EP1795279B1 - Protective net, in particular for protection against rock falls or for securing a top layer of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The mesh has a set of helically curved wires (11 - 16) curved over or fitted with a set of loops (11a - 16a) at ends of the curved wires. The curved wires have an angle of twist (alpha) and a length (L) between two curves, where two adjacent wires are flexibly connected to each other in an area of the curves. A set of longitudinal reinforcement elements (31 - 35) is guided through a coupling area (A) of the helical wires and causes a set of rhomboidal meshes (17) to be divided into triangular meshes (17a, 17b).

Description

The invention relates to a protective braid, in particular for a rockfall protection or for securing an earth surface layer, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A protective braid of this kind, which can either be laid out on the surface of the earth or fastened in an approximately upright position on a slope or the like, is disclosed in US Pat EP-B-0 979 329 disclosed. The protective braid is braided from helically bent wires, such that diamond-shaped mesh formed and each two adjacent helical wires are held articulated to each other, so that the protective mesh can be collapsed and takes up less space for storage and transport than conventional wire nets , The protective braid is three-dimensional and has a thickness that is several times the wire thickness, thanks to the high tensile strength of the wires even in the stretched state, which when used as an embankment protection improved conditions for the consolidation of vegetation layers or for holding humus or sprayed layers created the covered ground.

Instead of individual helically bent wires can also helically bent wire strands, wire ropes or wire bundles to a protective braid, as shown in EP-B-0 979 329 known, braided (cf. EP Patent Application No. 05 740 963.3 ), whereby a protective braid with a particularly high strength is created.

The lattice construction according to the document WO-2004/088059 is due to its three-dimensional design suitable only for reinforcing mesh or floor mounting grid, but not for the application of the present application, namely as a rockfall protection or as a backup of the earth's surface layer. This known grid construction forms a zig-zag shape seen in cross-section, that is transversely to the bars, so that the desired three-dimensionality is given. Thus, this grid construction is not suitable; for example, to serve as a slope protection, as this would only line contact the ground. In this grid construction, the helically bent wires are frictionally and / or positively bent around the rods. This has the disadvantage that this lattice thus formed does not allow deformation and is therefore completely unsuitable for use as a slope protection or as a protective net, since these must be collapsible or rollable, otherwise they are not transportable in higher places. The production of such a grid construction is extremely expensive. However, this inevitably arises because it is precisely this permanent zig-zag shape that wishes to be generated.

In the publication GB-A-410.748 describes a grid for the cultivation of plants, in which helical wires are used. Over a limited range, wires are then threaded into these helical wires at the cross-points by formation of threaded connections. End these wires are attached to a outside forming a frame wire. But this wire mesh is not articulated.

The present invention has for its object to further improve a protective braid of the type mentioned and to further increase its power capacity.

This object is achieved by a protective braid having the features of claim 1.

Further preferred embodiments of the protective mesh according to the invention form the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, in at least some of the intertwined wire or wire element pairs through the articulation region of the two helical wires or wire elements, ie by the intersecting bends thereof, a substantially straight elongated reinforcing element is guided, through which the diamond-shaped or quadrangular meshes in triangular Maschen are divided and with which the two wires or wire elements are in articulated connection. The reinforcing elements largely reduce deformations and deformations in the Anlenkungsbereiche A of the adjacent wire or wire element pairs (up to 60% compared to those from EP-B-0 979 329 known protective braids) and ensure that the Umbiegeradius the helical wires or wire elements in the contact area is largely largely observed. In these crucial power transmission areas of the protective braid now take place instead of two three wires or wire elements to each other, whereby the power capacity of the protective braid is significantly increased. Experiments have shown that the breaking load in the main direction (longitudinal stretching direction) can be increased by up to 30%, but of course the breaking force in the transverse direction can be decisively increased.

The inventive protective braid also has an increased lateral stiffness, which can be influenced by the choice of reinforcing elements.

In addition, the diamond-shaped mesh compared to the braid after the EP-B-0 979 329 be increased because the reinforcing elements ensure that the mesh size is not too large. As a result, the production cost can be significantly reduced (by about 50%).

According to the invention not only new, improved protective braids can be produced with less effort, but also existing braid structures can be retrofitted with the reinforcing elements. This retrofitting can fulfill three purposes: reduction of the deformations, increase of the breaking load and / or reduction of the mesh size.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Drahtgeflechtes in Draufsicht;

Fig. 2

in perspektivischer Darstellung schematisch ein erfindungsgemässes Drahtgeflecht als Böschungssicherung an einem Abhang; und

Fig.3

einen Querschnitt durch einen Teil des Drahtgeflechtes nach Fig.1.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

an embodiment of an inventive wire mesh in plan view;

Fig. 2

in perspective view schematically a wire mesh according to the invention as slope protection on a slope; and

Figure 3

a cross section through a portion of the wire mesh after Fig.1 ,

Fig.1 shows a protective braid 10 (or a part of such a protective braid) in particular for a rockfall protection or for securing an earth surface layer, which is braided from helically bent wires 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. The helically bent wires have a pitch angle α (preferably 25 ° to 35 °) and a length L between two bends. There are two adjacent wires 11, 12; 12, 13; 13, 14, etc. kept hinged to one another in the region of their bends. The articulation area, ie the area where the bends of two adjacent wires 11, 12; 12, 13; 13, 14, etc., is in Fig. 1 denoted by A. Through the wires 11 to 16 a diagonal mesh with diamond-shaped mesh 17 is formed.

The wires 11 to 16 are bent at their ends or provided with loops 11 a, 12 a, 13 a, 14 a, 15 a, 16 a and connected in pairs by these with each other. It could also be a node, i. E. around the loops could be wound several loops.

The protective braid 10 is biased by cables 21 in its longitudinal extent and set at regular intervals soil and rock nails with attached, prestressed fasteners 20 to train, as well as in Fig. 2 is shown. Preferably, in the at the top and bottom of the braid 10 located, helically bent edge wire 11 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) per a wire or a rope 21 running in, which in turn is stretched by the fasteners 20 on the ground or the like. In principle, however, the fastening elements 20 could also directly hold the edge wire loops 11 '. As fasteners 20 are known per se soil or rock nails needed, which are preferably distributed at regular intervals. The protective braid 10 is biased by the ropes 21 in its longitudinal extension to train.

According to the invention, at least some of the intertwined wire pairs 11, 12; 12, 13; 13, 14, etc. by the articulation area A of the two helical wires, ie by the intersecting bends of the same, elongated, substantially rectilinear reinforcing elements 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 out, such that the two helical wires with the corresponding Reinforcing element are in articulated connection and their diamond-shaped meshes 17 are divided into triangular meshes 17a, 17b (the mesh shape may have, for example, isosceles or equilateral triangular shape). In the illustrated embodiment, all wire pairs with the reinforcing elements 31 to 35, which are at regular intervals from each other. But it could also reinforcing elements only every second or every third (and so on) wire pair assigned and unevenly spaced from each other. This has the advantage that the breaking load and above all the deformation capacity can be controlled as desired. Likewise, it is possible to obtain different braid thicknesses under tension, whereby, for example, for architectural applications, a certain visual appearance can be achieved.

The reinforcing elements 31 to 35, which are formed by a wire in the illustrated embodiment, extend transversely to the direction of elongation and are at least at one end arcuate or provided with a loop 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a, 35a or a node, said lateral end elements either with the corresponding end elements 11a, 12a; 13a, 14a; 15a, 16a of the wire pairs or are hinged to corresponding edge stitches. The end connection on both sides, however, prevents the protective braid can be pushed together.

Like from the Figure 3 can be seen, the wire mesh 10 has a thickness 10 ', which is a multiple, preferably between 3 and 10 times the wire thickness. Even under tensile load, the thickness and consequently this mattress-like structure of the wire mesh is approximately maintained thanks to this design, which makes a great difference to other braids, which lose their original thickness majority under train. But this is also a simple insertion of the reinforcing elements allows 31 to 35 in this formed by two wires intersecting bends.

By virtue of the articulated connection of the adjacent wire pairs with one another and with the respective reinforcing element both in the articulation areas A and in the end areas, the protective braid 10 according to the invention can in turn be collapsed or rolled up without difficulty for storage and transport, suitable loops or knot formations at wire ends snagging while rolling can be largely prevented.

The inventive protective braid 10 could instead of individual, helically bent wires and wire elements comprising several wires such as wire strands, wire cables, wire bundles o.ä. be braided. The reinforcing elements 31 to 35 could consist of several wires and the like as wire strands, wire cables, wire bundles or similar. be educated. Also possible are rod-shaped reinforcing elements of preferably round cross-section, or tubular (or tube-like, closed and / or partially closed) reinforcing elements, which allow passage of cables or other elements. For the latter purpose also rod-shaped reinforcing elements of a semicircular, triangular or similar cross-section come with a recess for the cable in question.

In the braid according to the invention, the reinforcing elements largely reduce deformations and deformations in the Anlenkungsbereiche A of the adjacent wire or wire element pairs (up to 60% compared to those from EP-B-0 979 329 known protective braids) and ensure that the Umbiegeradius the helical wires or wire elements in the contact area is maintained even under heavy load. In these crucial power transmission areas of the protective braid instead of two now meet three wires or wire elements on each other, whereby the power capacity of the protective braid is significantly increased. Experiments have shown that the breaking load in the main direction (longitudinal stretching direction) can be increased by up to 30%.

The protective braid according to the invention also has an increased lateral (transversely acting) stiffness, which can be influenced by the choice of reinforcing elements.

In addition, the diamond-shaped mesh compared to the braid after the EP-B-0 979 329 be increased because the reinforcing elements ensure that the mesh size is not too large. As a result, the production cost can be significantly reduced (by about 50%).

Both the protective braid forming, helically bent wires or wire elements and the straight reinforcing elements are made of steel and are usually various types of corrosion protection (Zn, Zn-Al coated, stainless steels, plasticized, etc.). Preferably, the helically bent wires or wire elements (wire strands, wire cables or wire bundles) and / or the straight reinforcing elements consist at least partially of a high-strength steel having a nominal strength of between 1,000 and 3,000 N / mm ² (DIN standard 2078), which may also be spring steel wires according to DIN standard 17223.

However, thanks to the substantially increased power capacity, the protective braid can also consist at least partially of a steel with a lower strength. It is particularly advantageous to combine helically bent wires or wire elements of a high-strength steel with reinforcing elements made of a steel with a lower strength, wherein the incorporation of the latter by their permanent deformation a terrain adaptation or "Anschmiegung" can be made to the terrain surface and thus to the terrain bumps. It is also possible, by targeted local pre-deformation of these wire elements to further enhance the deformation reduction.

According to the invention not only new, improved protective braids can be produced with less effort, but also existing braid structures can be retrofitted with the reinforcing elements. This retrofitting can fulfill three purposes: reduction of the deformations, increase of the breaking load and / or reduction of the mesh size.

Claims (11)

1. Protective mesh, in particular for rockfall protection structures or to stabilise a layer of earth, which is woven from helically curved wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or helically-curved wire elements, like wire strands, wire cables or wire bundles, consisting of several wires, such that rhomboidal meshes (17) are formed and in each case two adjacent helical wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements are flexibly held together, and the protective mesh has a thickness which amounts to a multiple of the thickness of the wire or wire element, characterised in that
   in at least some of the pairs of wires or wire elements (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) an essentially straight longitudinal reinforcement element (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) is guided through the coupling area (A) of the two helical wires or wire elements, that means through the intersecting curves thereof, causing the rhomboidal meshes (17) to be divided into triangular meshes (17a, 17b) and with which the two wires or wire elements are in flexible connection, that the wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements at their ends and the reinforcement elements (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) at least at one end are curved over or fitted with loops (11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 16a) or knots, whereby the helical wires or wire elements which are woven together in pairs are flexibly connected to each other via these end elements, whereby the protective mesh is foldable and rollable up for the storage or the transport due to the jointed connection of the adjacent wire pairs with each other and with the respective reinforcement element both in the connection areas (A) as well as in the end areas.
2. Protective mesh according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcement element (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) is designed as a single wire, as two or more wires, a wire strand, a wire cable or a wire bundle.
3. Protective mesh according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcement element (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) is designed as a rod or a tube with a round cross-section.
4. Protective mesh according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcement element (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) is designed as a rod with a semi-circular cross-section and with a recess to hold cables or other elements.
5. Protective mesh according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that both the wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements as well as the reinforcement elements (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) are made from steel and are corrosion-protected.
6. Protective mesh according to claim 5, characterised in that the wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements and/or the reinforcement elements (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) consists at least in part of heavy duty steel.
7. Protective mesh according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements consist at least in part of a heavy duty steel and the reinforcement elements (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) consist of a steel with a lower tensile strength.
8. Protective mesh according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the reinforcement elements (31, 32, 33, 34, 35) are disposed at regular or irregular distances from each other and are assigned to each of the wire or wire element pairs held flexibly together or to every second or every third wire or wire element pair.
9. Protective mesh according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the wires (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) or wire elements are curved over or fitted with loops (11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 16a) or knots at their ends.
10. Protective mesh according to claim 9, characterised in that these end elements are provided with corresponding selvedge loops.
11. Slope stabiliser (40) with a protective mesh according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the slope stabiliser (40) has the protective mesh (10), fixing elements (20) which can be sunk into the ground, with claw plates or similar pressing the protective mesh onto the soil surface and, at least on the upper side, has a cable (21) holding and stretching the protective mesh.

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