EP1818959A1 - Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verstärkten elektrischen Kontakten - Google Patents

Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verstärkten elektrischen Kontakten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1818959A1
EP1818959A1 EP07290086A EP07290086A EP1818959A1 EP 1818959 A1 EP1818959 A1 EP 1818959A1 EP 07290086 A EP07290086 A EP 07290086A EP 07290086 A EP07290086 A EP 07290086A EP 1818959 A1 EP1818959 A1 EP 1818959A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fixed
contact
electrical switch
elements
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07290086A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1818959B1 (de
Inventor
Alain Fontanet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Legrand SNC
Legrand France SA
Original Assignee
Legrand SNC
Legrand France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Legrand SNC, Legrand France SA filed Critical Legrand SNC
Priority to PL07290086T priority Critical patent/PL1818959T3/pl
Publication of EP1818959A1 publication Critical patent/EP1818959A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1818959B1 publication Critical patent/EP1818959B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical switches which comprise stationary and mobile contact elements capable of generating, at the passage of the current, an electromagnetic field which creates a force of attraction of said contact elements between them.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the realization of an intersection or a switch.
  • the contact areas between the fixed and moving contact elements are of small surface area.
  • the passage of the current is then concentrated on these surfaces of small dimensions, which causes a necking of the current creating electromagnetic fields at the origin of Laplace forces pushing said moving contact elements out of contact with said fixed contact elements.
  • An electric arc can then be created between the fixed and moving contact elements.
  • Such an electric arc has adverse consequences on the operation of the electrical switch. For example, it can develop a thermal power that can superficially melt parts of said fixed and movable contactors which, if they come into contact with each other, can be welded together.
  • switches In order to avoid this phenomenon of magnetic repulsion between the fixed and mobile contact elements, switches have been developed in which said moving contactor elements are capable of generating, at the passage of the current, an electromagnetic field which creates a force of attraction said contacting elements fixed and movable with each other.
  • the current in each of the moving contact elements must be split into exactly two equal parts. In fact, if it splits into two unequal parts, the value of the forces of attraction falls sharply. Thus, it is necessary that the moving contact elements have similar geometries. It is also necessary that the electrical resistances formed by the contact zones between the different fixed and moving contactor elements are identical. This implies that the electrical switch comprises on each movable contactor element additional support mechanical support, such as a spring, so that the pressures applied at the contact areas by the two movable contact elements are equal, which increases the cost and difficulty of implementation of the electrical switch.
  • the two turns have, for the passage of the plate through them, openings which reduce the intensity of the electromagnetic fields they generate.
  • the position of the two turns relative to each other does not allow them to create around the moving contact element a uniform electromagnetic field and significant intensity. Therefore, in order to create a magnetic field sufficient to counter the repulsive effects, the turns must have significant dimensions, which makes them bulky. This size is further increased by the arrangement of the turns in the extension of one another.
  • the elongated shape of the turns allows only a small clearance in height of the plate to open or close the electrical contact between the turns. Therefore, when the electrical switch is open, if the potential difference between the two turns is large, the small distance between the ends of the plate of the ends of turns may cause dangerous arcing.
  • the present invention proposes an electrical switch provided with a limited number of parts, less expensive to produce and easier to assemble.
  • an electrical switch comprising two fixed contactor elements and a movable contactor element adapted to electrically connect two contact zones of the two fixed contactor elements located on one axis, the two fixed contactor elements having turns forms.
  • the movable contact member having a lamella shape which is arranged between the two fixed contactors and whose greatest length extends parallel to the turns, the two fixed contact elements being adapted during the passage of the current, to create, in the space in which is located said moving contactor element, an electromagnetic field oriented in a direction different from that of the axis passing through the two contact zones, to create on the movable contactor element a pulling force directed towards said contact areas.
  • the shapes and positions of the fixed contactor elements make it possible to create a relatively uniform electromagnetic field between the turns and of high intensity, which is oriented so that it generates a Laplace force to counteract the repulsive forces.
  • the Laplace forces being proportional to the angle formed between the direction of the electromagnetic field and that of the current in the moving contactor element (which corresponds here to the direction of the axis passing through the two contact zones), the position of the movable contact element generates maximum attraction forces. Furthermore, a single mobile contactor element is sufficient here to implement the electrical switch according to the invention, which reduces its cost of production.
  • the moving contactor element since the moving contactor element is located between the turns, it can deviate from the two contact zones by a large height, for example equal to the height of the turns.
  • a large height for example equal to the height of the turns.
  • each turn is formed by a thin lamella of significant height extending in a rectangle.
  • the spiral-shaped fixed contactor element when traversed by an electric current, it produces an electromagnetic field in a direction normal to the plane of the turn.
  • the movable contactor element which advantageously extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to the plane of the turn, is then subjected to a Laplace force of significant value oriented perpendicularly to its length in the direction of the contact zones of the fixed contactor elements. .
  • the coil extending in a rectangle shape, its size is reduced, which reduces the overall size of the electrical switch.
  • the lamella constituting said fixed contact member comprises on at least a part of its length a return oriented towards the other fixed contactor element.
  • each contact zone of each fixed contacting element extends in a plane comprising the directions of the electromagnetic field and the axis passing through the two contact zones.
  • the movable contactor element comprises two rivets adapted to cooperate with two rivets arranged on each contact zone of each fixed contactor element.
  • the contact surfaces between the movable contact member and the contact areas comprise a calibrated area so that the repulsion forces to be countered have values that can be approximated.
  • each fixed contactor element has a shape adapted, during the passage of the current, to create, in the space in which is located said movable contactor element, a uniform electromagnetic field.
  • the two turns formed by the fixed contacting elements are arranged coaxially and parallel to one another and are separated from each other by a distance equal to the width of the openings which they delimit internally. in a position called Helmholtz.
  • Helmholtz coils form a device consisting of two circular turns of the same radius, parallel, and placed coaxially at a distance from each other equal to their radius. By circulating an electric current in these turns, a magnetic field is created in their vicinity which has the particularity of being relatively uniform. This device has the advantage of being efficient while being inexpensive.
  • the turns are not circular, for reasons of space, but they are arranged in the position of Helmholtz, so that their performances are almost identical to those of circular turns.
  • the electromagnetic field created by the turns has a maximum value.
  • each of the fixed and mobile contactor elements is made of copper.
  • the fixed contact elements are identical.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows an electrical switch 1 to be connected to two branches of an electrical circuit to open or close.
  • This electrical switch 1 here a modular apparatus, comprises a housing 2 in the form of a rectangular wafer, in which are arranged two fixed contactor elements 10, 20 and a movable contactor element 30 which is controlled in position by means control unit 40 for electrically connecting the two fixed contact elements 10, 20.
  • the housing 2 has a bottom wall 2A and a front face accessible to a user, and four side walls, two main.
  • each fixed contact element 10, 20 has an identical shape adapted, during the passage of an electric current in the electrical switch 1, to create an electromagnetic field B. More precisely, each fixed contact element 10, 20 has a first portion 10A, 20A intended to be connected to a branch of said electric circuit, and a second portion in the form of a turn 10B, 20B.
  • the first parts 10A, 20A of the fixed contact elements each consist of a thin strip extending in a plane parallel to the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2, along the same axis V but in opposite directions.
  • the turns 10B, 20B are each constituted by a thin slat having a large section height. Each lamella extends in a plane parallel to the main lateral faces of the casing 2, and forms a square loop defining a square central opening. The planes in which the two turns 10B, 20B extend are therefore parallel to each other and are separated from each other by a distance equal to the width of the central openings that the turns delimit internally.
  • Each turn 10B, 20B thus has four straight branches including a first lower leg 13A, 23A which is fixed to the bottom wall of the housing 2 and which is connected to the first portion 10A, 20A of the corresponding fixed contactor element 10, 20 .
  • the free end of this first branch has an elbow oriented towards the other fixed contacting element 10, the upper edge of which is connected to the first part 10A, 20A of the corresponding fixed contact element 10, 20.
  • the fourth branch 13B, 23B of each turn extends to near the first branch 13A, 23A so that each turn is almost closed.
  • the end of this fourth branch 13B, 23B is also bent and extends in a plane parallel to the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2, in the direction of the other fixed contact element 10, 20. This bent end then forms a contact zone 11, 21 facing towards the front of the housing 2.
  • the movable contactor element 30 forms a rectangular lamella whose greatest length extends in a direction of axis V parallel to the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2 and the plane of the turns 10B, 20B. It is arranged between the two turns 10B, 20B. More precisely, the two turns being arranged facing one another, they delimit between them a space in which is disposed the movable contactor element 30.
  • the two ends of the movable contactor element 30 and the contact areas 11, 21 of the fixed contact elements 10, 20 are each pierced with an opening accommodating a rivet 12, 22, 32 fixed by welding.
  • each of the fixed contactor elements 10, 20 and mobile 30 is made of a non-magnetic conductive material such as copper.
  • the rivets are in turn made of silver to limit the resistive losses at the contact points between the rivets 12, 22, 32 of the fixed switching elements 10, 20 and mobile 30.
  • control means 40 of the electrical switch 1 comprise a base 43 fixed to the movable contactor element 30 and extending longitudinally from this movable contactor element towards the front face of the housing 2.
  • the control means 40 further comprise an axis 41 which is pivotally mounted between the two main side walls of the housing 2, close to its front face, and which has two stable angular positions.
  • This axis 41 has on its cylindrical wall two tabs 41A, 41B spaced angularly from one another, including a first tab 41A protruding from the front face of the housing 2 to be manually manipulated by a user.
  • the other tab 41B is connected by a rod 42 to the base 43 so as to transform a rotational movement of the axis 41 into a translation movement of the base 43 towards the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2.
  • the movable contactor element 30 In a stable position of the axis 41, the movable contactor element 30 is in contact with the two fixed contactor elements 10, 20, and in the other, it is out of contact.
  • control means 40 comprise a return spring 44 placed in compression between the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2 and the movable contactor element 30.
  • the slats which form each turn 10B ', 20B' comprise over at least a part of their length a return 15, 25 directed towards the other fixed contactor element 10 ', 20'.
  • each turn 10B ', 20B' is folded over its entire length in a plane parallel to the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2 to form a flange which is fixed to the same bottom wall.
  • Each fixed contactor element 10, 20 then has a lower height and therefore a smaller footprint without its electromagnetic characteristics are substantially modified.
  • the user rotates the axis 41 so that the base 43 exerts a normal support on the movable contact member 30 so that its two rivets 32 come into contact with each of the rivets 12, 22 of the fixed contact elements 10, 20.
  • each fixed contactor element 10, 20 generates, as shown more particularly in FIG. 4, a uniform electromagnetic field B between the two turns 10B, 20B, whose field lines are directed in the space defined between the two turns, in a direction W orthogonal to the plane of the turns.
  • the movable contactor element 30, which is disposed in this space, is exposed to this electromagnetic field B. However, since it is traversed from one of its ends to the other by an electric current, it is subjected to a force Laplace called attraction force F, directed towards the bottom wall 2A of the housing 2.
  • This attraction force F has the effect of attracting the movable contact element 30 in contact with the fixed contact elements 10, 20.
  • the repulsion forces Fr take very large values. They are advantageously countered by the attraction force F which also increases proportionally to the square of the value of the current flowing through the moving contactor element 30.
  • the user can act on the axis 41 in order to put the moving contact element 30 out of contact with the fixed contact elements 10, 20.

Landscapes

  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
EP07290086A 2006-02-13 2007-01-23 Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verstärkten elektrischen Kontakten Not-in-force EP1818959B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07290086T PL1818959T3 (pl) 2006-02-13 2007-01-23 Przełącznik elektryczny zawierający wzmocnione elementy stykowe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0601234A FR2897469B1 (fr) 2006-02-13 2006-02-13 Dispositif de commutation electrique aux contacts electriques renforces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1818959A1 true EP1818959A1 (de) 2007-08-15
EP1818959B1 EP1818959B1 (de) 2008-07-16

Family

ID=37057355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07290086A Not-in-force EP1818959B1 (de) 2006-02-13 2007-01-23 Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verstärkten elektrischen Kontakten

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1818959B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE401657T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602007000035D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2309977T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2897469B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1818959T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2562778A1 (de) * 2011-08-26 2013-02-27 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Leistungskontaktvorrichtung zur elektrodynamischen Kompensation bei hohen elektrischen Strömen
WO2014004967A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Siemens Industry, Inc. Electrical contact apparatus, assemblies, and methods of operation
EP4177918A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH Systeme zum schalten von kontakten mit selbstkompensation der holm-abstossung und schaltvorrichtungen damit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2900496B1 (fr) 2006-04-28 2016-01-01 Legrand France Actionneur sensible a une surintensite electrique et a declenchement rapide, et application

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4467301A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-08-21 Essex Group, Inc. Electric switch having enhanced fault current capability
JPS63237317A (ja) * 1987-03-25 1988-10-03 松下電工株式会社 接点装置
FR2795226A1 (fr) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-22 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Module de commutation multipolaire

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4467301A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-08-21 Essex Group, Inc. Electric switch having enhanced fault current capability
JPS63237317A (ja) * 1987-03-25 1988-10-03 松下電工株式会社 接点装置
FR2795226A1 (fr) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-22 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Module de commutation multipolaire

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2562778A1 (de) * 2011-08-26 2013-02-27 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Leistungskontaktvorrichtung zur elektrodynamischen Kompensation bei hohen elektrischen Strömen
FR2979474A1 (fr) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-01 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de contacts de puissance a compensation electrodynamique
US8674793B2 (en) 2011-08-26 2014-03-18 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Power contact device with electrodynamic compensation in the presence of high currents
RU2592634C2 (ru) * 2011-08-26 2016-07-27 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Силовое контактное устройство с электродинамической компенсацией при наличии высоких токов
WO2014004967A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Siemens Industry, Inc. Electrical contact apparatus, assemblies, and methods of operation
KR20150028830A (ko) * 2012-06-29 2015-03-16 지멘스 인더스트리 인코포레이티드 전기 접점 장치, 조립체, 및 작동 방법
EP4177918A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH Systeme zum schalten von kontakten mit selbstkompensation der holm-abstossung und schaltvorrichtungen damit
EP4177916A1 (de) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-10 Tyco Electronics Componentes Electromecânicos Lda System von schaltkontakten mit kompensation der holmabstossung und schaltvorrichtung damit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE401657T1 (de) 2008-08-15
ES2309977T3 (es) 2008-12-16
FR2897469A1 (fr) 2007-08-17
PL1818959T3 (pl) 2008-12-31
DE602007000035D1 (de) 2008-08-28
FR2897469B1 (fr) 2009-07-10
EP1818959B1 (de) 2008-07-16

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