EP1843375B1 - Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1843375B1
EP1843375B1 EP06007167A EP06007167A EP1843375B1 EP 1843375 B1 EP1843375 B1 EP 1843375B1 EP 06007167 A EP06007167 A EP 06007167A EP 06007167 A EP06007167 A EP 06007167A EP 1843375 B1 EP1843375 B1 EP 1843375B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic actuator
yoke
actuator according
magnet core
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06007167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1843375A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dr.-Ing. Reuber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PL06007167T priority Critical patent/PL1843375T3/en
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to ES06007167T priority patent/ES2369372T3/en
Priority to AT06007167T priority patent/ATE515785T1/en
Priority to EP06007167A priority patent/EP1843375B1/en
Priority to RU2008143300/09A priority patent/RU2410783C2/en
Priority to BRPI0710042-6A priority patent/BRPI0710042B1/en
Priority to MX2008012639A priority patent/MX2008012639A/en
Priority to AU2007233934A priority patent/AU2007233934B2/en
Priority to EP07723980A priority patent/EP2005456A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2007/003039 priority patent/WO2007113006A1/en
Priority to UAA200811819A priority patent/UA93899C2/en
Priority to CN2007800112999A priority patent/CN101410923B/en
Publication of EP1843375A1 publication Critical patent/EP1843375A1/en
Priority to US12/245,489 priority patent/US9190234B2/en
Priority to HK09109528.3A priority patent/HK1131254A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1843375B1 publication Critical patent/EP1843375B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/088—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures provided with means for absorbing shocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/641—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium voltage switch, with a core acted upon by a coil, and a movable yoke, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for producing such an actuator, according to the preamble of claim 15th
  • Electromagnetic actuators of this type are widely used. In addition to the application in medium-voltage switches as controlled actuation of the movable contacts, such actuators are also used in machines and in switches.
  • the state of the art in the electromagnetic drive of medium-voltage vacuum circuit breakers are single and double-coil electromagnets.
  • the electromagnet has the function of moving the movable contact of the vacuum chamber towards the fixed contact when it is switched on and, in an overstroke, tensioning a contact pressure spring.
  • the coil of the electromagnet is energized.
  • the switched-on position is then with the help of one or more Permanent magnets held against the force of the contact pressure spring.
  • Current in the coil used as Einschaltspule is then no longer required.
  • a Ausschaltspule is energized in a two-ply actuator, which initially weakens the holding force of Permanente so far that the contact pressure spring can not be maintained and the movable contact opens. In the course of the switch-off, an opening force can be generated by the Ausschaltspule.
  • the deactivation can essentially only be initiated by the coil. The further course of the elimination is then determined by the contact pressure spring and by a separate opening spring.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, an electromagnetic actuator of the type mentioned, in particular for an advantageous use in a medium voltage switch to the effect that a compact design is achieved at the same time high actuator force.
  • Core of the invention here is that this rectangular core is combined with a round, ie rotationally symmetrical yoke.
  • a magnetic core is rectangular and has a fixed width and a variable depth. Since the core is built up of layered sheets, the depth can be adjusted by the number of sheets. Lateral fixings, bearings and axle can be taken over. Only the permanent magnets and the bobbins are to be adapted to the size of the core via a length variant.
  • the present invention Compared to a two-pulley actuator, the present invention - as well as existing single-coil actuators - has the advantages of reduced size and reduced weight. This is essentially because only one coil and only one magnetic circuit are needed. Compared to existing single-coil actuators, the present invention enables a simple adjustment of the magnet size to the rated short-circuit currents to be controlled by medium-voltage circuit breakers in the grid of 12.5-16-20-25-31.5-40 and 50 kA. It is primarily necessary to change the holding force of the actuator by changing the air gap area.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the yoke can be rotated on the axis in a thread so as to be able to adjust the stroke of the magnetic actuator steplessly. Again, the advantage of using a single actuator for a variety of applications that differ by a different switching stroke.
  • a particularly compact device can be realized if the drive is arranged directly below the switching pole to be driven, waiving levers and deflections.
  • the direct coupling meets the quality of the path / time characteristic of the drive, which is then free of disturbing influences of spring stiffness and lots of a more complicated drive system.
  • the actuator is placed directly underneath the vacuum interrupter chamber of a medium-voltage switch, and acts directly on the contact rod. This is a good and fast Kaftein Sign accomplished.
  • the actuator switches several switching chambers simultaneously via coupling elements.
  • the actuator drives the switching chamber or the switching chambers via lever elements. For certain types of switch this is necessary. Due to the advantageously achieved high actuation forces, this is also possible.
  • the hub can be changed via a geometrical design change of the yoke on the actuating axis.
  • permanent magnets are incorporated in the magnetic core whose magnetization direction is largely parallel to the plane of the air gap.
  • the magnetic circuit is structurally tuned so that a magnetic induction of more than 2 Tesla is present in the air gap.
  • the yoke is fixed on an actuating axis which is displaceable on one side through the magnetic core and is connected on the other side to the contact actuating rod to be switched.
  • a damping pad is arranged between the lower yoke and the underside of the magnetic yoke.
  • At least one spring is provided acting on the actuating axis, which may preferably be a leaf spring.
  • the magnetic core of iron sheets By constructing the magnetic core of iron sheets, the eddy currents induced by flux changes are sufficiently reduced. Also on the addition of silicon in the iron can be omitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an actuator, with an electromagnet 1 with a coil 5, a rectangular magnetic core 2 a round yoke 3.
  • the yoke is mounted on an actuating axis 4, which extends axially through the magnet core 2 axially movable therethrough.
  • FIG. 2 shows a Flußliniendargnagna this electromagnetic actuator.
  • the magnetic core 2 shows the Flußlinienveriank when the system is closed, ie when the round yoke 3 rests on the magnetic core 2.
  • Integrated inside the magnetic core are permanent magnets 6 whose direction of magnetization lies parallel to the air-gap plane.
  • the actuating axis is not shown here, but on her the round yoke 2 and the lower lower yoke 7 are kept spaced apart in this functional manner, as already described above. Hissing small yoke 7 and the magnetic core 2, a damping pad 8 may be arranged.
  • the actuator can therefore be arranged within a switching device.
  • the actuating axis of the actuator is connected to the movable contact of a vacuum interrupter chamber, and acts on this switch-actuating accordingly.
  • This connection can be articulated in a straight line but also via levers.
  • the high magnetic energy permanent magnet materials available commercially e.g., NdFeB, SmCo
  • NdFeB, SmCo The high magnetic energy permanent magnet materials available commercially
  • the permanent magnets were installed with a horizontal polarity. If the river then goes in the leg in the horizontal direction, it is concentrated there. For a given width of the leg so a larger flow can be generated as in the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the leg and with vertical polarization.
  • the present magnetic actuator is designed so that a magnetic induction of more than 2 T is achieved.
  • a second, smaller holding force in the switched-off position of the magnet can be achieved by a second, smaller yoke be generated. This serves to lock the switched-off position of the movable contact of the vacuum chamber, which thus prevents accidental switching on, e.g. is protected by vibration.
  • a damping pad may be inserted, which damps the mechanical abutment of the second yoke on the core at a turn-off. This serves both to avoid vibrations during the attack and a longer life of the entire switching device.
  • magenta core iron sheets with a low silicon content in order to reduce flow changes induced eddy currents.
  • silicon reduces the magnetic polarizability of the material.
  • in the present magnetic actuator iron sheets can be used without addition of silicon.
  • the turn-off spring can not be placed in the center of the magnet, since this would represent a disturbance of the magnetic symmetry, which can be compensated for only one size , Instead, it is intended to place the opening spring outside the magnet.
  • a leaf spring is proposed, which is fastened below the actuator and is laterally supported on the housing of the switching device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The actuator has an electromagnet (1) exhibiting a magnet core (2) with a rectangular profile, and a round upper yoke (3) corresponding to the electromagnet. The actuator is placed directly under a vacuum switching chamber of a middle voltage switch without leverage and deviation and acts directly on a contact rod. A permanent magnet is attached to the magnet core, whose magnetizing direction lies parallel to a plane of an air gap. A damping pad is arranged between a lower yoke and the bottom side of the magnet core. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing an electromagnetic actuator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator, insbesondere für einen Mittelspannungsschalter, mit einem mit einer Spule beaufschlagten Kern, sowie einem beweglichen Joch, gemäß Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Aktuators, gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 15.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium voltage switch, with a core acted upon by a coil, and a movable yoke, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for producing such an actuator, according to the preamble of claim 15th

Elektromagnetische Aktuatoren dieser Art werden vielfältig eingesetzt. Neben der Anwendung in Mittelspannungschaltern als gesteuerte Betätigung der bewegbaren Kontakte, werden solche Aktuatoren auch in Maschinen und in Schaltern eingesetzt.Electromagnetic actuators of this type are widely used. In addition to the application in medium-voltage switches as controlled actuation of the movable contacts, such actuators are also used in machines and in switches.

Stand der Technik beim elektromagnetischen Antrieb von Mittelspannungs-Vakuum-Leistungsschaltern sind ein- und zweispulige Elektromagnete. Der Elektromagnet hat wie oben bereits erwähnt die Funktion, den beweglichen Kontakt der Vakuumkammer bei einer Einschaltung auf den festen Kontakt hin zu bewegen und in einem Überhub eine Kontaktdruckfeder zu spannen.The state of the art in the electromagnetic drive of medium-voltage vacuum circuit breakers are single and double-coil electromagnets. As already mentioned, the electromagnet has the function of moving the movable contact of the vacuum chamber towards the fixed contact when it is switched on and, in an overstroke, tensioning a contact pressure spring.

Um die Bewegung zu starten, wird die Spule des Elektromagneten bestromt. Die eingeschaltete Position wird dann mit Hilfe von einem oder mehreren Permanentmagneten gegen die Kraft der Kontaktdruckfeder gehalten. Strom in der als Einschaltspule verwendeten Spule ist dann nicht mehr erforderlich. Zur Ausschaltung des Schalters wird bei einem zweispuligen Aktuator eine Ausschaltspule bestromt, die die Haltekraft der Permanente zunächst so weit schwächt, dass die Kontaktdruckfeder nicht mehr gehalten werden kann und der bewegliche Kontakt öffnet. Im weiteren Verlauf der Ausschaltbewegung kann durch die Ausschaltspule eine öffnende Kraft erzeugt werden. Bei einem einspuligen Elektromagneten kann durch die Spule die Ausschaltung im wesentlichen nur initiiert werden. Der weitere Verlauf der Ausschaltung wird dann durch die Kontaktdruckfeder sowie durch eine separate Ausschaltfeder bestimmt. Existierende Einspulige Aktuatoren sind oft rotations symmetrisch aufgebaut. Dies verhindert eine einfache Anpassung an einen anderen Bemessungs-Kurzschlussstrom, da für eine Veränderung der Luftspaltfläche ein anderer Durchmesser gewählt werden muss. Damit können alle Teile jeweils nur für eine Baugröße verwendet werden.
Aus der DE 197 51 609 A1 ist breits ein elektromagnetischer Aktuator bekannt, bei welchem auf einem rechteckigen Magnetkreis ein rundes Joch angelegt ist.To start the movement, the coil of the electromagnet is energized. The switched-on position is then with the help of one or more Permanent magnets held against the force of the contact pressure spring. Current in the coil used as Einschaltspule is then no longer required. To switch off the switch a Ausschaltspule is energized in a two-ply actuator, which initially weakens the holding force of Permanente so far that the contact pressure spring can not be maintained and the movable contact opens. In the course of the switch-off, an opening force can be generated by the Ausschaltspule. In the case of a single-coil electromagnet, the deactivation can essentially only be initiated by the coil. The further course of the elimination is then determined by the contact pressure spring and by a separate opening spring. Existing single-coil actuators are often rotationally symmetric. This prevents easy adaptation to another rated short-circuit current, since a different diameter must be selected for a change in the air gap area. This means that all parts can only be used for one size.
From the DE 197 51 609 A1 An electromagnetic actuator is already known in which a circular yoke is applied to a rectangular magnetic circuit.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator der eingangs genannten Art, insbesondere für eine vorteilhafte Verwendung in einem Mittelspannungsschalter dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass eine kompakte Bauform bei gleichzeitig hoher Aktuatorkraft erzielt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object, an electromagnetic actuator of the type mentioned, in particular for an advantageous use in a medium voltage switch to the effect that a compact design is achieved at the same time high actuator force.

Bei einem Aktuator der gattungsgemäßen Art wird die gestellte Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.In an actuator of the generic type, the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen dargestellt.Further advantageous embodiments are shown in the dependent claims.

Kern der Erfindung ist hierbei, dass dieser rechteckige Kem mit einem runden, d.h. rotationssymmetrischen Joch kombiniert wird.Core of the invention here is that this rectangular core is combined with a round, ie rotationally symmetrical yoke.

Der Vorteil im Vergleich zu einem rechteckigen Joch besteht zunächst darin, dass das rotationssymmetrische Joch nicht gegen Verdrehen gesichert werden muss - es erfüllt seine Funktion in jeder Lage in gleicher Weise. Das ist besonders beim Einsatz in Mittelspannungsschaltern von Bedeutung.The advantage compared to a rectangular yoke is first of all that the rotationally symmetrical yoke does not have to be secured against twisting - it fulfills its function in every position in the same way. This is especially important when used in medium-voltage switches.

So kommt es zu einer Kombination eines Magnetkerns der rechteckig ist und eine feste Breite und eine variable Tiefe aufweist. Da der Kern aus geschichteten Blechen aufgebaut wird, kann über die Anzahl der Bleche die Tiefe eingestellt werden. Seitliche Befestigungen, Lager und Achse können übernommen werden. Lediglich die Permanentmagnete und die Spulenkörper sind über eine Längenvariante an die Baugröße des Kerns anzupassen.So it comes to a combination of a magnetic core is rectangular and has a fixed width and a variable depth. Since the core is built up of layered sheets, the depth can be adjusted by the number of sheets. Lateral fixings, bearings and axle can be taken over. Only the permanent magnets and the bobbins are to be adapted to the size of the core via a length variant.

Im Vergleich zu einem zweispuligen Aktuator weist die vorliegende Erfindung - wie auch existierende einspulige Aktuatoren - die Vorteile einer reduzierten Baugröße sowie eines reduzierten Gewichtes auf. Dies liegt im wesentlichen daran, dass nur eine Spule und nur ein magnetischer Kreis benötigt werden. Im Vergleich zu existierenden Einspuligen Aktuatoren ermöglicht die vorliegende Erfindung eine einfache Anpassung der Magnetgröße an die von Mittelspannungs-Leistungsschaltern zu beherrschenden Bemessungs-Kurzschlussströme im Raster von 12,5 - 16 - 20 - 25 - 31,5 - 40 und 50 kA. Dabei ist es in erster Linie erforderlich, die Haltekraft des Aktuators durch Veränderung der Luftspaltfläche zu ändern.Compared to a two-pulley actuator, the present invention - as well as existing single-coil actuators - has the advantages of reduced size and reduced weight. This is essentially because only one coil and only one magnetic circuit are needed. Compared to existing single-coil actuators, the present invention enables a simple adjustment of the magnet size to the rated short-circuit currents to be controlled by medium-voltage circuit breakers in the grid of 12.5-16-20-25-31.5-40 and 50 kA. It is primarily necessary to change the holding force of the actuator by changing the air gap area.

Ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Vorteil besteht darin, dass das Joch auf der Achse in einem Gewinde gedreht werden kann, um so stufenlos den Hub des magnetischen Aktuators einstellen zu können. Auch hier dient der Vorteil der Verwendung eines einzelnen Aktuators für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen, die sich durch einen unterschiedlichen Schalthub unterscheiden.Another advantage of the invention is that the yoke can be rotated on the axis in a thread so as to be able to adjust the stroke of the magnetic actuator steplessly. Again, the advantage of using a single actuator for a variety of applications that differ by a different switching stroke.

Ein besonders kompaktes Gerät kann realisiert werden, wenn der Antrieb direkt unterhalb des anzutreibenden Schaltpols angeordnet wird, unter Verzicht auf Hebel und Umlenkungen. Die direkte Ankoppelung kommt der Qualität der Weg/Zeit Kennlinie des Antriebs entgegen, die dann frei ist von störenden Einflüssen von Federsteifigkeiten und Losen eines komplizierteren Antriebssystems.A particularly compact device can be realized if the drive is arranged directly below the switching pole to be driven, waiving levers and deflections. The direct coupling meets the quality of the path / time characteristic of the drive, which is then free of disturbing influences of spring stiffness and lots of a more complicated drive system.

Es kann allerdings auch die Forderung an den Antrieb bestehen, sich existierenden Konstruktionen anzupassen. Dann ist es auch möglich, einen magnetischen Aktuator über z.B. ein Hebelsystem mit mehreren anzutreibenden Schaltpolen zu verbinden und diese somit gleichzeitig anzutreiben. Die Vorteile liegen hier in der Möglichkeit, über das Hebelverhältnis Kraft und Hub gezielt beeinflussen zu können.However, there may also be the requirement for the drive to adapt to existing designs. Then it is also possible to use a magnetic actuator via e.g. To connect a lever system with several switching poles to be driven and thus drive these simultaneously. The advantages here are the possibility of being able to specifically influence the force and stroke via the lever ratio.

Weiterhin kennzeichnend für die vorliegende Erfindung ist die Verwendung einer hohen Kraftdichte. Bei einem vorgegebenen Bauraum, insbesondere bei einer begrenzten Fläche am magnetischen Luftspalt, können höchste magnetische Kräfte erzielt werden, indem

  1. 1) die Fläche der Permanentmagnete nicht durch die vorgegebene Fläche des Luftspaltes begrenzt wird und indem
  2. 2) der magnetische Fluss direkt am Luftspalt weiter konzentriert wird.
Further characteristic of the present invention is the use of a high power density. In a given space, especially in a limited area at the magnetic air gap, highest magnetic forces can be achieved by
  1. 1) the area of the permanent magnets is not limited by the predetermined area of the air gap and by
  2. 2) the magnetic flux is further concentrated directly at the air gap.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist vorgsehen, dass der Aktor hebel- und umlenkungsfrei direkt unter der Vakuumschaltkammer eines Mittelspannungsschalters platziert ist und direkt auf die Kontaktstange einwirkt.
Damit wird eine gute und schnelle Kafteinwirkung bewerkstelligt.In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the actuator is placed directly underneath the vacuum interrupter chamber of a medium-voltage switch, and acts directly on the contact rod.
This is a good and fast Kafteinwirkung accomplished.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass der Aktor über Kopplungselemente mehrere Schaltkammern gleichzeitig schaltet.In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the actuator switches several switching chambers simultaneously via coupling elements.

Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft ausgestaltet, dass der Aktuator die Schaltkammer bzw die Schaltkammern über Hebelelemente antreibt. Bei bestimmten Schalterbauformen ist dies notwendig. Durch die vorteilhaft erzielten hohen Betätigungskräfte ist dies auch gut möglich.Furthermore, it is advantageously configured that the actuator drives the switching chamber or the switching chambers via lever elements. For certain types of switch this is necessary. Due to the advantageously achieved high actuation forces, this is also possible.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist angegeben, dass über eine geometrische Konstruktionsänderung des Jochs auf der Betätigungsachse der Hub veränderbar ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, it is indicated that the hub can be changed via a geometrical design change of the yoke on the actuating axis.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist angegeben, dass Permanentmagnete im Magnetkern eingebracht sind, deren Magnetisierungsrichtung weitestgehend parallel zur Ebene des Luftspaltes liegt.In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that permanent magnets are incorporated in the magnetic core whose magnetization direction is largely parallel to the plane of the air gap.

Dabei wird der Magnetkreis konstruktiv so abgestimmt, dass eine magnetische Induktion von mehr als 2 Tesla im Luftspalt vorliegt.In this case, the magnetic circuit is structurally tuned so that a magnetic induction of more than 2 Tesla is present in the air gap.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist angegeben, dass das Joch auf einer Betätigungsachse fixiert ist, die auf einer Seite zentriert durch den Magnetkern verschieblich hindurch verläuft und auf der anderen Seite mit der zu schaltenden Kontaktbetätigungsstange verbunden ist. Dadurch wird eine Bauform erzielt, die eine kompakte direkte Anlenkung zur Betätigung der Kontaktstücke erreicht.In an advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the yoke is fixed on an actuating axis which is displaceable on one side through the magnetic core and is connected on the other side to the contact actuating rod to be switched. As a result, a design is achieved, which achieves a compact direct linkage for actuating the contact pieces.

Durch die weitere Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die durch den Magnetkern hindurch verlaufende Seite der Betätigungsachse am unteren Ende aus dem Magnetkern herausragt und dort mit einem zweiten, in der Lateraldimension kleineren Joch verbunden ist, wird hierdurch erreicht, dass in der ausgeschalteten Stellung eine Haltekraft erzeugt wird.Due to the further embodiment, in which protrudes through the magnetic core through side of the actuating shaft at the lower end of the magnetic core and is connected there with a second, smaller in the lateral dimension yoke, this ensures that in the off position, a holding force is generated ,

Durch die in weiterer Ausgestaltung vorgeschlagene Bauform, bei welcher das untere Joch und das obere Joch in einer festen Bezugslage voneinander beabstandet auf der Betätigungsachse angeordnet sind, derart dass wenn das obere Joch im Sollhub von dem Magnetkern abhebt, das untere Joch von unten an dem Magnetkern anliegt, ergibt sich quasi eine Verriegelung der ausgeschalteten Position des Kontaktstückes.By the design proposed in a further embodiment in which the lower yoke and the upper yoke are spaced from each other in a fixed reference position on the actuating axis, such that when the upper yoke lifts in the desired stroke of the magnetic core, the lower yoke of the bottom of the magnetic core is applied, resulting in a quasi-locking the off position of the contact piece.

Um die Bewegung im Endanschlag insgesamt zu dämpfen, ist zwischen unterem Joch und der Unterseite des Magnetjoches eine Dämpfungsunterlage angeordnet.In order to dampen the movement in the end stop as a whole, a damping pad is arranged between the lower yoke and the underside of the magnetic yoke.

Zur Unterstützung der Ausschaltung ist auf die Betätigungsachse einwirkend mindestens eine Feder vorgesehen, wobei diese vorzugsweise eine Blattfeder sein kann.To assist the elimination, at least one spring is provided acting on the actuating axis, which may preferably be a leaf spring.

Durch den Aufbau des Magnetkerns aus Eisenblechen, werden die durch Flussänderungen induzierte Wirbelströme hinreichend verringert. Auch auf den Zusatz von Silizium im Eisen kann verzichtet werden.By constructing the magnetic core of iron sheets, the eddy currents induced by flux changes are sufficiently reduced. Also on the addition of silicon in the iron can be omitted.

Insgesamt ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher elektromagnetischer Aktuatoren der Bauart nach Anspruch 1 bis 13, die in einer Baureihenproduktion gefertigt werden angegeben, indem lediglich die Tiefe des rechteckigen Magnetkems und der Durchmesser des runden Joches variiert werden. Dadurch ergibt sich eine einfache Serienfertigung auch bei Berücksichtung unterschiedlicher Größen.Overall, a method for producing a plurality of different electromagnetic actuators of the type according to claim 1 to 13, which are manufactured in a series production specified by only the depth of the rectangular magnetic core and the diameter of the round yoke are varied. This results in a simple series production even with consideration of different sizes.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und nachfolgend näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated in the drawing and explained in more detail below.

Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1: perspektivische Sicht auf magnetischen Aktuator mit rundem Joch
  • Figur 2: Flussliniendarstellung
It shows:
  • FIG. 1 : perspective view of magnetic actuator with round yoke
  • FIG. 2 : River line illustration

Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Sicht auf einen Aktuator, mit einem Elektromagneten 1 mit einer Spule 5, einem rechteckigen Magnetkern 2 einem runden Joch 3. Das Joch ist dabei auf einer Betätigungsachse 4 befestigt, die zentrisch durch den Magnetkern 2 axial beweglich hindurch verläuft. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an actuator, with an electromagnet 1 with a coil 5, a rectangular magnetic core 2 a round yoke 3. The yoke is mounted on an actuating axis 4, which extends axially through the magnet core 2 axially movable therethrough.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Flussliniendarstellung dieses elektromagnetischen Aktors. Der Magnetkern 2 zeigt den den Flusslinienveriauf bei geschlossenem System, d.h. wenn das runde Joch 3 auf dem Magnetkern 2 anliegt. FIG. 2 shows a Flußliniendarstellung this electromagnetic actuator. The magnetic core 2 shows the Flußlinienveriauf when the system is closed, ie when the round yoke 3 rests on the magnetic core 2.

Innerhalb des Magnetkerns integriert sind Permanentmagnete 6, deren Richtung der Magnetisierung parallel zur Luftspaltebene liegt.Integrated inside the magnetic core are permanent magnets 6 whose direction of magnetization lies parallel to the air-gap plane.

Die Betätigungsachse ist hierbei nicht dargestellt, aber auf ihr sind das runde Joch 2 und das untere kleinere Joch 7 in dieser funktionalen Weise voneinander beabstandet gehalten, wie oben bereits beschrieben. Zischen kleinem Joch 7 und dem Magnetkern 2 kann eine Dämpfungsunterlage 8 angeordnet sein.The actuating axis is not shown here, but on her the round yoke 2 and the lower lower yoke 7 are kept spaced apart in this functional manner, as already described above. Hissing small yoke 7 and the magnetic core 2, a damping pad 8 may be arranged.

Der Aktuator kann also innerhalb eines Schaltgerätes angeordnet sein. Die Betätigungsachse des Aktuators ist dabei mit dem beweglichen Kontakt einer Vakuumschaltkammer verbunden, und wirkt auf diese entsprechend schaltbetätigend ein. Diese Verbindung kann geradlinig aber auch über Hebel angelenkt sein.The actuator can therefore be arranged within a switching device. The actuating axis of the actuator is connected to the movable contact of a vacuum interrupter chamber, and acts on this switch-actuating accordingly. This connection can be articulated in a straight line but also via levers.

Es ergeben sich insgesamt noch folgende Zusammenhänge.Overall, there are the following relationships.

Die technisch zur Verfügung stehenden Permanentmagnetmaterialien mit hoher magnetischer Energie (z.B. NdFeB, SmCo) weisen Remanenzinduktionen im Bereich von1 bis 1,4 T auf. Dies ist deutlich geringer als im Eisenkern bei vertretbaren magnetischen Verlusten geführt werden kann. Daher wurden erfindungsgemäß die Permanentmagnete mit einer waagerechten Polarität eingebaut. Geht der Fluss dann im Schenkel in die horizontale Richtung über, wird er dort konzentriert. Bei einer vorgegebenen Breite des Schenkels kann so ein größerer Fluss erzeugt werden als bei Anordnung der Permanentmagnete im Schenkel und mit senkrechter Polarisation.The high magnetic energy permanent magnet materials available commercially (e.g., NdFeB, SmCo) have remanent inductions in the range of 1 to 1.4T. This is significantly lower than in the iron core at reasonable magnetic losses can be performed. Therefore, according to the invention, the permanent magnets were installed with a horizontal polarity. If the river then goes in the leg in the horizontal direction, it is concentrated there. For a given width of the leg so a larger flow can be generated as in the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the leg and with vertical polarization.

Eine weitere Konzentration des magnetischen Flusses findet am Übergang vom Schenkel zum Joch über den Luftspalt statt. Zur Maximierung der Haltekraft wird der vorliegende Magnetische Aktuator so ausgelegt, dass eine magnetische Induktion von über 2 T erreicht wird.A further concentration of the magnetic flux takes place at the transition from the leg to the yoke via the air gap. To maximize the Holding force, the present magnetic actuator is designed so that a magnetic induction of more than 2 T is achieved.

Sind die Permanentmagnete wie hier gezeigt so eingebaut, dass ihre Enden an der Unterseite des Magneten sichtbar sind und überdies mit den unteren Enden des Eisenkreises eine glatte Fläche bilden, kann durch ein zweites, kleineres Joch eine zweite, kleinere Haltekraft in der ausgeschalteten Stellung des Magneten erzeugt werden. Dies dient zur Verriegelung der ausgeschalteten Position des beweglichen Kontaktes der Vakuumkammer, der somit gegen ungewolltes Einschalten, z.B. durch Erschütterung, geschützt ist.If the permanent magnets are installed as shown here, with their ends visible on the underside of the magnet and, moreover, forming a smooth surface with the lower ends of the iron circle, a second, smaller holding force in the switched-off position of the magnet can be achieved by a second, smaller yoke be generated. This serves to lock the switched-off position of the movable contact of the vacuum chamber, which thus prevents accidental switching on, e.g. is protected by vibration.

Zwischen den Kern des Magnetischen Aktuators und dem zweiten Joch kann eine Dämpfungsunterlage eingefügt sein, die den mechanischen Anschlag des zweiten Joches auf den Kern bei einer Ausschaltung dämpft. Dies dient sowohl der Vermeidung von Schwingungen beim Anschlag als auch einer höheren Lebensdauer des gesamten Schaltgerätes.Between the core of the magnetic actuator and the second yoke, a damping pad may be inserted, which damps the mechanical abutment of the second yoke on the core at a turn-off. This serves both to avoid vibrations during the attack and a longer life of the entire switching device.

Es werden hier für den Magentkern Eisenbleche mit einem geringen Siliziumanteil verwendet, um durch Flussänderungen induzierte Wirbelströmen zu verringern. Die Verwendung von Silizium reduziert jedoch die magnetische Polarisierbarkeit des Materials. Um höchste Kräfte zu erreichen, können bei dem vorliegenden Magnetischen Aktuator Eisenbleche ohne Zusatz von Silizum verwendet werden.It is used here for the magenta core iron sheets with a low silicon content in order to reduce flow changes induced eddy currents. However, the use of silicon reduces the magnetic polarizability of the material. In order to achieve the highest forces, in the present magnetic actuator iron sheets can be used without addition of silicon.

Will man die Tiefe des Magnetischen Kernes variieren, um wie oben beschrieben unterschiedliche Stärken des Magneten zu realisieren, kann die Ausschaltfeder nicht in der Mitte des Magneten platziert werden, da dies eine Störung der magnetischen Symmetrie darstellen würde, die nur für eine Baugröße kompensiert werden kann. Stattdessen ist es vorgesehen, die Ausschaltfeder außerhalb des Magneten zu platzieren.If one wishes to vary the depth of the magnetic core in order to realize different strengths of the magnet as described above, the turn-off spring can not be placed in the center of the magnet, since this would represent a disturbance of the magnetic symmetry, which can be compensated for only one size , Instead, it is intended to place the opening spring outside the magnet.

Ferner wird eine Blattfeder vorgeschlagen, die unterhalb des Aktuators befestigt wird und sich seitlich am Gehäuse des Schaltgerätes abstützt. Die Vorteile bestehen hier - neben der sehr einfachen Konstruktion - in einer geringen Anzahl von Teilen, geringen Kosten und der Möglichkeit, über die Breite einer Druckplatte die Federkraft einstellen zu können.Furthermore, a leaf spring is proposed, which is fastened below the actuator and is laterally supported on the housing of the switching device. The advantages here are - in addition to the very simple construction - in one small number of parts, low cost and the ability to adjust the spring force across the width of a printing plate.

Claims (14)

  1. Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch, having a magnet core having a coil applied to it, and a movable yoke, wherein the magnetic circuit (1) of the actuator has a rectangular magnet core (2) and a round yoke (3) which corresponds to the magnetic circuit, characterized in that a side of the actuating shaft (4) which runs through the magnet core (2) protrudes out of the magnet core at the lower end and is connected there to a second yoke (7) having a smaller lateral dimension.
  2. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator is placed directly under the vacuum switching chamber of a medium-voltage switch such that it is free from leverage and from deflection and acts directly on the contact rod.
  3. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator switches a plurality of switching chambers at the same time via coupling elements.
  4. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the actuator drives the switching chamber or the switching chambers via lever elements.
  5. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stroke can be changed by means of a displaced arrangement of the yoke (3) on the actuating shaft (4).
  6. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that permanent magnets (6) are introduced in the magnet core (2) which have a direction of magnetization which is as parallel to the plane of the air gap as possible.
  7. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit is matched in design terms such that there is a magnetic induction of more than 2 tesla in the air gap.
  8. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the yoke (3) is fixed on an actuating shaft, which runs on one side centrally through the magnet core in a displaceable manner and is connected on the other side to the contact actuating rod to be switched.
  9. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lower yoke (7) and the upper yoke (3) are arranged on the actuating shaft (4) such that they are spaced apart from one another in a fixed relative position and such that, if the upper yoke lifts off from the magnet core with the desired stroke, the lower yoke bears against the magnet core from below.
  10. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 9, characterized in that a damping base (8) is arranged between the lower yoke (7) and the underside of the magnet core (2).
  11. Electromagnetic actuator according to at least Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one spring is provided so as to act on the actuating shaft in order to assist in the disconnection.
  12. Electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 11, characterized in that the spring is a leaf spring.
  13. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet core comprises iron laminates which do not contain any addition of silicon.
  14. Method for producing an electromagnetic actuator according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a plurality of different actuators are mass-produced by merely the depth of the rectangular magnet core and the diameter of the round yoke being varied.
EP06007167A 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker Active EP1843375B1 (en)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES06007167T ES2369372T3 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR A HALF VOLTAGE SWITCH.
AT06007167T ATE515785T1 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR, ESPECIALLY FOR A MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCH
EP06007167A EP1843375B1 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker
PL06007167T PL1843375T3 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker
CN2007800112999A CN101410923B (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator
MX2008012639A MX2008012639A (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch.
AU2007233934A AU2007233934B2 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch
EP07723980A EP2005456A1 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch
RU2008143300/09A RU2410783C2 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnet actuating control element, in particular, for medium voltage breaker
UAA200811819A UA93899C2 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator for a medium-voltage switch
BRPI0710042-6A BRPI0710042B1 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR, SPECIALLY FOR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CONNECTOR
PCT/EP2007/003039 WO2007113006A1 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch
US12/245,489 US9190234B2 (en) 2006-04-05 2008-10-03 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium voltage switch
HK09109528.3A HK1131254A1 (en) 2006-04-05 2009-10-15 Electromagnetic actuator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06007167A EP1843375B1 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1843375A1 EP1843375A1 (en) 2007-10-10
EP1843375B1 true EP1843375B1 (en) 2011-07-06

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EP06007167A Active EP1843375B1 (en) 2006-04-05 2006-04-05 Electromagnetic actuator for medium voltage circuit breaker
EP07723980A Withdrawn EP2005456A1 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch

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EP07723980A Withdrawn EP2005456A1 (en) 2006-04-05 2007-04-04 Electromagnetic actuator, in particular for a medium-voltage switch

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Country Link
US (1) US9190234B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1843375B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101410923B (en)
AT (1) ATE515785T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007233934B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0710042B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2369372T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1131254A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2008012639A (en)
PL (1) PL1843375T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2410783C2 (en)
UA (1) UA93899C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007113006A1 (en)

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HK1131254A1 (en) 2010-01-15
RU2410783C2 (en) 2011-01-27
PL1843375T3 (en) 2011-12-30
UA93899C2 (en) 2011-03-25
EP2005456A1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP1843375A1 (en) 2007-10-10
BRPI0710042A2 (en) 2011-08-02
BRPI0710042B1 (en) 2018-07-03
WO2007113006A1 (en) 2007-10-11
AU2007233934A1 (en) 2007-10-11
CN101410923A (en) 2009-04-15
ES2369372T3 (en) 2011-11-30
CN101410923B (en) 2012-05-30
ATE515785T1 (en) 2011-07-15
RU2008143300A (en) 2010-05-10
US9190234B2 (en) 2015-11-17
MX2008012639A (en) 2008-11-27
AU2007233934B2 (en) 2011-02-03
US20090039989A1 (en) 2009-02-12

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