Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
  • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
  • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
  • F42B12/12—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge rotatably mounted with respect to missile housing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
  • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
  • B63C11/34—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base
  • B63C11/36—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type
  • B63C11/42—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type with independent propulsion or direction control
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
  • F42B19/005—Nose caps for torpedoes; Coupling torpedo-case parts together

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of devices for the destruction of underwater objects that may present a danger to navigation, for example mines.
• bottom mines that sit at the bottom of the water
• mines that are held by a cable called “orin” to a pig Destruction of underground mines is carried out by depositing an explosive charge called “military charge” in the immediate vicinity of the submarine object and explosion. This way of operating requires identifying the mine and then bringing the military load nearby and finally causing the explosion, as opposed to the minesweeping that usually uses magnetoacoustic and / or mechanical means to trigger the mines or cut their orch.
• the known methods for destroying a submarine background mine comprise a step of detecting and / or identifying the mine and a step of destroying the mine by means of a large explosive charge, for example from the order of 50 to 100 kg, deposited at a distance of a few meters from the mine to be destroyed, by means of a submarine vehicle, generally remote controlled.
• a large explosive charge for example from the order of 50 to 100 kg, deposited at a distance of a few meters from the mine to be destroyed, by means of a submarine vehicle, generally remote controlled.
• the mine is destroyed by causing an explosion of the charge, the shock wave of which causes the explosion of the mine by influence.
• the rifle mines are destroyed by a similar method of detection and / or identification which is followed by a step of hanging on the orin a pyrotechnic shear that is set up by means of a remote-controlled submarine vehicle or guided.
• WO 01/38169 discloses a submersible mine neutralization vehicle, comprising a first portion provided with a propulsion unit and a second pivoting part with respect to the first and comprising a military load and at least one underwater object detection sensor so that the military load and the sensor are oriented similarly with respect to an underwater object.
• the military load is correctly positioned in relation to the underwater object as soon as it is marked, thus improving its efficiency.
• the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
• the invention proposes a submarine object destruction vehicle that is not very sensitive to the pivoting of the second part.
• the invention proposes a consumable vehicle for destruction of underwater objects, suitable for safer and more reliable destruction.
• the device is intended for the destruction of floating underwater objects.
• the device comprises a first portion provided prop ⁇ ulsion means and a second portion being pivotable relative to the first part along at least one axis, so that the device can approach an underwater object in different orientations.
• the device comprises at least one protective fairing of the second part.
• the fairing is permeable to water.
• the fairing may be a hull resistant to hydrostatic pressure, integral with the first part or the second part.
• the second part surrounded by the fairing can rotate, the hydrodynamics of the device being retained.
• the characteristics of Gear mobility is maintained, resulting in easier steering, quicker shooting, more reliable operation, and higher destruction success rate.
• Any sensors projecting from the second part arranged inside the fairing can pivot by causing only a marginal or no change in the water resistance.
• the device comprises means for pivoting the second part relative to the first part, the pivoting means being provided with at least one motor.
• the pivot axis is transverse.
• the pivot axis is longitudinal.
• the pivot axis is vertical.
• the fairing is substantially acoustically transparent.
• the fairing is substantially optically transparent.
• the fairing can be made of plexiglas® for example.
• the fairing is fixed on the first part to improve the hydrodynamics in all the navigation phases and to protect the second part against debris likely to be encountered.
• the fairing can be fixed at the front of the first part.
• the fairing can be fixed at substantially the center of the first part.
• the fairing may be in the form of a sphere or cylinder portion or a combination of both connecting to a cylindrical body of the first portion.
• the fairing is fixed on the second part.
• the fairing has a hydrodynamically isotropic shape.
• the shroud nears a symmetry of revolution with respect to the pivot axis.
• the second part comprises at least one submarine object observation means, for example a camera. In one embodiment of the invention, the second part comprises at least one means for identifying underwater objects.
• the second part comprises at least one means for locating an underwater object, for example a sonar. In one embodiment of the invention, the second part comprises at least one means for estimating the distance relative to said underwater object.
• the second part comprises at least one submarine object classification means. In one embodiment of the invention, the second part comprises at least one driving means.
• the vehicle can be deployed from a surface vessel, but also from an aircraft.
• a relay on the surface of the water makes it possible to transform the acoustic signals emitted by the submarine vehicle into radio or optical or electrical signals, for sending them to the aircraft.
• the military charge will generally be a hollow charge whose explosion produces a main effect along an axis, hence the importance of positioning with respect to the submarine object to destroy, especially since each type of mine has more sensitive or fragile areas than others to an external explosion.
• the pivoting of the tilting part with a destruction load and at least one sensor does not substantially modify the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle, which is easier to pilot, remotely or automatically manual.
• FIG 1 is a side elevational view of a submarine vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a top view in elevation of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic front view of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a submarine vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 5 is a top view in elevation of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 4;
• FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic front view of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 4;
• FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of an underwater vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIG 8 is a top view in elevation of the underwater vehicle of Figure 7;
• FIG 9 is a schematic front view of the underwater vehicle of Figure 7;
• FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of an underwater vehicle according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 11 is a top view in elevation of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 7; and FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic front view of the underwater vehicle of FIG. 7.
• the underwater vehicle comprises a front body 1 of generally cylindrical shape, and having a front end of generally hemispherical shape, a rear body 2, of generally cylindrical shape, and provided with a truncated ogival-shaped rear end 2a, a fairing 3 disposed between the front and rear bodies 2, in the general shape of a sphere truncated by two parallel planes equidistant from the center of said sphere and connecting to the front and rear bodies 1 2 by generally toroidal connecting fillet, and a pivoting portion 4 disposed in the fairing 3 about a longitudinal axis X of the underwater vehicle, the lateral axis being noted Y " and the axis of the depths or axis vertical being noted Z, according to the normal position of a machine in the water.
• the pivoting part 4 is supported by the front 1 and rear 2 bodies by means of touril lons, respectively 5 and 6.
• One of the two pins 5 or 6 is motori se, so that the rotation of the pivoting part 4 be ordered.
• the pivoting part 4 can pivot more or less 180 ° around the X axis.
• the front body 1 comprises a camera 7 disposed at the hemispherical end made of transparent material to allow automatic or remote control of the underwater vehicle.
• the front body 1 is also provided with a s onar 8 disposed on one side of the cylindrical portion of said front body 1.
• the rear body 2 is provided with a stabilizer 9 fixed at its truncated ogival end 2a, cruciform and ensuring the stability of the displacement of the underwater vehicle in the water.
• the empennage 9 is fixed relative to the rear body 2.
• the longitudinal propulsion of the underwater vehicle is provided by two longitudinal thrusters LO fixed on one side and the other of the rear body 2 in front of the empennage 9.
• the thrusters 10 are fixed relative to the rear body 2 and each comprise a cylindrical body 10a rounded at the ends provided with an electric motor and a faired propeller 10b driven by the electric motor of the body 10a and disposed between said body 10a and the empennage 9.
• the thrusters 10 provide the X-axis displacement and orientation of the underwater vehicle in a (X, Y) plane, and are symmetrical with respect to a (X, Z) plane.
• the rear body 2 supports two tilting panels 11, arranged at a short distance behind the thrusters 10, to be located in the stream of water stirred by said thrusters 10.
• the tilting panels 11 are also symmetrical with respect to the plane ( X, Z) and allow orientation of the underwater vehicle towards the surface or on the contrary towards the seabed.
• the tilting panels 11 form elevators and pivot about an axis parallel to the Y axis, by means of actuators (not shown) arranged in the rear body 2.
• the vertical thrusters 12 and 13 allow the vehicle under - Navy to move along the Z axis, even in the absence of displacement along the X axis.
• the vertical thrusters 12 and 13 are well adapted to ensure the fine positioning of the underwater vehicle near an object in front of be identified and / or destroyed.
• the pivoting part 4, disposed in the fairing 3, has a shape of revolution with a substantially hemispherical head 4a, see Figure 2, a substantially cylindrical central portion 4b, and a flat rear portion 4c and connected to the central portion 4b by leave connection. Thanks to the journals 5 and 6, the pivoting part 4 can move in rotation about the axis X.
• a camera 14 is disposed in the front part 4a and an explosive charge 15, hollow charge type, is arranged in the part 4b and provided to deliver the energy of the explosion to the front portion 4a of the pivoting portion 4.
• the camera 14 and the explosive charge 15 are oriented substantially coaxially towards the front of the pivoting portion 4.
• the observation by the camera 14 and the destruction of a suspect object can be made in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X of the underwater vehicle.
• the orientation in a transverse plane of the pivoting part 4 makes it possible to approach a suspect object from above, by orienting the pivoting part 4 downwards, from below, by orienting the pivoting part 4 upwards as illustrated on FIG. Figure 2, which may be interesting in the caine mine orin, or by the side by orienting the pivoting portion 4 on one side or the other of the underwater vehicle.
• all intermediate oblique orientations are possible.
• the fairing 3 is made of optically transparent material, so that the camera can observe an object which is in the vicinity of the underwater vehicle.
• the diameter of the fairing 3 may be greater than that of the rear body 2.
• the fairing 3 may be made of a transparent synthetic material, such as plexiglass, and is pierced with one or more holes 16 to allow its filling by the water when launching the submarine vehicle. It is thus possible to use a fairing 3 of small thickness, not very resistant to the pressure exerted by the water and by Therefore, low mass, inexpensive and do not interfere with optical observation or the effects of the explosion on the suspect object.
• the underwater vehicle is also provided with an acoustic sensor 17, for example a sonar, supported by the central portion 4b of the pivoting section 4. and the location of the suspect olDJet as well as the fine positioning of the underwater vehicle with respect to the suspect object, particularly in murky waters, for example loaded with sediments.
• the acoustic waves are transmitted by the water which is in the fairing 3, and by the fairing 3 made of acoustically transparent material.
• the embodiment illustrated in Figures 4 to 6 differs from the previous in that the underwater vehicle has no front body and sonar associated.
• the fairing 3 forms the front end of the underwater vehicle and is in the form of a truncated sphere on the rear side by a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X and connecting to the rear body 2 by a connecting fillet. toroidal general pattern.
• the pivoting portion 4 is pivotally mounted on the single pin 6 integral with the rear body 2.
• the camera 14 and the acoustic sensor 17 allow the underwater vehicle to locate and recognize a suspicious object.
• the camera 7 is attached to the front of the fairing 3 and is oriented forward to provide vision in the sense of navigation.
• the embodiment illustrated in Figures 7 to 9 is closer to the previous by the presence of the fairing 3, forming the front end of the underwater vehicle.
• the underwater vehicle comprises two arms 18 and 19 parallel to the longitudinal axis X, attached to the rear body 2 and extending partly along the rear body 2 and partly beyond the rear body 2 towards the rear body 2. before.
• the arms 18 and 19 are symmetrical by relative to the plane (X, Z) and each support at their free end a pin 20, 21 on which is articulated the pivoting portion 4.
• the pins 20, 21 are aligned along an axis parallel to the transverse axis Y.
• An actuator 22 housed in the arm 19 controls the pivoting position of the pivoting portion 4. It can be provided that the portion 4 pivots over an angle of at least plus or minus 90 °.
• the camera 14 can be used for viewing in the direction of navigation in the absence of a fixed camera.
• the fairing 3 has, seen from the front, a generally ellipsoidal shape having a height on the Z axis greater than its width on the Y axis and thus allowing the pivoting part 4 to have sufficient space inside said fairing 3.
• the portion of the arms 18 and 19 attached to the rear body 2 can also be covered by a fairing portion 23, 24, profiled shape, ensuring a lower resistance to the advancement in the water.
• the portion of the arms 18 and 19 projecting from the rear body 2 is disposed in the fairing 3.
• the pivoting part 4 can be directed towards the front of the vehicle, so as to detect any obstacles.
• the pivoting part 4 can scan the possible pivot range to increase the probability of detection of a suspicious object.
• the pivoting part 4 is then inclined to the desired angle providing the best probability of destruction according to the shape and characteristics of the suspect object.
• the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 12 differs from the previous one in that the fairing 3 is fixed integrally to the pivoting part 4 and the fixed part 2 has a connection with the fairing 3 by means of the arms 18 and 19 arranged laterally. of share and 3.
• the fairing 3 has a circular section in section along a plane parallel to the plane (X, Z) and pivots around the Y axis. The hydrodynamics is preserved during the rotation. In section along a plane passing through the pivot axis, the fairing 3 is of substantially ellipsoidal shape.
• the fairing 3 is resistant to pressure and thus free of holes.
• the pivoting part provided with at least one sensor is disposed inside a fairing so that the pivoting of said pivoting part does not modify the flow. water along its outer walls.
• the hydrodynamics of the underwater vehicle is independent of the orientation of the pivoting part 4. This ensures a precise and easier positioning, avoiding that the modification of inclination of an organ in protrusion, for example the acoustic sensor 17, does not modify the flow of water along the submarine vehicle and requires to restore the positio n of the underwater vehicle by an action on the vertical thrusters 12 and 13, on the longitudinal thrusters 10 on the tilting panels 11, or on the pivoting part 4 itself.
• the piloting of the underwater vehicle is thus made simpler and the destruction of the suspect object can be carried out more quickly, which results in a significant savings in the cost of operation, insofar as the ship or the aircraft having dropped the underwater vehicle for the purpose of destroying the suspect object, it usually remains near the area where the suspect object is located until it is destroyed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-09-29 WO PCT/FR2004/002466 patent/WO2006035121A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2004-09-29 EP EP04805232.8A patent/EP1794049B2/de active Active
  • 2004-09-29 DE DE200460027765 patent/DE602004027765D1/de active Active
  • 2004-09-29 US US11/664,310 patent/US7752990B2/en active Active
  • 2004-09-29 PL PL04805232T patent/PL1794049T5/pl unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-04-26 NO NO20072156A patent/NO339860B1/no unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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