Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
  • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
  • H04N1/32502—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device in systems having a plurality of input or output devices
  • H04N1/32523—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device in systems having a plurality of input or output devices a plurality of output devices
  • H04N1/32529—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device in systems having a plurality of input or output devices a plurality of output devices of different type, e.g. internal and external devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
  • H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
  • H04N1/00204—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a digital computer or a digital computer system, e.g. an internet server
  • H04N1/00236—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a digital computer or a digital computer system, e.g. an internet server using an image reading or reproducing device, e.g. a facsimile reader or printer, as a local input to or local output from a computer
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
  • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
  • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
  • H04N1/32358—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device using picture signal storage, e.g. at transmitter
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
  • H04N2201/0077—Types of the still picture apparatus
  • H04N2201/0081—Image reader
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
  • H04N2201/0077—Types of the still picture apparatus
  • H04N2201/0082—Image hardcopy reproducer

Definitions

• Communication systems having a network for transmitting image data to at least one imaging device and communication system having a network for controlling and / or monitoring a multi-section printing press
• the invention relates to communication systems with a network for transmitting image data to at least one imaging device according to the preamble of claim 1, 2 or 3 and a communication system having a network for controlling and / or monitoring a multi-section printing machine according to the preamble of claim 32.
• DE 102 51 573 A1 discloses an arrangement for fast image data transmission in printing presses and a corresponding method, memory units being designed by means of a bus system both with a computer designed as a data manager for buffering the image data received from a RIP (raster image processor) and with the imaging unit Each imaging unit each communicates with one of the storage units and reads the image data directly from the respective storage unit.
• RIP raster image processor
• DE 100 01 21 1 A1 discloses a method for generating raster data for imaging units of a printing press, in which raw image data is decomposed into a plurality of partial images, each corresponding to one printing color, the partial images are assigned to a plurality of raster processors corresponding to the number of raster processors printed colors and the fields are processed by the raster processors to raster data for output to each of the imaging units at the same time.
• EP 1 559 549 A1 discloses a printing machine having a plurality of printing cylinders with a control unit, wherein the control unit arranged in the printing press is connected to a RIP (raster image processor) via a LAN, wherein the control unit generates print data of a plurality of print jobs in RIP is downloaded to a memory of the control unit via the LAN at fixed time intervals or at specific times, wherein the individual print jobs can be selected on a display device connected to the control unit.
• RIP raster image processor
• a system for digital imaging is known from DE 103 53 870 A1, wherein an image processing unit arranged in a printing press and associated with a printing unit comprises a raster image processor (RIP) and a data buffer, the image processing unit being connected to a prepress interface via which image data can get into the image processing unit.
• RIP raster image processor
• EP 0 997 850 A1 is known, a raster image processor (RIP) z.
• RIP raster image processor
• FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
• the invention has for its object to provide communication systems with a network for transmitting image data to at least one imaging device and a communication system with a network for controlling and / or monitoring a multiple sections having printing press.
• the object is achieved by the features of claim 1, 2, 3 or 32.
• the advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that in a process producing a printed product, the same communication system can be used across sectors from a publisher via the prepress stage to the control of the printing press.
• a communication system linking different networks together in particular a network for transmitting image data to at least one imaging device having a network for controlling and / or monitoring a printing press and / or a network for communicating data to be processed in the prepress, enhanced by larger ones Transparency of the processes the communication between all parts of a company involved in the production of a printed product and helps to save a considerable amount of costs, which would otherwise for a multiple holding of signal lines and / or transmission lines and their interfaces.
• the raster data which are generated for each color separation of a page of the printed product to be produced, are generated decentrally in the immediate vicinity of the imaging device; they can each be stored in a file in a storage device. This eliminates time-consuming error-prone loading processes of large amounts of data from the prepress to the imaging device in or at least on the printing press. Due to the decentralized rasterization, the raster data from not so extensive and thus over a network z. B. for electronic communication more easily transportable image data generated there, where they are needed.
• Decentralized raster image processors have the advantage that they can perform the rasterization process in parallel, ie simultaneously, which means a time advantage in comparison to a single raster image processor stored centrally in the prepress stage.
• the rasterization process can thus be carried out as required more quickly and in particular taking into account arrangement information or occupancy information relating to the print image location on the forme cylinder.
• an imaging device assigned to a forme cylinder images at least one printed image or printing form, while another form cylinder of the same printing machine is involved in at least one printing image or printing form on a running printing process carried out by this printing press, which is beneficial to the achievable with this printing machine utilization and thus affects productivity.
• the concept of decentralized image data processing thus has the advantage that each machine unit of the printing press, with its printing units and its various control devices, forms an autonomous unit which can independently process and evaluate image data of a page to be produced from the prepress stage. Further advantages can be taken from the following detailed description.
• FIG. 1 shows an image data management system with central image data management in a star topology
• FIG. 2 shows an image data management system with central image data management in a line or ring topology
• FIG. 3 shows an image data management system with central image data management in a double-star topology
• FIG. 5 shows an image data management system with a central file server in a star topology
• FIG. 7 shows an example of a folding machine which can be integrated in the control network.
• FIGS. 1 to 3 each show an image data management system, each with a central image data management, but with a different topology of a Image data transmitting network.
• image data 02 is in each case assigned to one preferably in several, e.g. B. in four different printing colors to be printed page, wherein the page to be printed text, graphics and / or at least one image and the image data 02 thus contain information on the content, color and design of the page to be printed.
• the image data 02 of a page of a printed product to be printed are combined in a file processable with methods of electronic data processing or in a telegram which can be transmitted via a transmission link.
• the prepress is accordingly a work area in which a page of a printed product to be printed is optionally assembled and prepared, but at least provided for the subsequent printing process.
• a printed product to be produced with the printing press consists of a plurality of printed pages, so that printed pages are printed in a downstream processing device, for example, a printer.
• B. in one of the printing machine associated folding apparatus, collected in accordance with a pre-defined in the prepress specification and summarized to the desired printed product.
• the amount of image data 02 corresponding to each of the pages to be printed is generally summarized in a single file, this file being e.g. B. may well be several, in two or even three digits lying MB (megabytes). It is common today, such image data 02 z.
• Example in the form of a pixel-based TIFF file (Tagged Image File Format), in the form of a contour data coded postscript file or in the form of a file in a pixel and contour data structures combining pdf format (portable document format) for transmission to at least one in the editing process Subordinate computer to provide.
• Each of the pages to be printed can z. B. have a resolution of about 1200 dpi to 2400 dpi, so that for each of the printed pages of the printed product, a file in the Magnitude of 1 Gbit and more, or significantly more than 100 MByte results.
• the amount of data is then in the range of 400 MB and more.
• For a complete newspaper with several, z. B. 48 and more pages then results in a data volume in the range of several GB, their transmission over a network high demands on this image data 02 transmitting network.
• Such downstream in the processing process computer 03 may, for. B. a raster image processor 03 (RIP) be, if necessary, the image data 02 from the prepress z. B. in a pixel-oriented data format, ie a bitmap format, wherein the raster image processor 03 (RIP) generated by arithmetic operations from the image data 02 raster data 04. It can be provided that from the image data 02-either before they are forwarded to the raster image processor 03 (RIP) or in the raster image processor 03 (RIP) -the color separations assigned to the printing colors-also called color separations-are generated before their conversion into raster data 04.
• each color separation generates a print image to be printed, wherein by a superposition of the belonging to a page print images of different color separations on a substrate, eg. B. a web or a sheet, which is produced in the printing process side.
• a substrate eg. B. a web or a sheet
• the color separations C, M, Y and K associated with the four inks cyan, magenta, yellow and black are common.
• the raster image processor 03 generates for each of the printing inks associated with the respective color separation raster data 04, wherein the respective one of the color separations raster data 04 each of the respective color separation with a printing unit of a printing press to be printed halftone dot at least in its size and to specify location.
• This specification of the halftone dots enlarges the file of the amount of image data 02 associated with the printed page of the printed product to a not inconsiderable extent.
• the specification of the raster point can also be based on its arrangement relative to an am Refer to the printing process involved form cylinder 12 of the printing unit of a printing press, ie the specification specifies where the grid point z. B., taking into account the angular position of the forme cylinder 12 with respect to its lateral surface is to be arranged. This raster points are associated with their respective specification of a particular print image location in the printing press.
• raster data 04 generated by the raster image processor 03 (RIP) for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced preferably in each case in a file in a memory device 06 and to keep it available for retrieval.
• the raster data 04 of entire color separations or of a part of at least one color separation can be temporarily stored.
• the intermediate storage of the raster data 04 has the advantage that a demolition of the extensive data stream to be transmitted during the imaging process can be avoided.
• the computer 01 of the pre-press, the raster image processor 03 (RIP) and / or the memory device 06 can advantageously each be connected to a network 07 for, in particular, electronic communication of data to be processed in the prepress stage, wherein the image data associated with a page of the printed product to be printed 02 z. B. with the embedded in this network 07 computer 01 the prepress with at least one usual in office communication program, eg. As for word processing or graphic editing, are editable.
• a computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing process exporting printing machine is preferably connected to this prepress network zuzuschnende network 07, wherein the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press preferably also with a network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is connected, which can be coordinated via the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring of the printing press all required machine operations, wherein these machine operations z.
• a control of the forme cylinder 12 relative to a cutting the substrate and / or folding device or a control of a printing process in the transport of the printing material influencing means may include ,
• the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press will be explained in more detail later in connection with FIG. 6.
• the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is z. B. as a belonging to the printing press console 08 or at least integrated in a press belonging to the control station 08 (Fig. 1 to 5). Due to the data technology connection of the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press to the computer 01 of the prepress, the raster image processor 03 (RIP) and / or the memory device 06, the raster data 04 generated for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced can be combined with associated with a printing location corresponding print image location within the printing press, because the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press has data z. B.
• the data for the assignment of belonging to the printing press forme cylinder 12, each with at least one printing form are z. B. contained in an electronically held occupancy plan.
• the printing machine is preferably as a in the transport direction of the printing material successively belonging to a page to be printed images in several, z. B. formed in at least four different printing colors printing press.
• the printing machine is z. B. as a sheet-fed rotary printing press or as a web-fed rotary printing machine.
• the printing press is designed as an offset web-fed rotary printing press, in particular as a newsprint printing press, in which preferably each printed side of the printed product is assigned a respective printing form, the printing unit of this printing machine having printed images in a conventional wet offset printing process or in a dry offset printing process using no dampening printed by this printing press substrate prints, the substrate as a web, z. B. as a paper web is formed.
• the printing machine preferably simultaneously prints the material web on both sides during its passage through the printing machine, whereby corresponding printed images corresponding to the individual color separations of a page to be produced are printed one after the other in the transport direction of the material web.
• the printing machine z. B. also be designed as a printing in a gravure printing press, wherein for the production of printed products of different sizes, in particular different length, forme cylinder 12 with different diameters in the printing machine are interchangeable.
• z. B. is a cutting cylinder or a folding cylinder in a printing unit downstream folding in its respective angular position relative to the angular position of the forme cylinder 12 to adjust accordingly.
• imaging device 13 is also to make the imaging of the forme cylinder 12 performing imaging device 13 such that with her at least in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 12 a variable-length imaging can be performed.
• a further alternative embodiment of the printing press can provide that the printing process is pressure-free, d. H. is executed without using a representational form of printing by a print image on a z. B. formed as a drum image carrier corresponding to the screen dots to be printed latent, z. B. electrostatic image is formed.
• a further embodiment of a printing process printing formless export printing machine can consist in that the imaging device 13 ink from a z. B. transmits cylindrically shaped ink carrier using the light hydraulic effect pixel by pixel on a substrate.
• a direct or an indirect printing method can be used.
• FIGS. 1 to 5 The printing machine selected by way of example is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 in a very simplified manner and shows in each case only schematically z. B. two stacked to a back pressure tower printing units 1 1, z. B. H-printing units 11, each H-printing unit 11 each having a bridge printing unit and a U-printing unit, each bridge printing unit and each U-printing unit each consisting of two pairs of cylinders each consisting of a forme cylinder 12 and a transfer cylinder (not shown), wherein the transfer cylinders of different, but belonging to the same bridge or U-unit printing cylinder pairs are set against each other, wherein the web (not shown) passes vertically through each eight-pressure tower between the mutually employed transfer cylinders.
• the four transfer cylinders common printing cylinder preferably has its own, by the drive of the transfer cylinder and / or respectively associated form cylinder 12 independent, with another drive not in positive or mechanical connection standing drive.
• the forme cylinders 12 of each bridge or U-printing unit or 9-satellite arrangement are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
• Each form cylinder 12 of the printing press has in the preferred embodiment in its axial direction next to each other, for. B. four or six print image locations (not shown), with these print image locations z. B. on representational, each located on one of the forme cylinder 12 printing forms are located, preferably on each printing plate in each case exactly one of these print image locations, wherein in the circumferential direction of the forme cylinder 12 each also several, z. B. two print image or printing forms can be arranged. So the printing machine z. B. formed as a so-called 6/2 printing press preferably for the newspaper printing, ie, each having six print image locations in the axial direction and two print image locations in the circumferential direction of each forme cylinder 12.
• At least a portion of the printing machine provided in the printing machine or arranged printing plates can, for. B. by a thermal, ablatives Be plasterungshabilit described, preferably be rewritable trained.
• the printing plates can each be designed as process-free or process-free printing forms which do not require a chemical or "wet" development
• a printed image corresponding to one of the color separations can be formed at each printed image point from one of the pages to be produced, ie each of these printed image positions has one in each case one of the sides to be produced on a printed image, that is formed on each in the printing machine depending on the printed product to be produced in this printing press image point by means of at least one imaging device 13 corresponding to the halftone dots to be printed image All of the provided in the printing machine print image or arranged printing plates inline, ie imageable within the printing machine, ie arranged with at least one within the printing press Imaging device 13 with their respective print image providable.
• each form cylinder 12 is associated with as many imaging devices 13 as this form cylinder 12 has print image locations in its axial direction next to one another.
• each imaging device 13 preferably forms a printed image on a printing form arranged on a forme cylinder 12, in each case at exactly one printing image location belonging to this printing form.
• At least one of the printing cylinder arranged in the form of cylinder 12 can in its axial direction z. B. have several successive, preferably equal width sections, wherein in each section on the forme cylinder 12 at least one printing form can be arranged or at least one print image location is provided. It can also be provided that in each section of the forme cylinder 12 in the circumferential direction a plurality of print image areas can be imaged or printed forms can be arranged.
• each section of the forme cylinder 12 preferably two printed image areas are imaged in the circumferential direction thereof or two printing forms are arranged.
• Different sections of the same forme cylinder 12 are preferably each assigned an imaging device 13; in particular, each section of the forme cylinder 12 can also be assigned its own imaging device 13. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the same imaging device 13 images all print image locations or printing forms of the same forme cylinder 12 in a sequential or parallel workflow.
• the printing press has at least two forme cylinders 12, each having at least one print image or printing form imageable by one of the imaging devices 13, it is advantageous to provide that the imaging device 13 assigned to one of these forme cylinders 12 imprints the at least one printed image or printing form, while the other forme cylinder 12 is involved with its running at least one print image or printing form on one of the printing machine, running printing process.
• the imaging device 13 is a physical, a print image-generating interface and can each z. Example, a single laser system or a laser array consisting of several lasers or another at the print image point or on the printing plate, a printed image generating system, wherein the printed image generated on the printing form or on the printing form indirectly z.
• the imaging device 13 can also z. B. be designed as an inkjet system, so that the printed image without a transmitting medium, for. B. a transfer cylinder, directly and directly generated on the substrate.
• Each imaging device 13 also has a control device 14 controlling the imaging device 13, wherein this control device 14 is likewise arranged in the printing press and is preferably integrated in the structural unit of the imaging device 13.
• the imaging device 13 and its control device 14 may also be designed as spatially and functionally closely connected modules.
• the imaging device 13 and its control device 14 are thus preferably coupled directly to one another, wherein the imaging device 13 physically converts the dot information obtained bit by bit from its control device 14 into the print image to be formed.
• the control device 14 of each imaging device 13 is in each case connected to a data line 16, wherein the data lines 16 of all z. B. in the same bridge, U or H printing unit 11 or arranged in the same printing tower control devices 14 arranged in the printing device imaging devices 13 as shown in FIGS.
• the data lines 16 can be wired z. B. each may be formed as a fiber optic cable, as a coaxial cable or as a twisted pair cable or wirelessly as a radio transmission link.
• the trained as a data manager computer 17 is preferably arranged in spatial proximity to the printing tower and its printing units 1 1, so that the Printing tower or at least its printing units 1 1 together with their form cylinders 12 associated with imaging devices 13, the control devices 14 and designed as a data manager computer 17 form in Figs. 1, 3 to 5 respectively indicated by a dotted outline machine unit 18.
• the function of a data manager performing computer 17 may, for. B. implemented in an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and thus be designed as a specialized on the function of data mapping circuit (data switch).
• each one H-pressure unit 1 1 associated logic unit 21 may be provided, which is connected on the one hand to the respective H-pressure unit 11 arranged control devices 14 and on the other hand to the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, wherein the logic unit 21st each ensures correct sequence control within each H printing unit 11.
• a drive control device 22 is provided, which controls the drive and thus the rotation of the arranged in each printing unit 1 1 form cylinder 12 and transfer cylinder and optionally also monitored.
• the drive control device 22 can conduct a signal corresponding to an angular position of one of the forme cylinders 12 to the control device 14 of the imaging device 13 imaging the forme cylinder 12, in order, for. B. a in the circumferential direction of the imaging plate to be imaged printing cylinder 12 directed imaging speed of the imaging device 13 with a rotational speed of this form cylinder 12, so that the rotational speed of the forme cylinder 12 is adapted to the Bereciungs Kunststoff the imaging device 13, wherein the angular position of a forme cylinder 12th corresponding signal z. B. with a preferably high-resolution encoder or other rotation of the forme cylinder 12 detecting means (not shown) is obtained.
• an operating position of imaged forme cylinder 12 with respect to his employment or shutdown of a cooperating with this form cylinder 12 transfer cylinder, a cutting cylinder or a folding cylinder in a printing unit 11 downstream folding apparatus, a transverse fold may relate to a longitudinal fold, a third fold or a cutter.
• the substrate printing or processing facilities have an impact on the arrangement of the zeb istsvorgang z. B. on a printing plate or directly on the forme cylinder 12 to be formed print image.
• the encoder detecting the rotation of the forme cylinder 12 can also direct its output signal directly to the control device 14 of the imaging cylinder 13 imposing this forme cylinder 12 in order to couple an imaging speed of the imaging device 13 directed in the peripheral direction of this forme cylinder 12 to a rotational speed of this forme cylinder 12, so that the rotational speed of the forme cylinder 12 is adapted to the imaging speed of the imaging device 13.
• This direct feed of the output signal of the encoder to the control device 14 of the imaging device 13 has the advantage that the output signal of the encoder of the control device 14 is provided virtually instantaneously over a short path, because a loop through the drive control device 22 is eliminated.
• Each machine unit 18 may preferably have at least one other Machine unit 18 form a section of the printing press, wherein each section may be associated with a section control device 23, wherein each section control device 23 z.
• B. controls the assignment of the respective imaged to be printed image points as well as higher-level operating modes of the machine unit 18.
• Each forme cylinder 12 and / or transfer cylinder of the printing machine, the machine unit 18 or at least the printing unit 1 1 preferably each has its own, at least to other cylinders 12 or transfer cylinders of the printing press, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11 is not in positive or mechanical drive connection Drive on, z.
• Example a angular position-controlled electric motor, so that each of these form cylinder 12 or transfer cylinder is independent of the other cylinders 12 or transfer cylinders of the printing press, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11 rotatable. It is advantageously an operating state of the printing press, the machine unit 18 or at least the printing unit 1 1 is provided, in which one of the forme cylinder 12 is imaged by its associated imaging device 13, while another forme cylinder 12 of the printing machine, this machine unit 18 or at least this printing unit 11th simultaneously prints or transfers ink.
• the print image locations of all forme cylinders 12 of the same machine unit 18 or at least the same printing unit 11 of the printing machine are simultaneously imaged, while the print image locations of the forme cylinder 12 of another machine unit 18 or at least one other printing unit 11 of this printing press at the same time print or ink transfer.
• the computer 17, which is designed as a data manager and is preferably arranged in or on a machine unit 18, is in turn connected to a network 19 for preferably electronic communication of at least image data 02, according to the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 also for communication of image data 02 and / or Raster data 04, connected, which belong to a page to be printed Image data 02 and / or the at least one of the color separations of a page to be printed raster data 04 are preferably combined in each case in a corresponding file, wherein z.
• at least the computer 01 of the pre-press (FIG. 5) and / or the memory device 06 (FIGS. 1 to 3) are likewise connected to the network 19 for the communication of at least image data 02.
• the network 07 for preferably electronic communication of data to be processed in the prepress, the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press and / or the network 19 for electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 may be physically wired, z. B. each as a fiber optic cable, as a coaxial cable or as a twisted pair cable, or wirelessly be designed as a radio transmission link.
• the networks 07; 09; 19 can each z. B. in a known under the name Ethernet networking technology, also called Industrial Ethernet, be formed, for.
• Ethernet is largely standardized in the IEEE 802.3 standard, although details of the design of an Ethernet-based network can be found in this standard.
• the networks 07; 09; 19 are preferably each z. B. organized according to the TCP / IP protocol.
• At least two of the three described networks 07; 09; 19, preferably even all three described Networks 07; 09; 19, are combined into a single network, so all data required for operation of the printing press and for imaging the print image points of their form cylinder data are transported over a common network.
• a communication system which in a common network all necessary for the production of a printed network functions - starting from the prepress on the execution of the print job with the printing press to the collection associated with the print job related statistical data - has the not inconsiderable economic Advantage that physical signal lines and / or transmission links can be shared, whereby the installation effort to form the required network functionality is significantly reduced.
• the manufacturing process of a printed product of transparent and monitoring personnel becomes more controllable.
• a single central raster image processor 03 RIP
• raster data 04 for each of the color separations belonging to a page to be produced and preferably stores this raster data 04 in a storage device 06 serving as a data buffer.
• the raster image processor 03 can store the raster data 04 directly without a Forwarding buffering to at least one of the computer 17 designed as a data manager, so that the raster data 04 arrive in synchronism with the imaging to one of the control devices 14 of one of the respective imaging cylinders 13 assigned to the forme cylinder 12.
• the raster data 04 are thus in each case forwarded via the network 19 for the electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 to each computer 17 designed as a data manager, from which computer 17 the raster data 04 to the respective control device 14 is one of the respective one of the forme cylinders 12 associated imaging devices 13 are passed.
• the needs-based assignment of the raster data 04 to the right one Imaging device 13 takes place z. B. including an instruction of the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, since this computer 08 in particular by a communication with the computer 01 in the prepress about data z. B.
• the signal provided by the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is thus a control signal for the selective assignment of the raster data 04 to one of the imaging devices 13.
• the image data 02 and / or the raster data 04 can be transmitted to local, e.g. B. adapted the print image location or to be imaged printing form geometry conditions. Also, if necessary, corrections can be made to the image data 02 and / or raster data 04, wherein z. B. corrected a pillow and / or keystone distortion and / or a spread and / or scaling can be made to adjust. Likewise, a correction of the fan-out effect can take place.
• This adaptation and / or correction of the image data 02 and / or raster data 04 can alternatively or additionally provide that the control device 14 raster points determined by the raster image processor 03 (RIP) as a function of one at the print image location or on the image to be imaged Calibrated printing form to be applied ink and / or by a to be printed with the print image location or by the printing form to be imprinted substrate and / or that the control device 14 from Rasterimagereaor 03 (RIP) determined halftone dots in response to a signal of an arranged in the printing press, the printing process monitoring inspection system (not shown) calibrated, the inspection system in particular has a directed to the printed image with the printed substrate camera system and an image evaluation.
• the control device 14 raster points determined by the raster image processor 03 (RIP) as a function of one at the print image location or on the image to be imaged Calibrated printing form to be applied ink and / or by a to be printed with the print image location or by the printing form to be imprinted substrate and
• FIG. 2 which relates to the same type of printing machine with the same control functions as those described in connection with FIG. 1, unlike the embodiment shown in FIG Communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 realized a line or ring topology, wherein for the connection of the control devices 14, which are each assigned to one of the imaging devices 13, a simple redundancy to increase the reliability is provided.
• a computer 17 performing the function of a data manager is dispensed with, so that, for B.
• the compact routing of the data lines 16 is advantageous, but this advantage is achieved by a division of the transmittable bandwidth he buys.
• FIG. 3 which may refer to the same type of printing machine with the same machine unit 18 and / or the same control functions as those described in connection with FIG. 1, unlike that shown in FIG illustrated embodiment for the network 19 for communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 a Doppelsterntopologie realized, which means that all the control devices 14, which are each associated with one of the Be solderen 13, each preferably both to a first performing the function of a data manager computer 17th when are connected to a further, in particular second function of a data manager performing computer 17, wherein the first and the z. B. second each performing the function of a data manager computer 17 are each connected to the network 19 for the electronic communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04.
• the double-star topology can also be implemented without the use of computers 17 each having the function of a data manager.
• dual connection of the control devices 14, each associated with one of the imaging devices 13 to the network 19 for communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 also increases the reliability, because each of these control devices 14 preferably each with two each have the function of Data manager performing computers 17 is connected.
• Image data 02 and / or raster data 04 provided for a specific control device 14 are composed of the data packets arriving there at different times and / or via different transmission paths, if these image data 02 and / or raster data 04 were not fed to the control device 14 in a contiguous manner.
• image data 02 are respectively added to one, preferably several, e.g. , B. summarized in four different colors to print page and in the form of a file or a telegram via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 z. B. directed to at least one function of a data manager performing computer 17.
• Each of these files or telegrams sent from the prepress stage can also be sent directly to the respective control device 14 of the imaging devices 13 without the use of a computer 17 performing the function of a data manager.
• the computer 17 executing the function of a data manager forwards each file transported via the network 19 for electronic communication at least image data 02 with the complete information about a page to be produced by the control device 14 including the imaging device 13
• Dependence on an occupancy information or arrangement information provided by the computer 08 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press will carry out the imaging of the print image location for the subsequent printing of the print image.
• the image data 02 belonging to the pages is sent by the computer 17 performing the function of a data-bearing arrangement information or occupancy information relating to the at least one printing form to the print image location within the printing press with respect to the printing material.
• a data manager 17 can be the function of the assignment performed by a data manager 17 take into account various influences on the processing of the printing material or resulting from the intended processing of the printing material, eg. B. influences of transport devices on the substrate as well as z. As the number of web strands of the substrate, influences by the folder or the number of pages of the printed product to be produced.
• the assignment of each via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 transported file containing complete information about one of the pages of the printed product to be produced, to the respective control device 14 by one of the imaging devices 13 is z. B. either on the basis of data that have been added via the network 19 for communication at least of image data 02 transported file already from the computer 01 of the prepress, or this an assignment of pages to the individual print image sites performing data z.
• a file addressed with respect to a print image point with the complete information about a page to be produced passes from the computer 17 executing the function of a data manager via data lines 16 first to an interface 26 which is in each case connected to a control device 14 of an imaging device 13 and at least as a data interface.
• the Interface 26 preferably via a memory, in particular a shaky ngsresistenten memory, z. B. has a semiconductor memory, in which at least one provided at the interface 26 file is cached with the full information about a page to be produced.
• the interface 26 can also be designed as a hardware interface, which is physically connected to at least one of the data lines 16.
• each file received there with the complete information about a page to be produced optionally after a buffering associated with the interface 26 belonging to the control device 14 an imaging device 13 related decentralized Rasterimagereaor 03 (RIP) supplied from the in the file
• the image separation unit 13 separates and scans the color separation that is relevant for the relevant print image location, after which the imaging device 13 images the print form or the print image location on the forme cylinder 12 with a print image arranged on the forme cylinder 12 on the basis of the raster data 04 previously generated in the decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP) ,
• a decentralized raster image processor 03 RIP
• raster data 04 z In the memory associated with the respective interface 26 to decouple the screening process from the imaging process.
• this memory can only buffer a data stream required for imaging, ie. H. incoming data into the memory are recorded there only briefly during a current imaging process and immediately passed on to the next device requiring this data as needed.
• the decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP) provided in connection with each print image location are e.g. B. implemented in an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), that is firmly implemented.
• the decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP), as well as the interface 26 and / or the control device 14, also software technology, ie in the form of one of the corresponding Functions executing program to be trained and executed on a suitable computer. Since each decentralized Rasterimageratior 03 (RIP) only for a single z. For example, if four color separations have to perform the screening process, the performance of this decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP) can be reduced compared to a pre-stage raster image processor 03 (RIP).
• the concept of local image data processing described in connection with FIG. 4 has the advantage that the machine unit 18, with its printing units 11 and its various control devices, forms an autonomous unit which can independently process and evaluate image data 02 of a page to be produced received by the prepress.
• the area of the prepress and the area to be assigned to the actual printing process, which is designed in particular as a machine room, can be spatially widely separated from one another.
• the network 19 for the communication of at least image data 02 can also be a public, z. B. worldwide operating network, z. As the Internet or other suitable for communicating electronic data network over which network the files with the full information about a page to be produced z. B.
• the computer 01 of the prepress or at least the function of a data manager performing computer 17 each file with the complete information about a page to be produced In the "broadcasting" principle, for example, all the print image locations arranged in the relevant machine unit 18 are simultaneously directed, but only that interface 26 from the files transported via data lines 16, for example, is correct for them selects certain image information, whereby the image information intended for it results from which image information in Dependent on the arrangement information or occupancy information associated with that print image location with which this interface 26 corresponds. At least at each in or on the printing press arranged control device 14 of one of the imaging devices 13 can thus z. B.
• additional information ie eg the arrangement information or occupancy information
• further processing in particular a screening in a raster image processor 03 (RIP)
• RIP raster image processor 03
• decentralized raster image processor 03 RIP
• they are parallel, d. H. at the same time perform the screening process, which means a time advantage compared to a raster image processor 03 (RIP) centrally held in the prepress stage. The screening process can thus be carried out faster.
• FIG. 5 builds on the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. It is also provided in the machine unit 18 preferably in association with each print image location in each case a decentralized raster image processor 03 (RIP). In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a central file server 24 is provided, which is connected to the computer 01 in the prepress and / or to the control desk 08 and the from the field of Prepress provided image data 02 stores a preferably multicolored produced side of a printed product. To the respective one imaging device 13 controlling control devices 14 is z. B. sent from the computer 01 of the prepress only information for the identification and availability of one of the pages of the printed product to be produced.
• z. B sent from the computer 01 of the prepress only information for the identification and availability of one of the pages of the printed product to be produced.
• the control device 14 controlling an imaging device 13 fetches the file to the relevant page from the central file server 24, e.g. B. in a suitable file exchange FTP method (File Transfer Protocol).
• Each non-rasterized file stored in the central file server 24 contains the complete information about the complete page of the printed product to be produced.
• the rasterization process is performed as in the embodiment explained with reference to FIG. 4 using decentralized raster image processors 03 (RIP), wherein only the color separation required at the relevant print image location is selected from the file and then rasterized.
• the central file server 24 is z. B. connected via a dedicated line with the relevant machine unit 18.
• each file with the complete information on the side of the printed product to be produced can be selectively requested or retrieved selectively, ie in particular on the basis of the arrangement information concerning at least one print image location or occupancy information relating to the at least one print form.
• FIG. 6 shows an example of a detailed embodiment of the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, in particular for controlling Drives in the printing press, the printing machine z. B.
• several, here three printing towers 51 which in turn each have a plurality of printing units 53, here double printing units 53 have.
• the printing units 53 of a printing tower 51 together with their respective drive units 58 or control units 58 with their respective drive motor M a group 68, in particular a pressure point group 68, which is connected via a subordinate drive control 67 of this group 68 to a signal line 59.
• a computing unit 63, z. B. a parent drive control 63 can also subgroups 52 of printing units 53, z. B.
• the signal line 59 is also further, preferably each having its own subordinate drive control 67 units having, for. B. one or more vanes 57 and / or one or more folders 56 connected.
• the signal line 59 is here advantageously designed in a ring topology, in particular as a double ring, and has one or more of the properties mentioned in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5.
• the forming cylinders 12 of the printing units 52 are each assigned at least one imaging device 13 and a control device 14, as previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, wherein FIG. 6 shows the respective imaging device 13 and control device 14 for the sake of clarity are not shown.
• each imaging device 13 is connected in the manner described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5 in each case via at least one data line 16 to the network 19 provided for transporting image data 02 and / or raster data 04, it being possible to provide that in the printing machine laid lines for the transport of in connection with different networks 07; 09; 19 mentioned data and files are used.
• the drive units 58 or control units 58 are each assigned drive motors M which in each case have at least one signal line 59 directly or indirectly with each other and with a computing and data processing unit 61, z.
• the computing and data processing unit 61 may additionally comprise an operating unit or with an operating unit 60, for.
• As a control station 60 are in communication.
• the drive units 58 or control units 58 can in principle (not shown) in series directly in a ring, bus or other network structure or - as shown - be connected in a tree structure by signal lines 62 to the signal line 59.
• the at least one signal line 59 carries signals of a Leitachsposition ⁇ , which is predetermined by a higher-level drive control 63.
• the signal line 59 together with the arithmetic unit 63, represents the so-called virtual master axis 59, 63 (electronic wave) for the units connected to it, on which the units orient themselves in their position or position.
• This Leitachsposition ⁇ is passed to the drive unit 58 and control unit 58 as a default (command variable).
• the computing and data processing unit 61 supplies, in particular, a specification for the desired production speed to the higher-level drive control 63 and is thus connected to the drive units 58 or control units 58 via the higher-level drive control 63, the signal line 59 (transverse communication) and the signal lines 62.
• Each of the drive units 58 or control units 58 is a specific offset ⁇ "z. B. an angular offset .DELTA..PHI. "Predeterminable, which defines a permanent, but variable displacement relative to the Leitachsposition ⁇ .
• This offset ⁇ , z. B. input directly to the drive unit 58 or control unit 58 and / or via the computing and data processing unit 61 and / or stored for specific operating situations, in particular specific web guides in a memory in the computing and data processing unit 61 and retrievable.
• the signal line 59 is corresponding, for example as a broadband network, preferably as a real-time fieldbus, preferably as a standardized, e.g. B.
• the signal line 59 can also additionally each connected to a control system 74 which controls and / or regulates, for example, the actuators and drives of the printing units 52 or printing units 53 or folders 56, eg ink feed, positioning movements of rollers and / or cylinders, dampening unit, positions, etc., which are different from the drive motors M.
• a control system 74 which controls and / or regulates, for example, the actuators and drives of the printing units 52 or printing units 53 or folders 56, eg ink feed, positioning movements of rollers and / or cylinders, dampening unit, positions, etc., which are different from the drive motors M.
• SERCOS The fieldbus known under the name SERCOS is standardized in the international standard IEC 61491. Details of the configuration of a SERCOS fieldbus can be found in this standard.
• a fieldbus is an industrial communication system for networking a large number of field devices, with field devices being able to be designed as sensors, actuators or drives, and the data transmission security being based on the transmission paths, which are at least partially quite long, up to a few hundred meters between the decentralized ones arranged field devices despite the harsh environment in an industrial environment with their z. As wide temperature range, diverse pollution and intense electromagnetic interference is guaranteed.
• Different fieldbus systems with different properties have become established on the market, but basic characteristics of fieldbus systems are for example: B. standardized in the international standard IEC 61 158.
• the SERCOS fieldbus is particularly suitable for networking drives, in particular position-controlled drives.
• a third-generation SERCOS fieldbus called SERCOS III, utilizes the mechanisms of an Ethernet communication system and is real-time capable, ie the signal processing speed required to communicate field devices in a SERCOS network is at least as fast as the signal-generating or closed loop controlling processes, z.
• B. the rotation of the forme cylinder 12 in the printing press.
• Another commonly used fieldbus is known as PROFIBUS, with properties of this fieldbus being specified in particular in international standard IEC 61784 in conjunction with international standard 61158. In the configuration as PROFINET are designed for the PROFIBUS field devices z. B.
• a proxy or proxy server ie a mediating in traffic utility, or a special, also the traffic between field devices mediating I / O controller connected to an Ethernet communication system, a proxy data preferably for both directions of communication between field devices z. B. each in a valid in the respective communication direction, standardized format brings.
• the various networks (07; 09; 19) are preferably connected to one another via at least one switching center mediating in the data traffic between the networks (07; 09; 19), whereby this switching center can be designed as a proxy or controller.
• the offset ⁇ , during operation or production of the printing press on the drive unit 58 or control unit 58 itself, but in particular via the computing and data processing unit 61 can be changed.
• the offset values ⁇ , for the various drive units 58 or control units 58 can also be stored in the higher-level drive control 63 in a variant.
• each drive unit 58 or control unit 58 receives via the signal lines 59; 62 (or in series: only 59) as a specification, the sum of the rotating Leitachsposition ⁇ and the specific, stored offset value ⁇ , the respective drive unit 58 and control unit 58th So follow all drive units 58 and control units 58, for example, the drive units 58 and control units 58 of the first two z. B.
• the signal line 59 is connected to a plurality of, here two, higher-level drive controllers 63, which each have mutually different signals of a respective master axis position .phi.a; ⁇ b a control axis in the signal line 59 can feed.
• a control axis in the signal line 59 can feed.
• the individual printing towers 51 can be assigned, for example, to different folders 56. Even within a printing tower 51 are subgroups, z. B. printing units 53, different webs of the printing material with different web guides assignable, which can be performed on a common or even on different folders 56.
• the sections 71; 72 are logically not to be understood as rigid units, but as cooperating machine units 18.
• the two, higher-level drive controls 63 each form a section control device 23, as previously described in connection with Figures 1, 4 and 5.
• the higher-level drive controllers 63 obtain their specifications with respect to Starting point and production speeds of the respective section 71; 72 and / or web guide from a respective associated computing and data processing unit 61, which in turn are connected to at least one control station 60.
• the two computing and data processing units 61 are connected to one another via a signal line 64 and to another signal line 73, which connects a plurality of, here two, control stations 60 to one another.
• the three signal lines 59; 64; 73 thus form different levels of the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press.
• the files to be transported in the network 19 for the communication of image data 02 and / or raster data 04 are transported at least via the signal line 73, but possibly also via the signal line 64, wherein preferably the control stations 60 and / or the arithmetic logic and data processing units 61, the respective ones on the signal lines 64; 73 to manage data to be transported and / or files with regard to their respective required data flow and feed it to their respective destination or in a z. B. held as a file server 24 trained memory ready to call.
• the entire network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press is preferably formed in all its different control levels Ethernet-based, z. As a SERCOS Ill fieldbus or as a PROFINET fieldbus.
• the subordinate drive control 67 processes each of the associated for the respective drive unit 58 and control unit 58 Leitachsposition ⁇ a; ⁇ b the leading axis, depending on the affiliation of the relevant print image to the one or other lane, with the offset value ⁇ , given for this lane guidance.
• the transmission to the subordinate drive controllers 67 in this example does not take place directly but via a control system 74 which is assigned to the respective group 68 or to the unit (eg folder 56) having its own subordinate drive control 67.
• the control system 74 is connected to the signal line 64 (or to the computing and data processing unit 61) either via its own signal lines 75, for example, or else line sections of the signal lines 75 form part of the signal line 64 implemented as network 64.
• the control system 74 controls and / or regulates For example, the different of the drive motors M actuators and drives of the printing units 52 and groups of printing groups 68 and printing units 53 and folders 56, z. B. ink supply, positioning movements of rollers and / or cylinders, dampening, positions, etc.
• the control system 74 has one or more (in particular programmable logic controller) 76 on.
• This control unit 76 is connected to the subordinate drive control 67 via a signal line 77. In the case of a plurality of control units 76, these are also interconnected by the signal line 77.
• the control system 74 and its control unit (s) 76 is / are in an advantageous embodiment by unillustrated coupler, z. B. each designed as an interface card network coupler, z. B. by a proxy, releasably connected to the signal line 64.
• the group 68 can in principle be operated alone, the control of the drive units 58 or control units 58 via the train of the subordinate drive control 67 with the signal line 62 and the control of the further functions of the group 68 via the train of the control system 74.
• Setpoints as well as actual values and deviations can be switched on or off via the coupler.
• the subordinate drive control 67 assumes the specification of a master axis position ⁇ in this case. For this reason, and for reasons of redundancy, it is advantageous if all subordinate drive controls 67 with the possibility of generating and specification of a Leitachsposition ⁇ are formed.
• the offset values ⁇ are thus supplied in the embodiment of FIG. 6 from the signal line 64 via the respective control system 74 of the relevant subordinate drive control 67.
• the offset values ⁇ alternatively, can be given from there to the drive units 58 or control units 58 and stored and processed there.
• the parent drive control 63 can be omitted if z. B. one or more groups 68 or one of its own subordinate drive control 67 having units (eg, folding unit 56) has a subordinate drive control 67.
• the virtual master axis or Leitachsposition ⁇ is then z. B. predetermined by one of the drive controls 67.
• This procedure avoids an increased data flow via the signal line 59 leading the leading axis. It does not have many different, on the respective drive units 58 or control units 58 already adapted data packets are passed through this signal line 59. This would have a significantly reduced possible signal rate with respect to the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58.
• the subordinate drive controllers 67 only manage a very limited number of drive units 58 or control units 58, so that the data in the signal lines 62 can be handled accordingly. However, this is not comparable to the number of all, one entire section 71; 72 associated drive units 58 and control units 58th
• Each of these drive units 58 or control units 58 is a specific offset value .DELTA..PHI., Which assigns each of the relative target position to the Leitachsposition ⁇ ; .phi.a; ⁇ b expresses the assigned leading axis.
• ⁇ are based essentially on purely geometric conditions. On the one hand, they depend on the selected web guide, ie on the web path between the individual units. On the other hand, they can depend on a random or selected zero position of the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58. The latter is omitted for the individual drive unit 58 or control unit 58, when their defined zero position coincides with the zero position of the leading axis.
• Fig. 7 shows a simplified representation of a folding apparatus 81 of the printing press by way of example. Preferably, a plurality of strands 82 of the formed as a material web, previously printed in the printing substrate run each of a z. As motor driven Switzerlandzencrubin 83 pulled into the folder 81, wherein z.
• folding blades 92 are also mounted, which are each extended upon reaching a gap 93 (depending on the collection or normal operation each or every multiple times) between the transport cylinder 87 and a downstream in the transport direction of the printing material jaw cylinder 94 to the on Transport cylinder 87 transported copies of the printed product to the jaw cylinder 94 to pass and fold.
• the jaw cylinder 94 in the circumferential direction uniformly spaced z. B. as many jaws (not shown) on how the number of folding blades 92 and / or the holding devices 91 on the transport cylinder 87, in particular seven.
• the folded copies of the printed product are transferred from the jaw cylinder 94 to a paddle wheel 96 and from this to a delivery device 97, z. B. a conveyor belt 97, designed.
• a device for forming a third fold ie a second longitudinal fold, be provided (not shown).
• the folding apparatus 81 which likewise constitutes a machine unit 18 of the printing machine, like a printing unit 11, is likewise preferably integrated into the network 09 for controlling and / or monitoring the printing press, for example by means of a printer.
• each of the imaging devices 13 provided in the printing machine can be controlled in conjunction with their respective control device 14 as a function of the folding product to be produced in the folding apparatus 81.
• at least one print image location to be imaged can be controlled as a function of a cut register of the folding apparatus 81.
• Printing unit sub-assembly printing unit printing unit, double printing unit - folding folder guiding element drive unit, control unit signal line, connection operating unit, control center computing and data processing unit, computer signal line, network, bus computing unit, drive control, superior signal line, network - - drive control, subordinate group, pressure point group -

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