EP1835079B1 - Elektromechanisch gesteuerter Bagger und Verfahren zur Steuerung des elektromechanisch gesteuerten Baggers. - Google Patents
Elektromechanisch gesteuerter Bagger und Verfahren zur Steuerung des elektromechanisch gesteuerten Baggers. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1835079B1 EP1835079B1 EP06122458A EP06122458A EP1835079B1 EP 1835079 B1 EP1835079 B1 EP 1835079B1 EP 06122458 A EP06122458 A EP 06122458A EP 06122458 A EP06122458 A EP 06122458A EP 1835079 B1 EP1835079 B1 EP 1835079B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- controller
- excavator
- stick
- pump
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
- E02F3/437—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like providing automatic sequences of movements, e.g. linear excavation, keeping dipper angle constant
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
Definitions
- This invention relates to electromechanically-integrated excavators and methods for controlling the electromechanically-integrated excavators.
- Excavators are widely used in the construction industry, and their operation is generally flexible and highly efficient, for example the document DE 199 09 610 A1 (KOMATSU ) discloses an electromechanically-integrated excavator comprising a boom, an arm or a stick, a bucket, a monitoring processor, a data storage, an indicator screen, an audio alarm, and a communication circuit; wherein said monitoring processor is connected with said storage, said indicator screen, said audio alarm, and said communication circuit. Said document also discloses a method for controlling movement of an excavator comprising:
- excavator operation is not without problems, including the required high labor input, the inconvenience of direct human participation under adverse conditions, and the necessity for long training of excavator operators to attain high skills, among others.
- the improvement of electromechanical integration of excavators is critical for overcoming these drawbacks and for realizing a more automatic and intelligent operation of excavators.
- the present invention arose in the context of the above-identified problems. It is one aspect of the present invention to provide an electromechanically-integrated excavator and a method capable of realizing highly precise operation and control, good positioning capability, and lower power consumption.
- an electro-mechanically integrated excavator comprising a monitoring processor, a data storage, a watchdog, an indicator screen, an audio alarm, an optoelectronic isolating circuit, a high speed optoelectronic isolating circuit, a counter, a filter, and a communication circuit
- the monitoring processor is connected respectively with the storage, the watchdog, the indicator screen, the audio alarm, the revolution counter, the filter, and the communication circuit
- the optoelectronic isolating circuit is connected with the filter
- the high speed optoelectronic isolating circuit is connected with the counter.
- the excavator of the present invention also comprises a motion controller, a boom angle sensor, a stick or arm angle sensor, and a bucket angle sensor, wherein the outputs of the boom angle sensor, the stick angle sensor, and the bucket angle sensor are connected with the inputs of the motion controller, and the motion controller is connected with the monitoring processor via the communication circuit.
- the electromechanically-integrated excavator also comprises a laser emitter rack set near the front portion of the excavator, a laser emitter mounted on the laser emitter rack, and a height detector fixedly mounted on the stick of the excavator, the output of the height detector being connected with the monitoring processor.
- the electromechanically-integrated excavator also comprises an energy-saving controller, a mode select switch, and a knob for setting the engine speed or revolutions.
- the energy saving mode is selected via the mode select switch and a desired engine speed is input via the engine speed setting knob.
- Both the mode information and the desired revolutions per minute (rpm) are sent to the engine controller, which is a subpart of the energy-saving controller, in which the rotating speed is monitored in real-time and fed back.
- the position of the throttle of the engine is adjusted by a linear displacement electromagnet to meet the requirement on the engine power and to control the power of the engine.
- the desired pump pressure is input via a ⁇ p regulating knob into a pump controller, which is a subpart of the energy saving controller.
- the information of the position of the throttle and the rpm of the engine is input into the controller to get a valid feedback.
- the output signal from the pump controller serves to control the pump regulator so as to control the pump.
- a method for controlling the work of the electromechanically-integrated excavator comprising the steps of (1) determining the movement of the excavator by utilizing a motion controller so as to obtain the motion sequence of the operating devices, incl., the boom, the stick, and the bucket; (2) setting parameters for the starting point of the motion sequence to obtain a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to control a pilot electro-hydraulic proportional valve, by means of which the main valve driving the operation of each hydraulic cylinder of the operating devices is controlled; (3) obtaining the position information of the operating devices by utilizing the angle sensors mounted on the boom, the stick, and the bucket of the excavator respectively, which information is then transmitted by a bus to the motion controller, wherein the obtained position information is compared with that preset for the operating devices, wherein the control parameters are corrected in real-time by applying the method of adaptive Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) algorithm, by which the PID) algorithm, by which the PID
- the operating device of an excavator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention comprises a boom 1, an arm or a stick 3, and a bucket 6 mounted with angle sensors 2, 4, and 7, respectively.
- a laser emitter rack 8 with a laser emitter 9 mounted thereon is disposed near the front portion of the stick 3, a height detector 5 is fixedly mounted on the stick 3, the output of the height detector 5 is connected with a monitoring processor.
- the laser emitter rack 8 is set to a horizontal status, and the laser head of the laser emitter 9 rotates and emits a laser signal, which is received by the height detector 5 by which the relative height of the laser beam is measured in comparison with the zero level.
- the signal of the measured relative height is transmitted by a bus to a processor of the monitoring system for processing; the processed signal is displayed on an indicator screen of the monitoring system, and then is transmitted by a communication circuit to a motion controller.
- the monitoring system of an excavator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention comprises a monitoring processor, a data storage, a watchdog for protecting the system from specific (software or hardware) failures that may cause the system to stop responding, an indicator screen, an audio alarm, an optoelectronic isolating circuit with isolation elements, a high speed optoelectronic isolating circuit, a revolution counter, a filter, a communication circuit, a motion controller, a boom angle sensor, a stick or arm angle sensor, a bucket angle sensor, a laser emitter, and a height detector, wherein the monitoring processor is connected with the storage, the watchdog, the indicator screen, the audio alarm, the counter, the filter, and the communication circuit, and the optoelectronic isolating circuit is connected with the filter.
- the position information from the boom angle sensor, the stick angle sensor, and the bucket angle sensor is transmitted as a signal by a bus to the motion controller, and then is sent via the communication circuit to the monitoring processor for processing.
- the obtained signal is then displayed on the indicator screen.
- Based on the laser signal received by the height detector the relative height of the laser beam in comparison to the zero level is measured, and is transmitted by a bus to the monitoring processor for processing.
- the obtained signal is then displayed on the indicator screen.
- the high-speed pulse signal from the engine is sent via the high-speed optoelectronic isolating circuit to the counter to be counted, and then is sent to the monitoring processor.
- Various on-off signals passed through the optoelectronic isolating circuit and the filter are sent to the monitoring processor for processing.
- the obtained signal is then displayed on the indicator screen.
- the pressure, the temperature, and the liquid level at each node can be displayed when the excavator is in operation.
- an intelligent control of the operation of the excavator can also be realized.
- the main parameters of the system including without limitation, the fuel level, the oil pressure, the water temperature, the oil temperature, the low battery voltage, the high water temperature of the engine cooling system, the low fuel, the filter clogging, the air filter deficiency, the high temperature of hydraulic oil, the low oil pressure, the high oil temperature, and the low water level, are monitored and displayed, and alarm is issued when these levels exceed certain preset values.
- the capability to diagnose malfunctions by the monitoring processor allows the values of the key control parameters of each port to be displayed in real-time when the machine is in operation. If a malfunction occurs, the position of the malfunction can be rapidly and conveniently detected, and corrective actions can be taken in speedily.
- the operating device of the excavator is regarded as a manipulator with multiple degrees of freedom, wherein the position information of the operating devices is determined by angle sensors 2, 4, and 7 mounted on the boom 1, the stick 3, and the bucket 6, respectively.
- the signal carrying the position information from the above three sensors is transmitted by a bus to the motion controller 11 of the excavator, in which the precise movement of the operating devices are determined.
- a movement may be expressed as a horizontal line, a sloped line, an arc line, etc.
- the signal is sent for analysis in accordance with kinematic and dynamic layouts to obtain a motion sequence of the operating devices, i.e., the boom 1, the stick 3, and the bucket 6.
- the values of the control parameters on the motion sequence are adjusted in real-time in accordance with the position information of the operating devices by applying adaptive Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm, and then the real-time-corrected control parameters are obtained as a Pulse-Width-Modulated (PWM) output.
- PID Proportional Integral Derivative
- PWM Pulse-Width-Modulated
- the energy saving mode is selected via the mode select switch and a desired engine revolution speed is input via the engine speed setting knob.
- Both the mode information and the desired rpm are sent to the engine controller, which is a subpart of the energy-saving controller, in which the rotating speed is monitored in real-time and fed back.
- the position of the throttle of the engine is adjusted by a linear displacement electromagnet to meet the requirement on the engine power and to control the power of the engine.
- the desired pump pressure is input via a ⁇ p regulating knob (pressure regulating knob) into a pump controller, which is a subpart of the energy saving controller.
- the information of the position of the throttle and the rpm of the engine is input into the controller to get a valid feedback.
- the output signal from the pump controller serves to control the pump regulator so as to control the pump.
- the engine controller and the pump controller together form an energy-saving controller and realize a good match among the parameters of the engine, the hydraulic pump, and the loading, so as to realize energy saving.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Elektromechanisch-integrierter Bagger, der Folgendes umfasst: einen Ausleger (1), einen Arm oder einen Stiel (3), einen Eimer (6), einen Überwachungsprozessor, einen Datenspeicher, eine Totmanneinrichtung, einen Anzeigeschirm, einen akustischen Alarm, eine optoelektronische Entkopplungsschaltung, eine optoelektronische Hochgeschwindigkeits-Entkopplungsschaltung, einen Umdrehungszähler, einen Filter und eine Kommunikationsschaltung; wobei der Überwachungsprozessor mit dem Speicher, der Totmanneinrichtung, dem Anzeigeschirm, dem akustischen Alarm, dem Zähler, dem Filter und der Kommunikationsschaltung verbunden ist; die optoelektronische Entkopplungsschaltung mit dem Filter verbunden ist; und die optoelektronische Hochgeschwindigkeits-Entkopplungsschaltung mit dem Zähler verbunden ist.
- Elektromechanisch-integrierter Bagger nach Anspruch 1, der des Weiteren Folgendes umfasst: eine Bewegungssteuereinheit mit einem Eingang; einen Auslegerwinkelsensor (2), einen Stiel- oder Armwinkelsensor (4) und einen Eimerwinkelsensor (7), wobei jeder Winkelsensor einen Ausgang aufweist; wobei der Ausgang der Winkelsensoren (2, 4, 7) mit dem Eingang der Bewegungssteuereinheit verbunden ist; und die Bewegungssteuereinheit über die Kommunikationsschaltung mit dem Überwachungsprozessor verbunden ist.
- Elektromechanisch-integrierter Bagger nach Anspruch 1, der des Weiteren Folgendes umfasst: ein Laseremittergestell (8), das nahe dem Vorderteil des Baggers angeordnet ist, einen Laseremitter (9), der an dem Laseremittergestell montiert ist, und einen Höhendetektor (5), der fest an dem Stiel (3) des Baggers montiert ist; wobei das Ausgangs-Ende des Höhendetektors mit dem Überwachungsprozessor verbunden ist.
- Elektromechanisch-integrierter Bagger nach Anspruch 1, der des Weiteren Folgendes umfasst: einen Motor mit einer Drosselklappe und mit einer Motordrehzahl; eine Hydraulikpumpe mit einem Pumpendruck und mit einem Pumpenbetätigungsregler; einen Linearverschiebungs-Elektromagneten; eine Energiespar-Steuereinheit mit einer Motorsteuereinheit und einer Pumpensteuereinheit; wobei die Pumpensteuereinheit ein Pumpensteuereinheit-Ausgangssignal ausgibt; einen Betriebsartwählschalter mit einer Position für einen Normalbetriebsmodus und einem Energiesparbetriebsmodus; einen Motordrehzahleinstellknopf; und einen Druckregelknopf; wobei die Position des Betriebsartwählschalters an die Motorsteuereinheit übermittelt wird; die Motordrehzahl über den Motordrehzahleinstellknopf eingestellt wird und an die Motorsteuereinheit übermittelt wird; der Pumpendruck über den Druckregelknopf eingestellt wird und an die Pumpensteuereinheit übermittelt wird; die Motordrehzahl in Echtzeit überwacht wird und an die Motorsteuereinheit zurückgemeldet wird; die Position der Drosselklappe durch den Linearverschiebungs-Elektromagneten justiert wird; die Position der Drosselklappe und der Motordrehzahl in die Energiespar-Steuereinheit eingespeist werden; und das Pumpensteuereinheit-Ausgangssignal den Pumpenregler.
- Verfahren zum Steuern der Bewegung des Baggers nach Anspruch 2, das Folgendes umfasst:(1) Einstellen einer Bewegungstrajektorie für den Bagger, und Erhalten einer Bewegungssequenz des Auslegers (1), des Stiels (3) und des Eimers (6) unter Verwendung der Bewegungssteuereinheit, wobei die Bewegungssequenz mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Positionspunkte umfasst;(2) Erhalten eines Impulsbreitenmodulationssignals, das der Bewegungstrajektorie entspricht, zum Steuern des Betriebes des Auslegers, des Stiels und des Eimers;(3) Erhalten von Positionsinformationen des Auslegers (1), des Stiels (3) und des Eimers (6) unter Verwendung der Winkelsensoren (2, 4, 7), die an dem Ausleger, dem Stiel und dem Eimer montiert sind; Übermitteln der Positionsinformationen über einen Bus an die Bewegungssteuereinheit; Vergleichen der Positionsinformationen mit der Bewegungstrajektorie; und Korrigieren des Impulsbreitenmodulationssignals in Echtzeit durch Anwenden eines Proportional-Integral-Differenzial-Algorithmus';(4) Wiederholen des Schrittes (3) zum Steuern der Bewegung an jedem aufeinanderfolgenden Punkt in der Bewegungssequenz.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200610331374 | 2006-03-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1835079A1 EP1835079A1 (de) | 2007-09-19 |
EP1835079B1 true EP1835079B1 (de) | 2008-05-07 |
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ID=37495883
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06122458A Expired - Fee Related EP1835079B1 (de) | 2006-03-17 | 2006-10-17 | Elektromechanisch gesteuerter Bagger und Verfahren zur Steuerung des elektromechanisch gesteuerten Baggers. |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP1835079B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602006001105D1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
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CN102890487A (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 三一重机有限公司 | 多控制器电控系统 |
CN107614803A (zh) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-01-19 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 作业机械的校正装置、作业机械以及作业机械的校正方法 |
CN108691325A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-23 | 日立建机株式会社 | 工程机械 |
CN108884654A (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-11-23 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 工作装置用的箱形构造体 |
CN110725359A (zh) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-24 | 上海三一重机股份有限公司 | 一种轨迹控制方法及挖掘机 |
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CN104929169B (zh) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-05-24 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | 一种提高装载机铲装能力的控制装置及其控制方法 |
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US10648160B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2020-05-12 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Work machine with bucket monitoring |
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IT201800006471A1 (it) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | Metodo e dispositivo per il controllo della profondita' di scavo di un escavatore. | |
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- 2006-10-17 DE DE602006001105T patent/DE602006001105D1/de active Active
- 2006-10-17 EP EP06122458A patent/EP1835079B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102890487A (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 三一重机有限公司 | 多控制器电控系统 |
CN107614803A (zh) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-01-19 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 作业机械的校正装置、作业机械以及作业机械的校正方法 |
CN107614803B (zh) * | 2015-10-28 | 2020-10-16 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 作业机械的校正装置、作业机械以及作业机械的校正方法 |
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CN108884654A (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-11-23 | 株式会社小松制作所 | 工作装置用的箱形构造体 |
CN108691325A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-23 | 日立建机株式会社 | 工程机械 |
CN108691325B (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-11-03 | 日立建机株式会社 | 工程机械 |
CN110725359A (zh) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-24 | 上海三一重机股份有限公司 | 一种轨迹控制方法及挖掘机 |
CN110725359B (zh) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-03-01 | 上海三一重机股份有限公司 | 一种轨迹控制方法及挖掘机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602006001105D1 (de) | 2008-06-19 |
EP1835079A1 (de) | 2007-09-19 |
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