JP5538234B2 - 天然ガス供給方法及び装置 - Google Patents
天然ガス供給方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 194
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 102
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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Description
1つの前記主貯蔵容器または各前記主貯蔵容器内の浸漬ポンプは低圧ポンプであっても良く(例えば、3乃至4バール程度の排油圧力を有する)、
本発明に係る方法及び装置は高圧のLNGを前記二次保持容器から前記強制気化器へ前記二次容器に関連した前記昇圧手段の選択次第で断続的にまたは連続して供給するように作動しても良く、
1つの前記浸漬ポンプまたは各前記浸漬ポンプはガス供給要件に合わせて断続的に及び時間を低減して作動するようにしても良く、
1つの前記貯蔵タンクまたは各前記貯蔵タンクはバラ積み航海に合わせた従来の量より小量のLNGを輸送するようにしても良く、
本発明に係る方法及び装置は、バラ積み航海の最後において積荷のLNGのレベルが低すぎて前記浸漬ポンプが一義的に使用できない場合には、LNG貯蔵タンクの冷却に利用するようにしても良く、
本発明に係る方法及び装置は、各段階間において自然気化したLNGから圧縮熱を除去するのに且つまたは前記自然気化LNG用の圧縮器の上流または外圧縮器内の自然気化LNGの事前冷却ように使用するようにしても良い。
添付図面において同様な構成部品は同一の符号を付して図示してある。
添付図面中の図1を参照して、一連の主LNG貯蔵タンクまたは容器を示す。斯かる一連の貯蔵タンクまたは容器は外洋航行輸送船(図示なし)上に設置される。図1には4基の実質的に同一の貯蔵タンク4、6、8及び10が図示してある。実際には斯かる一連のタンクはこれら4基のタンク4、6、8及び10より多くのタンクを備えるのが典型的である。LNG貯蔵タンク4、6、8及び10の各タンクは遮熱されて該タンクの内容物であるLNGが周りの環境から熱を吸収する速度を低く抑えるようにしている。LNG貯蔵タンク4、6、8及び10の各タンクは図1では容量12のLNGを収容するように図示されている。LNG貯蔵タンク4、6、8及び10の各タンクには該タンク内の液体の液面より上は自然に発生するアリッジ即ち欠損スペースとなっている。LNGは周囲温度よりかなり低い温度で沸騰するから各容量12からは常にLNGが前記欠損スペース内へ蒸発または気化している。
Claims (19)
- 高圧で天然ガスを供給する天然ガス供給装置において、
少なくとも1つのLNG用主貯蔵容器と、
該主貯蔵容器内の浸漬ポンプであってLNGの強制気化器が配置された供給パイプラインと連通して設置可能な浸漬ポンプとを備え、
前記強制気化器と連通して設置可能な少なくとも1つの二次LNG保持容器が前記天然ガス供給パイプライン内へ配置され、
前記二次LNG保持容器が該二次LNG保持容器と関連した手段であって圧力をかけて前記LNGを前記二次LNG保持容器から前記強制気化器まで搬送する手段を備え、
前記主貯蔵容器からの自然気化LNGを圧縮するコンプレッサと、該コンプレッサの上流の前記自然気化LNGを前記二次容器からのLNGで事前冷却する手段とを更に備えることを特徴とする、天然ガス供給装置。 - 前記二次容器からのLNGを前記自然気化LNGと事前混合する混合装置を更に備えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記コンプレッサは複数の段階を有するコンプレッサであり、一対の段階の中間で前記自然気化LNGから圧縮熱を除去する熱交換器が設けられ、該熱交換器が前記二次容器と連通して設置可能な冷却通路を有することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記二次容器が上方液面センサ及び下方液面センサを有し、これらのセンサは給油バルブと連動して作動可能であり、前記二次容器内へのLNGの流入がLNGの液面が前記下方液面センサの高さより下方へ降下した時にのみ開始され、該流入がLNGの液面が前記上方液面センサの高さまで上昇した時にのみ停止されるように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 圧力を掛けて前記LNGを搬送する前記手段が前記二次保持容器と連動した熱交換器または昇圧コイルを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記LNGを搬送する前記手段が少なくとも1つの二次ポンプを備えることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記二次ポンプが1つ以上のシリンダを有した往復ポンプであることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 複数の二次容器が並列に設けられ、各二次容器が専用の二次ポンプを有することを特徴とする、請求項6または7に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記主貯蔵容器からの自然気化LNGを液化する液化装置を含み、該液化装置がLNG排出口を更に備え、該排出口は前記二次保持容器または前記主貯蔵容器と連通して設置することが出来ることを特徴とする、請求項6乃至8の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 前記天然ガス供給装置は外洋航行LNGタンカーの推進装置に天然ガスを供給するように配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給装置。
- 高圧で天然ガスを供給する天然ガス供給方法において、
少なくとも1つの主貯蔵容器にLNGを貯蔵することと、
該主貯蔵容器からパイプラインに沿って少なくとも前記LNGを保持する二次容器へ浸漬ポンプによってLNGを搬送することと、
前記LNGの圧力を上げて高圧LNGを二次保持容器から前記強制気化器まで前記パイプラインに沿って搬送することと、
前記強制気化器内の前記LNGを気化させることとを含み、
前記主貯蔵容器からの自然気化LNGを圧縮するコンプレッサの上流の前記自然気化LNGを前記二次容器からのLNGで事前冷却することを更に含むことを特徴とする天然ガス供給方法。 - 前記二次保持容器から前記強制気化器へLNGが連続して供給されることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- 前記LNGが前記二次保持容器から前記強制気化器へ断続的に供給されることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- LNGは前記二次保持容器の欠損スペース内の気化ガスの圧力で前記二次保持容器から前記強制気化器へ搬送されることを特徴とする、請求項11乃至13の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- 前記気化ガス圧力は絶対11バールまでとすることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- LNGは前記二次保持容器から前記強制気化器へ少なくとも1基の二次ポンプにより搬送されることを特徴とする、請求項12または13に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- 前記二次ポンプが前記LNGの圧力を300バールまでの圧力へ昇圧することを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- 前記主貯蔵タンクからの自然気化LNGを液化することと、該液化されたLNGを前記二次容器へ通すことまたは前記液化されたLNGを前記主貯蔵容器へ戻すこととを含むことを特徴とする、請求項16または17に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
- 前記気化したLNGが前記強制気化器から外洋航行LNGタンカーの前記推進装置へ供給されることを特徴とする、請求項11乃至18の何れか1項に記載の天然ガス供給方法。
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EP07352008A EP2072885A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2007-12-21 | Natural gas supply method and apparatus. |
PCT/IB2008/003753 WO2009081278A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-12-19 | Natural gas supply method and apparatus |
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2007
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