Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
  • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
  • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
  • D06M11/59—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with ammonia; with complexes of organic amines with inorganic substances
  • D06M11/61—Liquid ammonia
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
  • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/20—Treatment influencing the crease behaviour, the wrinkle resistance, the crease recovery or the ironing ease

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process for treating a textile fabric which comprises applying a certain silicon compound or a mixture of silicon compounds to the fabric and subsequently drying the fabric.
• the padding liquor is normally an aqueous solution or dispersion.
• This solution or dispersion will comprise one or more cellulose crosslinkers and also, if appropriate, further desired ingredients such as softeners for example.
• cellulose crosslinkers include N-methylol compounds. These do indeed lead to good crosslinking results, but may be considered problematical because they include formaldehyde as a by-product or release by-produced formaldehyde at elevated temperature or in the course of storage. Prior artisans have searched for alternative crosslinkers which neither contain formaldehyde nor release it in the course of processing. They found that silanes can also be used to crosslink cellulosic fibers.
• this object is achieved by a process for treating a textile fabric having a cellulosic fiber content in the range from 70% to 100% by weight with a solution in liquid ammonia of a silicon compound or of a mixture of silicon compounds, which process comprises applying this solution to the textile fabric and then drying the fabric, wherein at least one of the silicon compounds used conforms to one of the formulae (I) to (IV)
• R radicals are independently hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• all R 1 radicals are independently an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or phenyl
• the R 2 radical is a radical of the formula (V) or of the formula (Vl)
• Ep is the univalent radical derived from ethylene oxide or is an epoxycyclohexyl radical, preferably 3,4-epoxy-1 -cyclohexyl
• n is from 2 to 4
• a is from 1 to 3
• b is 3 - a
• c is from 1 to 4, preferably 2
• d is 1 to 5
• e is from 1 to 4
• t is from 1 to 3
• y is from 1 to 3, preferably 1
• t + y is from 2 to 4.
• the process of the present invention is for treating textile fabrics having a cellulosic fiber content in the range from 70% to 100% by weight.
• the textile fabrics contemplated include wovens, knits and nonwovens. Wovens are preferred.
• the cellulosic fiber content of the textile fabrics ranges from 70% to 100% by weight. When the cellulosic fiber content is less than 100%, the remainder may consist of synthetic fibers such as polyester or polyamide for example. Cellulosic fibers may consist of natural cellulose such as cotton for example or else of regenerated cellulose. Textile fabrics treated by the process according to the present invention can be further processed into garments for example.
• b) can utilize even silanes which are highly cellulose reactive but which cannot be employed in the form of aqueous systems since they lack stability or reactivity in aqueous systems.
• a customary moist cure can be omitted after the process of the present invention has been carried out. It is thus preferable not to carry out a moist cure after the process of the present invention.
• very good crosslinking results are already provided by the present invention's process after drying with or without curing. This can be ascertained by means of the hereinbelow described determination of the wrinkle properties via determination of the wet crease angle.
• the process of the present invention can be carried out without using products which contain formaldehyde or release it at elevated temperature.
• the identified textile fabrics are treated with a solution in liquid ammonia of a silicon compound of the hereinbelow described type.
• a mixture of silicon compounds can be used in place of a single silicon compound. At least one of. the silicon compounds used shall conform to one of the hereinbelow illustrated formulae (I) to (IV).
• all silicon compounds used fall under one of these formulae; that is, preferably no silicon compound is present which does not conform to any of the formulae (I) to (IV), but amino-functional polysiloxanes or other softeners can also be present in the solution in liquid ammonia.
• all employed silicon compounds and other softeners have to be readily soluble in liquid ammonia.
• the applying of the ammoniacal solution to the textile fabric can be effected by methods known in the textile industry. Application by means of a bath, for example on a pad-mangle where the fabric is dipped into a solution of the desired silicon compound in liquid ammonia, is particularly suitable.
• the residence time of the textile fabric in the ammoniacal solution will normally be about 20 seconds to 20 minutes, but it can also be longer. This is followed by squeezing off in a known manner.
• the solution of the defined silicon compound or of the mixture of silicon compounds at the time of application to the fabric is preferably at a temperature in the range from -60°C to -40 0 C. This temperature range shall apply irrespectively of which application method is used.
• the amount of silicon compound in the ammonia solution is normally about 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, and preferably 0.1 to 0.7 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of ammonia.
• the solution of the silicon compound or compounds in liquid ammonia further comprises a catalyst.
• Suitable catalysts provide an increased degree of crosslinking and hence better effects with regard to the crease resistance of ready-produced textiles and/or its durability.
• Sterically hindered amines such as for example diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) or 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4-DMAP) are particularly suitable for use as catalysts.
• the amount of catalyst added is preferably in the range from 1.0% to 3% by weight, based on the total amount of silicon compounds of the formulae (I) to (IV) present in the ammoniacal solution.
• the textile fabric has to be dried after the ammoniacal solution has been applied to it.
• drying apparatuses can be used. Drying is normally done at a temperature in the range from 60 0 C to 180 0 C and preferably from 80°C to 150 0 C, and is carried on until ammonia, water and any alcohol formed have been removed. This normally requires a drying time of about 5 to 30 minutes. Water or alcohol are formed in the crosslinking reaction with OH groups on the cellulose when silicon compounds are used in which OH or OR groups are attached to silicon atoms.
• Sanforizing is a process of controlled compressive shrinkage applied to textile material, described for example in K. Peter, H. K. Rouette, Kunststoffn der Textilveredelung, 13th edition, dfv Irishr Anlagenverlag 1989, Frankfurt/Main, in particular pages 718 to 721.
• the textile fabric After the textile fabric has been dried it may, if desired, be remoistened with water.
• the textile fabric is cured after it has been dried, in particular when the drying temperature is below 130 0 C.
• Curing in this sense is a treatment at elevated temperature, for example in the range from 13O 0 C to 180°C and preferably in the range from 14O 0 C to 17O 0 C, for a period from 2 to 10 minutes. Curing can be used to increase the number of bonds which form between the cellulose and the reactive silicon compounds.
• At least one of the silicon compounds used for the process of the present invention shall conform to one of the formulae (I) to (IV)
• all the R radicals are independently hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
• all the R radicals present are each an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• This alkyl radical may be linear or branched. More preferably, all the R radicals are independently a methyl or ethyl group.
• all the R 1 radicals are independently an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or unsubstituted phenyl.
• all the R 1 radicals are each either methyl or ethyl.
• R 2 radical is a radical of the formula (V) or of the formula (Vl)
• silicon compounds contain 2 or more reactive groups capable of reacting with the OH groups of cellulose, if necessary at elevated temperature. The result of this reaction is a crosswise linking together of cellulose chains which improves crease resistance.
• Silicon compounds or silanes of the formulae (I) to (IV) and their preparation are known from the prior art, for example from the references cited at the beginning and from EP-A 1 199 339, or are preparable by processes known to one skilled in the art, for example by reaction of halosilanes with alcohols.
• silicon compounds of the formulae (I) to (IV) are commercially available, for example from Wacker, Germany.
• the process of the present invention provides textile fabrics which have excellent properties with regard to creasing/wrinkling and water retention capacity, these properties being very durable to storage and laundering operations.
• crease recovery angle wet also known as wet crease angle
• Melliand Textilberichte Vol. 39, No. 5, pages 552-554. This instrument can be used to determine the creasing/wrinkling characteristics of textile fabrics.
• the values of crease recovery angle wet which are reported hereinbelow in Examples 1 a) to 1d) are based on determinations in accordance with this Melliand reference. The samples were prepared as follows for this determination:
• Woven fabric samples 2 cm x 1 cm in size were placed in an aqueous solution containing 1 g/l of wetting agent (sodium salt of an alkylnaphthalenesulfonate). After 5 minutes, the samples were removed, laid on a plastics rail, folded and loaded with 500 g weight for 3 minutes. The weight was then removed for 3 minutes before the crease recovery angle was measured.
• wetting agent sodium salt of an alkylnaphthalenesulfonate
• Example 1a) The experimental conditions of Examples 1a) to 1d) are tabulated below. A different silicon compound (alkoxysilane) was used in each of these 4 examples. Where a catalyst was used as well, its amount was 2.5% by weight, based on the silicon compound, in each case.
• Table 1 0.1 ml of ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane in 25 ml of ammonnia

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-08-31 EP EP04020579A patent/EP1630280A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-08-06 EP EP05768410A patent/EP1792002A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-08-06 CN CNA2005800289843A patent/CN101010457A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-08-06 US US11/659,528 patent/US20080115290A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-08-06 KR KR1020077005013A patent/KR20070047817A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-08-06 WO PCT/EP2005/008552 patent/WO2006024364A1/en active Application Filing

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