EP1805331A1 - Mechanically-stressed actuator or bearing component made from mechanically-hardened steel - Google Patents
Mechanically-stressed actuator or bearing component made from mechanically-hardened steelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1805331A1 EP1805331A1 EP05804438A EP05804438A EP1805331A1 EP 1805331 A1 EP1805331 A1 EP 1805331A1 EP 05804438 A EP05804438 A EP 05804438A EP 05804438 A EP05804438 A EP 05804438A EP 1805331 A1 EP1805331 A1 EP 1805331A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- functional surface
- temperature
- component
- mechanically
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
Definitions
- Mechanically load-bearing actuator or bearing component made of mechanically hardened steel
- the invention relates to a mechanically load-bearing adjusting or bearing component, be ⁇ standing of an alloyed steel with an alloying content of at least 7% and a carbon content of 0.5 - 2.2%, with at least one mechanically charged in Ein ⁇ rate surface.
- actuator or bearing components are known in different designs and are used in a variety of applications.
- Engine elements such as towing or rocker arms, in particular mechanical actuated components which in turn provide other components, should be mentioned as the actuating element.
- a bearing component for example, a rolling bearing or its parts or a plain bearing and its parts such as bearing bush, bearing ring, etc. may be mentioned.
- actuating or bearing components have in common that they have at least one functionally mechanically loaded functional surface, via which, for example, an actuating element in the form of a rocker arm acts on a tappet or the like, or on which, in the case of a roller bearing, the rolling elements run ,
- the components are exposed to high mechanical and tribological stresses, which is why it is necessary to harden these components after mechanical processing.
- finishing such as grinding or hard turning is performed.
- the heat treatment itself takes place once, depending on the steel quality, through hardening, for example at 100Cr6, or through case hardening, eg at 16MnCr5, or through various variants of nitriding treatments or Stratifications.
- the main drawback of most such treatments is the so-called hardening distortion and the resulting dimensional change.
- the component dimension therefore varies as a result of the different, in particular thermal treatments, between the shape or dimensioning originally present before the treatment and the parameters finally given after the implementation of the respective treatments.
- the components are machined or chipless in the best possible microstructural and hardening state, subsequently hardened at high temperature and finally finished mechanically, ie by machining, and work-hardened, for example by shot blasting or rolling.
- the implementation of the separate hardening step is also time-consuming and cost-consuming.
- the invention is therefore based on the problem to provide a control or bearing element of the type mentioned that is easy to make and without the problems mentioned in terms of dimensional and shape retention.
- a mechanically loadable actuator or bearing element consisting of the above-mentioned steel that at least in the region of a functional surface a metastable Austenite with a microstructure of at least 80% is present, which by machining the functional surface at least partly converted into martensite.
- a steel which forms a metastable austenite phase is used to produce the positioning or bearing component.
- This metastable Austenitphase can by a mechanical treatment of the Fu surface itself, so for example, the bearing surface of a towing or rocker arm or the tread of a plain bearing due to the mechanically induced Energy can be converted locally into martensite.
- the mechanically induced structural change and thus hardening directly in the area of the functional surface is a mechanically induced structural change and thus hardening directly in the area of the functional surface.
- steels with 0.5 to 2.2% carbon an alloy content of chromium between 5 to 20%, a manganese content of 2 to 8% and a nickel content of not more than 6% are used.
- the fine granularity and corresponding microstructural characteristics are to be ensured by addition of, for example, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium or other alloying elements.
- Conventional tool steels such as e.g. X210Cr12 or X165CrMoVI 21, as used in particular in Motoren ⁇ elements such as towing or rocker arms.
- a second class of materials is the field of charge and tempering steels.
- These high-alloyed case hardening steels such as 14NiCrMo14 or even higher alloying constituents with total values nickel-manganese chromium greater 7% and an edge carbon content / edge nitrogen content, produced by the usual case hardening or carbonization , of 0.5-1.5% of carbon or 0.1-0.6% of nitrogen also form a metastable austenite phase, which can be converted locally into mechanical stress by mechanical energy input.
- the prerequisite is that the alloying elements must be adjusted so that the martensite formation temperature after carburization and / or nitriding during quenching is not or only marginally is followed, so that an intermediate stage conversion or a Perlitzer case is omitted.
- Said materials are thus in principle able to operate at high hardening curing temperatures (direct orRockhärtung), for example more than 1000 0 C and a rapid quenching form a quasi of 80% or even higher austenite structure in the carbon-rich surface zone, wherein the aforementioned At least in this marginal zone, the carbon atom I is present; in the case of an attachment, the sum of nitrogen and carbon should likewise be in this range.
- the metastable austenite formed is therefore also present at room temperature, but can be converted into martensite with sufficient energy supply, the conversion capacity according to the invention depending on the mechanical processing.
- the mechanical finishing of the already formed, but me ⁇ unstable austenite component by turning, milling or slaving takes place.
- a mechanically induced martensitic transformation of the metastable austenite arises in the corresponding action depths.
- the depth of the transformation zone depends on the tool contact geometry (eg rake angle adjustment), the contour to be generated, the duration and the magnitude of the applied force and the prevailing temperature in the mechanical processing.
- the forming of the steel used for component production preferably takes place during the heat treatment for high-temperature austenitization.
- An additional high-temperature step for hardening the material, as provided in the prior art, is omitted after curing by martensitic transformation takes place in the component according to the invention solely by the mechanically induced energy.
- the functional surface should have a martensitic hardness of at least 55 HRC, in particular of at least 58 HRC, for which purpose a sufficiently high carbon content, which is in the range claimed according to the invention, is necessary.
- the steel itself may, as described, be a fusible alloy which exhibits the metastable austenite, but it may also be produced by a separate nitration, ie in the context of an electrochemical treatment.
- the invention itself is a process for producing such a Stel I or bearing component, which is characterized in that the component first of an alloyed steel with an alloy content of at least 7% and a carbon content of 0 , 5-2.2%, during or after which the component is subjected to a temperature treatment, and then the component is subsequently quenched so that at least in the area of a functional surface of the component a metastable austenite with a microstructure proportion of at least 80 % forms, after which the functional surface is machined so that forms a marginal zone having at least partially martensite.
- the mechanical processing for martensite formation temperature may preferably up to about 500 0 C, at room temperature or at a reduced temperature of preferably up to a maximum at elevated Tempe ⁇ - 200 ° C carried out.
- the Tief ⁇ temperature treatment is advantageous for martensite formation. If the mechanical treatment takes place at elevated temperature or at room temperature, it is expedient to connect a deep-freeze treatment, preferably a maximum of -20 ° C., to improve the formation of martensite. In general, after a deep-freeze treatment, a temperature treatment for starting the component can take place up to a maximum of 600 ° C.
- the functional surface as well as the remaining component surfaces can be mechanically post-treated after the mechanical treatment for martensite formation, in particular by shot peening or rolling.
- a final finish such as grinding or honing can optionally also be provided.
- the method according to the invention offers the advantage that the hardening distortion is canceled once by the processing state and a double machining is not required, as in the conventional method by soft machining and hard machining.
- the figure shows an inventive control element 1 in the form of a tiltable about its bearing eye rocker arm 2, on the front arm 3 ons simulation 4 funkti ⁇ is provided over which the rocker arm engages, for example on a plunger.
- the rocker arm was produced from a material which forms a metastable austenite phase after the high-temperature austenitization during which temperature treatment of the rocker arm was worked out during the subsequent ab initiation.
- a mechanical processing of the functional surface takes place in the context of which processing, which is represented by the arrow B, directly on the function, unlike in the prior art If mechanical energy is introduced, this induces the folding-over processes, ie the conversion of the metastable austenite into martensite. As is indicated by the dashed line, an area M is formed in which a high content of martensite is present, while metastable austenite is present in the remaining component body. As a result of the mechanically induced martensite formation so no further temperature treatment for curing of the component, which would adversely affect the dimensional and dimensional accuracy. Rather, the component retains the exact shape and dimensions given in the course of its original forming.
- the mechanical treatment for the formation of martensite can be as beschrie ⁇ ben subzero treatment connect, under which the Bau ⁇ part, for example, -200 0 C cooled, whereby the formation of the martensitic structure in the edge zone part M is further promoted.
- the processing can be carried out even at a reduced temperature, so that a separate freezing is not necessary. In the context of a subsequent start, any tensions can be reduced.
- the rocker arm 2 shown in Fig. 1 is only a Ausdust! example. It is conceivable to harden other actuating or bearing components by mechanically induced martensite formation. Mention may be made here, for example, of sliding bearings in which the running surfaces of the sliding bearings, which are also formed of metastable austenite, are mechanically induced to be converted into martensite.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004051885A DE102004051885A1 (en) | 2004-10-26 | 2004-10-26 | Mechanically load-bearing actuator or bearing component made of mechanically hardened steel |
PCT/EP2005/011094 WO2006045461A1 (en) | 2004-10-26 | 2005-10-15 | Mechanically-stressed actuator or bearing component made from mechanically-hardened steel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1805331A1 true EP1805331A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
Family
ID=35744809
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05804438A Withdrawn EP1805331A1 (en) | 2004-10-26 | 2005-10-15 | Mechanically-stressed actuator or bearing component made from mechanically-hardened steel |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1805331A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004051885A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006045461A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009036718A1 (en) | 2009-08-08 | 2010-03-25 | Daimler Ag | Process to enhance the strength of forged or cast automotive e.g. suspension components by milling or turning and shot blasting |
DE102012003791B3 (en) * | 2012-02-25 | 2013-08-14 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Manufacturing high strength moldings, comprises smelting molten steel, and casting in mold, where unprocessed cast parts with predominant martensitic microstructure are subjected to a final assembly by cold forming in specific temperature |
CN113667810B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏大学 | Method for improving dimensional stability of steel cold-working die |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE301332B (en) * | 1958-04-04 | 1968-06-04 | Ford Motor Co | |
FR2666352B1 (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1992-12-11 | Ugine Savoie Sa | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGHLY LOADED RUPTURE PRODUCTS FROM UNSTABLE AUSTHENIC STEEL, AND PRODUCTS THEREFROM. |
JP3665876B2 (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 2005-06-29 | 光洋精工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of bearing parts |
US6221183B1 (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 2001-04-24 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | High-strength and low-thermal-expansion alloy, wire of the alloy and method of manufacturing the alloy wire |
DE4323167C1 (en) * | 1993-07-10 | 1994-05-19 | Leifeld Gmbh & Co | Producing steel hollow bodies by rolling - combined with austenitic heat treatment |
DE19633789C2 (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1999-12-16 | Rasmussen Gmbh | Method of manufacturing a spring band clamp |
DE69713446T2 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2003-08-07 | Denso Corp., Kariya | Process for stress-induced transformation of austenitic stainless steels and process for producing composite magnetic parts |
US5865385A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 1999-02-02 | Arnett; Charles R. | Comminuting media comprising martensitic/austenitic steel containing retained work-transformable austenite |
JP2000018256A (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-01-18 | Ntn Corp | Gear shaft supporting device of vehicle differential device |
JP3975314B2 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2007-09-12 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Bearing part material and rolling bearing raceway manufacturing method |
AU2001245704A1 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-24 | The Timken Company | High performance carburizing stainless steel for high temperature use |
-
2004
- 2004-10-26 DE DE102004051885A patent/DE102004051885A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-10-15 WO PCT/EP2005/011094 patent/WO2006045461A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-15 EP EP05804438A patent/EP1805331A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006045461A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004051885A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
WO2006045461A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1276915B1 (en) | Rolling bearing component | |
DE102005060113B4 (en) | Wheel bearing and method for producing the same | |
EP1831410A1 (en) | Method for thermally treating a component consisting of a fully hardenable, heat-resistant steel and a component consisting of said steel | |
DE3919199C2 (en) | ||
EP3536812A1 (en) | Bi-metal screw with martensitic hardenable steel | |
EP3421623A1 (en) | Martensitic hardening steel and its use, in particular for producing a screw | |
EP2427666B1 (en) | Large roller bearing | |
DE112015003015T5 (en) | Method and metal component | |
EP3591081B1 (en) | Method for producing a case-hardened steel component | |
EP1805331A1 (en) | Mechanically-stressed actuator or bearing component made from mechanically-hardened steel | |
DE102004039926A1 (en) | Process for producing a temperature and corrosion resistant fuel injector body | |
DE10361739B4 (en) | Method for machining crankshaft radii | |
DE2165105A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing ball head studs | |
DE102005053047B3 (en) | Roller holding component for e.g. diesel injection system, has side units connected with disk-shaped base unit, where component is manufactured from steel with preset percentages of carbon and chromium contents | |
EP3060692B1 (en) | Method for producing a locally boronized or chromized component | |
DE10243179A1 (en) | Case hardening steel used in the manufacture of workpieces e.g. for the construction of vehicles contains alloying additions of chromium, niobium and titanium | |
DE102018123505A1 (en) | Slewing ring and method for manufacturing a slewing ring | |
DE4406896C1 (en) | Martensitic age-hardening process for esp. alloyed steel inlet valves | |
DE102017209881A1 (en) | Process for producing a hardened transmission component and forming tool with cooled die used therefor | |
EP1753887B1 (en) | Heavy-duty engine component | |
DE102021132703A1 (en) | Process for manufacturing a rolling bearing component | |
WO2022148510A1 (en) | Method for producing a rolling bearing component | |
DE102021205629A1 (en) | Process for heat treating a steel component | |
DE102008050319A1 (en) | Method of case-hardening steel gear wheels or other components used in e.g. automobile industry, work-hardens before carburization and heat treatment | |
DE102005029404A1 (en) | Pre-stressed roller bearing e.g. grooved ball bearing, has inner and outer bearing units, where one unit consists of hardened steel with locally different residual austenite content that is adjusted, so that pre-stressing remains constant |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070329 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20110905 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES AG & CO. KG |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES GMBH & CO. KG |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES AG & CO. KG |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20160503 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230523 |