EP1789312A1 - Electroacoustic underwater antenna - Google Patents

Electroacoustic underwater antenna

Info

Publication number
EP1789312A1
EP1789312A1 EP05756509A EP05756509A EP1789312A1 EP 1789312 A1 EP1789312 A1 EP 1789312A1 EP 05756509 A EP05756509 A EP 05756509A EP 05756509 A EP05756509 A EP 05756509A EP 1789312 A1 EP1789312 A1 EP 1789312A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrophones
underwater antenna
antenna according
underwater
distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05756509A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1789312B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Axel Brenner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP1789312A1 publication Critical patent/EP1789312A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1789312B1 publication Critical patent/EP1789312B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G10K11/008—Arrays of transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/04—Adaptation for subterranean or subaqueous use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/34—Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic underwater antenna, in particular on the outer skin of underwater vehicles attachable side antennas, the genus defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known side antenna for submarines (EP 0 214 525 B1) is formed by a so-called hydrophone streamer, which is held at a distance from the submarine shell over its longitudinal extent by retaining elements fastened to the submarine shell at a distance from one another ,
  • the hydrophone streamer has a flexible hose which is supported by fittings at certain intervals.
  • the arranged in the hose at defined intervals hydrophones are each arranged between two on the hose jacket supporting fittings.
  • the cylindrically shaped hydrophones sit in a clamped on traction cables bracket.
  • This holder is composed of two resilient plastic halves, the traction cables half each comprehensive end portions are held together by spring clips.
  • the middle part of the holder encloses a cylindrical cavity in which the hydrophone is resiliently held.
  • the hose jacket is filled with a liquid, preferably oil, which ensures good acoustic transmission properties between the hydrophones and the hose jacket.
  • a well-known, trained as a so-called towed antenna underwater antenna (DE 198 12 356 Cl) has a filled with ' a filler hose in which a plurality of hydrophones are lined up at a distance one behind the other and held by support on the tubular casing approximately centrally in the hose.
  • spaced pieces of metal foam are provided in the longitudinal direction of the tube, in which the hydrophones are used centrally.
  • the fittings are set on a pull rope pulling through the hose.
  • the hose is filled with oil.
  • a filler gel which surrounds the hydrophones uniformly on all sides and thus fixed in the tube substantially centrally.
  • the filler is a two-component silicone rubber, the two components of which are highly fluid and highly fluid and harden at room temperature to a gel-like vulcanizate.
  • cylinder base underwater antenna (EP 0654953 Bl) is a variety, eg ninety six, of rod-shaped transducer assemblies, so-called.
  • Staves attached to the outer shell of a hollow cylinder made of glass fiber reinforced plastic side by side.
  • Each stave has several, for example three, at the same distance superposed hydrophones, which are formed as small ball ceramics.
  • a reflector is arranged. Hydros and reflectors are embedded in an acoustically transparent hard cast of polyurethane.
  • Such an underwater antenna has a directional characteristic with a sufficiently narrow main lobe in the vertical direction with suitable signal processing of the hydrophone output signals due to the plurality of vertically superimposed hydrophones.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an underwater antenna of the type mentioned, which in addition to a horizontally pivotable narrow main lobe of the receiving characteristic also has a sufficiently large bundling in the vertical direction and a good reception sensitivity in the low-frequency range and also manufacturing technology is easy to manufacture and easy to assemble ,
  • the underwater electroacoustic antenna according to the invention combines the acoustic advantages of a hydrophone streamer with respect to its low-frequency reception sensitivity and the advantages of a cylinder base or planar antenna with respect to good confinement of the vertical reception range.
  • the rigid support plate serves as a reflector and gives the underwater antenna a good forward / reverse ratio.
  • the production of the plastic body is very easy to manufacture, as well as the insertion of the hydrophones in the cavities.
  • a plurality of plastic bodies fitted with a thermoplastic are arranged next to and / or behind one another.
  • montagetechnisch simple juxtaposition of the individual plate-like plastic bodies so-called.
  • Panels containing arranged in row and columns hydrophones can be realized with low manufacturing cost an area antenna with any dimensions.
  • the plastic body forming a panel is made as a rigid encapsulation enclosing the rigid plate in which cavities are formed in front of the plate surface at a distance from these mutually parallel channels.
  • An equal number of hydrophones will be in
  • the hose is preferably made of polyethylene.
  • a very good reception behaviourof is' n obtained in the low frequency range by use of oil as a filler, which is substantially better than, for example embedded in gel hydrophones of Hydrofon- streamers.
  • an equal number of hydrophones are each used directly in the channels formed in the Hartumguss, supported on the channel walls by means of conventional fittings and fixed axially immovable.
  • the channels are preferably filled with oil and sealed.
  • 1 is a composite of several antenna elements, planar, electro-acoustic underwater antenna,
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a hydrophone hose for drawing into a channel of the hard encapsulation in FIG. 2, FIG.
  • Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3rd
  • the electroacoustic underwater antenna shown in perspective in FIG. 1 is an area antenna, which is preferably used as a side antenna attached to the outer skin of an underwater vehicle. It is composed of a plurality of panel-like antenna elements 10, which are arranged one behind the other and / or next to each other and individually secured to the outer skin of the underwater vehicle.
  • Each antenna element 10 has an acoustically transparent, plate-like plastic body 11, on the one hand a rigid plate 12 and on the other hand in the direction of sound incidence before the plate 12 arranged hydrophones 13 contained in the plastic body 11, at a parallel distance from each other and the plate 12th extending cavities 14 are arranged.
  • each antenna element 10 forms a panel with a hydrophone arrangement in which the hydrophones 13 are positioned in rows and columns.
  • the plastic body 11 is produced as a rigid encasing surrounding the rigid plate 12, in which channels 15 are formed in front of the plate surface to form the cavities 14 at a distance from these mutually parallel channels (FIG. 2).
  • the hard encapsulation consists of a casting processable, substantially viscoelastic elastomer, preferably of polyurethane.
  • An equal number of hydrophones 13, in the illustrated example six hydrophones 13, are inserted in a closed, oil-filled tube 16 and fixed with radial distance from the tubular casing 161 axially immovable in the tube 16, wherein the distance between the consecutive hydrophones 13 is constant (Fig 3) ,
  • the designed as a small ball ceramics hydrophones 13 are for this purpose received in each case a plastic holder 17, which is supported on the tubular casing 161 and fixed axially immovable.
  • the oil filling 18 is indicated in Fig. 3 by puncturing.
  • the introduction of the plastic holder 17 with hydrophones 13 can be done, for example, that the plastic holder 17 are fixed in a very coarse-mesh network and the net is floated with the fixed hydrophones 13 in the tube 16.
  • the hydrophones 13 can be used by means of their plastic holder 17 directly into the channels 15 at a defined distance from each other.
  • the so equipped with hydrophones 13 channels 15 are filled with oil and closed at the end.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

An electroacoustic underwater antenna, particularly a lateral antenna which can be fixed to the outer hull of an underwater craft, comprising a series of hydrophones (13) successively arranged in at least one elongate, closed, oil-filled cavity at a distance from each other. The aim of the invention is to achieve a high degree of reception sensitivity in the low frequency range with a sufficiently small, vertical aperture angle. The inventive device is easy to produce and mount and is characterized by several cavities (14) which are fitted with hydrophones (13) at a parallel distance from each other, arranged in front of a rigid plate (12) at a distance therefrom. The plate (12) and the cavities (14) are formed in a panel-type, acoustically transparent plastic element (11). Several of said plastic elements (11) are arranged close to each other or behind each other.

Description

ELEKTROAKUSTISCHE UNTERWASSERANTENNE ELECTRIC ACOUSTIC UNDERWATER ANTENNA
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne, insbesondere an der Außenhaut von Unterwasserfahrzeugen befestigbare Seitenantennen, der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierten Gattung.The invention relates to an electroacoustic underwater antenna, in particular on the outer skin of underwater vehicles attachable side antennas, the genus defined in the preamble of claim 1.
Eine bekannte Seitenantenne für U-Boote (EP 0 214 525 Bl) wird von einem sog. Hydrofonstreamer gebildet, der über seine Längserstreckung von im Abstand voneinander an der U-Boot- Hülle befestigten Haltegliedern mit Abstand von der U-Boot- Hülle gehalten ist. Der Hydrofonstreamer weist einen flexiblen Schlauch auf, der durch Formstücke in bestimmten Abständen abgestützt ist. Die im Schlauch in definierten Abständen angeordneten Hydrofone sind jeweils zwischen zwei am Schlauchmantel sich abstützenden Formstücken angeordnet. Die zylindrisch ausgebildeten Hydrofone sitzen dabei in einer auf Zugseilen festgeklemmten Halterung. Diese Halterung ist aus zwei federnd nachgiebigen Kunststoffhälften zusammengesetzt, deren die Zugseile jeweils halb umfassende Endabschnitte durch Federklammern zusammengehalten sind. Der mittlere Teil der Halterung umschließt einen zylindrischen Hohlraum, in dem das Hydrofon federnd gehalten ist. Der Schlauchmantel ist mit einer Flüssigkeit, vorzugsweise Öl, gefüllt, die für gute akustische Übertragungseigenschaften zwischen den Hydrofonen und dem Schlauchmantel sorgt. Eine bekannte, als sog. Schleppantenne ausgebildete Unterwasserantenne (DE 198 12 356 Cl) weist einen mit 'einem Füllmittel befüllten Schlauch auf, in dem eine Vielzahl von Hydrofonen mit Abstand hintereinander aufgereiht und durch Abstützung an der Schlauchhülle etwa mittig im Schlauch gehalten sind. Für die Abstützung der Hydrofone sind in Längsrichtung des Schlauchs beabstandete Formstücke aus Metallschaum vorgesehen, in die die Hydrofone zentral eingesetzt sind. Die Formstücke sind auf einem den Schlauch durchziehenden Zugseil festgelegt. Der Schlauch ist mit Öl gefüllt.A known side antenna for submarines (EP 0 214 525 B1) is formed by a so-called hydrophone streamer, which is held at a distance from the submarine shell over its longitudinal extent by retaining elements fastened to the submarine shell at a distance from one another , The hydrophone streamer has a flexible hose which is supported by fittings at certain intervals. The arranged in the hose at defined intervals hydrophones are each arranged between two on the hose jacket supporting fittings. The cylindrically shaped hydrophones sit in a clamped on traction cables bracket. This holder is composed of two resilient plastic halves, the traction cables half each comprehensive end portions are held together by spring clips. The middle part of the holder encloses a cylindrical cavity in which the hydrophone is resiliently held. The hose jacket is filled with a liquid, preferably oil, which ensures good acoustic transmission properties between the hydrophones and the hose jacket. A well-known, trained as a so-called towed antenna underwater antenna (DE 198 12 356 Cl) has a filled with ' a filler hose in which a plurality of hydrophones are lined up at a distance one behind the other and held by support on the tubular casing approximately centrally in the hose. For the support of the hydrophones spaced pieces of metal foam are provided in the longitudinal direction of the tube, in which the hydrophones are used centrally. The fittings are set on a pull rope pulling through the hose. The hose is filled with oil.
Bei einer ebenfalls bekannten Unterwasser-Schleppantenne (DE 195 18 461 Cl) ist als Füllmittel ein Gel gewählt, das die Hydrofone allseits gleichmäßig umschließt und so im Schlauch im wesentlichen mittig fixiert. Das Füllmittel ist ein Zwei- Komponenten-Silikonkautschuk, dessen beide Komponenten dünnflüssig und von hoher Fließfähigkeit sind und bei Raumtemperatur zu einem gelartigen Vulkanisat aushärten.In a likewise known underwater towed antenna (DE 195 18 461 Cl) is selected as a filler gel, which surrounds the hydrophones uniformly on all sides and thus fixed in the tube substantially centrally. The filler is a two-component silicone rubber, the two components of which are highly fluid and highly fluid and harden at room temperature to a gel-like vulcanizate.
Bei einer bekannten, als sog. Zylinderbasis bezeichneten Unterwasserantenne (EP 0 654 953 Bl) ist eine Vielzahl, z.B. sechsundneunzig, von stabförmigen Wandleranordnungen, sog. Staves, auf dem Außenmantel eines Hohlzylinders aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff nebeneinander befestigt. Jeder Stave weist mehrere, z.B. drei, im gleichen Abstand übereinander angeordnete Hydrofone auf, die als kleine Kugelkeramiken ausgebildet sind. In Schalleinfallsrich'tung hinter den Hydrofonen ist ein Reflektor angeordnet. Hydrofone und Reflektor sind in einem akustisch transparenten Hartumguss aus Polyurethan eingebettet. DieIn a known, referred to as a so-called cylinder base underwater antenna (EP 0654953 Bl) is a variety, eg ninety six, of rod-shaped transducer assemblies, so-called. Staves, attached to the outer shell of a hollow cylinder made of glass fiber reinforced plastic side by side. Each stave has several, for example three, at the same distance superposed hydrophones, which are formed as small ball ceramics. In Schalleinfallsrich ' direction behind the hydrophones, a reflector is arranged. Hydros and reflectors are embedded in an acoustically transparent hard cast of polyurethane. The
Anschlussleitungen aller Hydrofone sind auf einen gemeinsamen Stecker geführt, der in ein an einer Stirnseite des Hartumgusses eingeformtes Sackloch hineinragt. Eine solche Unterwasserantenne hat bei geeigneter Signalverarbeitung der Hydrofon-Ausgangssignale aufgrund der mehreren, vertikal übereinanderliegenden Hydrofone eine Richtcharakteristik mit einer ausreichend schmalen Hauptkeule auch in Vertikalrichtung.Connecting lines of all hydrophones are led to a common plug, which is in one on one end of the Hartumgusses molded-in blind hole protrudes. Such an underwater antenna has a directional characteristic with a sufficiently narrow main lobe in the vertical direction with suitable signal processing of the hydrophone output signals due to the plurality of vertically superimposed hydrophones.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Unterwasserantenne der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die neben einer in Horizontalrichtung schwenkbaren schmalen Hauptkeule der Empfangscharakteristik auch eine ausreichend große Bündelung in Vertikalrichtung und eine gute Empfangsempfindlichkeit im tieffrequentem Bereich aufweist und zudem fertigungstechnisch einfach herstellbar und leicht zu montieren ist.The invention has for its object to provide an underwater antenna of the type mentioned, which in addition to a horizontally pivotable narrow main lobe of the receiving characteristic also has a sufficiently large bundling in the vertical direction and a good reception sensitivity in the low-frequency range and also manufacturing technology is easy to manufacture and easy to assemble ,
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmal im Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the feature in claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne kombiniert die akustischen Vorteile eines Hydrofon-Streamers bezüglich seiner Empfangsempfindlichkeit im tieffrequenten Bereich und die Vorteile einer Zylinderbasis oder einer Flächenantenne bezüglich guter Bündelung des vertikalen Empfangsbereichs. Die biegesteife Trägerplatte dient gleichzeitig als Reflektor und verleiht der Unterwasserantenne ein gutes Vor-/Rückwärtsverhältnis . Die Herstellung des Kunststoffkörpers ist fertigungstechnisch sehr einfach, ebenso wie das Einsetzen der Hydrofone in die Hohlräume.The underwater electroacoustic antenna according to the invention combines the acoustic advantages of a hydrophone streamer with respect to its low-frequency reception sensitivity and the advantages of a cylinder base or planar antenna with respect to good confinement of the vertical reception range. The rigid support plate serves as a reflector and gives the underwater antenna a good forward / reverse ratio. The production of the plastic body is very easy to manufacture, as well as the insertion of the hydrophones in the cavities.
Zweckmäßige Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Unterwasserantenne mit vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the underwater antenna according to the invention with advantageous developments and Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the other claims.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind mehrere hydrofonbestückte Kunststoffkörper neben- und/oder hintereinander angeordnet. Durch die montagetechnisch einfache Aneinanderreihung der einzelnen plattenartigen Kunststoffkörpern, sog. Paneelen, die in Reihe und Spalten angeordnete Hydrofone enthalten, kann mit geringem fertigungstechnischen Aufwand eine Flächenantenne mit beliebigen Abmessungen realisiert werden.In accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a plurality of plastic bodies fitted with a thermoplastic are arranged next to and / or behind one another. By montagetechnisch simple juxtaposition of the individual plate-like plastic bodies, so-called. Panels containing arranged in row and columns hydrophones, can be realized with low manufacturing cost an area antenna with any dimensions.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der ein Paneel bildende Kunststoffkörper als ein die biegesteife Platte einschließender Hartumguss hergestellt, in dem zur Bildung der Hohlräume vor der Plattenfläche im Abstand von dieser parallel zueinander verlaufende Kanäle eingeformt sind. Eine gleiche Anzahl von Hydrofonen wird inAccording to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plastic body forming a panel is made as a rigid encapsulation enclosing the rigid plate in which cavities are formed in front of the plate surface at a distance from these mutually parallel channels. An equal number of hydrophones will be in
1 einem geschlossenen, ölgefüllten Schlauch eingesetzt und in jeden Kanal wird ein Schlauch eingezogen. Der Schlauch ist vorzugsweise aus Polyethylen gefertigt. Durch Verwendung von Öl als Füllmittel wird ein sehr gutes Empfangsverhalte'n im tieffrequenten Bereich erzielt, das wesentlich besser ist als z.B. bei in Gel eingebetteten Hydrofonen von Hydrofon- Streamern.1 is inserted into a closed, oil-filled hose and a hose is drawn into each channel. The hose is preferably made of polyethylene. A very good reception behaviourof is' n obtained in the low frequency range by use of oil as a filler, which is substantially better than, for example embedded in gel hydrophones of Hydrofon- streamers.
Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird eine gleiche Anzahl von Hydrofonen jeweils unmittelbar in die im Hartumguss eingeformten Kanäle eingesetzt, an den Kanalwänden mittels üblicher Formstücke abgestützt und axial unverschieblich fixiert. Die Kanäle werden vorzugsweise mit Öl gefüllt und verschlossen. Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen in schematisierter Darstellung:According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, an equal number of hydrophones are each used directly in the channels formed in the Hartumguss, supported on the channel walls by means of conventional fittings and fixed axially immovable. The channels are preferably filled with oil and sealed. The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. In a schematic representation:
Fig. 1 eine aus mehreren Antennenelementen zusammengesetzte, flächenhafte, elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne,1 is a composite of several antenna elements, planar, electro-acoustic underwater antenna,
Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht einesFig. 2 is a perspective view of a
Hartumgusses mit eingebetteter, biegesteifer Platte und eingeformten Kanälen zur Herstellung eines Antennenelements,Hard encapsulation with embedded, rigid plate and molded channels for producing an antenna element,
Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt eines Hydrofonschlauchs zum Einziehen in einen Kanal des Hartumgusses in Fig. 2,3 shows a longitudinal section of a hydrophone hose for drawing into a channel of the hard encapsulation in FIG. 2, FIG.
Fig. 4 einen Schnitt längs der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 3.Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3rd
Die in Fig. 1 perspektivisch dargestellte, elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne ist eine Flächenantenne, die vorzugsweise als an der Außenhaut eines Unterwasserfahrzeugs befestigte Seitenantenne verwendet wird. Sie ist aus einer Mehrzahl von paneelartigen Antennenelementen 10 zusammengesetzt, die hintereinander und/oder nebeneinander angeordnet und einzeln an der Außenhaut des Unterwasserfahrzeugs befestigt sind. Jedes Antennenelement 10 weist einen akustisch transparenten, plattenartigen Kunststoffkörper 11 auf, der einerseits eine biegesteife Platte 12 und andererseits in Schalleinfallsrichtung vor der Platte 12 angeordnete Hydrofone 13 enthält, die in im Kunststoffkörper 11 enthaltenen, im Parallelabstand voneinander und zur Platte 12 sich erstreckenden Hohlräumen 14 angeordnet sind. Die Hohlräume 14 sind geschlossen und mit Öl gefüllt, das aufgrund seiner vorteilhaften akustischen Eigenschaften anderen Füllmitteln, wie Gel, vorgezogen wird. Durch diese konstruktive Anordnung der Hydrofone 13 bildet jedes Antennenelement 10 ein Paneel mit einer Hydrofonanordnung, in welcher die Hydrofone 13 in Reihen und Spalten positioniert sind. Beispielhaft nehmen sechs im Parallelabstand nebeneinanderliegende Hohlräume 14 jeweils sechs voneinander beabstandete Hydrofone 13 auf, so dass sich eine flächenhafte Hydrofonanordnung von 6 x 6 = 36 Hydrofonen 13 ergibt.The electroacoustic underwater antenna shown in perspective in FIG. 1 is an area antenna, which is preferably used as a side antenna attached to the outer skin of an underwater vehicle. It is composed of a plurality of panel-like antenna elements 10, which are arranged one behind the other and / or next to each other and individually secured to the outer skin of the underwater vehicle. Each antenna element 10 has an acoustically transparent, plate-like plastic body 11, on the one hand a rigid plate 12 and on the other hand in the direction of sound incidence before the plate 12 arranged hydrophones 13 contained in the plastic body 11, at a parallel distance from each other and the plate 12th extending cavities 14 are arranged. The cavities 14 are closed and filled with oil, which is preferred to other fillers, such as gel, because of its advantageous acoustic properties. By virtue of this constructive arrangement of the hydrophones 13, each antenna element 10 forms a panel with a hydrophone arrangement in which the hydrophones 13 are positioned in rows and columns. By way of example, six cavities 14 juxtaposed in a parallel spacing each receive six spaced-apart hydrophones 13, so that a planar hydrophone arrangement of 6 × 6 = 36 hydrophones 13 results.
Der Kunststoffkörper 11 ist als ein die biegesteife Platte 12 umschließender Hartumguss hergestellt, in dem zur Bildung der Hohlräume 14 vor der Plattenfläche im Abstand von dieser parallel zueinander verlaufende Kanäle 15 eingeformt sind (Fig. 2) . Der Hartumguss besteht aus einem in einem Gießverfahren verarbeitbaren, im wesentlichen zähelastischen Elastomer, vorzugsweise aus Polyurethan.The plastic body 11 is produced as a rigid encasing surrounding the rigid plate 12, in which channels 15 are formed in front of the plate surface to form the cavities 14 at a distance from these mutually parallel channels (FIG. 2). The hard encapsulation consists of a casting processable, substantially viscoelastic elastomer, preferably of polyurethane.
Eine gleiche Anzahl von Hydrofonen 13, im dargestellten Beispiel sechs Hydrofone 13, sind in einem geschlossenen, ölgefüllten Schlauch 16 eingesetzt und mit Radialabstand von der Schlauchhülle 161 axial unverschieblich im Schlauch 16 fixiert, wobei der Abstand der aufeinanderfolgenden Hydrofone 13 konstant ist (Fig 3) . Die als kleine Kugelkeramiken ausgebildeten Hydrofone 13 sind hierzu in jeweils einem Kunststoffhalter 17 aufgenommen, der sich an der Schlauchhülle 161 abstützt und axial unverschieblich fixiert ist. Die Ölfüllung 18 ist in Fig. 3 durch Punktierung angedeutet. Jeweils ein wie vorstehend beschrieben gebildeter Hydrofonschlauch 16 wird in einen Kanal 15 des Hartumgusses eingezogen, so dass bei insgesamt sechs vorhandenen Kanälen 15 sechs Hydrofon-Schläuche 16 eingezogen sind und sich dadurch eine Wandleranordnung von 6 x 6 = 36 Hydrofonen 13 ergibt. Das Einbringen der Kunststoffhalter 17 mit Hydrofonen 13 kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass die Kunststoffhalter 17 in einem sehr grobmaschigen Netz fixiert werden und das Netz mit den fixierten Hydrofonen 13 in den Schlauch 16 eingeschwommen wird.An equal number of hydrophones 13, in the illustrated example six hydrophones 13, are inserted in a closed, oil-filled tube 16 and fixed with radial distance from the tubular casing 161 axially immovable in the tube 16, wherein the distance between the consecutive hydrophones 13 is constant (Fig 3) , The designed as a small ball ceramics hydrophones 13 are for this purpose received in each case a plastic holder 17, which is supported on the tubular casing 161 and fixed axially immovable. The oil filling 18 is indicated in Fig. 3 by puncturing. In each case a hydroformone tube 16 formed as described above is drawn into a channel 15 of the hard encapsulation, so that with a total of six existing channels 15 six hydrophone tubes 16 are retracted and thereby results in a transducer array of 6 x 6 = 36 hydrophones 13. The introduction of the plastic holder 17 with hydrophones 13 can be done, for example, that the plastic holder 17 are fixed in a very coarse-mesh network and the net is floated with the fixed hydrophones 13 in the tube 16.
Alternativ können die Hydrofone 13 mittels ihrer Kunststoffhalter 17 unmittelbar in die Kanäle 15 im definierten Abstand voneinander eingesetzt werden. Die so mit Hydrofonen 13 bestücken Kanäle 15 werden mit Öl gefüllt und endseitig geschlossen.Alternatively, the hydrophones 13 can be used by means of their plastic holder 17 directly into the channels 15 at a defined distance from each other. The so equipped with hydrophones 13 channels 15 are filled with oil and closed at the end.
Auf die Darstellung der zu den Hydrofonen 13 führenden elektrischen Kabel für die Signalleitung und Stromversorgung ist der Übersichtlichkeit halber verzichtet worden. On the presentation of the leading to the hydrophones 13 electrical cable for the signal line and power supply has been omitted for clarity.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne, insbesondere an der Außenhaut von Unterwasserfahrzeugen befestigbare Seitenantenne, mit in mindestens einem langgestreckten, geschlossenen und mit einem Füllmittel gefüllten Hohlraum (14) in festem Abstand voneinander hintereinander aufgereihten Hydrofonen (13) , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere, mit Hydrofonen (13) bestückte Hohlräume (15) sich im Parallelabstand voneinander vor einer biegesteifen Platte (12) und im Abstand von dieser erstrecken, dass die Platte (12) und die Hohlräume (14) in einem paneelartigen, akustisch transparenten Kunststoffkörper (11) eingebettet sind.1. Acoustic underwater antenna, in particular on the outer skin of underwater vehicles attachable side antenna, with in at least one elongated, closed and filled with a filler cavity (14) at a fixed distance from each other in a row lined up hydrophones (13), characterized in that several, with hydrophones ( 13) equipped cavities (15) at a parallel distance from each other before a rigid plate (12) and at a distance from this extend that the plate (12) and the cavities (14) in a panel-like, acoustically transparent plastic body (11) are embedded.
2. Elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere hydrofonbestückte Kunststoffkörper (11) neben- und/oder hintereinander angeordnet sind.2. Electro-acoustic underwater antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of plastic body (11) equipped with a microphone are arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.
3. Unterwasserantenne nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kunststoffkörper (11) als ein die biegesteife Platte (12) umschließender Hartumguss hergestellt ist, in dem zur Bildung der Hohlräume (13) vor der Plattenfläche im Abstand von dieser parallel zueinander verlaufende Kanäle (15) eingeformt sind. 3. Underwater antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic body (11) as a rigid plate (12) enclosing Hartumguss is made in the formation of the cavities (13) in front of the plate surface at a distance from this parallel to each other Channels (15) are formed.
4. Unterwasserantenne nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeweils eine gleiche Anzahl von Hydrofonen (13) in geschlossenen, mit einem Füllmittel gefüllten Schläuchen (16) eingesetzt ist und dass in jedem Kanal (15) ein hydrofonbestückter Schlauch (16) eingezogen ist.4. Underwater antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that in each case an equal number of hydrophones (13) in closed, filled with a filler hose (16) is inserted and that in each channel (15) a hydrofonbestückter hose (16) is retracted.
5. Unterwasserantenne nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlauch (16) aus Polyethylen besteht.5. Underwater antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the hose (16) consists of polyethylene.
6. Unterwasserantenne nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeweils eine gleiche Anzahl von Hydrofonen (13) unmittelbar in die Kanäle (15) eingesetzt ist und dass die Kanäle (15) mit Füllmittel gefüllt und verschlossen sind.6. Underwater antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that in each case an equal number of hydrophones (13) is inserted directly into the channels (15) and that the channels (15) are filled with filler and sealed.
7. Unterwasserantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Füllmittel Öl ist.7. Underwater antenna according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the filler is oil.
8. Unterwasserantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 3 - 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hartumguss aus einem in einem Gießverfahren verarbeitbaren, im wesentlichen zähelastischen Elastomer, vorzugsweise aus Polyurethan, besteht.8. Underwater antenna according to one of claims 3-7, characterized in that the hard encapsulation of a processable in a casting process, substantially tough elastic elastomer, preferably made of polyurethane.
9. Unterwasserantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die biegesteife Platte (12) aus Metall besteht.9. Underwater antenna according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the rigid plate (12) consists of metal.
10. Unterwasserantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hydrofone (13) von Kugelkeramiken gebildet sind. 10. Underwater antenna according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the hydrophones (13) are formed by ball ceramics.
EP05756509A 2004-08-05 2005-06-15 Electroacoustic underwater antenna Not-in-force EP1789312B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004037987A DE102004037987A1 (en) 2004-08-05 2004-08-05 Electro-acoustic underwater antenna
PCT/EP2005/006382 WO2006015645A1 (en) 2004-08-05 2005-06-15 Electroacoustic underwater antenna

Publications (2)

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EP1789312A1 true EP1789312A1 (en) 2007-05-30
EP1789312B1 EP1789312B1 (en) 2008-08-27

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US (1) US7800980B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1789312B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101088246B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE406306T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005270542B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102004037987A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2310833T3 (en)
IL (1) IL179950A (en)
NO (1) NO337815B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1789312E (en)
WO (1) WO2006015645A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200700860B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1789312B1 (en) 2008-08-27
KR101088246B1 (en) 2011-11-30
KR20070036750A (en) 2007-04-03
NO337815B1 (en) 2016-06-27
US20090190442A1 (en) 2009-07-30
DE102004037987A1 (en) 2006-02-23
ZA200700860B (en) 2008-06-25
PT1789312E (en) 2008-11-25
AU2005270542B2 (en) 2010-07-22
IL179950A (en) 2011-05-31
AU2005270542A1 (en) 2006-02-16
US7800980B2 (en) 2010-09-21
DE502005005210D1 (en) 2008-10-09
IL179950A0 (en) 2007-05-15
NO20071212L (en) 2007-03-05
WO2006015645A1 (en) 2006-02-16
ES2310833T3 (en) 2009-01-16
ATE406306T1 (en) 2008-09-15

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