220a. Meanwhile, the liquefied gas having been pumped by the gas pump 211 flows into the gas return pipe 220b and the initial segment H of the forced boil-off gas pipe 220c.
  • the liquefied gas pumped by the gas pump 211 within the cargo tank 210 is forcibly vaporized through the vaporizer 224, it is mixed with the natural boil-off gas in the natural boil-off gas pipe 220a and flows together into the gas cooler 216.
  • the gas pumped by the gas pump 211 is directed from the initial segment H of the gas return pipe 220b not to the vaporizer 224 but directly to the gas cooler 216, the gas is returned back to the cargo tank 210.
  • the cargo tank comprises: a gas dome 30 positioned on the top of the cargo tank 20 such that the boil-off gas within the cargo tank 20 is discharged through the gas dome 30; a first low duty compressor 50 connected to the gas dome 30 to raise the pressure of the boil-off gas; a gas heater 60 connected to the first low duty compressor 50 to raise the temperature of the boil-off gas; a check valve 170 disposed between the first low duty compressor 50 and the gas heater 60 to prevent a reverse flow of the boil-off gas; a second low duty compressor 180 for preparation of overhauling and inspection of the first low duty compressor 50; a constant velocity motor 40 to drive both the first and second low duty compressors 50 and 180; a boiler 90 connected to the gas heater 60 to burn the boil-off gas; a main valve 70 disposed between the gas heater 60 and an engine room 80 where the boiler 90 is positioned; a strip spray pump 100 mounted at a lower portion of the cargo tank 20 to supply LNG for supplementing gas shortage during combustion operation of the boiler 90; a flow rate control valve 120 into which a portion of
  • NBOG natural boil-off gas
  • an object of the present invention is to allow gas to be supplied at a predetermined pressure or more to a gas demand side in an LNG carrier.
  • Another object of the present invention is to allow an NBOG compressor used for supply of fuel to the gas demand side in the LNG carrier to be operated at a relatively high load by suitably maintaining the pressure of a cargo tank, stabilizing the operation of the compressor.
  • a method for supplying natural gas at a predetermined pressure or more to a gas demand side in an LNG carrier comprising natural boil-off gas generated in a cargo tank containing LNG and forced boil-off gas generated by vaporizing LNG pumped from the cargo tank, wherein in order to supply the natural gas at a predetermined pressure or more, the forced boil-off gas or a mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas having the predetermined pressure or more is returned to the cargo tank or to a gas header connecting a plurality of the cargo tanks to one another.
  • the gas demand side may be any one of a boiler, a double-fuel engine, and a gas turbine.
  • the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas is controlled to have the predetermined pressure or more in a variety of ways.
  • the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas may have the predetermined pressure or more by the forcing vaporizer.
  • a separate compressor is used to control the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas to have the predetermined pressure or more while being returned to the cargo tank or the gas header, if the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas does not have the predetermined pressure or more.
  • the forced boil-off gas may be mixed with the natural boil-off gas upstream of the compressor.
  • the natural boil-off gas is compressed by the compressor, and the forced boil-off gas is vaporized to have the predetermined pressure or more, followed by being mixed with the natural boil-off gas compressed by the compressor.
  • the natural boil-off gas is maintained at the predetermined pressure or more within the cargo tank, enabling the compressor to be operated at a relatively high load, so that the compressor can be operated stably.
  • the pressure of the gas returned to the cargo tank can be variously changed depending on the pressure range according to the specification of the compressor.
  • the natural boil-off gas has an absolute pressure of about 1.06 bars in the cargo tank and the forced boil-off gas has an absolute pressure of about 1.96 bars.
  • an apparatus for supplying natural gas to a gas demand source in an LNG carrier comprises a compressor to compress natural boil-off gas generated from a cargo tank containing LNG, a pump to pump LNG from the cargo tank and a vaporizer to vaporize the pumped LNG to generate forced boil-off gas, wherein the forced boil-off gas of the compressor is mixed with the natural boil-off gas upstream or downstream of the compressor and supplied at a predetermined pressure or more to the gas demand side, and the forced boil-off gas or mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas having the predetermined pressure or more is returned to the cargo tank or a gas header connecting a plurality of the cargo tanks to one another.
  • the gas demand side may be any one of a boiler, a double-fuel engine, and a gas turbine.
  • the forced boil-off gas may be mixed with the natural boil-off gas before or after compression of the natural boil-off gas.
  • the natural boil-off gas is compressed by the compressor, and the forced boil-off gas is vaporized to have the predetermined pressure or more and mixed with the natural boil-off gas compressed by the compressor.
  • a separate or another compressor may be installed on a pipe, through which the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas is returned to the cargo tank or the gas header, to increase the pressure of the forced boil-off gas returned alone or in a state of being mixed with the natural boil-off gas to the cargo tank or the gas header if the pressure of the returning gas is less than or equal to a predetermined value.
  • the separate compressor is not necessary.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a return pipe connected to downstream of the vaporizer or to downstream of a pipe joined to the return pipe through which the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and natural boil-off gas is returned to the cargo tank, and a control valve on the return pipe to control returning of the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas by opening or closing the control valve. Since the forced boil-off gas or the mixed gas returning to the cargo tank or the header has the predetermined pressure or more, it is possible to control a returning amount of the gas only by the opening and closing of the control valve.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an apparatus for supplying natural gas to a gas demand side in an LNG carrier according to one embodiment of the present invention. The construction and operation of the apparatus will be described hereinafter.
  • An LNG cargo tank 310 is filled with LNG 312 at a lower portion and natural boil-off gas 313 at an upper portion.
  • the natural boil-off gas 313 generated in the cargo tank 310 is compressed by an NBOG compressor 340 after passing through an exit (dome) at the top of the cargo tank 310.
  • the pump 320 is preferably a strip pump capable of pumping LNG at the bottom of the cargo tank 310.
  • the LNG transferred by the pump 320 is vaporized by a forcing vaporizer 330.
  • Forced boil-off gas vaporized by the forcing vaporizer 330 is mixed with the natural boil-off gas compressed by the compressor 340 and is supplied to a gas demand side 350, for example, boilers, dual-fuel engines, gas turbines, etc.
  • a portion of the forced boil-off gas vaporized by the forcing vaporizer 330 is returned to the cargo tank 310 through a return pipe on which a control valve 332 is disposed.
  • the natural boil-off gas 313 is maintained at an absolute pressure of about 1.06 bars in the cargo tank 310 and compressed to have an absolute pressure of about 1.96 bars by the compressor 340.
  • LNG transferred from the cargo tank 310 by the pump 320 is vaporized to have an absolute pressure of about 1.96 bars by the vaporizer 330.
  • the forced boil-off gas and compressed natural boil-off gas are supplied to the gas demand side 350 at an absolute pressure of about 1.96 bars.
  • the forced boil-off gas returning from the forced vaporizer 330 has the absolute pressure of 1.96 bars and the natural boil-off gas in the cargo tank has the absolute pressure of about 1.06 bars, a pressure difference between the forced boil-off gas and the natural boil-off gas enables returning of the forced boil-off gas from the forcing vaporizer 330 to be easily controlled by opening or closing the control valve 332. With such a control, it is possible to supply the gas having the predetermined pressure or more required for the gas demand side.
  • the gas demand side 350 permits only pressure variation in a predetermined range and is changed in quantity of gas demanded, it is possible to supply the gas in a predetermined pressure range by controlling a return amount of the forced boil-off gas from the forcing vaporizer 330 by the opening or closing of the control valve 332.
  • the pressure must be strictly controlled to be in an allowable pressure range of ⁇ 0.2 bars.
  • the forced boil-off gas supplied from the forcing vaporizer 330 to the return pipe while controlling an open or closed degree of the control valve, it is possible to supply the gas at the pressure in the predetermined range permitted at each gas demand side.
  • Such a pressure control can be easily applied or modified by the person skilled in the art with various sensors equipped in the tanks or to various pipes of the LNG carrier.
  • the gas returning to the cargo tank 310 is illustrated as being the forced boil-off gas with the pressure increased to the predetermined value or more via the vaporizer 330.
  • mixed gas of the forced boil-off gas and the natural boil-off gas which is compressed to have the predetermined pressure or more by the compressor 340 may be returned to the cargo tank.
  • the forced boil-off gas and the natural boil-off gas are illustrated as being mixed with each other after having a predetermined pressure or more in Fig. 3, the natural boil-off gas may be mixed with the forced boil-off gas prior to compression by the compressor 340.
  • the compressor 340 there are disadvantages in that a mist drum is required to remove liquid droplets from the forced boil-off gas and that the capacity of the compressor 340 increases.
  • a separate compressor is provided to the returning pipe with a control valve 332 positioned downstream of the separate compressor.
  • the forced boil-off gas from the forcing vaporizer 330 is returned to the cargo tank 310 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the forced boil-off gas from the forcing vaporizer 330 may be returned to the cargo tank 310 or to a gas header 370 connecting respective cargo tanks to one another other in another embodiment shown in Fig. 4. If the forced boil-off gas is returned to the gas header 370, the forced boil-off gas can be directly supplied to a compressor 340 (for example, LD compressor) connected to the gas header 370 without being returned to the cargo tank 310 such that the allowable gas pressure for the compressor can be maintained.
  • a compressor 340 for example, LD compressor
  • the construction of the invention as described above provides various merits.
  • the conventional technique in the event where less gas than required for the minimum operation load of the NBOG compressor for fuel supply is induced into the NBOG compressor due to a low amount of natural boil-off gas during ballast voyage of the LNG carrier, and, in the event where variation in load of the gas demand side is great, the stable operation of the NBOG compressor cannot be ensured.
  • the NBOG compressor for the fuel supply is operated below the minimum operation load thereof during the ballast voyage of the LNG carrier, the pressure of the cargo tank cannot be maintained efficiently.
  • the return pipe and control valve associated with the return of gas to the cargo tank during the ballast voyage are provided to increase the flow rate of gas returning to the cargo tank, so that the NBOG compressor for the fuel supply can be operated at a relatively high load, enabling stable operation of the compressor and thus maintaining a suitable pressure of the cargo tank.
  • the pressure of the cargo tank can be properly maintained through an automatic operation via an additional pipe for load adjustment even when the NBOG compressor is operated below the minimum operation load.
  • the boil-off gas is returned to the cargo tank, it is possible to smoothly maintain the pressure of the cargo tank by the automatic operation thereof so as not to deteriorate the pressure of the cargo tank. With such merits of the invention, it is possible to achieve automation of a gas management system related to the boiler.
  • gas to be supplied to the gas demand side in particular, forced boil-off gas to be supplied from a forcing vaporizer thereto, is bypassed to a return pipe so that natural gas can be supplied at a predetermined pressure or more required by a gas demand side, in particular, at a pressure in a predetermined range permitted by the gas demand side.
  • the natural boil-off gas is maintained at the predetermined pressure or more within the cargo tank, enabling the compressor to be operated with a relatively high load, so that the compressor can be operated stably.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP07104176.8A 2006-05-19 2007-03-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines Flüssiggastankers mit Erdgas entsprechend dem Gasbedarf Active EP1857727B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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KR1020060045018A KR100649863B1 (ko) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Ｌｎｇ 운반선에서 가스 수요처로의 천연가스 공급방법 및그 장치

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EP1857727A2 true EP1857727A2 (de) 2007-11-21
EP1857727A3 EP1857727A3 (de) 2017-05-10
EP1857727B1 EP1857727B1 (de) 2019-09-11

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DE102007042158A1 (de) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-12 Man Diesel Se Gasversorgungsanlage für einen mit gasförmigen Treibstoff betriebenen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2011156630A2 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Lng transport vessel and method for storing and managing excess boil off gas thereon
JP2018508727A (ja) * 2015-03-19 2018-03-29 サムスン ヘビー インダストリーズ カンパニー リミテッド 燃料ガス供給システム

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WO2008099977A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-21 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Lng cargo tank of lng carrier and method for treating boil-off gas using the same
KR100839771B1 (ko) * 2007-05-31 2008-06-20 대우조선해양 주식회사 해상 구조물에 구비되는 질소 생산장치 및 상기 질소생산장치를 이용한 해상 구조물에서의 질소 생산방법
KR100868847B1 (ko) * 2007-07-19 2008-11-14 현대중공업 주식회사 액화 천연가스 운반선의 하역용 액화 천연가스 기화장치
KR100952669B1 (ko) * 2007-10-09 2010-04-13 대우조선해양 주식회사 Ｌｎｇ 운반선의 하역시 압력 조절장치 및 상기 압력조절장치를 갖는 ｌｎｇ 운반선
CN102269327B (zh) * 2011-07-28 2013-02-13 中国寰球工程公司 一种储罐中的蒸发气的回收系统和回收方法
CN103225739B (zh) * 2013-04-22 2015-09-09 中国海洋石油总公司 一种lng接收站蒸发气节能处理系统
CN103225740B (zh) * 2013-04-22 2015-09-09 中国海洋石油总公司 一种lng接收站利用压力能的bog处理系统
CA2819721C (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-07-08 Westport Power Inc. Engine control apparatus
KR101479486B1 (ko) 2013-06-29 2015-01-08 대우조선해양 주식회사 Lng 재기화 실시간 운영시스템 및 운영방법
CN104315341B (zh) * 2014-11-13 2017-02-01 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 一种双燃料推进船船舶燃气管路控制总阀房间的通风装置
FR3071276B1 (fr) * 2017-09-20 2021-01-01 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en gaz a indice de methane optimise d'au moins un moteur thermique, en particulier d'un navire de transport de gaz liquefie
GB201719399D0 (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-01-03 Bennamann Services Ltd Liquid methane storage and fuel delivery system

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DE102007042158A1 (de) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-12 Man Diesel Se Gasversorgungsanlage für einen mit gasförmigen Treibstoff betriebenen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2011156630A2 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Lng transport vessel and method for storing and managing excess boil off gas thereon
WO2011156630A3 (en) * 2010-06-09 2012-04-12 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Lng transport vessel and method for storing and managing excess boil off gas thereon
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JP2018508727A (ja) * 2015-03-19 2018-03-29 サムスン ヘビー インダストリーズ カンパニー リミテッド 燃料ガス供給システム

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1857727A3 (de) 2017-05-10
DK1857727T3 (da) 2019-12-09
KR100649863B1 (ko) 2006-11-28
CN101074760B (zh) 2011-01-12
CN101074760A (zh) 2007-11-21
KR20060063845A (ko) 2006-06-12
EP1857727B1 (de) 2019-09-11

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