EP1816656B1 - Electric cable protected against corrosion - Google Patents

Electric cable protected against corrosion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1816656B1
EP1816656B1 EP20070300763 EP07300763A EP1816656B1 EP 1816656 B1 EP1816656 B1 EP 1816656B1 EP 20070300763 EP20070300763 EP 20070300763 EP 07300763 A EP07300763 A EP 07300763A EP 1816656 B1 EP1816656 B1 EP 1816656B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
neutral conductor
conductor
screen
metal
cable
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EP20070300763
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1816656A2 (en
EP1816656A3 (en
Inventor
Sophie Wasiuta
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Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/028—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients with screen grounding means, e.g. drain wires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cable for the transmission of electricity comprising a neutral conductor for grounding through a screen.
  • Each phase or neutral conductor is made of one or more electrically conductive wires.
  • Each of the phase conductors comprises an insulating envelope surrounding the son or son.
  • the neutral conductor does not have an insulating envelope.
  • a metal screen surrounds the live and neutral conductors. This screen touches the neutral conductor (not insulated) over most of its length and is therefore in electrical contact with the neutral conductor.
  • the screen, and therefore also the neutral conductor is connected to a reference potential, usually the potential of the earth for grounding.
  • a protective sheath generally of synthetic material surrounds the screen.
  • Grounding the screen and the neutral conductor provides good protection for third parties who come into contact with the cable.
  • These cables can indeed be buried and, during work, the accidental contact of an electrically conductive tool with the cable is not excluded. Bodily injuries, which can be fatal, are therefore to be feared. It is therefore essential to ensure an excellent grounding of these cables and thus to design a particularly effective neutral screen-conductive system.
  • the screen must be mechanically strong so as not to be accidentally punctured or broken.
  • the cables must also resist corrosion due to the environment that can be polluted.
  • the pollution may be that of the air in the rope lifts or that of the earth when the cable is buried.
  • Corrosion can also be initiated by the entry of liquid into the cable (water for example) and associated with the metals constituting the driver neutral and the screen when these metals have relatively different electrochemical potentials form what is called a stack effect if for example the network is not electrically balanced or it remains a residual current in the neutral.
  • the screen - neutral conductor system must also be reliable and have a long service life.
  • the metal usually used for drivers is aluminum.
  • this metal naturally oxidizes in contact with the air to form a layer of alumina around the neutral conductor.
  • Alumina is relatively poor conductor of electricity, it limits its formation by depositing a layer of lead around the neutral conductor aluminum so as to ensure good electrical contact between the neutral conductor and the screen and provide protection complementary with respect to corrosion.
  • lead because of the toxicity of lead, it is desirable to no longer use this metal, nor any other heavy metal whose use is regulated.
  • the patent US 4,025,715 describes a solution for the protection of neutral aluminum conductors.
  • This solution consists in coating the aluminum conductors with a semiconductor material loaded with fine particles of carbon black.
  • the coating can be carried out by conventional extrusion or molding processes using a plastic substance based on polymers loaded with carbon black particles.
  • the patent document EP 0 093 031 describes an electrical cable whose screen can be constituted by aluminum strips and the neutral conductor is also made of aluminum.
  • a sealing material for example a moisture swellable powder, introduced between the conductors provides protection against the longitudinal propagation of moisture and thereby protects against corrosion.
  • the present invention provides an electrical cable that reduces the risk of electrocution to people and animals through efficient, reliable and corrosion-resistant grounding. Heavy metals, such as lead, to protect the neutral conductor when it is aluminum are not used, thus avoiding possible pollution of the environment. In addition, the neutral conductor of this cable is protected from corrosion.
  • the invention relates to a cable for the transmission of electricity of the type comprising at least one insulated phase conductor, a neutral conductor and a screen, the screen surrounding the phase conductor and the neutral conductor and being intended to be connected to a reference potential, a part of the neutral conductor being in contact with a part of the screen.
  • the said parts consist of a material based on the same electrically conductive metal.
  • the neutral conductor and the screen are both coated with a coating based on said same electrically conductive metal.
  • the neutral conductor is zinc-coated aluminum and the screen is made of a metal material covered with a zinc coating.
  • Said coating may for example be a film obtained by cold deposition of a polymerizable mixture composed of an organic binder and pigments of said same electrically conductive metal.
  • the mixture preferably comprises at least 90% by volume of pigments of said metal.
  • Said coating may alternatively be a layer of said electrodeposited metal.
  • the screen is in the form of a ribbon placed around the phase conductor and the neutral conductor.
  • the cable comprises three isolated phase conductors, the screen surrounding the phase conductors and the neutral conductor.
  • phase and neutral conductors may for example be of cross section, cylindrical or sectoral.
  • the cable 10 shown schematically in cross section, is for the transport of low voltage three-phase electricity.
  • This cable comprises three identical phase conductors 12, 14 and 16. Each of them is formed of a single wire or several stranded son surrounded by an insulating envelope respectively 18, 20 and 22.
  • the metal wires may be for example aluminum or copper.
  • the cable also comprises a neutral conductor 24 consisting of one or more wire (s) metal (s) which is preferably aluminum.
  • wire (s) metal (s) which is preferably aluminum.
  • aluminum has the advantage of being relatively good conductor of electricity, lighter and cheaper than copper. However, it has the disadvantage of oxidizing the surface to form a relatively insulating alumina layer. In order to prevent this oxidation and possible corrosion, a thin layer 26 of a conductive material is deposited around the neutral conductor 24.
  • the phase conductors 12, 14 and 16 and the neutral conductor 24 are assembled together.
  • a metal screen 28 envelops the assembly consisting of the four conductors over their entire length.
  • This screen can be formed for example by a strip in the form of a conductive strip around the four conductors along their entire length.
  • the screen is in contact with a portion 30 of the conductive layer 26 of the neutral conductor 24.
  • the latter connected with the phase conductors and the screen 26 forming a set relatively cylindrical, the parts 30 in contact with the screen and the neutral conductor are constituted by a generatrix of helical or longitudinal shape respectively of the screen and the neutral conductor.
  • the screen 28 is intended to be connected to a reference potential which is usually the potential of the earth so as to ground the screen.
  • the neutral conductor 24, being in contact with the screen is also connected to this reference potential.
  • a protective sheath 32 of synthetic material, surrounds the screen 28 over its entire length.
  • the screen and the neutral conductor can then be made of a conductive material based on the same metal.
  • the latter could be for example copper, or another metal.
  • the screen 28 is generally a metal strip covered with a layer 34 usually made of zinc.
  • the conductors are preferably aluminum, the neutral conductor being covered with a protective metal layer, usually lead.
  • the lead layer is replaced by a layer of zinc.
  • a screen 28 protected by galvanization, of cylindrical shape the inner portion 30 in contact with the neutral conductor is covered with a zinc layer 34 and a neutral conductor 24 of aluminum covered with a zinc layer 26.
  • the parts in contact 30 are therefore of the same metal, zinc. This results in a relatively simple metallurgical system for chemical potentials since only the chemical potential of aluminum, zinc and the metal constituting the screen is available.
  • the zinc layer can be deposited on the aluminum in various ways. Deposition can be done for example cold by soaking the neutral conductor in a solution consisting of a hydrocarbon-based organic binder in a small proportion and a majority of conductive pigments (or fine metal particles) of zinc. Preferably the solution contains at least 90% by volume of zinc. Deposition can also be done by spraying the solution on aluminum. The film thus deposited on the neutral aluminum conductor is then polymerized, for example by exposing it to moisture and / or UV rays at room temperature. The film obtained is of small thickness, of the order of ten micrometers.
  • Deposition of the zinc thin layer may alternatively be carried out by electrolysis of a zinc-based solution. Layer thicknesses of the order of ten micrometers are also obtained, with a degree of purity of zinc of greater than 99.99%.
  • Deposition by dipping, vaporization or electrolysis provides a thin layer of zinc good conductor of electricity and having interesting mechanical deformation properties. Indeed, winding tests have shown that the neutral conductor can be wound with a winding diameter substantially equal to five times its own diameter in one winding direction and then in the other direction without damage, especially without cracking, for the zinc layer.
  • the invention proposes a new solution which makes it possible to produce electrical cables resistant to corrosion and which provide good protection against the risks of accidental electrocution by a reliable grounding.
  • the elimination of lead, and usually heavy metals, does not pollute the environment.
  • the embodiment comprising a ferrous metallic screen covered with a zinc layer and a neutral aluminum conductor covered with a zinc layer makes it possible to preserve the advantages provided by the aluminum conductors (lightness, reduction of costs) and metal screens pre-defined (good mechanical strength) while improving corrosion resistance and grounding.
  • the screen could consist of a non-ferrous ribbon for example aluminum covered with a layer of zinc.
  • the phase and neutral conductors which have just been described have a substantially circular shape in cross section. According to another embodiment, they could of course be constituted by conductors called "sectoral", each conductor having in cross section the shape of a sector. In this case, the phase conductors are substantially identical (the conductors having in cross section substantially the same shape and the same surface), while the neutral conductor is generally, but not necessarily, of smaller section.

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Description

La présente invention concerne un câble pour le transport de l'électricité comprenant un conducteur de neutre pour la mise à la terre à travers un écran.The present invention relates to a cable for the transmission of electricity comprising a neutral conductor for grounding through a screen.

Les câbles électriques conçus pour le transport de l'électricité, notamment pour la basse tension, sont généralement composés de trois conducteurs de phase et d'un conducteur neutre assemblés entre eux. Chaque conducteur de phase ou neutre est constitué d'un ou plusieurs fils métalliques électriquement conducteurs. Chacun des conducteurs de phase comporte une enveloppe isolante entourant le ou les fils. Le conducteur neutre ne comporte pas d'enveloppe isolante. Un écran métallique entoure les conducteurs de phase et de neutre. Cet écran touche le conducteur neutre (non isolé) sur pratiquement toute sa longueur et est donc en contact électrique avec le conducteur neutre. L'écran, et donc également le conducteur neutre, sont reliés à un potentiel de référence, habituellement le potentiel de la terre pour une mise à la masse. Une gaine de protection généralement en matériau synthétique entoure l'écran.Electrical cables designed for the transmission of electricity, especially for low voltage, are generally composed of three phase conductors and a neutral conductor assembled together. Each phase or neutral conductor is made of one or more electrically conductive wires. Each of the phase conductors comprises an insulating envelope surrounding the son or son. The neutral conductor does not have an insulating envelope. A metal screen surrounds the live and neutral conductors. This screen touches the neutral conductor (not insulated) over most of its length and is therefore in electrical contact with the neutral conductor. The screen, and therefore also the neutral conductor, is connected to a reference potential, usually the potential of the earth for grounding. A protective sheath generally of synthetic material surrounds the screen.

La mise à la masse de l'écran et du conducteur neutre permet d'assurer une bonne protection des tiers qui viendraient en contact avec le câble. Ces câbles peuvent en effet être enterrés et, lors de travaux, le contact accidentel d'un outil électriquement conducteur avec le câble n'est pas exclu. Des dommages corporels, qui peuvent être mortels, sont donc à craindre. Il est par conséquent primordial d'assurer une excellente mise à la terre de ces câbles et donc de concevoir un système écran - conducteur neutre particulièrement efficace. De plus, l'écran doit être mécaniquement résistant pour ne pas être percé ou cassé accidentellement.Grounding the screen and the neutral conductor provides good protection for third parties who come into contact with the cable. These cables can indeed be buried and, during work, the accidental contact of an electrically conductive tool with the cable is not excluded. Bodily injuries, which can be fatal, are therefore to be feared. It is therefore essential to ensure an excellent grounding of these cables and thus to design a particularly effective neutral screen-conductive system. In addition, the screen must be mechanically strong so as not to be accidentally punctured or broken.

Les câbles doivent aussi résister à la corrosion due à l'environnement qui peut être pollué. La pollution peut être celle de l'air dans les remontées de câble ou celle de la terre lorsque le câble est enterré. La corrosion peut également être initiée par l'entrée de liquide dans le câble (de l'eau par exemple) et qui associée aux métaux constituant le conducteur neutre et l'écran lorsque ces métaux ont des potentiels électrochimiques relativement différents forme ce que l'on appelle un effet de pile si par exemple le réseau n'est pas équilibré électriquement ou qu'il demeure un courant résiduel dans le neutre.The cables must also resist corrosion due to the environment that can be polluted. The pollution may be that of the air in the rope lifts or that of the earth when the cable is buried. Corrosion can also be initiated by the entry of liquid into the cable (water for example) and associated with the metals constituting the driver neutral and the screen when these metals have relatively different electrochemical potentials form what is called a stack effect if for example the network is not electrically balanced or it remains a residual current in the neutral.

Le système écran - conducteur neutre doit aussi être fiable et avoir une longue durée de vie.The screen - neutral conductor system must also be reliable and have a long service life.

Pour des raisons de légèreté et de prix, le métal habituellement utilisé pour les conducteurs est l'aluminium. Cependant ce métal s'oxyde naturellement au contact de l'air pour former une couche d'alumine autour du conducteur neutre. L'alumine étant relativement mauvais conducteur de l'électricité, on limite sa formation en déposant une couche de plomb autour du conducteur neutre en aluminium de façon à assurer un bon contact électrique entre le conducteur neutre et l'écran et d'assurer une protection complémentaire vis à vis de la corrosion. Cependant du fait de la toxicité du plomb, il est souhaitable de ne plus utiliser ce métal, ni d'ailleurs aucun autre métal lourd dont l'utilisation est réglementée.For reasons of lightness and price, the metal usually used for drivers is aluminum. However, this metal naturally oxidizes in contact with the air to form a layer of alumina around the neutral conductor. Alumina is relatively poor conductor of electricity, it limits its formation by depositing a layer of lead around the neutral conductor aluminum so as to ensure good electrical contact between the neutral conductor and the screen and provide protection complementary with respect to corrosion. However, because of the toxicity of lead, it is desirable to no longer use this metal, nor any other heavy metal whose use is regulated.

Le brevet US 4,025,715 décrit une solution pour la protection des conducteurs neutres en aluminium. Cette solution consiste à enrober les conducteurs en aluminium d'un matériau semi-conducteur chargé en fines particules de noir de carbone. L'enrobage peut être effectué par des procédés classiques d'extrusion ou de moulage en utilisant une substance plastique à base de polymères chargés en particules de noir de carbone.The patent US 4,025,715 describes a solution for the protection of neutral aluminum conductors. This solution consists in coating the aluminum conductors with a semiconductor material loaded with fine particles of carbon black. The coating can be carried out by conventional extrusion or molding processes using a plastic substance based on polymers loaded with carbon black particles.

Une autre méthode pour éviter la corrosion des conducteurs en aluminium est décrite dans le brevet canadien CA 992634 . Cette méthode consiste à enrober le conducteur d'un film d'acide oléique.Another method for preventing corrosion of aluminum conductors is described in the Canadian patent CA 992634 . This method involves coating the conductor with an oleic acid film.

Le document de brevet EP 0 093 031 décrit un câble électrique dont l'écran peut être constitué par des rubans d'aluminium et le conducteur neutre nu être également en aluminium. Une matière d'étanchéité, par exemple une poudre gonflable à l'humidité, introduite entre les conducteurs assure une protection vis-à-vis de la propagation longitudinale de l'humidité et de ce fait protège contre la corrosion.The patent document EP 0 093 031 describes an electrical cable whose screen can be constituted by aluminum strips and the neutral conductor is also made of aluminum. A sealing material, for example a moisture swellable powder, introduced between the conductors provides protection against the longitudinal propagation of moisture and thereby protects against corrosion.

Si la propagation longitudinale d'eau introduite dans le câble est évitée par la présence de poudre gonflable à l'humidité, un tel câble présente un conducteur neutre nu non protégé. Il peut donc facilement se corroder, lors d'une telle pollution.If the longitudinal propagation of water introduced into the cable is avoided by the presence of moisture swellable powder, such a cable has a bare bare unprotected conductor. It can easily corrode during such pollution.

La présente invention propose un câble électrique qui permet de diminuer les risques d'électrocution des personnes et des animaux grâce à une mise à la terre efficace, fiable et qui résiste à la corrosion. Les métaux lourds, tels que le plomb, pour protéger le conducteur neutre lorsqu'il est en aluminium ne sont pas utilisés, évitant ainsi une pollution possible de l'environnement. De plus, le conducteur neutre de ce câble est protégé de toute corrosion.The present invention provides an electrical cable that reduces the risk of electrocution to people and animals through efficient, reliable and corrosion-resistant grounding. Heavy metals, such as lead, to protect the neutral conductor when it is aluminum are not used, thus avoiding possible pollution of the environment. In addition, the neutral conductor of this cable is protected from corrosion.

De façon plus précise, l'invention concerne un câble pour le transport de l'électricité du type comprenant au moins un conducteur de phase isolés, un conducteur neutre et un écran, l'écran entourant le conducteur de phase et le conducteur neutre et étant destiné à être relié à un potentiel de référence, une partie du conducteur neutre étant en contact avec une partie de l'écran. Les dites parties sont constituées d'un matériau à base d'un même métal électriquement conducteur.More specifically, the invention relates to a cable for the transmission of electricity of the type comprising at least one insulated phase conductor, a neutral conductor and a screen, the screen surrounding the phase conductor and the neutral conductor and being intended to be connected to a reference potential, a part of the neutral conductor being in contact with a part of the screen. The said parts consist of a material based on the same electrically conductive metal.

Selon l'invention, le conducteur neutre et l'écran sont tous les deux recouverts d'un revêtement à base dudit même métal électriquement conducteur.According to the invention, the neutral conductor and the screen are both coated with a coating based on said same electrically conductive metal.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le conducteur neutre est en aluminium recouvert de zinc et l'écran est réalisé en un matériau métallique recouvert d'un revêtement en zinc.According to an advantageous embodiment, the neutral conductor is zinc-coated aluminum and the screen is made of a metal material covered with a zinc coating.

Ledit revêtement peut être par exemple un film obtenu par dépôt à froid d'un mélange polymérisable composé d'un liant organique et de pigments dudit même métal électriquement conducteur. Le mélange comporte de préférence au moins 90% en volume de pigments dudit métal.Said coating may for example be a film obtained by cold deposition of a polymerizable mixture composed of an organic binder and pigments of said same electrically conductive metal. The mixture preferably comprises at least 90% by volume of pigments of said metal.

Ledit revêtement peut alternativement être une couche dudit métal déposé par électrolyse.Said coating may alternatively be a layer of said electrodeposited metal.

Selon une forme de réalisation avantageuse, l'écran est sous forme d'un ruban mis autour du conducteur de phase et du conducteur neutre.According to an advantageous embodiment, the screen is in the form of a ribbon placed around the phase conductor and the neutral conductor.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le câble comporte trois conducteurs de phase isolés, l'écran entourant les conducteurs de phase et le conducteur neutre.According to a preferred embodiment, the cable comprises three isolated phase conductors, the screen surrounding the phase conductors and the neutral conductor.

Les conducteurs de phase et neutre peuvent par exemple être de section droite, de forme cylindrique ou sectorale.The phase and neutral conductors may for example be of cross section, cylindrical or sectoral.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence au dessin annexé et sur lequel la figure 1 montre schématiquement en coupe transversale un mode de réalisation de l'invention.Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawing and in which FIG. schematically in cross section an embodiment of the invention.

Sur la figure 1, le câble 10, représenté schématiquement en coupe transversale, est destiné au transport de l'électricité triphasée à basse tension. Ce câble comporte trois conducteurs de phase identiques 12, 14 et 16. Chacun d'eux est formé d'un seul fil métallique ou de plusieurs fils toronnés entouré(s) d'une enveloppe isolante respectivement 18, 20 et 22. Le ou les fils métalliques peuvent être par exemple en aluminium ou en cuivre. Le câble comporte également un conducteur neutre 24 constitué d'un ou de plusieurs fil(s) métallique(s) qui est de préférence en aluminium. Comme il l'a déjà été indiqué, l'aluminium présente l'avantage d'être relativement bon conducteur de l'électricité, plus léger et moins cher que le cuivre. Il présente cependant l'inconvénient de s'oxyder en surface pour former une couche d'alumine relativement isolante. Afin d'éviter cette oxydation et une éventuelle corrosion, une couche mince 26 d'un matériau conducteur est déposée autour du conducteur neutre 24. Les conducteurs de phase 12, 14 et 16 et le conducteur neutre 24 sont assemblés ensemble.In Figure 1, the cable 10, shown schematically in cross section, is for the transport of low voltage three-phase electricity. This cable comprises three identical phase conductors 12, 14 and 16. Each of them is formed of a single wire or several stranded son surrounded by an insulating envelope respectively 18, 20 and 22. The metal wires may be for example aluminum or copper. The cable also comprises a neutral conductor 24 consisting of one or more wire (s) metal (s) which is preferably aluminum. As already mentioned, aluminum has the advantage of being relatively good conductor of electricity, lighter and cheaper than copper. However, it has the disadvantage of oxidizing the surface to form a relatively insulating alumina layer. In order to prevent this oxidation and possible corrosion, a thin layer 26 of a conductive material is deposited around the neutral conductor 24. The phase conductors 12, 14 and 16 and the neutral conductor 24 are assembled together.

Un écran métallique 28 enveloppe l'ensemble constitué par les quatre conducteurs sur toute leur longueur. Cet écran peut être formé par exemple par un feuillard sous forme d'un ruban conducteur mis autour des quatre conducteurs sur toute leur longueur. L'écran est en contact avec une partie 30 de la couche conductrice 26 du conducteur neutre 24. Ce dernier assemblé avec les conducteurs de phase et l'écran 26 formant un ensemble relativement cylindrique, les parties 30 en contact de l'écran et du conducteur neutre sont constituées par une génératrice de forme hélicoïdale ou longitudinale respectivement de l'écran et du conducteur neutre. L'écran 28 est destiné à être connecté à un potentiel de référence qui est habituellement le potentiel de la terre de façon à mettre l'écran à la masse. Le conducteur neutre 24, étant en contact avec l'écran, est également connecté à ce potentiel de référence.A metal screen 28 envelops the assembly consisting of the four conductors over their entire length. This screen can be formed for example by a strip in the form of a conductive strip around the four conductors along their entire length. The screen is in contact with a portion 30 of the conductive layer 26 of the neutral conductor 24. The latter connected with the phase conductors and the screen 26 forming a set relatively cylindrical, the parts 30 in contact with the screen and the neutral conductor are constituted by a generatrix of helical or longitudinal shape respectively of the screen and the neutral conductor. The screen 28 is intended to be connected to a reference potential which is usually the potential of the earth so as to ground the screen. The neutral conductor 24, being in contact with the screen, is also connected to this reference potential.

Une gaine de protection 32, en matériau synthétique, entoure l'écran 28 sur toute sa longueur.A protective sheath 32, of synthetic material, surrounds the screen 28 over its entire length.

De façon à obtenir une bonne protection des personnes et des animaux, une mise à la terre efficace est réalisée selon l'invention en choisissant un même métal pour les parties en contact 30 entre l'écran et le conducteur neutre. On évite ainsi le risque de corrosion de ces parties, et donc une diminution éventuelle de la qualité du contact électrique, dû à un effet de pile qui se produit entre des métaux de potentiels électrochimiques différents. L'écran et le conducteur neutre peuvent alors être constitués d'un matériau conducteur à base du même métal. Ce dernier pourrait être par exemple du cuivre, ou un autre métal. Cependant, l'écran 28 est en général un ruban métallique recouvert d'une couche 34 habituellement en zinc. De plus, comme déjà indiqué, les conducteurs sont avantageusement en aluminium, le conducteur neutre étant recouvert d'une couche métallique de protection, habituellement en plomb. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la couche de plomb est remplacée par une couche de zinc. On a alors un écran 28 protégé par galvanisation, de forme cylindrique, dont la partie intérieure 30 en contact avec le conducteur neutre est recouverte d'une couche de zinc 34 et un conducteur neutre 24 en aluminium recouvert d'une couche de zinc 26. Les parties en contact 30 sont donc d'un même métal, le zinc. On obtient ainsi un système métallurgique relativement simple en ce qui concerne les potentiels chimiques puisque l'on a uniquement le potentiel chimique de l'aluminium, du zinc et du métal constituant l'écran.In order to obtain good protection for people and animals, effective grounding is performed according to the invention by choosing the same metal for the parts in contact 30 between the screen and the neutral conductor. This avoids the risk of corrosion of these parts, and therefore a possible decrease in the quality of the electrical contact, due to a stack effect that occurs between metals of different electrochemical potentials. The screen and the neutral conductor can then be made of a conductive material based on the same metal. The latter could be for example copper, or another metal. However, the screen 28 is generally a metal strip covered with a layer 34 usually made of zinc. In addition, as already indicated, the conductors are preferably aluminum, the neutral conductor being covered with a protective metal layer, usually lead. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lead layer is replaced by a layer of zinc. There is then a screen 28 protected by galvanization, of cylindrical shape, the inner portion 30 in contact with the neutral conductor is covered with a zinc layer 34 and a neutral conductor 24 of aluminum covered with a zinc layer 26. The parts in contact 30 are therefore of the same metal, zinc. This results in a relatively simple metallurgical system for chemical potentials since only the chemical potential of aluminum, zinc and the metal constituting the screen is available.

La couche de zinc peut être déposée sur l'aluminium de diverses façons. Le dépôt peut se faire par exemple à froid en trempant le conducteur neutre dans une solution constituée d'un liant organique à base d'hydrocarbure en faible proportion et d'une majorité de pigments conducteurs (ou fines particules métalliques) de zinc. De préférence la solution contient au moins 90% en volume de zinc. Le dépôt peut aussi se faire par vaporisation de la solution sur l'aluminium. Le film ainsi déposé sur le conducteur neutre en aluminium est ensuite polymérisé, par exemple en l'exposant à l'humidité et/ou aux rayons UV à température ambiante. Le film obtenu est de faible épaisseur, de l'ordre de la dizaine de micromètres.The zinc layer can be deposited on the aluminum in various ways. Deposition can be done for example cold by soaking the neutral conductor in a solution consisting of a hydrocarbon-based organic binder in a small proportion and a majority of conductive pigments (or fine metal particles) of zinc. Preferably the solution contains at least 90% by volume of zinc. Deposition can also be done by spraying the solution on aluminum. The film thus deposited on the neutral aluminum conductor is then polymerized, for example by exposing it to moisture and / or UV rays at room temperature. The film obtained is of small thickness, of the order of ten micrometers.

Le dépôt de la couche mince de zinc peut alternativement être effectué par électrolyse d'une solution à base de zinc. On obtient également des épaisseurs de couche de l'ordre de la dizaine de micromètres, avec un degré de pureté du zinc supérieur à 99,99%.Deposition of the zinc thin layer may alternatively be carried out by electrolysis of a zinc-based solution. Layer thicknesses of the order of ten micrometers are also obtained, with a degree of purity of zinc of greater than 99.99%.

Le dépôt par trempage, par vaporisation ou par électrolyse permet d'obtenir une couche mince de zinc bonne conductrice de l'électricité et ayant des propriétés de déformation mécanique intéressantes. En effet, des tests d'enroulement ont montrés que le conducteur neutre peut être enroulé avec un diamètre d'enroulement sensiblement égal à cinq fois son propre diamètre dans un sens d'enroulement puis dans l'autre sens sans dommage, notamment sans fissuration, pour la couche de zinc.Deposition by dipping, vaporization or electrolysis provides a thin layer of zinc good conductor of electricity and having interesting mechanical deformation properties. Indeed, winding tests have shown that the neutral conductor can be wound with a winding diameter substantially equal to five times its own diameter in one winding direction and then in the other direction without damage, especially without cracking, for the zinc layer.

L'invention propose une solution nouvelle qui permet de réaliser des câbles électriques résistants à la corrosion et qui assurent une bonne protection contre les risques d'électrocution accidentelle par une mise à la masse fiable. L'élimination du plomb, et généralement des métaux lourds, permet de ne pas polluer l'environnement. En particulier, le mode de réalisation comprenant un écran métallique ferreux recouvert d'une couche de zinc et d'un conducteur neutre en aluminium recouvert d'une couche de zinc permet de conserver les avantages procurés par les conducteurs en aluminium (légèreté, réduction des coûts) et par les écrans métalliques définis au préalable (bonne résistance mécanique) tout en améliorant la résistance à la corrosion et la mise à la terre.The invention proposes a new solution which makes it possible to produce electrical cables resistant to corrosion and which provide good protection against the risks of accidental electrocution by a reliable grounding. The elimination of lead, and usually heavy metals, does not pollute the environment. In particular, the embodiment comprising a ferrous metallic screen covered with a zinc layer and a neutral aluminum conductor covered with a zinc layer makes it possible to preserve the advantages provided by the aluminum conductors (lightness, reduction of costs) and metal screens pre-defined (good mechanical strength) while improving corrosion resistance and grounding.

D'autres modes de réalisation que celui décrit et représenté peuvent être conçus par l'homme du métier sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. Par exemple, l'écran pourrait être constitué d'un ruban non ferreux par exemple en aluminium recouvert d'une couche de zinc. De même, les conducteurs de phase et neutre qui viennent d'être décrits ont une forme sensiblement circulaire en coupe transversale. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, ils pourraient bien entendu être constitués par des conducteurs appelés "sectoraux", chaque conducteur ayant en coupe transversale la forme d'un secteur. Dans ce cas, les conducteurs de phase sont sensiblement identiques (les conducteurs ayant en coupe transversale sensiblement la même forme et la même surface), alors que le conducteur neutre est généralement, mais non obligatoirement, de section plus petite.Embodiments other than that described and shown may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the screen could consist of a non-ferrous ribbon for example aluminum covered with a layer of zinc. Likewise, the phase and neutral conductors which have just been described have a substantially circular shape in cross section. According to another embodiment, they could of course be constituted by conductors called "sectoral", each conductor having in cross section the shape of a sector. In this case, the phase conductors are substantially identical (the conductors having in cross section substantially the same shape and the same surface), while the neutral conductor is generally, but not necessarily, of smaller section.

Claims (7)

  1. A cable for transporting electricity of the type comprising at least one insulated phase conductor (12, 14, 16), a neutral conductor (24) and a shield (28), the shield surrounding the phase conductor and the neutral conductor and being intended to be connected to a reference potential, a portion of said neutral conductor being in contact with a portion of said shield, said portions (30) consisting of a material based on a same electrically conducting metal, a cable characterized in that the neutral conductor (24) and the shield (28) are both covered with a coating (26, 34) based on said same electrically conducting metal.
  2. The cable according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said electrically conducting metal is zinc.
  3. The cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coating is a film obtained by cold deposition of a polymerizable mixture consisting of an organic binder and of pigments of said same electrically conducting metal.
  4. The cable according to claim 3, characterized in that said mixture includes at least 90% by volume of pigments of said metal.
  5. The cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said coating is a layer of said metal, deposited by electrolysis.
  6. The cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said shield (28) is in the form of a strip deposited around said phase conductor (12, 14, 16) and said neutral conductor (24).
  7. The cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes three insulated phase conductors (12, 14, 16), said shield (28) surrounding said phase conductors and the neutral conductor (24).
EP20070300763 2006-02-03 2007-02-01 Electric cable protected against corrosion Not-in-force EP1816656B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0650386A FR2897194B1 (en) 2006-02-03 2006-02-03 ELECTRIC CABLE PROTECTED AGAINST CORROSION

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EP1816656A2 EP1816656A2 (en) 2007-08-08
EP1816656A3 EP1816656A3 (en) 2014-04-16
EP1816656B1 true EP1816656B1 (en) 2015-04-29

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US (1) US20070199731A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1816656B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2576492A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2541542T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2897194B1 (en)

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AU2008366032B2 (en) 2008-12-29 2015-10-22 Prysmian S.P.A. Submarine electric power transmission cable with cable armour transition
CN102646467B (en) * 2012-03-06 2015-05-20 立讯精密工业股份有限公司 Signal transmission wire provided with conductive plastic material layer
CN203288307U (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-11-13 潮州三环（集团）股份有限公司 Through ground wire
EP2790189B1 (en) * 2013-04-08 2016-02-03 Nexans Data-transmission cable for the aeronautical industry
CN103871625A (en) * 2014-03-01 2014-06-18 安徽华源电缆集团有限公司 Grounding control cable for power generation
CN104200882B (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-08-31 安徽华能电缆集团有限公司 A kind of top-drive drilling aluminium alloy core rubber sleeve flexible cable
EP3428932A1 (en) 2017-07-10 2019-01-16 NKT Cables Group A/S Electrical power cable
EP4050129A1 (en) 2021-02-26 2022-08-31 Nexans Electric cable protected against corrosion
CN113205918B (en) * 2021-04-30 2023-02-03 合肥零碳技术有限公司 Communication transmission cable

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2897194B1 (en) 2009-04-17
EP1816656A2 (en) 2007-08-08
CA2576492A1 (en) 2007-08-03
US20070199731A1 (en) 2007-08-30
FR2897194A1 (en) 2007-08-10
EP1816656A3 (en) 2014-04-16
ES2541542T3 (en) 2015-07-21

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