EP1795303A1 - Abrasive tool - Google Patents
Abrasive tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1795303A1 EP1795303A1 EP06120537A EP06120537A EP1795303A1 EP 1795303 A1 EP1795303 A1 EP 1795303A1 EP 06120537 A EP06120537 A EP 06120537A EP 06120537 A EP06120537 A EP 06120537A EP 1795303 A1 EP1795303 A1 EP 1795303A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- abrasive
- grinding tool
- tool according
- abrasive grain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D15/00—Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping
- B24D15/02—Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping rigid; with rigidly-supported operative surface
- B24D15/023—Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping rigid; with rigidly-supported operative surface using in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
- B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
- B24D11/005—Making abrasive webs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
- B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
- B24D9/08—Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel abrasive tool with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive, which is particularly suitable for wet grinding hard surfaces of, for example, ceramic paints.
- Hard surfaces require a very hard abrasive grain such as diamond, cubic boron nitride or boron carbide. These are quite expensive, which stands in the way of their dissemination.
- wet grinding is understood to mean that the abrasive tool is moistened with water before use, for example with the aid of a hand sprayer.
- the expert usually adds just enough water that not the entire surface of the workpiece is wet, but that just the surface to be treated is moistened so far that the grinding tool can absorb the liquid in the compressible part again.
- the skilled person rinses out the compressible part by applying slight pressure and adds new water.
- the water could also be supplied permanently.
- the cumulative contact time of the grinding tool with the surface to be processed is to be understood by the service life, via which a desired grinding performance can be maintained.
- the desired grinding performance is a uniform matt appearance of the machined surface.
- a ceramic surface is to be understood as meaning a surface which contains ceramic constituents and is therefore hard.
- a ceramic coating PPG 9000 can preferably be processed.
- the abrasive grain is applied only superficially, i. the abrasive grain is only on the surface forming portions of the first layer, e.g. the webs in a network structure with holes. According to the invention particularly preferred, these webs are not completely coated with abrasive.
- the inventive grinding tool is characterized by a high degree of flexibility due to the nature of the substrate.
- the resin-bonded abrasive grain on the surface can thus be pushed out of the tool during the grinding process.
- the water supplied to the grinding tool is at least partially retained in the second, water-absorbable and compressible layer.
- the resulting during grinding sanding dust can be easily removed by squeezing the grinding tool.
- the water contained in the second layer is pushed out, passes to the surface of the grinding tool due to the permeability of the grain-carrying layer and rinses the grinding dust located on or in the surface of the grinding tool.
- the grinding tool can be easily used again following this simple and fast process. However, it is sufficient to completely occur during the machining process compression of the grinding tool to squeeze the water present in the second layer during processing and to achieve the desired removal of the grinding dust continuously.
- the service lives of the grinding tool according to the invention exceed the service lives of conventional full-surface grinding tools by a factor of about 20 to 100.
- abrasive grain natural or artificial diamond or cubic boron nitride may be used, with diamond being preferred not least for economic reasons.
- the indicated amounts of abrasive, abrasive grain and binder refer to the amount of abrasive applied which is determined as follows: A substrate having a hole structure with a total surface area of 100 cm 2 (with a ridge content (effective surface area) of 33 to 50% and one Hole proportion of 50 to 67%) is weighed in the uncoated state. Subsequently, the abrasive is applied and the resulting grinding tool is weighed again in the wet state and the difference between the determined values determined to obtain the applied amount of abrasive in the wet state. The abrasive tool is then dried in an oven at 130 ° C for 2 hours and weighed again to obtain the applied amount of abrasive in the dry state.
- the amount of abrasive grain and binder will vary depending on the size of the abrasive grain. As the grain size increases, the abrasive grain to binder ratio gradually shifts toward the binder, i. In a fixed amount of binder less abrasive grain is absorbed with increasing grain size.
- the grinding tool in the dry state preferably has on its surface an amount of abrasive grain of a size of 1 to 30 microns of 2.5 to 10 g / m 2 (equivalent to 12.5 to 50 carats / m 2 diamond) or an amount on abrasive grain of a size of 30 to 120 microns from 10 to 40 g / m 2 (equivalent to 50 to 200 carats / m 2 diamond) on.
- the abrasive grain is bonded to the substrate via a resin binder.
- Metal bonded abrasives are not included in the present invention.
- the use of a so-called resin-bonded abrasive grain or "Resin-Bond-Diamond” has the advantage that it has an increased Nachharrencing tendency (English high friability).
- all conventional resin binders can be used, for example phenolic resins (preferably with a water content of 20%), melamine resins, urea resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polyacrylate resins or polyurethane resins.
- water-soluble resins such as phenolic resins
- phenolic resins which are water-soluble in the uncured state.
- the use of water-soluble resins allows easy recovery of the abrasive grain from wastes that may be incurred in application processes such as spraying.
- the residue of abrasive grain and unhardened resin is simply poured into an aqueous, preferably alkaline solution and the resin separated cleanly and efficiently.
- the application process can be carried out more quickly, without any associated economic disadvantages (loss of abrasive grain).
- the amount of binder varies depending on the size of the abrasive grain used. According to the invention, the amount of binder on the grinding tool in the dry state (ie after evaporation of the solvent) is 2.5-10 g / m 2 when using abrasive grain having a size of 1 to 30 ⁇ m or 10 to 80 g / m 2 binder when using abrasive grain a size of 30 to 120 microns.
- the substrate of the grinding tool according to the invention comprises at least two different layers.
- the first layer carries the abrasive grain which is bonded to this first layer via the resin binder described above.
- the first layer must be permeable to water so that the water retained in the second layer can pass through that layer and wash away in or on top of deposited abrasive dust.
- the first layer also serves to reinforce the second layer. On the other hand, however, it must have sufficient flexibility to allow compression of the second layer for squeezing out the water retained therein, while maintaining the shape of the grinding tool, as well as adapting the grinding tool to the surface structure of the workpiece to be machined.
- the surface carrying the abrasive should be the first layer plan.
- plane is understood to mean that the portions forming the surface of the layer (e.g., webs with mesh structure with holes) of the first layer are at substantially the same level (within the usual measurement accuracy).
- the first layer preferably has a thickness of 0.01 cm to 0.1 cm.
- the selected thickness depends on the requirement profile and can be determined and adjusted by the skilled person without any problems.
- the grinding tool according to the invention comprises at least one second layer.
- the second layer must be able to absorb and retain water. Furthermore, the second layer must be compressible so that the water contained therein can be pushed out of this layer and through the first layer. In this case, however, the second layer or the entire grinding tool should be dimensionally faithful, ie its original shape after termination of external force again taking. In this way it is ensured that the grinding tool according to the invention can again be used in the same way and freed from grinding dust and adapts to the surface condition of the workpiece to be machined.
- the second layer of the substrate of the grinding tool according to the invention thus consists of a soft foam.
- the skilled person is aware of soft foams.
- An example is open-celled polyether PU foam.
- the second layer can consist of several, preferably two, sublayers.
- An example of this is the "3D spacer fabrics" from Scott & Fyve (Great Britain), a product consisting of two inseparably interwoven fabric layers.
- the backsheets are not made of foam, it is of course also possible to use two foam underlays.
- the second layer (or the entirety of sub-layers, which together form the second layer) generally has a thickness of 0.2 cm to 1 cm.
- the selected thickness depends on the requirement profile and can be determined and adjusted by the skilled person without any problems.
- the first and second layers may be bonded together in a conventional and known manner, for example by gluing, flame laminating or Velcro bonding. In the latter case, only the first, grain-bearing layer is laminated with a velor. The second layer is then in the form of a reusable intermediate pads before. The connection must, however, be permeable to water in any case.
- the two layers are joined together.
- a simple replacement of the first, the abrasive grain bearing layer is possible.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a unit of a water-permeable, flexible textile layer comprising multi-filaments and on which an abrasive of binder and abrasive grain selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride is deposited, in one of the above described inventive grinding tool.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a unit comprising a layer which can absorb water, is compressible under retention of shape and has a water-permeable, self-adhering layer on at least one side, in a grinding tool according to the invention described above.
- the surface of the second layer which faces away from the surface carrying the first layer, is designed to be self-adhesive is. This can be done by providing on the corresponding surface of the second layer a layer of conventional suede (for example made of nylon) or Velcro or an adhesive layer.
- a layer of conventional suede for example made of nylon
- Velcro or an adhesive layer.
- the inventive grinding tool is particularly suitable for processing surfaces containing ceramic components.
- surface materials to be treated are: ceramic surfaces per se, ceramic lacquers on wood (eg sealed parquet floors), technical glass, glass, composite materials based on stone or minerals, fibrous composites such as fiberglass plastics (GRPs) or carbon fiber plastics (CFKs) ) or aramid fiber plastics, or "super hard" paints such as epoxy paints.
- the abrasive tool of the invention is preferably provided in the form of discs or strips for use on conventional hand-held grinders, e.g. Excenterschleifmaschinen be applied.
- the abrasive tool of the invention can be produced by applying to the first layer of the substrate the abrasive grain with the resin binder by a pressure-free coating process.
- pressure-free coating methods are, for example, spray coating, dip coating or kiss coating, air knife or transfer method.
- a water-soluble resin binder in the uncured state. It is then not necessary in the application process take special care to the effect that the expensive abrasive grain as completely as possible reaches the substrate surface. Rather, faster processes such as over-spraying the substrate (beyond the surface to be coated) can be accomplished by providing a catcher such as a pan adjacent and below the substrate to be coated.
- the grinding tool is produced in that only the surface of the first layer is coated in the immersion process. Especially in the case of a substrate with a hole-mesh structure, the application quantity can be precisely metered.
- Such available grinding tools are the subject of the present invention.
- the surface treatment with the grinding tools according to the invention is carried out by wet grinding, preferably with a hand sprayer.
- the expert usually adds just enough water that not the entire surface of the workpiece is wet, but that just the surface to be treated is moistened so far that the grinding tool can absorb the liquid in the compressible part again. If necessary, the skilled person rinses out the compressible part by applying slight pressure and adds new water.
- an inventive grinding tool 1 is shown.
- the grinding tool has resin-bonded diamond 2 as abrasive grain.
- the binder resin is preferably a phenolic resin.
- the diamond is located on the elevations (webs) of the first layer 3, preferably of a knitted fabric.
- the first layer is permeable to water and preferably has a planar surface.
- the first layer is located on a second layer 4, which can absorb water and is compressible under retention of shape.
- this second layer 5 is made of a soft foam.
- the two layers are connected by a water-permeable connection.
- the layer 5 is a Velcro layer or a layer of an adhesive.
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a grinding tool according to the invention. It can be seen that a comparatively small amount of abrasive grain is applied to the webs of the surface of the first substrate layer.
- the grinding performance of the abrasive tool thus produced was determined on 30mm discs with an eccentric grinder.
- the abrasive surface of the abrasive tool was moistened with a hand sprayer as described above.
- a scratch-resistant ceramic varnish PPG 9000 was sanded with the grinding tool for 5 s in the same place before proceeding to the processing of another place. Appears after such editing the ground point as dull, the grinding performance is considered good.
- Fig. 3 the result of such a test is shown with the grinding tool according to Example 1 over a period of 20 minutes.
- inventive grinding tool With the inventive grinding tool, it was possible to work in this way well over 100 sites with very good grinding result. After 20 minutes accumulated contact time between grinding tool and machined surface of the experiment was terminated without the inventive grinding tool would have been already consumed at this time. The inventive grinding tool thus had a service life of more than 20 minutes
- Comparative Examples 1 and 5 are various abrasive tools with corundum as an abrasive grain on a paper substrate (Comparative Example 1: Norton A975 (P400) from Norton; Comparative Example 5: siamic1990 (P1000) from the company sia abrasives).
- Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were grinding tools with a base corresponding to the grinding tool according to the invention, but with corundum or silicon carbide as abrasive grain (Comparative Example 2: Abralon (K1000) from Mirka with silicon carbide as abrasive grain Comparative Example 3: siaair velvet (K1000) with corundum as abrasive grain from the company sia abrasives).
- Comparative Example 4 was a grinding tool with corundum as abrasive grain on a base made of non-woven fabric (siavlies (K6000) from sia abrasives).
- the grinding performance of the comparative examples was already after a few points. In none of the comparative examples was after processing more than 3 points a continuous matting (and thus good grinding performance) of the machined points more recognizable. The corresponding grinding tools were thus consumed much faster than the inventive grinding tool.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein neuartiges Schleifwerkzeug mit Diamant oder kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifmittel, welches sich besonders zum Nassschliff von harten Oberflächen aus beispielsweise keramischen Lacken eignet.The present invention relates to a novel abrasive tool with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive, which is particularly suitable for wet grinding hard surfaces of, for example, ceramic paints.
Die Bearbeitung harter Oberflächen, beispielsweise aus keramischen Lacken im Automobilbereich, mit Hilfe von Hand-Schleifwerkzeugen, d.h. von Werkzeugen, die während des Bearbeitungsvorgangs manuell bewegt werden, ist bisher noch nicht zufrieden stellend gelöst. Herkömmliche vollflächige Schleifwerkzeuge weisen in diesen Prozessen sehr geringe Standzeiten auf: nach der Bearbeitung von etwa 2 bis 5 Schleifpunkten ist das Schleifwerkzeug bereits vollständig verschliessen. Es ist offensichtlich, dass die Oberflächenbearbeitung eines vollständigen Automobils mit derartigen Schleifwerkzeugen zeit- und kostenintensiv ist.The machining of hard surfaces, for example of ceramic paints in the automotive sector, by means of hand-held abrasive tools, i. Tools that are moved manually during the machining process, has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. Conventional full-surface grinding tools have very short service lives in these processes: after machining about 2 to 5 grinding points, the grinding tool is already completely closed. It is obvious that the surface finishing of a complete automobile with such abrasive tools is time and cost intensive.
Ein weiteres Problem ergibt sich bei herkömmlichen vollflächigen Schleifwerkzeugen dadurch, dass bei der Bearbeitung harter Oberflächen das Schleifkorn schnell abgenutzt wird, Kornstücke herausbrechen und in Berührung mit der zu bearbeitenden Oberfläche kommen. Die Konsequenz sind unerwünschte Schleifspuren (Swirls) auf der bearbeiteten Oberfläche. Dies passiert ebenso, wenn harte Partikel der Oberfläche herausgelöst und vom Schleifmittel nicht korrekt aufgenommen oder ausgewaschen werden.Another problem arises in conventional full-surface grinding tools in that when machining hard surfaces, the abrasive grain is quickly worn, break out pieces of grain and come into contact with the surface to be machined. The consequence is undesirable swirl marks on the machined surface. This also happens when hard particles are removed from the surface and are not picked up or washed properly by the abrasive.
Für die Bearbeitung harter Oberflächen ist ein sehr hartes Schleifkorn wie Diamant, kubisches Bornitrid oder Borcarbid notwendig. Diese sind recht teuer, was ihrer Verbreitung im Weg steht.Hard surfaces require a very hard abrasive grain such as diamond, cubic boron nitride or boron carbide. These are quite expensive, which stands in the way of their dissemination.
Es bestand ein Bedürfnis nach einem verbesserten Schleifwerkzeug zur Bearbeitung harter Oberflächen, welches höhere Standzeiten aufweist und auf der bearbeiteten Oberfläche keine Schleifspuren hinterlässt.There was a need for an improved abrasive tool for machining hard surfaces which has a longer service life and leaves no sanding marks on the machined surface.
Überraschend wurde die vorstehende Aufgabe durch ein Schleifwerkzeug gelöst, umfassend ein Substrat mit
- i) einer ersten wasserdurchlässigen, flexiblen textilen Schicht, welche Multi-Filamente aufweist und auf welcher das Schleifmittel aufgebracht ist,
- ii) und mindestens einer zweiten Schicht, welche mit der schleifmittelfreien Oberfläche der ersten Schicht verbunden ist, Wasser aufnehmen kann und komprimierbar ist,
- i) a first water-permeable, flexible textile layer, which has multi-filaments and on which the abrasive is applied,
- ii) and at least one second layer, which is connected to the abrasive-free surface of the first layer, can absorb water and is compressible,
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter Nassschliff verstanden, dass das Schleifwerkzeug vor dem Einsatz zum Beispiel mit Hilfe einer Handzerstäubers mit Wasser befeuchtet wird. Mit dem Handzerstäuber fügt der Fachmann üblicherweise gerade so viel Wasser hinzu, dass nicht die gesamte Oberfläche des Werkstücks nass ist, sondern dass gerade die zu bearbeitende Fläche soweit befeuchtet ist, dass das Schleifwerkzeug die Flüssigkeit im komprimierbaren Teil wieder aufnehmen kann. Nach Bedarf spült der Fachmann den komprimierbaren Teil mittels leichten Drucks wieder aus und fügt neues Wasser hinzu. Alternativ könnte das Wasser auch permanent zugeführt werden.According to the present invention, wet grinding is understood to mean that the abrasive tool is moistened with water before use, for example with the aid of a hand sprayer. With the manual atomizer, the expert usually adds just enough water that not the entire surface of the workpiece is wet, but that just the surface to be treated is moistened so far that the grinding tool can absorb the liquid in the compressible part again. If necessary, the skilled person rinses out the compressible part by applying slight pressure and adds new water. Alternatively, the water could also be supplied permanently.
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung soll unter der Standzeit die aufsummierte Kontaktzeit von Schleifwerkzeug mit zu bearbeitender Oberfläche verstanden werden, über die eine gewünschte Schleifleistung aufrechterhalten werden kann. Die gewünschte Schleifleistung ist ein gleichmässiges mattes Erscheinungsbild der bearbeiteten Oberfläche.According to the present invention, the cumulative contact time of the grinding tool with the surface to be processed is to be understood by the service life, via which a desired grinding performance can be maintained. The desired grinding performance is a uniform matt appearance of the machined surface.
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung soll unter einer KeramikOberfläche eine Oberfläche verstanden werden, welche Keramikbestandteile enthält und deshalb hart ist. Für die Ermittlung der Standzeit kann vorzugsweise ein Keramiklack PPG 9000 bearbeitet werden.According to the present invention, a ceramic surface is to be understood as meaning a surface which contains ceramic constituents and is therefore hard. To determine the service life, a ceramic coating PPG 9000 can preferably be processed.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die vorstehenden deutlich verlängerten Standzeiten dadurch erreicht werden können, dass auf die erfindungsgemässe flexible Unterlage aus mindestens zwei Schichten eine bestimmte, im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Schleifwerkzeugen geringe Menge an Schleifmittel aufgetragen wird. Ein zu hoher Auftrag an Schleifmittel würde zu erheblichen Einbussen in der Flexibilität und somit in der Leistungsfähigkeit des Schleifwerkzeugs führen.It has been found that the above significantly extended service life can be achieved by applying to the flexible substrate of at least two layers according to the invention a specific amount of abrasive, which is small in comparison with conventional grinding tools. Excessive abrasive application would lead to significant losses in flexibility and thus in the performance of the grinding tool.
Beim erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug ist das Schleifkorn nur oberflächlich aufgetragen, d.h. das Schleifkorn befindet sich nur auf den die Oberfläche bildenden Abschnitten der ersten Schicht, also z.B. der Stege bei einer Netz-Struktur mit Löchern. Erfindungsgemäss besonders bevorzugt sind diese Stege nicht vollständig mit Schleifmittel beschichtet.In the abrasive tool according to the invention, the abrasive grain is applied only superficially, i. the abrasive grain is only on the surface forming portions of the first layer, e.g. the webs in a network structure with holes. According to the invention particularly preferred, these webs are not completely coated with abrasive.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug zeichnet sich aufgrund der Beschaffenheit des Substrats durch eine hohe Flexibilität aus. Das auf der Oberfläche harzgebundene Schleifkorn kann somit während des Schleifvorgangs aus dem Werkzeug herausgedrückt werden.The inventive grinding tool is characterized by a high degree of flexibility due to the nature of the substrate. The resin-bonded abrasive grain on the surface can thus be pushed out of the tool during the grinding process.
Dies führt zu deutlich erhöhten Standzeiten sowie zu einer schonenden Zerspanung des bearbeiteten Produkts.This leads to significantly longer service life and gentle machining of the processed product.
Beim Nassschliff wird das dem Schleifwerkzeug zugeführte Wasser in der zweiten, wasseraufnehmbaren und unter Formerhalt komprimierbaren Schicht zumindest teilweise zurückgehalten. Der während des Schleifens anfallende Schleifstaub kann auf einfache Weise dadurch entfernt werden, dass man das Schleifwerkzeug zusammendrückt. Hierbei wird das in der zweiten Schicht enthaltene Wasser herausgedrückt, gelangt aufgrund der Permeabilität der korntragenden Schicht zur Oberfläche des Schleifwerkzeugs und spült den auf oder in der Oberfläche des Schleifwerkzeugs befindlichen Schleifstaub fort. Das Schleifwerkzeug kann im Anschluss an diesen einfach und schnell durchführbaren Vorgang wieder problemlos verwendet werden. Es genügt aber vollkommen die während des Bearbeitungsvorgangs auftretende Komprimierung des Schleifwerkzeugs, um das in der zweiten Schicht vorhandene Wasser während der Bearbeitung herauszudrücken und kontinuierlich die gewünschte Entfernung des Schleifstaubs zu erreichen.In wet grinding, the water supplied to the grinding tool is at least partially retained in the second, water-absorbable and compressible layer. The resulting during grinding sanding dust can be easily removed by squeezing the grinding tool. In this case, the water contained in the second layer is pushed out, passes to the surface of the grinding tool due to the permeability of the grain-carrying layer and rinses the grinding dust located on or in the surface of the grinding tool. The grinding tool can be easily used again following this simple and fast process. However, it is sufficient to completely occur during the machining process compression of the grinding tool to squeeze the water present in the second layer during processing and to achieve the desired removal of the grinding dust continuously.
Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug wird ein Schleifen ohne Schleifspuren (Swirls) mit überraschend hohen Standzeiten erreicht. Die Standzeiten des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs übertreffen die Standzeiten herkömmlicher vollflächiger Schleifwerkzeuge um einen Faktor von etwa 20 bis 100.With the grinding tool according to the invention, grinding without grinding marks (swirls) with surprisingly long service lives is achieved. The service lives of the grinding tool according to the invention exceed the service lives of conventional full-surface grinding tools by a factor of about 20 to 100.
Als Schleifkorn kann natürlicher oder künstlicher Diamant oder kubisches Bornitrid verwendet werden, wobei Diamant nicht zuletzt aus ökonomischen Gründen bevorzugt ist.As the abrasive grain, natural or artificial diamond or cubic boron nitride may be used, with diamond being preferred not least for economic reasons.
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht in der Menge an aufgetragenem Schleifmittel. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft deshalb ein Schleifwerkzeug, umfassend ein Substrat mit
- i) einer ersten wasserdurchlässigen, flexiblen textilen Schicht, welche Multi-Filamente aufweist und eine plane Oberfläche besitzt, auf welcher das Schleifmittel aufgebracht ist,
- ii) und mindestens einer zweiten Schicht, welche mit der schleifmittelfreien Oberfläche der ersten Schicht verbunden ist, Wasser aufnehmen kann und komprimierbar ist,
- i) a first water-permeable, flexible textile layer which has multi-filaments and has a planar surface on which the abrasive is applied,
- ii) and at least one second layer, which is connected to the abrasive-free surface of the first layer, can absorb water and is compressible,
Die angegebenen Mengen an Schleifmittel, Schleifkorn und Bindemittel beziehen sich auf die Menge an aufgetragenem Schleifmittel, welche wie folgt bestimmt wird: Ein Substrat mit Lochstruktur mit einer Gesamtoberfläche von 100 cm2 (mit einem Steganteil (effektive Oberfläche) von 33 bis 50% und einem Lochanteil von 50 bis 67%) wird im unbeschichteten Zustand gewogen. Anschliessend wird das Schleifmittel aufgetragen, und das erhaltene Schleifwerkzeug wird im Nasszustand erneut gewogen und die Differenz zwischen den ermittelten Werten bestimmt, um die aufgetragene Menge an Schleifmittel im Nasszustand zu erhalten. Das Schleifwerkzeug wird anschliessend in einem Ofen bei 130°C für 2 h getrocknet und erneut gewogen, um die aufgetragene Menge an Schleifmittel im Trockenzustand zu erhalten.The indicated amounts of abrasive, abrasive grain and binder refer to the amount of abrasive applied which is determined as follows: A substrate having a hole structure with a total surface area of 100 cm 2 (with a ridge content (effective surface area) of 33 to 50% and one Hole proportion of 50 to 67%) is weighed in the uncoated state. Subsequently, the abrasive is applied and the resulting grinding tool is weighed again in the wet state and the difference between the determined values determined to obtain the applied amount of abrasive in the wet state. The abrasive tool is then dried in an oven at 130 ° C for 2 hours and weighed again to obtain the applied amount of abrasive in the dry state.
Wie dem Fachmann bekannt variieren die Menge an Schleifkorn und Bindemittel in Abhängigkeit von der Grösse des Schleifkorns. Mit zunehmender Korngrösse verschiebt sich das Verhältnis von Schleifkorn zu Bindemittel stufenweise in Richtung Bindemittel d.h. In einer festgelegten Menge Bindemittel wird mit zunehmender Korngrösse weniger Schleifkorn aufgenommen.As known to those skilled in the art, the amount of abrasive grain and binder will vary depending on the size of the abrasive grain. As the grain size increases, the abrasive grain to binder ratio gradually shifts toward the binder, i. In a fixed amount of binder less abrasive grain is absorbed with increasing grain size.
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung weist das Schleifwerkzeug im Trockenzustand auf seiner Oberfläche vorzugsweise eine Menge an Schleifkorn einer Grösse von 1 bis 30 µm von 2,5 bis 10 g/m2 (entspricht 12,5 bis 50 Karat/m2 Diamant) beziehungsweise eine Menge an Schleifkorn einer Grösse von 30 bis 120 µm von 10 bis 40 g/m2 (entspricht 50 bis 200 Karat/m2 Diamant) auf.According to the present invention, the grinding tool in the dry state preferably has on its surface an amount of abrasive grain of a size of 1 to 30 microns of 2.5 to 10 g / m 2 (equivalent to 12.5 to 50 carats / m 2 diamond) or an amount on abrasive grain of a size of 30 to 120 microns from 10 to 40 g / m 2 (equivalent to 50 to 200 carats / m 2 diamond) on.
Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung wird das Schleifkorn über ein Harz-Bindemittel an das Substrat gebunden. Metallgebundene Schleifmittel sind von der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht umfasst. Die Verwendung eines sogenannten harzgebundenen Schleifkorns oder "Resin-Bond-Diamond" hat den Vorteil, dass es eine erhöhte Nachschärfungstendenz(engl. high friability)aufweist.According to the present invention, the abrasive grain is bonded to the substrate via a resin binder. Metal bonded abrasives are not included in the present invention. The use of a so-called resin-bonded abrasive grain or "Resin-Bond-Diamond" has the advantage that it has an increased Nachharrencing tendency (English high friability).
Erfindungsgemäss können alle herkömmlichen Harz-Bindemittel eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise Phenolharze (vorzugsweise mit einem Wasseranteil von 20%), Melaminharze, Harnstoffharze, Epoxydharze, Polyesterharze, Polyacrylatharze oder Polyurethanharze.According to the invention, all conventional resin binders can be used, for example phenolic resins (preferably with a water content of 20%), melamine resins, urea resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polyacrylate resins or polyurethane resins.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wasserlösliche Harze wie beispielsweise Phenolharze zu verwenden, die im ungehärteten Zustand wasserlöslich sind. Die Verwendung wasserlöslicher Harze erlaubt eine einfache Zurückgewinnung des Schleifkorns aus Abfällen, die bei Auftragverfahren wie beispielsweise Aufsprühen anfallen können. Der Rückstand aus Schleifkorn und ungehärtetem Harz wird einfach in eine wässrige, vorzugsweise alkalische Lösung gegeben und das Harz sauber und effizient abgetrennt. Dadurch kann das Auftragverfahren schneller durchgeführt werden, ohne dass hiermit ökonomische Nachteile (Verlust an Schleifkorn) verbunden wären.According to a preferred embodiment, it is particularly advantageous to use water-soluble resins, such as phenolic resins, which are water-soluble in the uncured state. The use of water-soluble resins allows easy recovery of the abrasive grain from wastes that may be incurred in application processes such as spraying. The residue of abrasive grain and unhardened resin is simply poured into an aqueous, preferably alkaline solution and the resin separated cleanly and efficiently. As a result, the application process can be carried out more quickly, without any associated economic disadvantages (loss of abrasive grain).
Es ist gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung ebenfalls von Bedeutung, dass nicht zuviel Bindemittel auf das Substrat aufgetragen wird. Bei einer zu grossen Menge an Bindemittel auf der Schleifmitteloberfläche wird das Schleifwerkzeug zu hart und verliert an Leistungsfähigkeit. Wie dem Fachmann bekannt variiert jedoch die Menge an Bindemittel in Abhängigkeit von der Grösse des verwendeten Schleifkorns. Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt beträgt die Menge an Bindemittel auf dem Schleifwerkzeug im Trockenzustand (d.h. nach Verdampfen des Lösungsmittels) 2.5-10 g/m2 bei Verwendung von Schleifkorn einer Grösse von 1 bis 30 µm beziehungsweise 10 bis 80 g/m2 Bindemittel bei Verwendung von Schleifkorn einer Grösse von 30 bis 120 µm.It is also important according to the present invention that not too much binder is applied to the substrate. With too much amount of binder on the abrasive surface, the abrasive tool becomes too hard and loses performance. As known to those skilled in the art, however, the amount of binder varies depending on the size of the abrasive grain used. According to the invention, the amount of binder on the grinding tool in the dry state (ie after evaporation of the solvent) is 2.5-10 g / m 2 when using abrasive grain having a size of 1 to 30 μm or 10 to 80 g / m 2 binder when using abrasive grain a size of 30 to 120 microns.
Wie vorstehend ausgeführt umfasst das Substrat des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs mindestens zwei verschiedene Schichten.As stated above, the substrate of the grinding tool according to the invention comprises at least two different layers.
Die erste Schicht trägt das Schleifkorn, welches über das vorstehend beschriebene Harz-Bindemittel an diese erste Schicht gebunden ist. Die erste Schicht muss wasserdurchlässig sein, damit das in der zweiten Schicht zurückgehaltene Wasser durch diese Schicht hindurchtreten und in auf oder auf dieser abgelagerten Schleifstaub wegspülen kann. Die erste Schicht dient auch zur Verstärkung der zweiten Schicht. Sie muss aber andererseits eine ausreichende Flexibilität aufweisen, damit eine Komprimierung der zweiten Schicht zum Herausdrücken des darin zurückgehaltenen Wassers unter Beibehaltung der Form des Schleifwerkzeugs sowie eine Anpassung des Schleifwerkzeugs an die Oberflächenstruktur des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks möglich ist.The first layer carries the abrasive grain which is bonded to this first layer via the resin binder described above. The first layer must be permeable to water so that the water retained in the second layer can pass through that layer and wash away in or on top of deposited abrasive dust. The first layer also serves to reinforce the second layer. On the other hand, however, it must have sufficient flexibility to allow compression of the second layer for squeezing out the water retained therein, while maintaining the shape of the grinding tool, as well as adapting the grinding tool to the surface structure of the workpiece to be machined.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die vorstehenden Anforderungen besonders gut von flexiblen textilen Schichten erfüllt sind, welche Multi-Filamente aufweisen. Besonders bevorzugt sind Schichten, die aus einem Gewirke wie einer Charmeuse oder einem Gewebe mit 1,4-Köper-Bindung (Gewebe, in welchem Schussfäden und Kettfäden im Verhältnis 1:4 vorhanden sind) aufgebaut sind. Es können hierbei gängige Gewirke oder Gewebe mit 1,4-Köper-Bindung verwendet werden. Ein Beispiel sind die "Technical Fabrics for abrasive disks" der Firma Sitip (Italien) (Polyamid, dtex: 44). Es ist aber beispielsweise auch möglich, dass die erste Schicht aus einem Velours, aus spunn bonded-Vliesen, Nadelfliessen oder aus einem perforierten vollflächigen Träger gefertigt ist.It has been found that the above requirements are particularly well met by flexible textile layers comprising multi-filaments. Particular preference is given to layers which are composed of a knitted fabric such as a Charmeuse or a fabric with a 1,4 twill weave (woven fabric in which weft threads and warp threads are present in a ratio of 1: 4). Common knitted fabrics or fabrics with 1,4-twill weave can be used here. An example are the "Technical Fabrics for abrasive disks" from Sitip (Italy) (polyamide, dtex: 44). However, it is also possible, for example, that the first layer is made of a suede, of spun-bonded nonwovens, needle flow or of a perforated full-surface support.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt sollte die das Schleifmittel tragende Oberfläche der ersten Schichtplan sein. Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung soll unter "plan" verstanden werden, dass die die Oberfläche der Schicht bildenden Abschnitte (z.B. Stege bei Netz-Struktur mit Löchern)) der ersten Schicht auf im Wesentlichen gleicher Höhe liegen (im Rahmen üblicher Messgenauigkeit).According to the invention, the surface carrying the abrasive should be the first layer plan. According to the present invention, "plan" is understood to mean that the portions forming the surface of the layer (e.g., webs with mesh structure with holes) of the first layer are at substantially the same level (within the usual measurement accuracy).
Erfindungsgemäss weist die erste Schicht vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 0,01 cm bis 0,1 cm auf. Die gewählte Dicke ist vom Anforderungsprofil abhängig und kann vom Fachmann ohne Probleme entsprechend bestimmt und eingestellt werden.According to the invention, the first layer preferably has a thickness of 0.01 cm to 0.1 cm. The selected thickness depends on the requirement profile and can be determined and adjusted by the skilled person without any problems.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug umfasst mindestens eine zweite Schicht. Die zweite Schicht muss in der Lage sein, Wasser aufnehmen und zurückhalten zu können. Weiterhin muss die zweite Schicht komprimierbar sein, so dass das darin enthaltene Wasser aus dieser Schicht heraus und durch die erste Schicht hindurch gedrückt werden kann. Dabei soll aber die zweite Schicht beziehungsweise das gesamte Schleifwerkzeug formtreu sein, d.h. seine ursprüngliche Form nach Beendigung externer Krafteinwirkung wieder einnehmen. Auf diese Weise wird gewährleistet, dass das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug erneut auf gleiche Weise verwendet und von Schleifstaub befreit werden kann und sich an die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks anpasst.The grinding tool according to the invention comprises at least one second layer. The second layer must be able to absorb and retain water. Furthermore, the second layer must be compressible so that the water contained therein can be pushed out of this layer and through the first layer. In this case, however, the second layer or the entire grinding tool should be dimensionally faithful, ie its original shape after termination of external force again taking. In this way it is ensured that the grinding tool according to the invention can again be used in the same way and freed from grinding dust and adapts to the surface condition of the workpiece to be machined.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass herkömmliche weiche Schaumstoffe die vorstehenden Anforderungen sehr gut erfüllen. Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht somit die zweite Schicht des Substrats des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs aus einem weichen Schaumstoff. Dem Fachmann sind weiche Schaumstoffe bekannt. Als Beispiel sei offenzelliger Polyether-PU-Schaum genannt.It has been found that conventional soft foams meet the above requirements very well. According to a preferred embodiment, the second layer of the substrate of the grinding tool according to the invention thus consists of a soft foam. The skilled person is aware of soft foams. An example is open-celled polyether PU foam.
Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann die zweite Schicht aus mehreren, vorzugsweise zwei Unterschichten bestehen. Ein Beispiel hierfür sind die "3D Spacer fabrics" der Firma Scott & Fyve (Grossbritannien), ein aus zwei miteinander untrennbar verwobenen Gewebeschichten bestehendes Produkt. Obwohl in diesem Beispiele die Unterschichten nicht aus Schaumstoff bestehen, können selbstverständlich auch zwei Unterschichten aus Schaumstoff eingesetzt werden.According to a further embodiment, the second layer can consist of several, preferably two, sublayers. An example of this is the "3D spacer fabrics" from Scott & Fyve (Great Britain), a product consisting of two inseparably interwoven fabric layers. Although in this example the backsheets are not made of foam, it is of course also possible to use two foam underlays.
Erfindungsgemäss weist die zweite Schicht (oder die Gesamtheit an Unterschichten, welche zusammen die zweite Schicht bilden) in der Regel eine Dicke von 0,2 cm bis 1 cm auf. Die gewählte Dicke ist vom Anforderungsprofil abhängig und kann vom Fachmann ohne Probleme entsprechend bestimmt und eingestellt werden.According to the invention, the second layer (or the entirety of sub-layers, which together form the second layer) generally has a thickness of 0.2 cm to 1 cm. The selected thickness depends on the requirement profile and can be determined and adjusted by the skilled person without any problems.
Die erste und zweite Schicht können auf herkömmliche und bekannte Weise miteinander verbunden werden, beispielsweise durch Kleben, Flammkaschieren oder über eine Klettverbindung. In letzterem Fall ist nur die erste, korntragende Schicht mit einem Velours kaschiert. Die zweite Schicht liegt dann in Form eines wieder verwendbaren Zwischenpads vor. Die Verbindung muss aber auf jeden Fall wasserdurchlässig sein.The first and second layers may be bonded together in a conventional and known manner, for example by gluing, flame laminating or Velcro bonding. In the latter case, only the first, grain-bearing layer is laminated with a velor. The second layer is then in the form of a reusable intermediate pads before. The connection must, however, be permeable to water in any case.
Während des Einsatzes des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs sind die beiden Schichten miteinander verbunden. Es ist aber sowohl möglich, beide Schichten permanent miteinander zu verbinden, als auch die Verbindung erst unmittelbar vor dem Einsatz herzustellen. In letzterem Fall ist es möglich, die zweite Schicht auf der Halterung eines Schleifgeräts bereitzustellen und vor dem Einsatz mit der Einheit aus erster Schicht und darauf befindlichem Schleifkorn zu verbinden - vorteilhaft über eine lösbare Verbindung wie eine Klettverbindung. Dadurch ist auch ein einfacher Austausch der ersten, das Schleifkorn tragenden Schicht möglich.During use of the grinding tool according to the invention, the two layers are joined together. However, it is both possible to connect both layers permanently with each other, as well as to make the connection only immediately before use. In the latter case, it is possible to provide the second layer on the support of a sander and to connect prior to use with the first layer unit and abrasive grain thereon - advantageously via a releasable connection such as a Velcro connection. As a result, a simple replacement of the first, the abrasive grain bearing layer is possible.
Demzufolge betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung auch die Verwendung einer Einheit aus einer wasserdurchlässigen, flexiblen textilen Schicht, welche Multi-Filamente aufweist und auf welcher ein Schleifmittel aus Bindemittel und Schleifkorn, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Diamant und kubischem Bornitrid, aufgebracht ist, in einem vorstehend beschriebenen erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug.Accordingly, the present invention also relates to the use of a unit of a water-permeable, flexible textile layer comprising multi-filaments and on which an abrasive of binder and abrasive grain selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride is deposited, in one of the above described inventive grinding tool.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung einer Einheit aus einer Schicht, welche Wasser aufnehmen kann, unter Formerhalt komprimierbar ist und auf mindestens einer Seite eine wasserdurchlässige, selbsthaftende Schicht aufweist, in einem vorstehend beschriebenen erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug.The present invention also relates to the use of a unit comprising a layer which can absorb water, is compressible under retention of shape and has a water-permeable, self-adhering layer on at least one side, in a grinding tool according to the invention described above.
Um das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug auf einer Halterung eines Schleifgeräts befestigen zu können, ist die Oberfläche der zweiten Schicht, welche von der die erste Schicht tragenden Oberfläche abgewandt ist, so ausgestaltet, dass sie selbsthaftend ist. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, dass auf der entsprechenden Oberfläche der zweiten Schicht eine Schicht aus herkömmlichen Velours (beispielsweise aus Nylon) oder Klett oder eine Klebstoffschicht bereitgestellt ist. Derartige Schichten und Arten Ihres Aufbringens sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und bedürfen keiner weiteren Erläuterung.In order to be able to fasten the grinding tool according to the invention to a holder of a grinding device, the surface of the second layer, which faces away from the surface carrying the first layer, is designed to be self-adhesive is. This can be done by providing on the corresponding surface of the second layer a layer of conventional suede (for example made of nylon) or Velcro or an adhesive layer. Such layers and ways of their application are known in the art and need no further explanation.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug eignet sich insbesondere zur Bearbeitung von Oberflächen, welche Keramikbestandteile enthalten. Beispielhaft seien als zu behandelnde Oberflächenmaterialien genannt: Keramik-Oberflächen per se, keramische Lacke auf Holz (z.B. versiegelte Parkettböden), Technische Gläser, Glas, Komposit-Werkstoffe auf Basis von Stein oder Mineralien, faserhaltige Komposite wie Glasfaserkunststoffe (GFKs) oder Kohlefaserkunststoffen (CFKs) oder Aramidfaser-Kunststoffen, oder "superharte" Lacke wie Epoxylacke.The inventive grinding tool is particularly suitable for processing surfaces containing ceramic components. Examples of surface materials to be treated are: ceramic surfaces per se, ceramic lacquers on wood (eg sealed parquet floors), technical glass, glass, composite materials based on stone or minerals, fibrous composites such as fiberglass plastics (GRPs) or carbon fiber plastics (CFKs) ) or aramid fiber plastics, or "super hard" paints such as epoxy paints.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug wird hierbei vorzugsweise in Form von Scheiben oder Streifen bereitgestellt, um auf herkömmlichen Hand-Schleifmaschinen wie z.B. Excenterschleifmaschinen aufgebracht zu werden.The abrasive tool of the invention is preferably provided in the form of discs or strips for use on conventional hand-held grinders, e.g. Excenterschleifmaschinen be applied.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug kann hergestellt werden, indem auf die erste Schicht des Substrats das Schleifkorn mit dem Harz-Bindemittel durch ein druckfreies Beschichtungsverfahren aufgebracht wird. Bekannte druckfreie Beschichtungsverfahren sind beispielsweise Sprühbeschichtung, Antauch-Verfahren (Dip coating oder kiss-coating), air knife/Luftbürste oder Transferverfahren.The abrasive tool of the invention can be produced by applying to the first layer of the substrate the abrasive grain with the resin binder by a pressure-free coating process. Known pressure-free coating methods are, for example, spray coating, dip coating or kiss coating, air knife or transfer method.
Wie vorstehend bereits geschildert ist es hierbei auch vorteilhaft, wenn man ein im ungehärteten Zustand wasserlösliches Harz-Bindemittel einsetzt. Es ist dann nicht notwendig, bei dem Auftragverfahren besondere Sorgfalt dahingehend walten zu lassen, dass das teuere Schleifkorn möglichst vollständig auf die Substratoberfläche gelangt. Man kann vielmehr schnellere Verfahren wie ein Übersprühen des Substrats (über die zu beschichtende Oberfläche hinaus) durchführen, wenn man neben und unterhalb des zu beschichtenden Substrats eine Auffangvorrichtung wie eine Wanne bereitstellt. Das dort gesammelte Gemisch aus Schleifkorn und ungehärtetem Bindemittel kann anschliessend leicht getrennt werden, indem man eine wässrige, bevorzugt alkalische Lösung, insbesondere im pH-Bereich von pH = 10, zusetzt und das Bindemittel darin auflöst. Das Schleifkorn kann dann problemlos abgetrennt (z.B. abfiltriert) werden.As already described above, it is also advantageous to use a water-soluble resin binder in the uncured state. It is then not necessary in the application process take special care to the effect that the expensive abrasive grain as completely as possible reaches the substrate surface. Rather, faster processes such as over-spraying the substrate (beyond the surface to be coated) can be accomplished by providing a catcher such as a pan adjacent and below the substrate to be coated. The mixture of abrasive grain and uncured binder collected there can then be easily separated by adding an aqueous, preferably alkaline solution, in particular in the pH range of pH = 10, and dissolving the binder therein. The abrasive grain can then be easily separated (eg filtered off).
Erfindungsgemäss besonders bevorzugt wird das Schleifwerkzeug dadurch hergestellt, dass nur die Oberfläche der ersten Schicht im Antauchverfahren beschichtet wird. Vor allem bei einem Substrat mit Loch-Netz-Struktur lässt sich hierbei die Auftragsmenge genau dosieren. Derart erhältliche Schleifwerkzeuge sind Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung.According to the invention, the grinding tool is produced in that only the surface of the first layer is coated in the immersion process. Especially in the case of a substrate with a hole-mesh structure, the application quantity can be precisely metered. Such available grinding tools are the subject of the present invention.
Die Oberflächenbehandlung mit den erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugen wird im Nassschliffverfahren durchgeführt, vorzugsweise mit einem Handzerstäuber. Mit dem Handzerstäuber fügt der Fachmann üblicherweise gerade so viel Wasser hinzu, dass nicht die gesamte Oberfläche des Werkstücks nass ist, sondern dass gerade die zu bearbeitende Fläche soweit befeuchtet ist, dass das Schleifwerkzeug die Flüssigkeit im komprimierbaren Teil wieder aufnehmen kann. Nach Bedarf spült der Fachmann den komprimierbaren Teil mittels leichten Drucks wieder aus und fügt neues Wasser hinzu.The surface treatment with the grinding tools according to the invention is carried out by wet grinding, preferably with a hand sprayer. With the manual atomizer, the expert usually adds just enough water that not the entire surface of the workpiece is wet, but that just the surface to be treated is moistened so far that the grinding tool can absorb the liquid in the compressible part again. If necessary, the skilled person rinses out the compressible part by applying slight pressure and adds new water.
Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug wird nachstehend anhand von nicht einschränkenden Figuren und Beispielen näher erläutert.The inventive grinding tool will be explained in more detail below with reference to non-limiting figures and examples.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die das Schleifmittel aufweisende Oberfläche einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeugs
- Fig. 3
- Das Ergebnis einer punktförmigen Oberflächenbearbeitung eines Keramiklacks mit dem erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug über einen Zeitraum von 20 Minuten
- Fig. 4
- Das Ergebnis eines Vergleichsversuchs mit dem erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug und herkömmlichen Schleifwerkzeugen
- Fig. 1
- a schematic view of an embodiment of the inventive grinding tool
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of the abrasive having surface of an embodiment of the inventive grinding tool
- Fig. 3
- The result of a punctiform surface treatment of a ceramic paint with the inventive grinding tool over a period of 20 minutes
- Fig. 4
- The result of a comparative experiment with the inventive grinding tool and conventional grinding tools
In Fig. 1 ist ein erfindungsgemässes Schleifwerkzeug 1 gezeigt. Das Schleifwerkzeug weist harzgebundenen Diamant 2 als Schleifkorn auf. Das Bindemittel-Harz ist vorzugsweise ein Phenolharz. Der Diamant befindet sich auf den Erhebungen (Stegen) der ersten Schicht 3, vorzugsweise aus einem Gewirke, Die erste Schicht ist wasserdurchlässig und weist vorzugsweise eine plane Oberfläche auf. Die erste Schicht befindet sich auf einer zweiten Schicht 4, welche Wasser aufnehmen kann und unter Formerhalt komprimierbar ist. Vorzugsweise besteht diese zweite Schicht 5 aus einem weichen Schaumstoff. Die beiden Schichten sind über eine wasserdurchlässige Verbindung miteinander verbunden. Auf der abgewandten Oberfläche der zweiten Schicht 4 befindet sich eine Schicht 5, welche dem Substrat des Schleifwerkzeugs Selbsthaftung verleiht. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei der Schicht 5 um eine Klettschicht oder um eine Schicht aus einem Klebstoff.In Fig. 1, an
In Fig. 2 ist eine Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemässes Schleifwerkzeug gezeigt. Man erkennt, dass eine vergleichsweise geringe Menge an Schleifkorn auf den Stegen der Oberfläche der ersten Substratschicht aufgebracht ist.FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a grinding tool according to the invention. It can be seen that a comparatively small amount of abrasive grain is applied to the webs of the surface of the first substrate layer.
Eine ca. 70%-ige Phenol-Formaldehyd-Lösung (Präkondensat) wurde zusammen mit einem handelsüblichen integrierten Netzmittel sowie mit Diamant (Korn 1000) als Schleifkorn mittels Antauch-Verfahren (kiss coating) auf eine gewirkte Unterlage (Charmeuse SB780, Steganteil etwa 1/3 bis 1/2 der Oberfläche) aufgebracht. Die gewirkte Unterlage war durch Flammkaschieren auf eine Schaumstoffschicht (6 mm stark, 40 kg/m3 Raumgewicht, mit der darauf aufgebrachten Veloursschicht 55 kg/m3) aus sich nach Kompression schnell wieder ausdehnendem Polyether-polyol aufgebracht (analoge Ergebnisse wurden mit einer Schaumstoffschicht aus sich nach Kompression schnell wieder ausdehnendem Polyetherpolyurethan erzielt). Auf der anderen Oberfläche der Schaumstoffschicht war eine Veloursschicht durch Flammkaschieren aufgetragen worden. Der Schicht-Auftrag der Schleifmittelschicht lag hierbei bei 2,5-5 g/m2 Bindemittel und 2,5-5g/m2 Diamant (Korn 1000). Die aufgetragene Schicht wurde anschliessend in einem Ofen bei 130°C für 2 h ausgehärtet.An approximately 70% phenol-formaldehyde solution (precondensate) was used together with a commercially available integrated wetting agent and diamond (grain 1000) as an abrasive grain by means of anti-kiss kiss coating on a knitted surface (Charmeuse SB780, web portion about 1 / 3 to 1/2 of the surface). The knitted substrate was applied by flame lamination on a foam layer (6 mm thick, 40 kg / m 3 density, with the applied velor layer 55 kg / m 3 ) of rapidly expanding after compression polyether polyol (analogous results were with a foam layer achieved after compression rapidly expanding polyether polyurethane). On the other surface of the foam layer, a suede layer had been applied by flame laminating. The layer application of the abrasive layer here was 2.5-5 g / m 2 binder and 2.5-5 g / m 2 diamond (grain 1000). The applied layer was then cured in an oven at 130 ° C for 2 h.
Die Schleifleistung des so hergestellten Schleifwerkzeugs wurde anhand von 30mm-Scheiben mit einer Excenter-Schleifmaschine bestimmt. Die das Schleifmittel aufweisende Oberfläche des Schleifwerkzeug wurde mit einem Handzerstäuber wie vorstehend beschrieben angefeuchtet. Auf einem kratzfesten keramischen Lack (PPG 9000) wurde mit dem Schleifwerkzeug während 5 s auf der gleichen Stelle geschliffen, ehe man zur Bearbeitung einer weiteren Stelle überging. Erscheint nach einer derartigen Bearbeitung die geschliffene Stelle als matt, wird die Schleifleistung als gut angesehen.The grinding performance of the abrasive tool thus produced was determined on 30mm discs with an eccentric grinder. The abrasive surface of the abrasive tool was moistened with a hand sprayer as described above. On a scratch-resistant ceramic varnish (PPG 9000) was sanded with the grinding tool for 5 s in the same place before proceeding to the processing of another place. Appears after such editing the ground point as dull, the grinding performance is considered good.
In Fig. 3 ist das Ergebnis eines derartigen Tests mit dem Schleifwerkzeug gemäss Beispiel 1 über einen Zeitraum von 20 Minuten gezeigt. Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug war es möglich, auf diese Weise weit über 100 Stellen mit sehr gutem Schleifergebnis zu bearbeiten. Nach 20 Minuten aufsummierter Kontaktzeit zwischen Schleifwerkzeug und bearbeiteter Oberfläche wurde der Versuch beendet, ohne dass das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug zu diesem Zeitpunkt bereits verbraucht gewesen wäre. Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug hatte somit eine Standzeit von mehr als 20 MinutenIn Fig. 3, the result of such a test is shown with the grinding tool according to Example 1 over a period of 20 minutes. With the inventive grinding tool, it was possible to work in this way well over 100 sites with very good grinding result. After 20 minutes accumulated contact time between grinding tool and machined surface of the experiment was terminated without the inventive grinding tool would have been already consumed at this time. The inventive grinding tool thus had a service life of more than 20 minutes
Zum Vergleich wurde die die gleiche Schleifbehandlung mit verschiedenen herkömmlichen Schleifwerkzeugen unterschiedlicher Beschaffenheit durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse sind in Fig. 4 gezeigt.For comparison, the same abrasive treatment was performed on various conventional abrasive tools of various types. The results are shown in FIG.
Bei den Vergleichsbeispielen 1 und 5 handelt es sich um verschiedene Schleifwerkzeuge mit Korund als Schleifkorn auf einem Papiersubstrat (Vergleichsbeispiel 1: Norton A975 (P400) der Firma Norton; Vergleichsbeispiel 5: siamic1990 (P1000) der firma sia abrasives). Bei den Vergleichsbeispielen 2 und 3 handelte es sich um Schleifwerkzeuge mit einer dem erfindungsgemässen Schleifwerkzeug entsprechenden Unterlage, aber mit Korund beziehungsweise Siliciumcarbid als Schleifkorn (Vergleichsbeispiel 2: Abralon (K1000) der Firma Mirka mit Siliciumcarbid als Schleifkorn; Vergleichsbeispiel 3: siaair velvet (K1000) mit Korund als Schleifkorn der Firma sia abrasives). Vergleichsbeispiel 4 war ein Schleifwerkzeug mit Korund als Schleifkorn auf einer Unterlage aus non-woven fabric (siavlies (K6000) der Firma sia abrasives).Comparative Examples 1 and 5 are various abrasive tools with corundum as an abrasive grain on a paper substrate (Comparative Example 1: Norton A975 (P400) from Norton; Comparative Example 5: siamic1990 (P1000) from the company sia abrasives). Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were grinding tools with a base corresponding to the grinding tool according to the invention, but with corundum or silicon carbide as abrasive grain (Comparative Example 2: Abralon (K1000) from Mirka with silicon carbide as abrasive grain Comparative Example 3: siaair velvet (K1000) with corundum as abrasive grain from the company sia abrasives). Comparative Example 4 was a grinding tool with corundum as abrasive grain on a base made of non-woven fabric (siavlies (K6000) from sia abrasives).
Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich liess die Schleifleistung der Vergleichsbeispiele bereits nach wenigen Punkten nach. Bei keinem der Vergleichsbeispiele war nach der Bearbeitung von mehr als 3 Punkten eine durchgehende Mattierung (und damit gute Schleifleistung) der bearbeiteten Stellen mehr erkennbar. Die entsprechenden Schleifwerkzeuge waren somit deutlich schneller verbraucht als das erfindungsgemässe Schleifwerkzeug.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the grinding performance of the comparative examples was already after a few points. In none of the comparative examples was after processing more than 3 points a continuous matting (and thus good grinding performance) of the machined points more recognizable. The corresponding grinding tools were thus consumed much faster than the inventive grinding tool.
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10181613A EP2305426A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
ES06120537T ES2355515T3 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | ABRASIVE TOOL. |
EP06120537A EP1795303B1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
US11/567,789 US20070128989A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-07 | Novel Grinding Tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05111767A EP1797995B1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2005-12-07 | Abrasive tool |
EP06120537A EP1795303B1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10161715.7 Division-Into | 2010-05-03 | ||
EP10181613.0 Division-Into | 2010-09-29 |
Publications (2)
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EP1795303A1 true EP1795303A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
EP1795303B1 EP1795303B1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
Family
ID=38009609
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06120537A Revoked EP1795303B1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
EP10181613A Withdrawn EP2305426A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10181613A Withdrawn EP2305426A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-09-12 | Abrasive tool |
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US (1) | US20070128989A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1795303B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
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KR100788295B1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2007-12-27 | 주움텍스타일 주식회사 | Abrasive backing and abrasive cloth |
US8206511B2 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2012-06-26 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Daily cleaner with slip-resistant and gloss-enhancing properties |
US9920281B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2018-03-20 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Soil resistant surface treatment |
FR2954723B1 (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-04-20 | Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc | ABRASIVE ARTICLE COMPRISING A HOLLOW SPACE BETWEEN ITS FRONT AND REAR FACES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE |
ITCR20100033A1 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-06 | Paolo Corazzi Fibre Srl | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A MICROFORATED ABRASIVE DISC |
MX340925B (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2016-08-01 | Saint Gobain Abrasifs Sa | Nonwoven composite abrasive comprising diamond abrasive particles. |
US8585829B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2013-11-19 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Soil resistant floor cleaner |
CN103930957B (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2016-10-26 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Solenoid and manufacture method thereof and insulating tape |
ES2428613B1 (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-10-06 | Prima Sitges S.L. | Manual tool for stone surface maintenance |
RU2731496C9 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-11-18 | Август Рюггеберг Гмбх & Ко. Кг | Method of making grinding tool and grinding tool |
CN108927720A (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2018-12-04 | 汇科智能装备(深圳)有限公司 | The electronic micro- removal device of one kind and application |
CN110712140B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-10-26 | 江苏佳威研磨科技有限公司 | High-effect double-sided grinding sand table |
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- 2006-09-12 EP EP06120537A patent/EP1795303B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2006-09-12 EP EP10181613A patent/EP2305426A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-07 US US11/567,789 patent/US20070128989A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2305426A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
EP1795303B1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
US20070128989A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
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