EP1799331A1 - Flue-gas purification system - Google Patents
Flue-gas purification systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP1799331A1 EP1799331A1 EP04765467A EP04765467A EP1799331A1 EP 1799331 A1 EP1799331 A1 EP 1799331A1 EP 04765467 A EP04765467 A EP 04765467A EP 04765467 A EP04765467 A EP 04765467A EP 1799331 A1 EP1799331 A1 EP 1799331A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- fluidized bed
- bed reactor
- cleaning system
- gas cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
- B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
Definitions
- the invention relates to a flue gas purification plant with a fluidized bed reactor and a downstream of the fluidized bed reactor separation unit.
- Such flue gas cleaning plants serve to carry out processes for the separation of noxious gases such.
- HCl, HF, SO 2 and the addition of absorbents such as hearth furnace coke or activated carbon and dioxins, furans and heavy metals, z.
- a flue gas is fed to a fluidized bed reactor via a feed line corresponding cross section.
- a sorbent is in the reactor or is supplied to this.
- the dimensionless numbers Re, Fr, Ar forms a fluidized bed.
- the reactor is operated with a circulating fluidized bed or by the fly-flow method.
- the flue gas and the sorbent react with each other. These reactions can be harmful gases from the flue gas to be deposited.
- the flue gas is passed along with the entrained Abscheidungs Wegdesignn via a transition piece from the fluidized bed reactor to a downstream deposition unit, such as a fiber filter or electric filter. In this separation unit, the residues are separated from the flue gas.
- the cleaned flue gas can be released into the atmosphere, while the separated solids are returned to the fluidized bed reactor or collected and disposed of or reused.
- the known from the prior art for flue gas purification reactors are designed for flow reasons, to obtain a symmetrical distribution of solids, with a circular flow area.
- the cross-sectional size of the reactor is determined by the volume flow of the flue gas to be purified and the flow rate required in the reactor.
- the flue gas ducts entering and exiting the reactor usually have a rectangular cross-section.
- the reactor upstream or downstream units, such as boiler or filter, also have a rectangular flow area.
- transition pieces are used by which the required cross-sectional transitions from round to square or from square to round are made possible. Disadvantageously, the use of such transition pieces causes increased material consumption and leads to a general increase in the cost of a flue gas cleaning system.
- deposition units with a large cross-section are used within the flue gas purification plant, such as large-scale electrostatic precipitators, a uniform flow of the filter over its entire cross-sectional area can be ensured only with difficulty when using a reactor with a round reactor cross-section of predetermined geometry.
- the invention is based on the invention to propose a generic flue gas cleaning system, which consumes less material over the prior art, saves costs and can be realized or retrofitted especially for use in confined spaces.
- a flue gas cleaning system in which the reactor space of the fluidized bed reactor has a substantially rectangular cross-section orthogonal to the flow direction, whose width-to-depth ratio can be variably determined as a function of the cross-sectional size required for the flue gas volume flow to be cleaned.
- the geometry of such a reactor is advantageously variable at a constant cross-section and can be adapted to tight spaces well. Due to the cross-sectional shape of each required flow area can be realized by means of different depth / width ratios of the reactor cross-section, whereby the reactor according to the request requirements, for example, with shallow depth and large width or with small width and large depth can be performed. By varying the dimensions of the flow cross-section of the reactor there is the possibility that, for example in the context of retrofitting already existing equipment such as filters can be used, which leads to further cost savings.
- Reactors with reactor chambers of rectangular cross-section are simple and inexpensive to produce.
- a fluidized bed reactor with rectangular cross-section advantageously eliminated the previously necessary _ _
- Transition pieces of rectangular cross sections of flue gas ducts or boiler or separation units on the round cross-section of the reactor are possible.
- the flow of the separation units is considerably improved by the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the reactor space.
- a uniform formation of the traversed by the flue gas cross section is to strive for the entire flue gas cleaning system.
- unnecessary turbulence and dead flow areas in the flue gas path are largely avoided.
- the entire system can be made more compact and flexible due to the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the reactor space, which also savings in steel construction are possible.
- the fluidized bed reactor has a substantially rectangular outer contour corresponding to the reactor space.
- the cross-sectional width and / or cross-sectional depth of the reactor space of the fluidized bed reactor corresponds to the cross-sectional dimensions of flue gas ducts upstream and / or downstream units of the flue gas purification system. If the dimensions of the reactor space of the fluidized bed reactor and the dimensions of the flue gas ducts of units connected to the fluidized bed reactor of the flue gas cleaning system matched, so turbulence and dead flow areas within the flue gas path are largely avoided, which favors undisturbed operations of the flue gas cleaning system. In addition, the flow of all units is improved, whereby the use of transition pieces to increase or decrease the flow-through cross-section can be omitted, which in turn leads to cost savings and to a reduction in the required installation space of the flue gas cleaning system.
- the fluidized-bed reactor has at least one diffuser nozzle, preferably with a round or rectangular cross-section.
- the diffuser nozzles are advantageously arranged side by side in one or more rows.
- a further embodiment of the invention advantageously provides that the diffuser nozzles are placed in a staggered arrangement. Due to the variable design of the arrangement of the diffuser nozzles almost any cross-sectional shapes of the reactor space are possible. By varying the number of diffuser nozzles, these possibilities are further improved.
- the circulating fluid bed reactor is operable.
- the reactor is an entrained flow absorber.
- the separation unit is advantageously an electrostatic precipitator. Due to the good flow of the electrostatic precipitator due to coordinated cross-sectional geometries of the electrostatic filter is operated with good efficiency.
- the invention can advantageously be flexibly adapted to the particular composition of the flue gas to be purified and the spatial arrangement of equipment.
- electrostatic precipitators and bag filters as a separation unit, of course, the use of other separation units, such as deflecting, lamella or cyclones, possible.
- a mechanical pre-separation device is arranged in a flue gas channel between the fluidized-bed reactor and the separation unit. By means of such a pre-separation device, the flue gas leaving the fluidized-bed reactor can be pre-cleaned before the actual filtration, whereby the service life of the filters used is prolonged.
- a fiber filter is used as the deposition unit, which according to another embodiment can advantageously be arranged rotated by 90 ° about the vertical compared to its previous arrangement according to the prior art.
- the fiber filter advantageously existing space can be better utilized. The space saved is available for the installation of the fluidized bed reactor with a rectangular cross section.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a flue gas cleaning system according to the prior art with a round reactor space cross-section
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the flue gas cleaning system of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a flue gas cleaning system according to the invention with a rectangular reactor space cross-section,
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the flue gas cleaning system of FIG. 3,
- 5 is a schematic plan view of the arrangement of a filter according to the prior art
- 6 is a schematic plan view of a 90 ° rotated arrangement of the filter according to the invention
- Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of the diffuser nozzles according to the prior art.
- FIG. 8a-c is a schematic representation of further various possible arrangements of the diffuser nozzles according to the present invention.
- a boiler 1 which has two juxtaposed at the same height flue gas outlet 2, 3 has.
- the resulting in a combustion in the boiler 1 flue gas flows through the flue gas outlet 2, 3 in a flue gas duct 16 and from this into a transition piece 4, which along the section line AA shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a rectangular cross section and along the section line BB having circular cross-section.
- the unpurified flue gas flows into a fluidized bed reactor 5, which it flows through in the vertical direction, as indicated by the arrow C in Fig. 2, from bottom to top.
- harmful gas components are separated from the unpurified flue gas by means of dry or quasi-dry deposition.
- a sorbent located in the fluidized bed reactor, a sorbent, which is traversed by the flue gas to be cleaned.
- a circulating fluidized bed within the fluidized bed reactor is formed.
- the fluidized-bed reactor 5 is operated in the so-called fly-by-flow method.
- the flue gas leaves the fluidized bed reactor 5 together with due to the flow velocity entrained sorbent particles and occupied sorbent particles via a transition piece 6.
- the transition piece 6 has _ _
- a round flow cross-section and in the section E-E has a rectangular cross-section.
- the flue gas stream passes from the transition piece 6 via a hood 8 to a separation unit 7, in which the sorbent particles and occupied sorbent particles are separated from the flue gas stream.
- the cleaned flue gas leaves the flue gas purification system, for example, via a suction draft, not shown, while the sorbent particles filtered out from the flue gas are collected and recycled or disposed of in the region of the precipitation unit 7.
- a flue gas cleaning system according to the invention is shown.
- 3 and 4 show a boiler 1, which flue gas outlet 2, 3 has.
- the resulting, for example, in a combustion in the boiler 1 and pollutants flue gas leaves the boiler 1 via the flue gas outlet 2, 3 and passes directly into a fluidized bed reactor 5 with a rectangular reactor cross-section.
- the fluidized-bed reactor 5 as described above with respect to the prior art in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sorbent is reacted with the flue gas to be purified in a known manner.
- the flue gas leaves the fluidized bed reactor 5 together with entrained due to the flow velocity sorbent particles and occupied Sorptionsffenp sien and passes through a hood 8 to the separation unit 7.
- the boiler-side end and the abscheideijn discoverede end of the fluidized bed reactor 5 are formed as inlet port 9 and outlet 10.
- the flow-through of the flue gas cross section of the flue gas cleaning device of Fig. 3 and 4 has over its entire course on a rectangular cross-sectional shape. Because of this rectangular cross-sectional shape, unlike in the prior art, no in itself different cross-sectional shapes having transition pieces necessary.
- the flue gas system shown in Fig. 3 and 4 therefore requires in comparison to the prior art of Fig. 1 and 2, a smaller space.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 It can also be seen from FIGS. 1 to 4 that the use of a fluidized-bed reactor 5 with a rectangular reactor cross section is outstandingly suitable for retrofitting already existing flue gas purification systems. In such retrofitting, it is necessary to the fluidized bed reactor 5 in the _ _
- the geometry of the fluidized bed reactor 5 can be adapted in such a retrofit case advantageous to this cramped space ratio, for example by the depth T of the reactor 5 is extended and by simultaneous broadening of the width F. of the reactor, the cross-sectional area of the flue gas traversed by the cross section remains constant (examples in Figures 8a to 8c)
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show the arrangement of a fiber filter 11 according to the prior art.
- the flue gas flows in the direction indicated by the fluidized bed reactor 5. From the fluidized bed reactor 5, the flue gas passes through the transition piece 6 and the hood 8 to the separation unit 7, which is a fiber filter 11 in this embodiment.
- the flue gas passes from the hood 8 in arranged on both sides of the hood 8 filter units 12 of the fiber filter 11 and flows through these filter units in the direction of the drawing plane, as indicated in Fig. 5.
- the filter units 12 Within the filter units 12, the entrained by the flue gas stream sorbent particles and occupied sorbent particles are separated from the flue gas, which leaves the fiber filter 11 via an outlet, not shown.
- Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of the fiber filter 11 according to the present invention. It can be seen that the fiber filter 11 is arranged rotated relative to the fluidized bed reactor 5 by 90 ° in the plane of the drawing. Due to the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the fluidized bed reactor 5, it is possible by broadening the cross-sectional width over the hood 8 to arrange the feed channel 13 transversely, without having to modify the geometry of the flow-through cross section , As a result of the arrangement of the fiber filter 11 rotated by 90 °, more installation space is available for the installation of the fluidized-bed reactor 5 as part of retrofitting between an existing boiler 1 and an existing fiber filter 11. _ _
- Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of diffuser nozzles 14 in a fluidized bed reactor 5 according to the prior art.
- the fluidized bed reactor usually has only one diffuser nozzle.
- Fig. 7 shows a fluidized bed reactor 5, which is designed for flue gas volume flows> 400,000 standard m 3 .
- the exemplarily selected reactor space of the fluidized bed reactor 5 has a total cross section of 78.5 m 2 , for the arrangement of the diffuser nozzles is a diameter of 6.2 m available.
- Fig. 8 illustrates various cross-sectional shapes of the reactor space of a fluidized bed reactor having a rectangular cross section, wherein the total cross sectional area of the rectangular fluidized bed reactor 5 corresponds to the cross sectional area of the fluidized bed reactor 5 shown in Fig. 7 having a round cross section.
- the cross-sectional shapes shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are thus suitable for the same flue gas volume flows.
- Various arrangements of the diffuser nozzles 14 are shown in FIGS. 8a, b and c.
- the dimensions of the reactor space and thus also the outer dimensions of the fluidized bed reactor 5 can be varied in a wider range for the same cross-sectional area and thus the same flue gas volume flow, so that the fluidized bed reactor 5 advantageously under different, cramped space conditions in existing flue gas cleaning systems can be retrofitted.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/010592 WO2006032288A1 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | Flue-gas purification system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1799331A1 true EP1799331A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
Family
ID=34958721
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04765467A Withdrawn EP1799331A1 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | Flue-gas purification system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080159922A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1799331A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100421770C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006032288A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018094588A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-31 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Flue gas purification tower |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2263779B1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2015-03-11 | ENVIROSERV GmbH | Exhaust gas purification assembly with exhaust unit |
EP2263780B1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2017-12-06 | ENVIROSERV GmbH | Exhaust gas purification assembly with nozzle variation |
DE102011052788B4 (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2014-03-20 | Harald Sauer | Process and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases |
WO2015113627A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | A method of and a scrubber for removing pollutant compounds from a gas stream |
PL3099398T3 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | A method of and a scrubber for removing pollutant compounds from a gas stream |
CN107405569A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-11-28 | 哈蒙茵威瑟乌有限公司 | Flue-gas cleaning devices and the method for purifying smoke |
US10232310B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2019-03-19 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Multi-function duct for dry scrubber system |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1562770A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1980-03-19 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Slot pyrolysis reacotr and method of pyrolysis |
DE3235558A1 (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-03-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR SEPARATING POLLUTANTS FROM EXHAUST GAS |
DE3429332A1 (en) * | 1984-08-09 | 1986-02-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR SEPARATING NO (DOWN ARROW) X (DOWN ARROW) AND SO (DOWN ARROW) 2 (DOWN ARROW) FROM SMOKE GASES |
FI851382A0 (en) * | 1985-04-04 | 1985-04-04 | Ekono Oy | FOERFARANDE OCH KATALYSATOR FOER REDUKTION AV KVAEVEOXIDHALTEN I ROEKGASER. |
FI78401B (en) * | 1985-04-24 | 1989-04-28 | Tampella Oy Ab | FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER ATT BRINGA ROEKGASERNAS GASFORMIGA SVAVELFOERENINGAR SAOSOM SVAVELDIOXID ATT REAGERA TILL FASTA FOERENINGAR SOM SEPARERAS FRAON ROEKGASERNA. |
US5344614A (en) * | 1992-09-11 | 1994-09-06 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Reactor for reducing sulfur oxides emissions in a combustion process |
US5325797A (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1994-07-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Staged fluidized-bed combustion and filter system |
US6328790B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-12-11 | Envirocare International, Inc. | Tapered gas inlet for gas treatment system |
-
2004
- 2004-09-22 CN CNB2004800408053A patent/CN100421770C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-22 EP EP04765467A patent/EP1799331A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-22 WO PCT/EP2004/010592 patent/WO2006032288A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-22 US US11/578,636 patent/US20080159922A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006032288A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018094588A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-31 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Flue gas purification tower |
US11097218B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2021-08-24 | Institute Of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Flue gas purification tower |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006032288A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
CN100421770C (en) | 2008-10-01 |
US20080159922A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
CN1905932A (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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