EP1849949A2 - Surveillance of the auxiliary contact edges of a sliding swing door - Google Patents

Abstract

Anti-jamming device comprises a switching element (7) and a sensing element assigned to the switching element arranged partially between the inner side (13) of a rail vehicle door (1) and the outer side (16, 16a, 16b) of the vehicle wall (2). Preferred Features: The switching element is surrounded by a support profile (6) made from an elastic material. The sensing element is a component of the support profile. The switching element is arranged as a separate component on the support profile.

Description

The invention relates to a anti-trap device for a vehicle opening, in particular a rail vehicle occlusive or releasing vehicle door, wherein the anti-trap device comprises a preferably held by a carrier profile switching element, by means of which upon detection of a resistance to the vehicle door movement, a control device for interrupting and / or reversing the vehicle door movement is activated, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Anti-jamming devices on vehicle doors, in particular of rail vehicles, are already widely used for the protection of vehicle passengers, their provision in the present field of application usually being prescribed by standards or regulations.

Since one must always assume that not only fully mature and responsible people participate in public transport, but also persons with less awareness of any dangers that the automatic closure of a vehicle door brings with it, such as children, age-related demented or mentally inferior or alcoholized Persons, it requires special protection measures to safely protect the passengers of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle from being trapped by body parts or entrained objects.

In addition to the mentioned group of persons, those individuals who intentionally harm themselves also participate lead and sabotage of the proper operation of the vehicle door, a provision of special anti-jamming measures necessary. For example, the arresting jamming of an object between the vehicle door and a vehicle portal or a vehicle wall is to be prevented.

Even with crowding among the passengers or in the case of a passenger who is in a hurry and would like to stop an already closing vehicle door, it can happen that limbs or carried objects of such passengers are suddenly caught and squeezed by the vehicle door.

For these reasons, it is provided that the vehicle door has a switching element which, upon detection of a resistant resistance to the vehicle door movement, activates a control device which either stops or stops the vehicle door movement or can be reversed by a drive reversal.

The critical areas of a vehicle door, which require monitoring, are referred to in the present application as Hauptschließkante, Nebenschließkante and edge closing edge, which is the main closing edge to those mostly vertical, normal to the main movement direction of the vehicle door extending edge between the vehicle portal or vehicle wall and vehicle door , in the direction of which the opened vehicle door is guided during its closing movement. Since rail vehicles in most cases have a double door, that is to say a vehicle door composed of two symmetrical door leaves, the main closing edge is usually that vertical edge on which the two door leaves meet at the center of the passage opening at the end of their closing movement.

As Nebenschließkante that mostly vertical, normal to the main direction of movement of the vehicle door extending edge is referred to, which is located opposite the main closing edge. This is therefore that edge between the vehicle portal or vehicle wall and the vehicle door, in the direction of which the closed vehicle door is guided during its opening movement.

At the secondary closing edge, the vehicle door in the closed state contacts the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall or is inclined at a slight distance.

Finally, as edge closing edges those in the jargon while also referred to as "Nebenschließkanten" understood, however, at this point for better differentiation provided with a self-naming, mostly horizontal edges understood, which correspond substantially to the clear width of the passage opening in the vehicle wall or in the vehicle portal and which connect the vertical main and secondary closing edges with each other, wherein in that area also the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall are contacted by the vehicle door. In this case, an upper, over-head height and a lower, substantially running at foot level edge closing edge are distinguished from each other.

The surfaces of the vehicle door and of the vehicle portal or of the vehicle wall which are opposite one another and which face one another at main, secondary and edge closing edges, which essentially correspond to the thickness of these components, are referred to below as end faces.

The closing of the vehicle door is usually sealing, to external influences acting on the vehicle Keep wind, rain and dust away from the vehicle interior. For this reason, the vehicle door is usually provided with a circumferential on the front sides sealing profile made of rubber. Likewise, that region of the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall which forms the passage opening can also be equipped with a sealing profile which contacts the vehicle door in the region of said edges or the front side.

Although various protection devices exist, by means of which a reliable anti-trap on the main closing edge of the vehicle door is achieved, the protective measures, by means of which an anti-trap at the side and edge closing edges of the vehicle door is guaranteed, very often prove to be deficient in their detection security.

In particular, during the Öffenbewegung, but also during the closing movement may occur that limbs or carried objects of passengers in a free area between the vehicle door and the outside of the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall consciously or unconsciously come to rest and from the vehicle door in the course of their Motion captured and squeezed.

Since the vehicle door during its opening and closing movement not only moved linearly, but mostly pivoted or lifted to the opening in the normal direction to the clear width of the through hole from the through hole and then transported substantially parallel to the vehicle wall in its open position (and vice versa the closing movement), resulting in the passenger some significant hazards.

For example, if a passenger carried in the vehicle while the vehicle door is still closed his hand in the Nebenschließkante supported directly on the vehicle portal or on the vehicle wall and thereby engages with his fingers an uncovered and thus accessible portion of the outside of the vehicle portal, the accident-prone situation could occur that his fingers are detected when the opening movement of the vehicle door of this by the fingers be squeezed between the inside of the vehicle door and the outside of the vehicle wall or the vehicle portal. An arranged only in the area between the outside and inside of the vehicle door switching element, such as from EP 1 288 420 B1 namely, such clamped limbs or objects would normally not recognize and cause any stopping or reversing the vehicle door movement, so that the opening movement of the vehicle door without regard to the trapped fingers continued and sometimes serious injury to the passenger would be effected.

Particularly tricky may prove to be the situation that a passenger carried in a closed vehicle shortly after the opening of the vehicle door with his fingers in a still inaccessible when the vehicle door between the vehicle portal and the vehicle portal facing end face of the vehicle door engages. This still inaccessible with the vehicle door closed area is suddenly accessible for a short time, for example, when a first door drive lifts the vehicle door in the normal direction to the passage opening from the passage opening and then uses a second door drive, which completes the vehicle door in continuation of the horizontal opening movement parallel to the vehicle wall in their Opening position brings.

In particular, narrow limbs such as children's hands, or even items carried by passengers such as hand straps, Leashes or textiles could be trapped in such cases, without this registering a center of the front of the vehicle door arranged switching element.

The same scenario is also conceivable in the opposite case as when the vehicle door opens, namely at already opened, currently closing vehicle door and a thoughtless donning of limbs directly to the vehicle portal end face or to the outside of the vehicle portal. Even in such a case, a switching element arranged centrally in the front of the vehicle door would not be able to ensure reliable detection of the clamped limbs since they are detected by the vehicle door in a "blind" region of the switching element.

If arranged in the middle of the front side of the vehicle door switching element should finally detect such a pinched hand due to extreme distortion of the switching element comprehensive carrier profile, so must be assumed at the time in which reversing the vehicle door movement is initiated, that the hand the passenger has already suffered a significant contraction or even an irreversible injury.

In the same way as described on the basis of the secondary closing edges, there is also a realistic danger in the area of the upper and lower edge closing edges of the pinching of limbs or objects not detected by the switching element.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to avoid these disadvantages and a anti-trap device for vehicle doors and a method for detecting in the course of the opening and / or Closing movement of a vehicle door to create trapped objects or body parts, by which an increased anti-trap protection is ensured.

In particular, trapping of objects or limbs should be reliably prevented at secondary closing edges and edge closing edges of vehicle doors and vehicle walls or vehicle portals.

This object is achieved by a device having the characterizing features of claim 1 and a method having the characterizing features of claim 19.

The generic anti-pinch device is used to monitor a passage opening in a vehicle wall or a vehicle door, in particular a rail vehicle and comprises a switching element by means of which a control device for interrupting and / or reversing the vehicle door movement can be activated upon detection of a resistance to the vehicle door movement. The switching element is preferably held by a carrier profile or inserted into such. According to the invention, the switching element or a sensing element which mediates a resistance to the switching element and is viewed in the open position of the vehicle door is arranged at least partially between the inside of the vehicle door and the outside of the vehicle wall or the outside of a vehicle portal arranged on the vehicle wall.

In this way, a large safety gain is achieved in closing devices on vehicles. Possibly during the opening or closing movement of the vehicle door between the inside of the vehicle door and the outside of the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall advising body parts of passengers or carried by these objects According to the device arrangement according to the invention immediately and reliably detected even before they are damaged or impaired.

Providing a anti-trap device according to the invention, the risk of accidents in the course of the opening or closing movement of vehicle doors is considerably reduced, so that passengers of all ages can be safely transported in a vehicle and participate in public transport. Even possible vandalism can be obstructed using a anti-pinch device according to the invention by a wanton jamming of vehicle doors is now largely prevented.

According to the characterizing features of claim 2, the switching element is encased by a carrier profile, which consists of preferably elastic material. Solcherart form switching element and carrier profile preferably an integral component, which can be easily mounted at a designated location. The switching element also experiences through the carrier profile additional protection against moisture and dirt. In particular, to ensure the elasticity of the carrier profile that contacted by the switching element in the course of the vehicle door movement resistances such as limbs uncomfortable or contacted if necessary, pressure-sensitive objects are not damaged.

The switching element associated, this one resistance mediating sensing element is due to the characterizing features of claim 3 part of the carrier profile. In addition to the advantage of a component reduction no breakthroughs for leading to the switching element sensing element must be provided in this way on the support profile and a Switching element within the carrier profile receiving hollow chamber can remain reliably sealed against the environment.

In addition to a described sheath of the switching element, however, it is also possible according to the characterizing features of claim 4, to arrange the switching element externally of the carrier profile, namely as a separate component on the carrier profile. Depending on the application, this results in a simplified mounting option or retrofittability of the anti-trap device.

The switching element or the carrier profile according to the invention is preferably arranged according to claim 5 on the secondary closing edge and / or according to claim 6 at the edge closing edges of the vehicle door or the vehicle wall. The secondary closing edge is that substantially normal to the main direction of movement of the vehicle door running, so usually vertical edge between the vehicle door and vehicle portal or vehicle wall (in the closed state), in the direction of the vehicle door is moved at the opening. The edge closing edge is a substantially the clear width of the passage opening corresponding horizontal edge, which is arranged between the vehicle door and the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall. Here, an upper and a lower edge closing edge are distinguished. The edge closing edges form in the manner already described in the introduction a connecting line between the main closing edge and the secondary closing edge.

Although the passage opening is generally released in the horizontal direction of the vehicle door in serving general passenger transport, so it is possible, for example in freight transport, especially in the case of aircraft or truck hatches that the vehicle door for the purpose of releasing the passage opening is moved in the vertical direction and it would act in this case at the minor closing edge to a horizontal edge and the edge closing edges by two vertical edges.

Basically, there are two main possibilities of the arrangement of the anti-pinch device according to the invention. In addition to a described in claim 14 arrangement of the switching element on the vehicle wall or on the vehicle portal, the switching element or the sensing element is attached in a preferred embodiment variant according to the characterizing features of claim 7 to the vehicle door. Trapped body parts or objects can thus be detected immediately from the beginning of the vehicle door movement and an interruption or reversion of this vehicle door movement can be initiated.

The switching element or the sensing element associated with the switching element are in this case arranged according to the characterizing features of claim 8 on the vehicle door that project that at least partially over the pointing in the direction of the vehicle interior inside of the vehicle door. If the vehicle door is stepped on its inner side facing the vehicle interior, it may be necessary to monitor a plurality of accident-prone surface portions of the inside of the vehicle door. In the case of a provision of gradations in the cross section of the vehicle door and thus a discontinuous course of the inside of the vehicle door, the switching element or the sensing element is in a preferred embodiment, at least over that area or gradation of the inside, which relative to the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall in Course of the opening and closing movement of the vehicle door has the smallest distance.

For arranging the anti-pinch device on the vehicle door, in turn, there are several possibilities to stably position the switching element and to effectively observe pinch-endangered areas between the vehicle door and vehicle portal or vehicle wall. In a preferred embodiment according to the characterizing features of claim 9, the switching element or the carrier profile is at least partially attached to the inside of the vehicle door.

Another alternative is according to the characterizing features of claim 10, an at least partial attachment of the switching element on the front side of the vehicle door, ie at a clear width of the passage opening substantially normal, the outside of the vehicle door with the inside connecting surface. As particularly robust proves an arrangement of the switching element on or within a both the front side and the inside of the vehicle door embracing carrier profile, which also acts as a finger protection profile. The arrangement of finger protection profiles in the form of rubber hoses is usually provided on standard vehicle doors as standard.

In order to ensure a seal of the vehicle interior against the dirt and moisture that penetrates from the outside, the carrier profile is provided with at least one sealing lip, which protrudes beyond the switching element in the direction of movement of the vehicle door and a non-positive sealing of the secondary closing edge of the vehicle door with the vehicle portal or a vehicle Vehicle portal associated stop element or with the vehicle wall causes. The sealing lip preferably forms an integral component with the carrier profile However, it can also be designed as a separate component attached to the carrier profile by means of conventional joining techniques, such as hot glueing. The sealing effect is thus achieved solely by the effect of the force exerted by the vehicle door contact pressure, without the sealing lip is inflated or otherwise brought into its sealing position.

According to the characterizing features of claim 12, according to which the sealing lip is designed to be multi-limbed and preferably fork-shaped, a better elasticity and sealing effect of the sealing lip is achieved.

According to the characterizing features of claim 13, the switching element is arranged in a portion of the carrier profile, which has no immediate sealing function with respect to the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall. In this way, the risk is avoided that the switching element would report a misdetection in the case of a sealing contact of the carrier profile or its sealing lip with the vehicle portal or with the vehicle wall.

As an alternative to the previously described arrangement of the anti-pinch device according to the invention on the vehicle door, it can also be fastened to the vehicle wall or to the vehicle portal or to a stop element assigned to the vehicle portal according to the characterizing features of claim 14. This arrangement variant also provides a reliable possibility for detecting body parts or objects clamped between the inside of the vehicle door and the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall and initiating an interruption or reversion of the current vehicle door movement. In this arrangement, a reliable detection of trapped body parts or objects is independent of the presence above-described indentations or gradations on the inside of the vehicle door. Even if a passenger thus adhering to a provided in the middle of the vehicle door indented portion of the vehicle door and this section or formed by him edged gradation approaching in the course of the vehicle door opening movement of the vehicle portal or the vehicle wall and thus the fingers of the passenger squeezed, so there was still a safe detection of the detected fingers. A provision of a plurality of switching elements on the vehicle interior door in the case of a discontinuously configured inside or cross-sectional area of the vehicle door can thus be dispensed with.

The abovementioned stop element is a component associated with the vehicle portal and fastened thereto by means of conventional joining techniques, which, according to the characterizing features of claim 15, is designed as a substantially vertically extending profiled strip, preferably as an L profile. Such an L-profile is referred to in technical jargon as a sealing angle.

In all arrangement variants, the switching element and / or the carrier profile according to the characterizing features of claim 16 may be in the form of a bar or a hose. By means of the inguinal or tubular form, sections of the closing edges of arbitrary length can be monitored in an efficient manner with regard to pinched body parts or objects.

Already in use vehicle doors or vehicle portals or vehicle walls are easy to retrofit in this way with an anti-pinch device according to the invention.

In order to realize an increased monitoring protection, it is provided according to the characterizing features of claim 17 to arrange a plurality of switching elements or carrier profiles, which may be attached to either the vehicle door or on the vehicle wall or on the vehicle portal or on the stop element.

In order to ensure a rapid response of the anti-trap device, it is the switching element according to the characterizing features of claim 18 is an electrically, pneumatically, magnetically, capacitively or optically actuated sensor.

Claim 19 describes an inventive method for detecting in the course of the opening and / or closing movement of a vehicle door, in particular rail vehicles, trapped objects or body parts, wherein depending on the detection interruption and / or reversing the vehicle door movement can be initiated. According to the invention, provision is made for the objective detection between the vehicle door and the outside of a vehicle portal or a vehicle wall. Conventional anti-pinch systems on vehicle doors are expanded by observing this area with regard to their detection reliability. In particular at secondary and peripheral closing edges of vehicle doors, the accident scenario of a body part or object jammed during the opening or closing movement between the vehicle door and vehicle portal or vehicle wall is reliably excluded. According to the characterizing features of claim 20, the detection is carried out in such a method using a possibility of embodiment of the anti-trap device according to the invention according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 18.

According to the characterizing features of claim 21, the objective detection takes place between the vehicle door and the outside of the vehicle portal by means of light barriers. By using such a non-contact detection method, the use of wear-prone mechanical detection sensors can be eliminated and, in addition, a minimum response time of the anti-pinch device can be realized.

Fig.1

eine schematische Darstellung einer einflügeligen Fahrzeugtür in Frontansicht

Fig.2

eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiflügeligen Fahrzeugtür in Frontansicht

Fig.3

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt A-A aus Fig.2 in geschlossener Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

Fig.4

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt B-B aus Fig.2 in öffnender Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

Fig.5

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt A-A aus Fig.2 in geschlossener Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

Fig.6

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt A-A aus Fig.2 in geschlossener Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

Fig.7

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt B-B aus Fig.2 in geschlossener Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

Fig.8

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einklemmschutzvorrichtung gemäß Schnitt B-B aus Fig.2 in geschlossener Stellung der Fahrzeugtür

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. Showing:

Fig.1

a schematic representation of a single-winged vehicle door in front view

Fig.2

a schematic representation of a two-winged vehicle door in front view

Figure 3

a detailed view of a anti-trap device according to the invention according to section AA of Figure 2 in the closed position of the vehicle door

Figure 4

a detailed representation of an anti-pinch device according to the invention according to section BB of Figure 2 in the opening position of the vehicle door

Figure 5

a detailed view of a anti-trap device according to the invention according to section AA of Figure 2 in the closed position of the vehicle door

Figure 6

a detailed view of a anti-trap device according to the invention according to section AA of Figure 2 in the closed position of the vehicle door

Figure 7

a detailed view of a anti-trap device according to the invention according to section BB of Figure 2 in the closed position of the vehicle door

Figure 8

a detailed view of a anti-trap device according to the invention according to section BB of Figure 2 in the closed position of the vehicle door

1 shows a schematic front view of a vehicle door 1 used in a passage opening 3 of a vehicle wall 2, which can be opened and closed by means of a door drive (not shown). On the vehicle door 1, an upper actuating lever 21 and a lower guide device 22, a rotary column connecting them 25, and a push button 23 and a transparent plate 24 can be seen. Upon actuation of a push button 23, the vehicle door 1 is lifted out of the passage opening 3 via a door drive, not shown, and the lower guide device 22, which engages in a guide rail 39 fastened to the vehicle door 1, and is guided substantially parallel to the vehicle wall 2 (main movement direction), until the passage opening 3 is fully released.

Along the edge regions of the vehicle door 1, a main closing edge 9, a secondary closing edge 10, and an upper edge closing edge 11 and a lower edge closing edge 12 are shown. In general, all differentiated edges are simply referred to as "closing edges".

The main closing edge 9 is that vertical edge from which, starting from the opening vehicle door 1 an ever-increasing area of the passage opening 3. As shown in Figure 1, this means that the vehicle door 1 is opened to the right.

Since rail vehicles in most cases have a double door, shown in FIG. 2, composed of two symmetrically arranged vehicle doors 1, the main closing edge 9 is usually that vertical edge on which the two vehicle doors 1 are usually at the end of their closing movement in the middle of the passage opening 3 meet.

Opposite the main closing edge 9, the likewise vertical side closing edge 10 is arranged, in the direction of which the door moves during its opening.

Finally, as marginal closing edges those in technical jargon also referred to as "secondary closing edges", but at this point for the purpose of better differentiation provided with a self-designated naming, mostly horizontal edges understood that correspond to the clear width of the passage opening 3 substantially. An upper edge closing edge 11 and a lower edge closing edge 12 are thus those horizontal edges which connect the main closing edge 9 and the side closing edge 10 in their upper and lower end regions.

3 shows, according to the sectional guidance A-A from FIG. 2, a detailed representation of an anti-pinch device according to the invention, which is arranged in the region of the secondary closing edge 10.

In this case, the vehicle door 1 has an inner side 13, an outer side 14 and an end face 17 corresponding substantially to the cross-sectional thickness of the vehicle door 1 and separates a vehicle interior 26 from an outer space 27 surrounding the vehicle. A carrier profile 6 is arranged on the front side 17 of the vehicle door 1 , which consists of elastic material such as rubber and serves as a finger guard. The carrier profile 6 may be secured to the vehicle door 1 by conventional joining techniques such as screwing, riveting or gluing. According to FIG. 3, the carrier profile 6 has, on its side facing the front side 17 of the vehicle door 1, a mushroom-shaped attachment lug 20, which via an insertion opening 28 on the front side 17 of the vehicle door 1 into a profile chamber 19 inserted and locked in such a way with the vehicle door 1. As can also be seen, an extension 29 of the carrier profile 6 still extends beyond the end face 17 of the vehicle door 1 and extends along a section of the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 in order to give the carrier profile 6 a better grip on the vehicle door 1.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the closed vehicle door 1 is enclosed by a vehicle portal 4 arranged on the vehicle wall 2. This has an outer side 16a, an inner side 15a and a portal end face 18, to which a sealing element 5 designed as a stop element is attached. The stop element or the sealing angle 5 is assigned to the vehicle portal 4 and also has an outside space 27 zuweisende outside 16 b.

The carrier profile 6 further has a fork-shaped or polypen-shaped sealing lip 8, by means of which a sealing contact is made from the vehicle door 1 to the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5. Although this contact of the vehicle door 1 or the sealing lip 8 in the illustrated embodiment always takes place on the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5, so likewise acting on a contact on the outside 16a of the vehicle portal 4 or on the outside 16 of the vehicle wall 2 can be assumed and realized ,

In the lower region of the carrier profile 6, a switching element 7 is arranged, which, viewed in the open position of the vehicle door 1 (see Figure 4), according to the invention at least partially between the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the outer side 16 of the vehicle wall 2 or the outer side 16 a of Vehicle portal 4, in the present embodiment, between the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5 is arranged. According to the Representation in Figure 4, the vehicle door 1 is not yet in the fully open position, but was currently straight out of the passage opening 3 in the normal direction to the vehicle wall 2 lifted to be guided in this position now substantially parallel to the outside 16 on the vehicle wall 2 (see also the mirror-image directions of movement 31 and 32 of Figure 3).

When switching element 7 is a well-known in the prior art, in the present application of anti-pinch systems on vehicle doors many times used, for example, electrically, pneumatically, magnetically, capacitively or otherwise operable sensor whose internal structure will not be further described at this point should. It is always essential that the switching element 7 has a pressure-sensitive cross-sectional area by means of which a physical resistance or a contacted object or a body part can be detected as quickly as possible. In a detected contact against the vehicle door movement, a control device, not shown, is activated in the sequence, which causes an interruption and / or reversing the vehicle door movement. In a preferred embodiment according to Figure 7, the switching element 7 is sheathed by the carrier profile 6 and therefore protected from moisture and dirt. 8 shows the representation of a tubular hollow chamber 30 in which the switching element 7 (shown only in FIG. 7) is embedded.

However, the switching element 7 may likewise be a light barrier system, by means of which a detection in the observed area between the vehicle door 1 and the outside 16, 16a, 16b of the vehicle portal 4 or the vehicle wall 2 is performed. The use of photoelectric sensors is characterized by a minimal response time and allows an immediate stopping or reversing the vehicle door movement in the event of entrapment.

Since the vehicle door 1 during its opening movement is not permanently in sliding contact with the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5 or the outer side 16a of the vehicle portal 4 or the outer side 16 of the vehicle wall 2, but as a rule by a first actuator in the direction of passage through the Passage opening 3 is lifted and then transported by a second actuator parallel to the vehicle wall 1 in the main direction of movement in their completed open position, comes between the inside 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the designated outer sides 16, 16 a, 16 b during the opening movement (and also during the closing movement) Gap area in which limbs or carried objects of a passenger can be trapped.

For example, a careless passenger or a child playing could still be supported on a marked in Figure 3 with "X" region of the sealing angle 5 with the vehicle door 1 still closed. The switching element 7 is "dead" in the closed position of the vehicle door 1 and is activated only when opening the vehicle door 1 to prevent misdetection in the stationary state of the vehicle door 1 (and also in the open position of the vehicle door 1). Now sets the opening movement of the vehicle door 1 and this is lifted from the first actuator in a first direction of movement 31 from the passage opening 3, so fingers or even the whole hand in those marked with "Y" area above the outside 16b of the sealing angle 5 arrive. In the case of absence of the sealing angle 5, that portion marked "Z" above the outside 16a of FIG Vehicle portal 4, in which limbs or objects of the passenger could get undesirably.

Now, if the vehicle door 1, for example by means of the second actuator, in a second direction of movement 32 parallel to the vehicle wall 2, so it comes between the inside 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5 and the outer side 16a of the vehicle portal 4 to a Pinching the passenger's fingers with potentially serious consequences.

It is also possible, by means of a single actuator and a suitable slotted guide perform a pivotal movement of the vehicle door 1 in a direction of movement 33 indicated with the vehicle door 1 also at more or less close distance to the designated, accident-prone areas "X", " Y "and" Z "is passed.

In this case, a switching element 7 arranged only on the front side 17 of the vehicle door 1 would not be able to reliably detect a body part or object clamped in the described manner by the closing mechanism of the vehicle door 1.

Likewise, there is a realistic risk of entrapment for outside of the still closed vehicle door, so waiting in the outer space 27 passengers who want to enter the vehicle interior 26 on the said outer side 16 of the vehicle wall 2, the outer side 16 a of the vehicle portal 4 and the outer side 16 b of the sealing angle. Namely opens the vehicle door 1 and puts a passenger his hand flat against the outside 16 of the vehicle wall 2 or to the outside 16a of the vehicle portal 4, possibly even to the outside 16b of the sealing angle 5, so the circumstance occur that portions of the hand or even the entire hand between the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 and one of said outer sides 16, 16a or 16b is squeezed.

According to the accident scenarios described are however reliably prevented by in the manner shown in Figure 4 that area between the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5 and the outer side 16a of the vehicle portal 4 and the outer side 16 of the vehicle wall is brought into the focus of monitoring by a projecting into this area switching element 7.

Likewise, it is ensured by the inventive arrangement of the switching element 7 that a possibly between the vehicle door 1 and the portal end face 18 or a portal end face 18 substantially parallel surface of the sealing angle 5 clamped body part or object is reliably detected, as arranged according to the invention Switching element 7 during the opening movement of the vehicle door 1 also covers and monitors those objective area on the vehicle portal 4 / sealing angle 5 / vehicle wall 2.

Conversely to the described sequence of movements during the opening of the vehicle door 1, that is to say inversely to the designated directions of movement 31, 32 and 33, the guidance of the vehicle door 1 takes place during a closing movement of the vehicle door 1, wherein the same danger zones are again relevant with regard to entrapment of body parts or objects. as described during the opening movement of the vehicle door 1 (areas "X", "Y" and "Z"). For example, a child in the open position of the vehicle door 1, the now accessible outside 16b of the sealing angle 5 or the outside 16a of the vehicle portal 4 with his fingers include and in this case are trapped during the shooting movement of the vehicle door 1. In order to prevent this accident scenario, it proves to be favorable in such case, the switching element 7 in accordance with the invention also on the (not apparent in Figure 3) main closing edge 9 of the vehicle door 1 in the vehicle interior 26 facing position to order immediately at the onset of Closing movement now monitored in reverse order from the switching element 7 abgerichenen areas "Z", "Y" and "X". Such arranged on the main closing edge 9 of the vehicle door 1 switching element 7 can be arranged at the same height of the front side 17 of the vehicle door 1 as the switching element 7 shown in Figure 3, but in a mirror-inverted imaginary projected beyond the left sheet side arrangement.

Even during the closing movement, the closing edges of the vehicle door 1 can therefore be reliably monitored.

Equivalent to the manner described by means of secondary closing edge monitoring, the upper and lower edge closing edges 11 and 12 of the vehicle door 1 can also be monitored and pinching of body parts or objects reliably prevented.

It has proven particularly favorable to arrange the switching element 7, as shown in FIG. 3, in the region of a corner joint 34 formed between the inner side 13 and the end face 17 of the vehicle door 1, the switching element 7 preferably projecting obliquely into the vehicle interior 26 or in the direction of movement of the vehicle door 1 is inclined at the opening.

The sealing lip 8 is, seen in the direction of movement of the vehicle door 1, via the switching element 7 and causes a frictional sealing of the vehicle door 1 with the sealing angle 5. The sealing effect is thus achieved solely by the effect of the pressure exerted by the vehicle door 1 contact pressure, without the sealing lip 8 inflated as in existing closure devices according to the prior art or otherwise in their sealing Position would have to be brought.

The sealing lip 8 forms with the carrier profile 6 preferably an integral component made of uniform material, but can also be designed as a separate, attached to the support section 6 by means of conventional bonding techniques such as hot bonding component made available specially for sealing purposes material.

In order to rule out that the switching element 7 in the case of a sealing contact of the carrier profile 6 and the sealing lip 8 with a vehicle wall 2 associated component of the control device would falsely forward a detection of a trapped object, the switching element 7 is preferably arranged in a portion of the support section 6 which has no immediate sealing function with respect to the vehicle portal 4 or the sealing angle 5 or the vehicle wall 2 held.

It is also possible to assign the switching element 7 a (not shown) sensing element which is directly connected to the switching element 7 or contacts this, but projects beyond this in the desired direction and this, for example via direct pressure detection of a resistor for the purpose of triggering the control device mediates. The preferably made of elastic material sensing element may in this case for example in the form of a plunger, a knob or a pin be formed and in the means of the switching element 7 to be monitored Area between the vehicle door 1 and the outside 16, 16 a of the vehicle portal 4 and the vehicle wall 2 protrude.

The advantage of the provision of a sensing element is, inter alia, that the switching element 7 does not have to be exposed, but can remain embedded in the carrier profile 6 in a protected and shock-resistant manner, whereas only one or more sensing elements project from the carrier profile 6 and into the region between the Vehicle door 1 and the outside 16, 16 a of the vehicle portal 4 and the vehicle wall 2 protrude. In a preferred embodiment, the sensing element is an integral part of the carrier profile, so that no breakthroughs for the leading to the switching element 7 sensing element must be provided on the support profile and the switching element 7 within the support section 6 receiving hollow chamber 30 completely sealed against the environment herandringendem dust or moisture can stay.

In the sense of a simple retrofittability of existing vehicle door locking systems, the switching element 7 can also be arranged externally of the serving as a finger guard carrier profile 6, as shown in Figures 3 to 6, at a selected position. The switching element 7 can in this case be provided with a (not further characterized) sheath of more or less elastic material to ensure sufficient shock resistance and protection for contacted limbs or objects.

However, the switching element 7 need not, as shown in the figure-specific embodiments, be arranged on an existing, performing a sealing effect carrier profile 6, but may also be arranged adjacent to such, for example, directly to a Exposed surface of the vehicle door 1, in particular on the inner side 13 or the end face 17 of the vehicle door. 1

If the vehicle door 1 is stepped at its inner side facing the vehicle interior 26 or has an irregular cross section, then the switching element 7 or the sensing element according to a preferred embodiment at least over that surface or gradation of the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1, which relative to the vehicle portal 4 or to the sealing angle 5 or the vehicle wall 2 (in particular in the marked according to Figure 3 with "X", "Y" and "Z" areas) in the course of the opening and closing movement of the vehicle door 1 has the smallest distance and thus is to be regarded as a potential contact point in the case of a possible entrapment of an object or body part.

If necessary, e.g. at one and then again in the direction of the vehicle interior 26 bulging inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1, in the region of that recalculating edge another switching element 7 may be arranged to eliminate this source of danger of entrapment. In any case, ideally all danger-prone surface portions of the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 must be monitored by means of a switching element 7, which could pinch a body part or object between the vehicle portal 4 or the sealing angle 5 or the vehicle wall 2.

In addition to a previously described arrangement of the switching element 7 on the vehicle door 1, the switching element 7 according to the invention can also be arranged on the vehicle wall 2 or on the vehicle portal 4, in particular on the sealing angle 5 of the vehicle portal 4 (see Figure 6). Again, the switching element 7 protrudes (in the imaginary open position of Vehicle door 1) in a region between the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 and the outer side 16b of the sealing angle 5 and the outer side 16a of the vehicle portal 4, respectively. Likewise, a switching element 7 could also be arranged on the outside 16 of the vehicle wall 2.

Since in this arrangement manner of the switching element 7, a detection of trapped body parts or objects regardless of the presence of indentations or gradations on the inside 13 of the vehicle door 1, a providence of multiple switching elements 7 on the vehicle interior door 1 in such a case directly in the accident-prone area is arranged statically Switching element 7 no longer necessary.

Although the passage opening 3 is released at generally suitable for general passenger vehicles usually by means of a moving in the horizontal direction vehicle door 1, it is for example in freight transport, especially in the case of aircraft, ship or truck hatches possible that the vehicle door 1 for the purpose of release the passage opening 3 is moved in the vertical direction and it would act in this case at the minor closing edge 10 and the main closing edge 9 by respective horizontal edges and at the edge closing edges 11, 12 by two vertical edges (since the vehicle door assembly shown in the present embodiment, so to speak, by 90 ° " was pivoted ").

Regardless of the described arrangement variants, it proves to be advantageous to perform the switching element 7 and / or the carrier profile 6 in the form of a bar or a hose to retrofit already in use vehicle doors 1 or vehicle portals 4 and vehicle walls 2 with an anti-trap device according to the invention.

By means of the inguinal or tubular form, sections of the closing edges of arbitrary length can be monitored in an efficient manner. For example, a single tubular carrier profile 6 / switching element 7, starting from the upper edge closing edge 11, extend over the secondary closing edge 10 and finally over the lower edge closing edge 12 and thus cover three sides of the vehicle door 1 and according to the invention the space between the vehicle door and the outside of the Monitor vehicle portal or the vehicle wall. Of course, a tubular or strip-shaped carrier profile 6 / switching element 7 can also be arranged circumferentially around the closing edges of the vehicle door 1 or the vehicle portal 4 or the passage opening 3 and in this case cover all four closing edges.

In Figure 6 and Figure 7 shows how several switching elements 7 are arranged simultaneously in the vicinity of the secondary closing edge 10, wherein according to Figure 7 even on both the (movable) side of the vehicle door 1 and on the (immovable) side of the vehicle wall 2, in the specific embodiment of the vehicle portal 4 and the stop element 5, a switching element 7 is provided. Regardless of the construction shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 is a variety of other arrangement variations of the switching elements 7 conceivable, which are each adapted to the specific geometry of individual vehicle doors 1 together with these associated closing and stop devices.

By arranging a plurality of, preferably along the entire respective closing edge switching elements extending switching elements 7 all neuralgic points of a locking device can be monitored and an accident situation are excluded with greatest likelihood.

In the figures 7 and 8, which show a detailed representation of the anti-trap device according to the invention according to section BB of Figure 2, in addition to the measures described to improve the anti-trap protection nor a cover 35 is provided, which covers the entire area of the stop between the vehicle door 1 and vehicle wall. 2 covered by the vehicle interior 26. On directly to the inside 13 of the vehicle door 1 facing end portion 38 of the cover 35, a closure element 36, preferably a brush is attached. The closing element 36 is either in sliding contact with the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 or is closely spaced therefrom.

In this way, the secondary closing edge 10 encompassing shelter 37 is separated from the vehicle interior 26, and made largely inaccessible to a passenger located in the passenger compartment 26, although overcoming the offered by the final element 36 resistance or a wanton Hindurchangen by this under effort corresponding force application still possible is and therefore must be taken into account in terms of safety.

In a particular embodiment, on the inner side 13 of the vehicle door 1 facing end portion 38 of the cover 35 is also a switching element 7 is mounted or the closing element 36 designed as a switching element 7.

Basically, the subject matter of the invention relates to an arrangement of the anti-pinch device, in particular at the side closing edge 10 and the edge closing edges 11, 12 of a vehicle door 1. If necessary, however, an arrangement of the anti-pinch device according to the invention on the main closing edge 9 of the vehicle door 1 may be advantageous to the reliability and the Anti-jamming of vehicle doors 1 increase.

For the unusual in practice, but theoretically possible case that the vehicle door 1 during its opening movement is not shown as previously shown, along the outside 16 of the vehicle wall 2, but along the inside 15, the previously described vice versa applies. In such a case, a detection of jammed objects or body parts between the outer side 14 of the vehicle door 1 and an inner side 15 a of the vehicle portal 4 and the vehicle wall 2 would be made and the switching element 7 would have to be aligned accordingly and protrude into that area.

Claims (21)

An anti-trap device for a vehicle door (1) which closes or releases a passage opening (3) in a vehicle wall (2), in particular a rail vehicle, wherein the anti-jam device comprises a switching element (7) preferably held by a carrier profile (6), by means of which a detection device is used Resistance to the vehicle door movement, a control device for interrupting and / or reversing the vehicle door movement is activated, characterized in that in the open position of the vehicle door (1), the switching element (7) or the switching element (7) associated sensing element at least partially between the inside ( 13) of the vehicle door (1) and the outer side (16, 16a, 16b) of the vehicle wall (2) or on the vehicle wall (2) arranged vehicle portal (4) is arranged. Anti-trap device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (7) is encased by a carrier profile (6) of preferably elastic material. Anti-trap device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensing element is part of the carrier profile (6). Anti-trap device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (7) is arranged as a separate component on the carrier profile (6). Anti-trap device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the carrier profile (6) is arranged in the region of the vertical side of the passage opening designated as the secondary closing edge (10), in the direction of which the vehicle door is moved when it is opened. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the carrier profile (6) in the region of an upper and / or a lower, horizontal and substantially the clear width of the passage opening (3) corresponding Randschließkante ( 11, 12) of the vehicle door (1) or the vehicle wall (2) is arranged. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the sensing element is attached to the vehicle door (1). An anti-jamming device according to claim 7, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the sensing element (7) associated sensing element at least partially over the pointing in the direction of the vehicle interior inside (13) of the vehicle door (1) protrudes. Anti-trap device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the carrier profile (6) is at least partially fixed to the inside (13) of the vehicle door (1). Anti-trap device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the switching element (7) or the carrier profile (6) at least partially at one to the clear width of the passage opening (3) in Essentially normally extending end face (17) of the vehicle door (1) is attached. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the carrier profile (6) has at least one sealing lip (8) which, viewed in the direction of movement of the vehicle door (1), protrudes beyond the switching element (7) and provides a frictional sealing of the secondary closing edge (7). 10) of the vehicle door (1) with the vehicle portal (4) or a vehicle portal (4) associated stop element (5) or with the vehicle wall (2) causes. An anti-trap device according to claim 11, characterized in that the sealing lip (8) is multi-limbed, preferably fork-shaped. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the switching element (7) is arranged in a section of the carrier profile (6) which has no immediate sealing function with respect to the vehicle portal (4) or the vehicle wall (2). Anti-trap device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the switching element (7) on the vehicle wall (2) or on the vehicle portal (4) or on a vehicle portal (4) associated stop element (5) is attached. Anti-trap device according to claim 14, characterized in that it is the stop element (5) is a substantially vertically extending profile strip, preferably an L-profile. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the switching element (7) and / or the carrier profile (6) are designed in the form of a bar or a hose. Anti-trap device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that a plurality of switching elements (7) or carrier profiles (6) are provided, which optionally on the vehicle door (1) or on the vehicle wall (2) or on the vehicle portal (4) or on Stop element (5) are attached. Anti-trap device according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the switching element (7) is an electrically, pneumatically, magnetically, capacitively or optically operable sensor. Method for detecting objects or body parts clamped in the course of the opening and / or closing movement of a vehicle door (1), in particular rail vehicles, whereby interruption and / or reversing of the vehicle door movement can be initiated as a function of the detection, characterized in that the detection of clamped objects or body parts between the vehicle door (1) and the outer side (16, 16a, 16b) of a vehicle portal (4) or a vehicle wall (2) is made. Method for the detection of trapped objects or body parts according to claim 19, characterized in that the detection by means of a Anti-pinching device according to one of claims 1 to 18 is performed. Method for the detection of trapped objects or body parts according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the detection takes place by means of light barriers.

Images