EP1794542A1 - Appareil geodesique - Google Patents

Appareil geodesique

Info

Publication number
EP1794542A1
EP1794542A1 EP05791476A EP05791476A EP1794542A1 EP 1794542 A1 EP1794542 A1 EP 1794542A1 EP 05791476 A EP05791476 A EP 05791476A EP 05791476 A EP05791476 A EP 05791476A EP 1794542 A1 EP1794542 A1 EP 1794542A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
geodetic
geodetic device
mirror
tachymeter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05791476A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Fuhrland
Michael Fuhrland
Jörg Herrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200410046974 external-priority patent/DE102004046974B3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1794542A1 publication Critical patent/EP1794542A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a geodetic device which is used in conjunction with a tachymeter for determining coordinates of a target point, when the view between the total station and the target point is not given.
  • Devices for tracking a target used as a reflector for geodä ⁇ tables devices, especially for total stations, which are able to track a located in the field of view of the telescope of a geodetic device reflector. A search outside the field of view is thus possible only to a very limited extent.
  • An apparatus for aiming a tachymeter from a reflector standpoint is known from DD 156,029.
  • the reflector By transmitting the corresponding angle from the reflector location via radio to the base station, in which the tachymeter is located, and adjusting the complementary angle on the tachymeter, the reflector can then be found.
  • this device is technically very complex, so that already a targeting method for theodolites has become known, in which after a visual targeting of the target station with the theodolites, the actual angle measurement takes place by transmitting an active target beam from the theodolite and from an active receiver the destination station is received.
  • This Anzielver ⁇ drive is very complex and only limited use.
  • a disadvantage of the proposed solution is that this can only be applied if an unobstructed view between the total station and the target point is given, that is, a direct visual contact is given. However, this solution can not be used ein ⁇ if this visual contact is not given.
  • the z. B. is realized by a triple prism.
  • the determination of the target point coordinates via a passive excursion is not possible.
  • the eccentric is used to trigger the distance measurement and for the measurement of the horizontal direction is approximately "turned off" to the target point.
  • the triple prism must be placed by eye so that the distance between triple prism and tachymeter of the distance between tachymeter and destination point, which is also very expensive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a geodetic device, with the use of a tachymeter, a distance measurement around the "corner" for Be ⁇ determination of coordinates of a target point is possible, and with the disadvantages of the known solutions are largely eliminated.
  • the geodetic device created according to the invention is formed with an orthogonal mirror, which consists of two plane mirrors, which are arranged at an angle of 45 ° and mounted in the housing of the geodetic device.
  • the housing of the geodetic device is further formed with a targeting device and in its interior a standing-axis marking is provided, which serves for sighting by the tachymeter and allows control of the orientation of the orthogonal mirror, which is particularly advantageous in that only with the correct alignment
  • the sighting / aiming device belonging to the orthogonal mirror is arranged on the housing of the geodesic device and consists of a diopter and a pentaprism or, in another embodiment, two diopters which form a 90 ° angle to one another in a crossed position on which Housing the geodetic device are arranged.
  • the sighting / aiming device can also be formed by twice the sight and grain or consists of a cross-thread sight (Groma).
  • the invention also includes that an adapter is provided on the housing of the geodetic device, by means of which this device can be attached to a geodetic tripod or, in a preferred embodiment, to a tachymeter rod. It is also part of the invention that the geodetic device is made ⁇ forms with a reflective mark, which is preferably provided on the housing or on the adapter of the geodetic device.
  • the plane mirrors provided in the housing are accommodated in a respective mirror mount, which in turn are fixedly connected to the base plate of the device or are arranged on a support plate, which in turn is firmly connected to the housing of the device.
  • a respective mirror mount which in turn are fixedly connected to the base plate of the device or are arranged on a support plate, which in turn is firmly connected to the housing of the device.
  • the position, the position of the plane mirror can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.
  • the two plane mirrors are arranged by the orthogonal mirror between two support plates, which are oscillatingly mounted in the housing of the geodetic device.
  • the support plates are also connected to each other by means of pendulum suspension, wherein the pendulum suspension takes place so that no obstructions in the function of the orthogonal mirror and the geodesic device occur, not even with the arrangement of a standing-axis marking. Even with this embodiment of the mounting and positioning of the plane mirrors, it is precluded that the radiation inputs and outputs to or from the plane mirrors are interrupted or disturbed.
  • the plane mirror of the orthogonal mirror can be made variable in size and shape, whereby an optimal adaptation to different An ⁇ use cases is given. It is particularly advantageous that the plane mirrors of the orthogonal mirror consist of two surface-sealed separate glass carriers, optically effective entry and exit surfaces are absent, thus eliminating reflection and refraction of incident light rays at the interfaces, which thus do not constitute sources of error for the measurement represent more. Likewise, costly antireflective coatings of the interfaces are eliminated, the refractive index of the glass no longer plays any role in the presented orthogonal mirror, since the optical and geometric light paths are identical in the orthogonal mirror.
  • a geodetic device produced according to the invention is substantially lighter in weight compared to known solutions, and thus is easier to install in optical systems even with a large aperture. Possibly occurring damage to the plane mirrors are easy to fix and low cost, since the aus ⁇ exchanged plane mirror or removed without much effort from the housing of the geodesic device and can be re-used.
  • a geodetic device with targeting device consisting of pentaprism and rear sight, mounted on a tachymeter rod,
  • FIG. 2 a geodetic device with a target device consisting of two diopters, mounted on a tachymeter rod,
  • FIG. 3 a geodetic device with targeting device and pendulum suspension of the plane mirror, mounted on a tripod,
  • FIG. 4 a geodetic device according to FIG. 3, mounted on a tachymeter rod,
  • FIG. 5 the arrangement of total station and geodetic device for determining the coordinates of a target point obscured by a visual obstruction
  • FIG. 6 shows the beam path (s) in the orthogonal mirror in a principal manner
  • the geodetic device 1 consists of a housing 2 in which the two plane mirrors 3 of the orthogonal mirror are arranged.
  • the plane mirrors 3 are used in mirror frames 4, wherein the mirror frames 4 are attached to the housing base plate 5.
  • the plane mirrors 3 themselves are arranged in their mirror frames 4 so that they can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.
  • the possibility is given to connect the mirror frames 4 with the plane mirrors 3 mounted therein with a carrier plate and this is then attached to the housing base plate 5.
  • a standing-axis marking 9 is provided, which is arranged in the housing 2 in such a way that its axis coincides with the standing axis 15 of the geodetic device 1.
  • the reflective mark 6 can be formed by a reflective foil which is arranged on the outer circumference of the housing 2.
  • the aiming device 10 of the geodetic device 1 is vorge see, which, as shown in Figure 1, consists of a pentaprism 11 and a rear sight 12, or as shown in Figure 2, consists of two diopter 12.
  • the two rear sights 12 are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the housing 2, whose vision beams 13 coincide with those in the direction of the incoming or outgoing aiming beams 14 to or from the orthogonal mirror, as shown in FIG.
  • the arrangement of these targeting devices 10, whether consisting of a pentaprism 11 and a diopter 12 or of two diopters 12, is advantageous in particular for positioning the geodetic device 1 relative to the tachymeter and serves to aim the tachymeter through the geodetic device 1.
  • the aiming device 10 can also be formed from twice the sight and grain or a cross-eyed yarn (groma).
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a geodetic device 1 which is arranged on a stand 16 or on a tachymeter rod 23.
  • connection of the two support plates 17; 18, the upper support plate 17 and the lower support plate 18, also takes place via a pendulum suspension 19, for example, designed as cruciate ligaments, so that it is ensured that the plane mirror 3 of the orthogonal mirror are always aligned vertically during the measuring operations.
  • an adapter 20 which may be equipped with a reflector 21 or a triple prism 22
  • this in an alternative form by either a reflector 21 in the form of a target or reflective mark or a triple prism 22 are used.
  • the geodetic device 1 is arranged on a tachymeter rod 23, as shown in FIG. 4, the arrangement of a reflector 21 is not absolutely necessary, since such known tachymeter rods 23 are largely equipped with triper prisms 22.
  • FIG. 5 An application of the geodetic device 1 for determining coordinates of a target point, which can not be viewed by a visual obstacle from the tachymeter's point of view, is shown in FIG. 5, which shows that an eccentric is created for the geodetic determination of the target point the geodetic device 1 is positioned. Since direct targeting of the target point with the tachymeter from the tachymeter position point is not possible, the measurement of the oblique distance is now carried out by tachymeter via the geodetic device 1 indirectly to the target point.
  • the tachymeter point of view in the measurement area is chosen such that there is visual contact with the coordinate points of known orientation points and as many destination points as possible.
  • the coordinates of the tachymeter standpoint, its x, y position and its height, are known or they are determined according to the method of free stationing by measuring horizontal direction, vertical angle and oblique distance at least at two landmarks in the terrain.
  • the orientation of the tachymeter in the coordinate system is determined either by free stationing or, in the case of known station coordinates, by measuring the horizontal direction to at least one known landmark. After the orientation, the horizontal zero direction of the tachymeter is parallel to the abscissa axis of the position coordinate system.
  • the height of the tilting axis of the telescope is determined either by measuring the height difference dH between the viewpoint and the tilting axis with known length scales or by measuring the oblique distance S and the vertical angle V to a reference point of known height. If there is no obstruction between the tacheometer standpoint and the target point, the coordinates of the target point could now be determined in each case by measuring the horizontal direction, vertical angle and oblique distance. This is not possible in the given case due to the existing visual obstruction, so that it was previously necessary that the tachymeter had to be repositioned in his position, which is very time consuming, especially if it must be done several times.
  • the method for determining the coordinates of the target point is substantially simplified and achieved in a shorter time by the formation of a passive eccentric and the geodetic device 1 to be positioned in the eccentric.
  • the geodetic device 1 is positioned so that the target line sl, which according to the nature of the geodesic device 1, is always at right angles to the target line s2, thus hits the target point.
  • the tachymeter sights the standing axis marking 9 of the geodetic device 1 and also measures the horizontal direction from the tachymeter to the geodetic device 1. Furthermore, vertical angle and oblique distance s from the tachymeter to the target point measured.
  • the vertical angle dH difference between the tilt axis of the tachymeter and the target point and a horizontal distance d are calculated from the oblique distance ofhabn ⁇ , which the sum of the horizontal sections sl, s2 and s3 erge ben.
  • the horizontal distance s2 is now determined by measuring the skew distance and vertical angle.
  • the coordinates x, y of the geodetic device 1 are calculated using the formulas of the plane trigonometry. By subtracting s2 and s3 from the total distance, one obtains the measure for the distance sl and likewise the coordinates x, y of the destination point can be calculated trigonometrically.
  • the height of the target point is determined by adding the height difference dH between the tilting axis and the target point to the height of the tachymetric tipping axis.
  • a light beam / aiming beam emanating from the tachymeter passes through the standing axis 15 of the geodetic device 1 and hits the plane mirror 3, is deflected there, strikes the plane mirror 3 ', is deflected again and hits the standing axis 15 Laser on the target point to be determined.
  • a right-angled beam triangle a, b, c is formed by the aiming beam 14, the laser 16.
  • This right-angled triangle determined by the course of the laser beam, is shown with side indications a ', b', c '. Due to the arrangement of the plane mirror 3; 3 'in the orthogonal mirror eliminates the measurement of Zielstrahlausschung in the eccentric, since the orthogonal mirror predetermines the angle of 90 °.
  • the arrangement of the plane mirror 3 in the housing 2 of the geodetic device 1 ensures that the plane mirror 3 are always perpendicular, even if the Tachymeter- rod 8 or a tripod 16 on which the geodetic device 1 is mounted, are not aligned exactly perpendicular or not kept quiet. A misalignment of any known measuring device would severely affect their accuracy, which is prevented by the storage and positioning of the plane mirror 3.
  • the geodetic device 1 created, the possibilities are given of determining the coordinates of a target point both reflectorless and via reflectors. When using a reflector in the eccentric, the target rays are reflected in the range of visible and / or infrared and / or ultraviolet light.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil géodésique, mis en relation avec un tachéomètre pour déterminer des coordonnées d'un point cible lorsque que la vue entre le tachéomètre et un point cible est inexistante. Cet appareil géodésique (1) comprend un boîtier (2) dans lequel sont disposés les deux miroirs plans (3) d'un miroir orthogonal. Dans le boîtier (2) de l'appareil géodésique (1) se trouve également un repère d'axe vertical (9) placé de manière que son axe corresponde à l'axe vertical (15) de l'appareil géodésique (1). Ledit appareil géodésique comporte sur son boîtier (2) des adaptateurs pour le fixer à une barre de tachéomètre (8) ou bien à un pied (16). Le positionnement de l'appareil géodésique (1) est réalisé dans un excentrique, en liaison avec un tachéomètre, de sorte que les coordonnées d'un point cible peuvent être déterminées lorsque la vue entre le tachéomètre et le point cible est inexistante.
EP05791476A 2004-09-28 2005-09-23 Appareil geodesique Withdrawn EP1794542A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410046974 DE102004046974B3 (de) 2004-09-28 2004-09-28 Vorrichtung für ein Geodätisches Gerät
DE200510043663 DE102005043663A1 (de) 2004-09-28 2005-09-14 Geodätisches Gerät
PCT/DE2005/001683 WO2006034685A1 (fr) 2004-09-28 2005-09-23 Appareil geodesique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1794542A1 true EP1794542A1 (fr) 2007-06-13

Family

ID=35601912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05791476A Withdrawn EP1794542A1 (fr) 2004-09-28 2005-09-23 Appareil geodesique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1794542A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005043663A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006034685A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2453810C1 (ru) * 2011-10-17 2012-06-20 Алексей Вячеславович Бытьев Способ слежения за подвижным объектом
US11709230B2 (en) 2017-10-12 2023-07-25 John Matthews Geodesic system and method of use

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59187215A (ja) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-24 Pasuko:Kk 角度距離測定器
JP3182646B2 (ja) * 1997-09-19 2001-07-03 旭精密株式会社 直角視準可能なレベル及びレベル用アダプタ

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006034685A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005043663A1 (de) 2007-03-15
DE112005003066A5 (de) 2007-09-13
WO2006034685A1 (fr) 2006-04-06
WO2006034685A8 (fr) 2006-06-08

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