EP1825401A1 - Systeme d'information - Google Patents

Systeme d'information

Info

Publication number
EP1825401A1
EP1825401A1 EP05803642A EP05803642A EP1825401A1 EP 1825401 A1 EP1825401 A1 EP 1825401A1 EP 05803642 A EP05803642 A EP 05803642A EP 05803642 A EP05803642 A EP 05803642A EP 1825401 A1 EP1825401 A1 EP 1825401A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
factor
value
input
values
factors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05803642A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1825401A4 (fr
Inventor
Kalle FÄRKKILÄ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polyadaptive IRP Oy
Original Assignee
Polyadaptive IRP Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polyadaptive IRP Oy filed Critical Polyadaptive IRP Oy
Publication of EP1825401A1 publication Critical patent/EP1825401A1/fr
Publication of EP1825401A4 publication Critical patent/EP1825401A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising

Definitions

  • the invention relates to information systems, and more particularly to an information system that provides computed results on the basis of values derived from a plurality of uncontrolled information sources.
  • the input subsystem is formed of a plurality of information sources that are con ⁇ trollable entities, wherein the content and the timing of the input from each en- tity follows a predefined rule.
  • the output of the information system thus reflects directly the status of process, and basically the sole source of uncertainty in ⁇ troduced by the input subsystem lies in the operational reliability of the entities.
  • Operational defects of entities are relatively easy to detect and prior art pro ⁇ vides numerous procedures and methods for diagnosing and locating defective entities in information systems. These methods do not, however, apply to as ⁇ suring reliable performance in information systems where operation of the in ⁇ formation sources is not directly controllable by the operator of the information system.
  • the accuracy of the results of such information systems correlates to the number of values available for the computations by the information sour ⁇ ces. This, however, imposes a technical problem to the information system.
  • the points of interest to be valued within the information system should cover as many areas of interest as possible.
  • the infor ⁇ mation system should allow unlimited bursts of information in order to maintain the voluntary level of freedom for the independent information sources. This means that the input and/or the output of the information system needs to be dynamically adaptable so as to allow focusing to the areas of interest of the information source that currently interacts with it.
  • Prior art information systems that provide results on the basis of values derived from a plurality of uncontrolled information sources comprise essentially two categories: researches and questionnaires.
  • the information sources essentially comprise parties that independently release printed or electronic material, for example articles, sta- tistics, recommendations etc. for public use.
  • the information in the publications is collected by a service provider from a variety of sources, compiled into a research result, which is then made commercially available. This procedure comprises bringing the data from a number of various different sources into mutual conformance and the stage of processing data is thus extremely labori ⁇ ous.
  • the information sour ⁇ ces comprise respondents of a questionnaire and the values comprise re ⁇ sponses, typically numerical representations illustrating the opinion of the re ⁇ spondents.
  • the questionnaire is implemented by means of an informa ⁇ tion system that provides results on the basis of values derived from a plurality of voluntary respondents, the primary reward is the valuable information formed by such computed results.
  • the respondent is required to submit a completely filled form, or filled up to some predefined level, he or she has to provide answers also on several areas that he or she is not familiar with or not at all interested in.
  • the respondent is not required to submit a completely or nearly filled form, he may hoax the reward by provid ⁇ ing answers only here and there. This leads to deficient amount of values to be computed, severely disrupts the accuracy of the results, and thus deteriorates the technical performance of the information system.
  • An object of the present invention is thus to define an information system where the above technical problem is alleviated.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved by an information system, a server, a method, and a computer program product, which are characterized by what is stated in the independent claims.
  • the preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
  • the invention is based on an interactive reciprocity mechanism ar ⁇ ranged between the input subsystem, the output subsystem, and the process ⁇ ing subsystem between them.
  • the processing subsystem has a database comprising a plurality of records, each comprising an identity field. Each point of interest in the real world corresponds to a unique factor in the database, and a factor is identified by the value in the identity field of a record. The mutual hierarchy of the points of interest is replicated into the mutual hierarchy of the factors in the database.
  • the values in the identity field are predefined by the operator of the information system and each identity value comprises a prede ⁇ fined position indicator that allows determining of the position of the factor in the layered hierarchical structure of the factors.
  • the records comprise one or more value fields for storing input values and/or result values computed on the basis of the values in the input records from a plurality of information sources.
  • the input subsystem thus receives an input from a particular user, and generates an input record thereof.
  • the input record comprises an identity field that identifies the point of interest, and one or more input values for that point of interest.
  • the input record is delivered to the database, and a new re ⁇ sult value of each of the factors is computed on the basis of the result value of the factor currently in the database and the value for the factor received in the input record.
  • An advantage of the invention is that is simultaneously enables of ⁇ fering points of interest in a plurality of areas of interest, and controlling of the input and output operations so that a source of information is rewarded only in proportion to his or her submitted information.
  • a service provider may model the hierarchy of the points of interest in the plural ⁇ ity of areas of interest, and limit the provision of results to the points of interest included in the inputs of that particular information source.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the functional architecture of an information sys ⁇ tem according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 comprises a functional description of an application server according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 comprises a functional description of a client workstation according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 the information structure applied in the present embodi ⁇ ment of the invention
  • Figure 5 illustrates an example of the hierarchical information struc ⁇ ture in the context of assessing listed companies
  • Figure 6 illustrates an example of an individual user view
  • Figure 7 illustrates the information structure of Figure 5 with three exemplary metrics
  • Figure 8 shows an example of a polyadaptive attribute matrix corre ⁇ sponding to the information structure of Figure 6;
  • Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment of a method according to the present invention.
  • the present invention can be applied to any information system where computed results on the basis of input values derived from a plurality of independent information sources may be used as a reward output to the same information sources.
  • independent in this context refers to a mode of operation where the element receiving the information has no direct control to the timing and extent of the information submitted by the source of information.
  • An information source may be any element capable of providing a value to a point of interest.
  • the invention is illustrated by means of an information system where the information source corresponds to a user of the information system.
  • the information source may as well be an electrical device, for example a meter, a sensor or the like, which has been arranged to independently feed in values to the information system.
  • Such device may be, for example a measuring device attached to the car, arranged to measure a number of operating parameters (for example, milometer rate, ambient temperature, humidity, etc) of the car whenever the car is started, and to send the parameters to the information system to be utilized for mainte ⁇ nance and/or research purposes.
  • the present invention is therefore especially applicable to a client/server infrastructure without, how- ever, excluding the centralized infrastructures of mainframe computers.
  • the connection for implementing the access may comprise fixed or wireless con ⁇ nection, or a combination of each.
  • an informa ⁇ tion system for collecting assessment information on one or more contractors from one or more participators, and for providing consensus information com ⁇ puted on the basis of the received assessments.
  • a contractor represents an object of the assessment, and may thus be, for example, an entity (a com ⁇ pany, an organization) or a consumable (product or service).
  • a participator represents a party that, for some reason, has an interest in the company, and is therefore willing to provide opinion on the factors related to the contractor, and to access computed consensus information on such factors.
  • participators in the present embodiment comprise investors, suppliers, cus ⁇ tomer, analysts, and the like.
  • Such an information system is particularly appli ⁇ cable to research of subjective opinions on immaterial or immaterial factors, but for a person skilled in the art it is clear that the invented solution may, however, be advantageously applied to creation of any consensus information that is computed based on a plurality of assessments of interested entities. Additionally, due to translating the intangible factors into numerical data, the embodied information system allows parallel utilization of tangible and intangi ⁇ ble factors. Typically there are involved a plurality of contractors and participa ⁇ tors and the value of the information on a contractor correspond directly with the number of valid assessments thereof. The validity of consensus informa ⁇ tion, and thus the performance of the system are critically based on the effi ⁇ ciency of collecting assessments.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the functional architecture of an informa ⁇ tion system according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the system com ⁇ prises a server 100 and one or more clients 110, 120 mutually interconnected by means of network 130, advantageously, but not restricting to, a packet switched network.
  • a server 100 refers herein to a computer device that provides a service for other computers that are connected to it via a network.
  • the connection between clients 110, 120 and the server 100 is performed by means of TCP/IP message passing over the IP network 130, and uses http or proprietary protocol to encode the client's requests and the server's responses. While TCP and IP specify two protocols at specific protocol layers, TCP/IP is used herein to refer to the entire protocol suite based upon these, including telnet, FTP, UDP and RDP.
  • the server may run continuously (as a daemon), waiting for requests to arrive or it may be invoked by a higher level daemon controlling a number of servers.
  • the network 130 may be implemented as a radio access network or as a fixed network or a combination of each.
  • the server 100 is configured with server processes 101 , 102 corre ⁇ sponding to different types of clients.
  • Client PA 110 illustrates a participator client for participator client processes, corresponding to which there exists an participator server application process PS 101.
  • a participator is a party utilizing the offered service, i.e. the party providing the assessments and utilizing the resulting consensus information.
  • Client CS 120 illustrates a contractor client for contractor client processes, corresponding to which there exists an contractor server application process CS 102.
  • a contractor is a party upon which the as- sessments are made and to whom the resulting consensus information is also of utmost importance.
  • the network node comprises processing means 21 , an element that comprises an arithmetic logic unit, a number of special registers and control circuits.
  • processing means 21 an element that comprises an arithmetic logic unit, a number of special registers and control circuits.
  • memory means 22 Connected to the processing means are memory means 22, a data medium where computer-readable data or programs or user data can be stored.
  • the memory means typically comprise memory units that allow both reading and writing (RAM), and a memory whose contents can only be read (ROM).
  • the unit also comprises an interface block 23 with input means 24 for inputting data for internal processing in the unit, and output means 25 for outputting data from the internal processes of the unit.
  • Examples of said input means comprise a plug-in unit acting as a gateway for information delivered to its external connection points.
  • the application server AS may also comprise a keypad, or a touch screen, a microphone, or the like.
  • Examples of said output means include a plug-in unit feeding information to the lines con ⁇ nected to its external connection points.
  • For outputting information to the user of the application server AS they may also comprise a screen, a touch screen, a loudspeaker, or the like.
  • the processing means 21 , memory means 22, and interface block 23 are electrically interconnected for performing systematic execution of operations on the received and/or stored data according to the predefined, essentially programmed processes of the unit.
  • the operations comprise functionality for implementing the operations of the server according to the invention, as described herein.
  • the implementation of the described mechanisms in the client is il ⁇ lustrated by referring to Figure 3 that comprises a functional description of a client workstation 110, 120, acting as a terminal in the embodied information system.
  • the workstation comprises processing means 310, an element that comprises an arithmetic logic unit, a number of special registers and control circuits.
  • memory means 315 Connected to the processing means are memory means 315, a data medium where computer-readable data or programs or user data can be stored.
  • the memory means typically comprise memory units that allow both reading and writing (RAM), and a memory whose contents can only be read (ROM).
  • the workstation also comprises an interface block 320 with input means 325 for inputting data by the user for internal processing in the unit, and output means 330 for outputting user data from the internal processes of the unit.
  • Examples of said input means comprise a keypad, or a touch screen, a microphone, or the like.
  • Examples of said output means comprise a screen, a touch screen, a loudspeaker, or the like.
  • the workstation also comprises a communication unit 335 configured with receiving means 340 for receiving in ⁇ formation and processing it for inputting to the processing means 310, as well as with transmitting means 345 for receiving information from the processing means 310, and processing it for sending.
  • the implementation of such a com ⁇ munication unit is generally known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the process- ing means 310, memory means 315, interface block 320, and the communica ⁇ tion unit 335 are electrically interconnected for performing systematic execu- tion of operations on the received and/or stored data according to predefined, essentially programmed processes of the unit.
  • the operations comprise the functionality of the client workstation according to the invention, as described herein.
  • the essential element of the invented information system is the pre ⁇ defined hierarchical structure of the factors that provides a holistic perspective to relevant points of interest in the applied environment and allows reception of information bursts generated according to the scope of interest of and time available to the participator in question.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the information structure of the factors applied in the present embodiment.
  • a basic element of the embodied information structure is a factor F 41.
  • a factor F refers to assessment information on one unique point of interest and comprises an identity field ID that is predefined by the operator of the in ⁇ formation system, and one or more value fields V for values derived for the assessed point of interest.
  • the identity field ID comprises a descriptor part DE and a position indicator Pl part.
  • the descriptors DE are predefined for the cur ⁇ rent contractor group by the operator of the information system and are utilized as such for each of the contractors.
  • the position indicators Pl comprise rules, values of characters, based on which the position of the attribute in the layered hierarchic structure may be defined.
  • the position indicator may comprise a reference to a parent factor the current factor is subordinated to.
  • the factor F is advantageously associated with a verbal definition that, as such, clearly defines the characteristic of a factor to the users of the embodied information system.
  • the one or more values in the value fields V carry the evaluation assigned to or computed for the factor F.
  • the factors homogenize the conception of the points of interest with respect to a plurality of contractors and participators, especially in continuous, recurring use.
  • the factors can be flexibly adapted to a particular application area and for different types of contractors.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary matrix of predefined factors appli ⁇ cable to one group of contractors.
  • the factors are organized into a hierarchical structure, wherein one or more factors 41 forms a factor group 42, which again is a member of a higher-level group 43, and so forth.
  • a factor group 42 which again is a member of a higher-level group 43, and so forth.
  • Each member of any group is a factor and the total depth of the hierarchical structure corresponds to the number of levels of groups on top of the other, when all the predefined fac ⁇ tors are taken into account, and each level of groups 42, 43 corresponds to a layer in the hierarchical structure.
  • the use of position indicators Pl allows di ⁇ recting operations controllably either to individual factors or to members of hi ⁇ erarchical layers individually.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an example of the correspondence between the hierarchy of the factors and the layers of the hierarchical attribute matrix by an example of an industrial application for generating consensual information on non-financial value drivers of listed companies to the equity market.
  • consensus reflects the agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole. This means that consensus is essen- tially associated with human perception and, contrary to the more axiomatic conclusions, typically involves a semantic aspect. This has traditionally made consensus very difficult to manage and practical tools for modeling and thereby utilizing consensus information do not currently exist. As an example, in the equity market, the decisions whether to sell or buy are typically made quickly, primarily based on the latest information available on the company in question and often through an intuitive and instantaneous interpretation on the validity of that information.
  • the first level of factors of the exemplary assessment is related to the identification of the Company 5.
  • the next level of factors comprises six main groups of Fundamentals 51 , Technicals 52, Extended financials 53, Business performance 54, Management 55, and Miscellaneous 56, the posi ⁇ tion indicator of each factor comprising a reference to the parent factor Com ⁇ pany 5.
  • the main group Business performance 54 is further divided into three subgroups: Market share 541 , Product performance 542, and Product selec- tion 543, the position indicator of each factor comprising correspondingly a ref ⁇ erence to the parent factor Business performance 54.
  • the subgroup Product selection 543 divides further into six subgroups innovativeness 543A, Design 543B, Quality 543C, Feature sets 543D, Competitiveness 543E, Customer sat ⁇ isfaction 543F, the position indicator of each factor comprising correspondingly a reference to the parent factor Product selection 543.
  • a point of interest of the market performance of the assessed company in general i.e. how the market share is divided, how have the products performed, how does the product selection look like in the competitive terms, may be assessed by a value given to a factor Business per- formance.
  • the identity field of the factor comprises the descriptor "Business performance” 54 and reference to the parent factor "Company" 5, which posi ⁇ tions the attribute to the second highest layer in the matrix.
  • the user may evaluate the business performance of the Company to be satisfactory.
  • the assessment of this factor may, however, be brought into a deeper level by analyzing separately the particular aspects of the factor.
  • a point of interest of the competitiveness of the selection may be assessed by a value given to the factor Product selection 543.
  • the parent factor to the factor Product selection 543 is the factor Business performance 54, whose parent is the factor Company 5. This positions the attribute Product selection 543 to the third highest layer in the matrix.
  • attributes subgroups innovativeness 543A, Design 543B, Quality 543C, Feature sets 543D, Competitiveness 543E, Customer satisfaction 543F provide voluntary means for even deeper analysis on this particular aspect of the value driver.
  • the number of applied layers corresponds to the dimensions of the factor matrix, and the level of analysis may thus be selected and managed automatically at identification of the factor. Furthermore, the decision whether to open a group for more detailed assessment is available to the user at every layer.
  • the combination of factors and values input within one session are hereinafter referred to as a trace.
  • the block chart of Figure 6 illustrates the factors of an exemplary trace in the embodied information system.
  • the trace is automatically generated through the user's choices during the session.
  • the highest level of the trace corresponds to the choice of the highest level of fac ⁇ tors.
  • the participator decides to assess factors in main groups A, B, and C (marked with black colouring). This means that none of the subgroups of the main group D are included in the trace of the session.
  • the user decides not leave out any subgroups, but on the second level decides to leave out two factors 61 , 62 of the third subgroup of main group C, and the first subgroup 63 of the first subgroup of the main group A.
  • the lower layer fac ⁇ tors 64 and 65 are automatically left out.
  • the participator further chooses not to provide assessment for third layer factors 66, 67, 68, and 69, which are thus left out of the trace.
  • the user interface of the client workstation is con ⁇ figured to provide the user with a display that follows the hierarchical structure of the factors.
  • the display may be configured to display factors in such a way that factors of the same layer are vertically aligned, as shown in Figure 5. Subsequently, the relationship to the higher level attributes may be illustrated in the display by connecting lines, intentions, etc.
  • an assessment comprises step of assigning one or more numeral values to one or more factors.
  • assessment of a contractor comprises assigning numerical values to the factors, based on their personal view on the current status of the points of interest in the com ⁇ pany.
  • the assess ⁇ ment is made by means of numerical values.
  • the embodiment is, however, further enhanced by provision of more than one metrics for each factor.
  • Figure 7 illustrates the information structure of Figure 5 shown with three exemplary metrics employed in the embodied assessment.
  • the first met ⁇ ric is denoted as the score S and corresponds to a mark in the range of 1-10.
  • the second metric is denoted as the weight W and corresponds to the relative weight of the factor in question in relation to the other factors within the same group in question in relation to the other factors within the same group, in the range of 1 -100%.
  • the third metric is denoted as info I and gauges the level of knowledge the participator perceives to possess on the factor in question, in the range of 1-100%.
  • info I gauges the level of knowledge the participator perceives to possess on the factor in question, in the range of 1-100%.
  • a user gives his or her input through the user interface of the client workstation for one or more fac ⁇ tors.
  • This generates an input record, the input record comprising identification of the factor and values for one or more of the metrics S, W, I applied to that factor.
  • the client workstation may comprise a pre-processing unit for pre ⁇ processing the records in the user end, or the client workstation may be con ⁇ figured to send the records as such to the server, or the records may be partly processed in either ends.
  • a trace comprising the as ⁇ sessed factors and values given is produced.
  • processing in the embodied information system comprises averaging of the values to a con ⁇ sensus value of the lowest subgroup and averaging the consensus values of each lower subgroup into the grade of the higher subgroup.
  • the grade values are multiplied with the weight and information values, and this figure is stored as a personal consensus value of the factor.
  • a computation is performed with the total consensus values of the factor matrix and the personal consensus values of each of the factors in the trace and the updated consensus values for the factors are stored into the database.
  • reciprocal consensus information refers to the mecha ⁇ nism that, reciprocally, the participator will be provided with information only on factors for which that he or she has submitted values for.
  • RCI reciprocal consensus information
  • Figure 7 the white triangles and the figures in parenthesis represent, as an example, the current consensus values that have been become available to the participator after he or she has first provided his or her view on the topic.
  • the format of displaying the reciprocal consensus information is not relevant for the current invention.
  • RCI thus relates to a concept where, when a participator provides an opinion on a factor, collective information on the other participators opinions on that same factor is made available to him.
  • cumulative information on partici ⁇ pator's submitted traces are maintained in the database of the server, and maintained by means of a polyadaptive attribute matrix.
  • the polyadaptive at- tribute matrix refers here to the dynamically changing matrix for the consensus values of the factors, continuously computed on the basis of the input records received from individual users, and made accessible to each user in a con ⁇ trolled reciprocity according to the traces submitted by him.
  • Figure 8 shows a hypothetical two-dimensional example of the ex- tent of user's traces in consecutive assessment inputs to a polyadaptive attrib ⁇ ute matrix PAM.
  • Each item of the polyadaptive attribute matrix comprises a consensus value Ri computed for the factor from the values received in the plurality of traces from all users as described above. Additionally, for each consensus value of a factor, a consensus number N 1 is calculated, based on the cumulative number of traces where a value for this particular factor is given.
  • the basic principle of the RCI of an individual participator is that it corresponds directly with his or her personal inputs, a cumulative trace gener ⁇ ated on the basis of traces in consecutive assessment inputs of the participa- tor. This means that the more factors the traces of the participator cover, the broader view to the consensus values will be available to the participator.
  • a broader trace AI2 is gen ⁇ erated.
  • the operator may generate one or more consensus rules that further define a valid consensus. For example, it may be defined that as long as Ni ⁇ TLi, where TU is a defined trigger level, a true con ⁇ sensus is not recognized. In such case, the consensus value is either not in ⁇ cluded in the RCI accessible to the user or is, for example, arranged to be dis- played differently than the recognized consensus results.
  • Separate consensus rules may be defined for each group or layer of the polyadaptive attribute ma ⁇ trix.
  • the responses are processed at the same time, and the lifetime of the information begins to run right after the end of the term for responding.
  • the information will not be updated before the release of new questionnaire, and in the course of time the accuracy (in the sense of topicality) of the collected consensus information deteriorates.
  • the only way to control the rate of updating the informa ⁇ tion in such conventional systems is by the frequency of sending out the up- dates. Since answering a questionnaire is a laborious task, the rate of con ⁇ secutive questionnaires must, on the other hand, be kept on a moderate level.
  • the performance of the system is enhanced by means of a reciprocity expiration mechanism, through which the timely validity of the information may be controllably improved. In the following, the mechanism is illustrated by referring to Figure 8.
  • the server is configured with a functionality for defining and maintaining a RCI-window.
  • This RCI-window may be used to control whether a value in the polyadaptive attribute matrix is accessible to the user or not.
  • the elements of the RCI window each correspond to a combination of e- lements of the polyadaptive attribute matrix, and have two possible states: OPEN and CLOSE, (marked correspondingly as o and c in Figure 8).
  • OPEN the consensus value corresponding to that element is accessible to the user
  • the element of the RCI- window is CLOSED the consensus value corresponding to that element is not accessible to the user.
  • the state of the elements in the RCI-window is determined on the basis of a reciprocity expiration factor (REF). Initially all the elements in the RCI-window of the polyadaptive attribute matrix for the participator are CLOSED. Each time a participator provides a trace comprising a particular fac ⁇ tor, an element of the RCI-window that corresponds to the factor is updated to OPEN state. Through this transition, the participator gets access to the con ⁇ sensus values of the factors in the trace, as described above. Each time a par ⁇ ticipator inputs a new trace, the REFs of the elements that correspond to the combinations of attributes in the trace, are also reset.
  • REF reciprocity expiration factor
  • the REF After reset the REF is being updated, either continuously based on one or more update rules, or by the operator, in response to some sudden changes in the operative environ ⁇ ment.
  • the state of an element in the RCI-window is determined based on the current value of its REF, whereby at updating a REF of an element may reach a predefined threshold value. In this case the state of the element changes to CLOSED, and the user is no longer able to access the corresponding consen- sus value in the polyadaptive attribute matrix.
  • Updates on the value of REF of a factor may be based on, for ex ⁇ ample:
  • the update rules may be mutually interconnected or independent.
  • One rule may be arranged to drive the REF beyond the threshold, or alterna- tively, a combined effect of several rules may be required to trigger the transi ⁇ tion of an RCI-window element to the CLOSED state.
  • the RCI- window element of factor 81 is updated to OPEN state and the REF of the element is reset to an initial value of 100 points.
  • the REF is be- ing updated by deducting points P1 , P2, P3, P4, P5 derived from calculations according to the following rules.
  • the RCI-window element for factor 81 is closed.
  • N corresponds to a predefined number of points per day
  • M corre- sponds to a number of days since the last trace that comprised a record re ⁇ lated to factor 81 ,
  • the service implemented through the information system is valuable to the contractor side already as such, i.e. from the perspective of the contrac ⁇ tor acting as a participator.
  • the performance of the system may be further enhanced with additional means for serving the needs of the contractors.
  • the system may be equipped with additional filtering means in order to eliminate, for example, deliberate attempts to bias the consensus.
  • additional filtering means may comprise, for example, a filter unit arranged to disqualify in ⁇ put values that deviate from the consensus value with a percentage greater than a predefined threshold.
  • the information system allows the operator to actively follow the in ⁇ formation sources related to the assessable entities, and act whenever deemed appropriate.
  • the methodology of reciprocity may be optimally utilized to enhance the operation of the information system in the contractor side as well.
  • the operator may configure the server with secondary reciprocity means configured to operate so that a contractor, who actively submits press releases comprising information relevant in view of one or more factors of the polyadaptive attribute matrix, is in response to his or her volun ⁇ tary inputs, allowed access to consensus values of those factors for a defined period.
  • the definition on the extent of reciprocity may be implemented by means of rule processor that correlates a voluntary submission of a contractor to a specific RCI-window.
  • a listed company may, through its own user account, submit information on its new revolutionary product.
  • the rule processor sets elements in the contractor's RCI-window to OPEN access to consensus information on factor 543 Product selection ( Figure 5).
  • the rule processor resets the REF, that will thereafter expire within a limited time interval.
  • This secondary reciprocity mechanism in the contractor side will induce increased activity in assess ⁇ ments, accelerate the update rate of the information input, and therefore im- prove the overall performance of the information system.
  • the flow chart of Figure 9 illus ⁇ trates an embodiment of a method according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 shows a procedure followed in consecutive sessions of one participator.
  • Step 910 begins in the initial state of the information system where a database comprises a polyadaptive attribute matrix of N elements.
  • the RCI- window RCIW of the participator for each of the N elements is in the CLOSED state.
  • the procedure is initiated by initializing the trace counter /for counting the number of traces submitted by the participator.
  • the participator sends in a trace TRi as described in connection of Figure 6.
  • the trace TRj comprises a number of records, each corresponding to a factor iden ⁇ tified by a combination of attributes in the record.
  • the reciprocity expiration factor of the elements in the RCI-window RCIW corresponding to these factors is reset.
  • step 930 the elements of the RCI- window of all these factors is set to OPEN.
  • New consensus values are com- puted based on the earlier stored values in the polyadaptive attribute matrix and on the values in the trace TRi and updated to the polyadaptive attribute matrix according to the computations (step 935).
  • the updated con ⁇ sensus values with whose RCI-window elements are OPEN are available to be accessed by the participator.
  • the updating of REF values will start right after their reset (step 935
  • step 940 the system checks (step 945) whether the participator has input another trace, and if yes, increments the trace counter / (step 950), and returns to step 920. If no new trace is received, the system will continue by monitoring the expiry of the reciprocity information. This is initiated by first de ⁇ termining the cumulative number n of elements currently OPEN (step 955) in the RCI-window. After this the element counter j is initialized (step 960). By means of j the system will go through all n elements and check (step 965) whether the expiration rule for the RCI-window element is met. If yes, the RCI- window element of the factor is closed (step 970).
  • step 975 it is checked whether all n elements have been checked. If not, the element counter j is incremented (step 980) and the proce ⁇ dure returns back to step 965. If yes, the procedure returns back to step 935.

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Abstract

Système d’information comprenant une station de travail, une base de données et des moyens de connexion pour donner accès à la base de données à partir de la station de travail. Un enregistrement d’entrée comprend l’identification d’un facteur et au moins une valeur d’entrée liée au facteur. Une unité informatique calcule une nouvelle valeur de résultat sur la base de la valeur de résultat actuelle du facteur et de la valeur du facteur dans l’enregistrement d’entrée. Une unité de commande ouvre à l’utilisateur les valeurs de résultat des facteurs identifiés dans l’enregistrement d’entrée et les valeurs de résultat des facteurs dans une relation dominante avec le facteur, et ferme à l’utilisateur les valeurs de résultat des facteurs absents dans l’enregistrement d’entrée. La solution permet simultanément d’offrir des centres d’intérêt dans une pluralité de zones intéressantes et de commander les opérations de sorte qu’une source d’information est récompensée seulement en proportion des informations soumises. (Figure 1).
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FI119342B (fi) * 2006-08-17 2008-10-15 Polyadaptive Ipr Oy Parannettu laite ja menetelmä, jotka käyttää matriisitietovarastoa

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WO2001008023A1 (fr) * 1999-07-27 2001-02-01 Acappella Software, Inc. Procede d'assemblage et d'utilisation d'une base de connaissances
US20020095405A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-18 Hitachi America, Ltd. View definition with mask for cell-level data access control
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WO2003038718A2 (fr) * 2001-10-29 2003-05-08 Equifax, Inc. Systeme et procede facilitant les echanges reciproques d'informations financieres concernant les petites et moyennes entreprises

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WO2001008023A1 (fr) * 1999-07-27 2001-02-01 Acappella Software, Inc. Procede d'assemblage et d'utilisation d'une base de connaissances
US20020119433A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-08-29 Callender Thomas J. Process and system for creating and administering interview or test
US20020095405A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-18 Hitachi America, Ltd. View definition with mask for cell-level data access control
WO2003038718A2 (fr) * 2001-10-29 2003-05-08 Equifax, Inc. Systeme et procede facilitant les echanges reciproques d'informations financieres concernant les petites et moyennes entreprises

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WO2006051166A8 (fr) 2006-08-31
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IL183012A0 (en) 2007-08-19
EP1825401A4 (fr) 2009-09-02
FI117657B (fi) 2006-12-29
FI20045433A0 (fi) 2004-11-10

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