EP1824740B1 - Procede d'application d'une capsule sur le col d'une bouteille en plastique pendant le remplissage de ladite bouteille - Google Patents

Procede d'application d'une capsule sur le col d'une bouteille en plastique pendant le remplissage de ladite bouteille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1824740B1
EP1824740B1 EP05793963A EP05793963A EP1824740B1 EP 1824740 B1 EP1824740 B1 EP 1824740B1 EP 05793963 A EP05793963 A EP 05793963A EP 05793963 A EP05793963 A EP 05793963A EP 1824740 B1 EP1824740 B1 EP 1824740B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
bottle
capsule
substance
neck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05793963A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1824740A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf MÜHLEMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RM Beteiligungs AG
Original Assignee
RM Beteiligungs AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RM Beteiligungs AG filed Critical RM Beteiligungs AG
Publication of EP1824740A1 publication Critical patent/EP1824740A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1824740B1 publication Critical patent/EP1824740B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/24—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes
    • B65D51/28—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes with auxiliary containers for additional articles or materials
    • B65D51/2807—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes with auxiliary containers for additional articles or materials the closure presenting means for placing the additional articles or materials in contact with the main contents by acting on a part of the closure without removing the closure, e.g. by pushing down, pulling up, rotating or turning a part of the closure, or upon initial opening of the container
    • B65D51/2814—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes with auxiliary containers for additional articles or materials the closure presenting means for placing the additional articles or materials in contact with the main contents by acting on a part of the closure without removing the closure, e.g. by pushing down, pulling up, rotating or turning a part of the closure, or upon initial opening of the container the additional article or materials being released by piercing, cutting or tearing an element enclosing it
    • B65D51/2821—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes with auxiliary containers for additional articles or materials the closure presenting means for placing the additional articles or materials in contact with the main contents by acting on a part of the closure without removing the closure, e.g. by pushing down, pulling up, rotating or turning a part of the closure, or upon initial opening of the container the additional article or materials being released by piercing, cutting or tearing an element enclosing it said element being a blister, a capsule or like sealed container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/20—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for adding cards, coupons or other inserts to package contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/162—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by feeding web material to securing means
    • B65B7/164—Securing by heat-sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/24—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes
    • B65D51/28—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes with auxiliary containers for additional articles or materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for filling a plastic bottle with neck and the attachment of a capsule with at least one enclosed therein, to be dispensed into the plastic bottle material according to the preamble of claim 1, and a plastic bottle with attached to the bottle neck capsule according to the preamble of claim 11 ,
  • plastic bottles are available on the market for a few years, which are combined with a capsule in which a substance to be applied in the plastic bottle is kept.
  • a particularly well-known embodiment is known from WO 98/40289 known.
  • a first version is described in which a tablet is located in a cavity of a closure which is closed by a lid. During the initial opening of this lid is pierced and the tablet falls into the container.
  • This solution is in terms of durability claims and hygiene insufficient because the tablet is not in a separate capsule
  • the tablet is in a capsule and is removed therefrom by means of a piercer and falls into the liquid portion underneath. Since the capsule remains in the spout area of the closure, the closure must be unscrewed after the initial opening and the capsule removed. This is cumbersome for the consumer and is hardly understood. The consumer will be annoyed at most about the poor pouring properties of the closure.
  • the invention has the object to show a plastic bottle with mounted on the bottle neck capsule, which can be realized by the method according to claim 1.
  • This object is achieved by a plastic bottle with a cap attached to the neck of the bottle with the features of claim 11.
  • From the dependent claims 2 to 10 show advantageous embodiments of the method, while the dependent claims 11 and show the following advantageous embodiments of the plastic bottle.
  • the end product to be obtained consists of a filled plastic bottle with a bottleneck on which a capsule is placed.
  • the capsule contains a substance to be dispensed, which may be present either in solid form, in tablet form, in powder form or even in liquid form.
  • the plastic bottle which is generally designated 1, is preferably made of plastic and has a bottleneck 2. At the bottleneck 2 an outer surrounding collar 3 is formed. Of course, the existing here collar is not relevant to the actual process.
  • On the bottleneck 2 is a capsule, the denoted overall by 4, welded.
  • a closure 5 is placed on the bottleneck 2 .
  • the closure 5 has a guarantee strip 6, which surrounds the collar 3.
  • the closure 5 is provided with a drinking spout 7, which can be closed with a sealing cap 8.
  • the closure 5 has a capping wall 9 with internal thread 10. From the warranty position shown here, the closure can be screwed into a position of use. In this case, the capsule 4 is pierced and its contents get into the existing in the plastic bottle 1 liquid.
  • the more precise embodiment of the closure is not the subject of the present invention and its exact configuration will therefore not be described here.
  • the steps a) to c) are surrounded by a dot-dashed frame.
  • This dot-dashed frame is intended to schematically represent that these steps take place in an aseptic chamber 20.
  • the aseptic chamber 20 is in itself a closed chamber in a bottling plant and is thus integrated in this system.
  • a filling line 11 is introduced into the plastic bottle 1 and this filled to the desired level with the liquid to be filled.
  • the plastic bottle 1 is conveyed to a welding station and there with a first membrane 12 sealed. In principle, both the terms are welded and sealed equivalent used.
  • the membrane is coated on both sides with a sealable layer.
  • This layer is a thermoplastic weld with the container neck.
  • the membrane itself which is preferably made of aluminum, is attached by means of a seal on the bottle neck 2.
  • an electrically heated sealing or welding punch 13 is present, by means of which the connection of the membrane is effected with the container neck.
  • the plastic bottle 1 is completely sealed by means of the first membrane 12.
  • the electrically heated forming die 14 moves away and the first membrane 12 can then optionally be brought into its final form purely mechanically or thermally. Accordingly, the first membrane 12 may already be applied in its final form or in the subsequent step in the figure c) be brought, for example, with a heated punch 14 in the final form.
  • the plastic bottle 1 sealingly closed off by the first membrane 12 now leaves the aseptic chamber 20 and can now be sterilized as an optional intermediate step in the container itself.
  • This intermediate step is in the FIG. 1 represented as d). After sterilization can, in principle Now the filled container, which is sealed tight, be stored before the next steps take place.
  • the sealed container 1 is now introduced into a drying space 30.
  • the drying space 30 can also be designed as a clean room at the same time.
  • a substance 16 to be introduced into the container is now applied to the first membrane 12 already welded onto the neck of the bottle.
  • this substance 16 can be in tablet form as shown here, but it is quite possible that this substance 16 is applied in powder or in a liquid, pasty form on the first membrane 12.
  • the first membrane 12 is designed accordingly.
  • a second membrane 17 is placed thereon.
  • This second membrane 17 may already be preformed.
  • This second membrane 17 may for example be an aluminum foil again.
  • This aluminum foil can be printed, anodized or again have another coating that is to satisfy substantially aesthetically.
  • this coating can prevent erosion of the film. Since, as already mentioned, the first membrane 12 is provided on both sides with a heat seal layer may be, the second membrane 17 no longer needs to carry a sealing layer.
  • the second membrane 17 is now placed over the first membrane 12, wherein at least come to lie over the container neck surfaces of the first and second membrane congruent to each other. In the following step, which is shown in the drawing with f), the second membrane 17 is now welded onto the first membrane 12.
  • the second membrane 17 will be designed approximately equal to the first membrane 12, so that the largest possible interior space is formed.
  • the first membrane may be more deeply drawn than the second membrane or vice versa. This in turn depends essentially on the consistency of the substance to be housed in the capsule 4 to be filled. If this substance is a liquid, of course, the second membrane can also be designed absolutely plan.
  • the first membrane 12 can be provided on both sides with a heat seal layer which can be processed at approximately the same temperature. It is more advantageous, however, with the first membrane on one side a low-temperature-sealing layer and on the other side to be provided with a high-temperature-sealing layer.
  • the first membrane 12 with the low-temperature sealing layer will be welded onto the container or bottleneck.
  • the second high-temperature sealing layer then remains uninvolved. Accordingly, the second membrane 17 is then welded onto the high-temperature sealing layer at a correspondingly higher temperature.
  • the second membrane 17 is not provided with a heat seal layer.
  • both membranes are provided with a heat-sealable layer.
  • the first membrane 12 is now provided with a heat seal layer which is welded at a higher temperature, while then the second membrane 17 is welded onto this first membrane at a lower temperature than before. Accordingly, the second membrane has a low-temperature-sealing layer.
  • the first membrane 12 as well as the second membrane 17 can of course be designed uni- or multilaminar.
  • the materials from which these membranes can be made are extremely varied.
  • For the deep-drawn or preformed membranes are of course most likely membranes made of aluminum or plastic or a mixture thereof.
  • aluminum-laminated paper foils are also suitable.
  • metal-coated plastic films are generally suitable for the membranes.
  • the heat-sealing layer is however in any case the outermost coating.
  • a bottled according to this method bottle provides a high shelf life of the introduced product. Thanks to the relatively low temperatures with which the membranes can be attached thanks to the corresponding hot-seal coatings, the temperature influence on the substance 16 to be introduced is also extremely low. If necessary, the drying room can also be cooled accordingly.
  • the first membrane can also be a plane membrane. This is particularly useful if then on this membrane in 'the bottle to be dispensed drug is already applied in encapsulated form and thus the second membrane is part of this capsule.
  • the first membrane may be double-sidedly provided with a heat seal layer, and it is convenient for the heat seal layer to be on the container neck to be a low temperature sealing layer, while for a sealing layer to be used with the second membrane which is part of a capsule designed higher temperature range. This procedure allows a logistical and storage technically particularly easy to handle product to achieve.
  • a manufacturing technology particularly simple solution, which also requires little investment, is that the diameter of the capsule membranes are larger than that Diameter of the bottle neck 2.
  • the second membrane which is part of the capsule, centric placed on the first membrane and now the closure or a part of a multi-part closure pressed so that the capsule held in a form-fitting crimp on the bottle neck and from the Lock or a closure part is kept secured.
  • this type of mounting will advantageously manufacture all membranes made of aluminum or aluminum composite.
  • the membranes can be designed so that a plurality of chambers are formed and correspondingly different active ingredients can be delivered.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif de remplissage d'une bouteille en matière plastique avec un col et pour la mise en place d'une capsule avec au moins une matière contenue dans cette dernière, à distribuer dans la bouteille en matière plastique, caractérisé par la séquence d'étapes suivante :
    a) remplissage sous conditions aseptiques de la bouteille en matière plastique
    b) application par soudage d'une première membrane sur le col de la bouteille
    c) application directe ou indirecte de la matière à distribuer dans la bouteille en matière plastique sur la membrane soudée
    d) fixation de la matière à distribuer par une membrane supplémentaire et liaison de la membrane supplémentaire avec la première membrane ou avec le col de la bouteille
    e) mise en place d'une fermeture sur le col de la bouteille dans une première position de garantie d'une première ouverture sécurisée sur la capsule formée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la première membrane s'applique sous la forme d'une rondelle plate de film embouti, comportant une coupelle de réception pour la matière à appliquer sur celle ci.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, après ou lors de l'application par soudage, la première membrane subit une thermodéformation, de sorte à ce qu'il se forme au moins une coupelle de réception pour la matière devant être appliquée dessus, pour être distribuée dans la bouteille.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique la deuxième membrane sous la forme d'une membrane préformée, bombée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première membrane est une membrane plane et en ce qu'on applique indirectement sur celle ci le principe actif, sous forme encapsulée, le film de la capsule venant s'appliquer sur la première membrane d'ores et déjà montée étant la deuxième membrane pour la fixation de la matière à distribuer.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le membrane supplémentaire est un film présentant un diamètre qui est supérieur au diamètre du col de la bouteille et en ce que par appui de la fermeture, elle se maintient sur le col de la bouteille en l'entourant et elle est fixée sur le col de la bouteille au moyen de la fermeture ou d'un élément de la fermeture.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la membrane supplémentaire est l'un des deux films pour la formation de la capsule, et en ce que le film est un film aluminium ou un film contenant de l'aluminium.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape b), on stérilise le contenu de la bouteille scellée, et en ce que les étapes supplémentaires suivent ensuite.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise au moins les étapes c) et d) dans une chambre de séchage.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, au moins les étapes a) à d) s'effectuent dans des conditions de chambre stérile selon la directive concernant les matériaux et objets destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1, la première membrane étant munie sur une face d'une couche de scellement basse température et sur l'autre face d'une couche de scellement haute température, caractérisé en ce qu'on soude la première membrane sur le col de la bouteille et en ce qu'on soude ensuite la deuxième membrane sur le couche haute température de la première membrane.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1, la première et la deuxième membranes comportant chacune une couche de scellement, mais pour des plages de températures différentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on soude la première membrane à une température plus élevée, adaptée à la couche de scellement appliquée, alors qu'on soude la deuxième membrane à une température plus basse que précédemment la première membrane sur la première membrane.
  13. Bouteille en matière plastique avec une capsule montée sur le col de la bouteille, fabriquée selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que, au moins la première membrane comporte une couche thermosoudable pour une première plage de températures pour l'application par soudage sur le col de la bouteille et en supplément un deuxième revêtement de laque de scellement, qui est disposé sur la deuxième face de la première membrane et qui est adapté pour une deuxième plage de températures.
  14. Bouteille en matière plastique selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que, au moins la première membrane comporte deux ou plusieurs creux moulés pour des matières différentes ou à distribuer successivement.
  15. Bouteille en matière plastique selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que le col de la bouteille comporte un collet de protection, qui est en liaison par complémentarité de forme avec un ruban de garantie, qui est disposé sur l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi d'enveloppe périphérique.
  16. Bouteille en matière plastique selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la première membrane est une membrane plane et en ce que la deuxième membrane est également une membrane plane d'une capsule, dans laquelle la matière à distribuer est d'ores et déjà intégrée.
EP05793963A 2004-11-26 2005-10-26 Procede d'application d'une capsule sur le col d'une bouteille en plastique pendant le remplissage de ladite bouteille Not-in-force EP1824740B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH19472004 2004-11-26
CH14152005 2005-08-30
PCT/CH2005/000596 WO2006056082A1 (fr) 2004-11-26 2005-10-26 Procede d'application d'une capsule sur le col d'une bouteille en plastique pendant le remplissage de ladite bouteille

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1824740A1 EP1824740A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
EP1824740B1 true EP1824740B1 (fr) 2008-06-11

Family

ID=35463807

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05793963A Not-in-force EP1824740B1 (fr) 2004-11-26 2005-10-26 Procede d'application d'une capsule sur le col d'une bouteille en plastique pendant le remplissage de ladite bouteille

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US7886504B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1824740B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4828546B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20070083595A (fr)
CN (1) CN101039841B (fr)
AT (1) ATE398081T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005309300B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2582650A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005004427D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2308554T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1824740E (fr)
RU (1) RU2384494C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006056082A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2096041A1 (fr) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-02 Nestec S.A. Fermeture avec compartiment de stockage intégré
WO2009111901A2 (fr) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Rm Beteiligungs Ag Procédé de remplissage d'un contenant en plastique comportant un goulot et d'application d'un capuchon sur le goulot

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US2631521A (en) * 1953-03-17 Beverage mixing container
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ES167545Y (es) * 1971-04-01 1972-02-16 Alvarez Gil Lloret Recipientes para bebidas compuestas.
JPS5536041B2 (fr) * 1972-04-28 1980-09-18
JPS56137737A (en) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-27 Anritsu Corp Phase-synchronizing circuit
GB2210014A (en) 1987-09-24 1989-06-01 Davina Mary Instone A medicine and beverage package
US5224601A (en) * 1990-07-18 1993-07-06 Rhone-Poulenc Ag Company Water soluble package
DE4219063A1 (de) * 1992-06-11 1993-12-16 Wella Ag Vorrichtung zum Mischen zweier Komponenten
US5992677A (en) * 1995-12-12 1999-11-30 Ebine; Akemi Dual compartment beverage container
US5711420A (en) * 1996-02-20 1998-01-27 Canning Concepts, Inc. Apparatus for dispensing a substance in a liquid beverage
FR2750397B1 (fr) * 1996-06-28 1998-08-07 Oreal Dispositif pour le stockage separe d'au moins deux produits, leur melange et la distribution du melange ainsi obtenu et procede de fabrication
CN2271508Y (zh) * 1996-09-20 1997-12-31 赵承侠 棘轮旋开式溶质与溶剂分隔瓶塞
GB9701160D0 (en) 1997-01-21 1997-03-12 Parkinson Sidney Medicament dispenser
EP0857662B1 (fr) * 1997-02-10 2002-01-16 Kettner GmbH bouteille, capuchon de bouteille, procédé et machine pour le remplissage aseptique, à froid des boissons
AU728008C (en) 1997-03-12 2004-09-16 Fredrick Michael Coory Cap for a container
US6513650B2 (en) * 1997-10-14 2003-02-04 Biogaia Ab Two-compartment container
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US6786330B2 (en) * 1997-10-14 2004-09-07 Biogaia Ab Two-compartment container
GB2364699A (en) 2000-07-14 2002-02-06 Ashley Sims Bottle closure with capsule
IT1316941B1 (it) * 2000-10-25 2003-05-13 Lameplast Spa Flacone per prodotti estemporanei bicompenenti.
US7279187B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2007-10-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Mineral fortification systems
US7077291B1 (en) * 2003-04-07 2006-07-18 Scott Bell Package assembly with foamed topping

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2308554T3 (es) 2008-12-01
KR20070083595A (ko) 2007-08-24
JP4828546B2 (ja) 2011-11-30
DE502005004427D1 (de) 2008-07-24
US7886504B2 (en) 2011-02-15
AU2005309300B2 (en) 2011-05-12
AU2005309300A1 (en) 2006-06-01
PT1824740E (pt) 2008-09-24
CA2582650A1 (fr) 2006-06-01
RU2007123703A (ru) 2009-01-10
RU2384494C2 (ru) 2010-03-20
US20080006599A1 (en) 2008-01-10
JP2008521708A (ja) 2008-06-26
WO2006056082A1 (fr) 2006-06-01
CN101039841B (zh) 2010-11-17
CN101039841A (zh) 2007-09-19
EP1824740A1 (fr) 2007-08-29
ATE398081T1 (de) 2008-07-15

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