EP1788130B1 - Fabric and method of making same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cleaning or laundry item.

Skin irritations, rashes, inflammations or allergies are often caused by living organisms such as bacteria or fungi, etc. If such symptoms occur frequently and / or over an extended period of time, permanent treatment with medications or appropriate ointments or gels may be undesirable.

From WO 02/42549 A2 an antimicrobial laundry is known which can counteract skin irritation and inflammation. Accordingly, at least the side of the item of laundry which can be brought into contact with the skin of the user is provided with an antimicrobially active metal coating in the event of a flaut contact. It may be a metallized Grewebe, which is provided with a copper or preferably silver coating its threads. Such a laundry shows when worn on the skin, especially in close and prolonged contact antimicrobial effect, which is a killing of germs, bacteria, viruses or fungi understood. The laundry may consist of a woven, knitted or knitted textile whose threads are preferably covered on all sides with the metal coating.

In practice, however, it has been found that such textiles, despite the positive effect of germ killing, are often not comfortable to wear. On the skin, the metal-coated surface of the fabric may feel cool and / or damp due to build-up sweat.

In the US 3,959,556 a yarn is described which comprises a thread of a natural material, e.g. As cotton, and a thread made of a plastic, for. As nylon has. The plastic thread has an antimicrobial chemical agent. In the yarn, the thread of a natural material and the thread of plastic in contact, whereby the antimicrobial agent on the thread of the natural material passes, so that both the thread of plastic and the thread of the natural material have an antimicrobial effect , The plastic thread comprising the antimicrobial chemical agent thereby constitutes a kind of reservoir for the antimicrobial chemical agent. If the antimicrobial chemical agent is washed off the thread from a natural material, for example during the wash, it is replenished from the interior of the thread made of plastic, so that the thread of a natural material again unfolds antimicrobial effect.

From the DE 689 03 582 T2 For example, a yarn with antimicrobial properties is known which has multiple threads. The filaments contain a fiber-forming synthetic polymer. Some yarns of the yarn have anti-microbial agent-induced antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial agent may be a chemical compound present in the filaments or an oxidatively stable and non-toxic metal powder, eg a silver powder, with which the surfaces of the filaments are provided.

In the DE 101 27 513 A1 describes the use of antimicrobial polymers for the production of antimicrobial nonwovens, which are understood in particular textile composites and papers. For the production of antimicrobial polymers in the form of fibers can be used. In the production of nonwovens, eg of textile composites and papers, antimicrobial polymers can be added to the fiber mixture.

Nonwovens can also be subsequently coated, for example, with antimicrobial fibers or threads.

From the DE 20 2005 010 978 U1 For example, there is known an antimicrobial microfiber for use in direct contact with the human body which contains metallic silver particles that are homogeneously distributed in fiber production in at least one polymer component of the fiber. The microfiber may be used alone or in conjunction with other fibers to form wovens, knits and other fabrics.

In the US 2005/0106390 A1 there is described an antimicrobial synthetic fiber comprising various thermoplastic polymers and inorganic antimicrobial additives. Antimicrobial fibers may be blended with non-antimicrobial fibers, eg, cotton, wool, polyester, acrylic, nylon, etc. to obtain antimicrobial agents.

From the US 2002/0146950 A1 For example, an antimicrobial material is known which has two fibers combined together. The one fiber is formed of a polyester. The other fiber is formed of an acetate. The acetate fiber is provided with an antimicrobial agent.

In the US Pat. No. 6,499,320 B1 a garment is described, which is made of a knitted or woven material. The material has two threads, one of which is provided with an antimicrobial agent. The thread provided with the antimicrobial agent is predominantly on the inside of the garment where the garment contacts the skin of a body part. The antimicrobial thread contains an antimicrobial metal, for example silver or copper.

From the JP 2000064149 A For example, a woven or knitted fabric comprising an acrylic-based fiber and an antimicrobial fiber is known. The antimicrobial fiber comprises, for example, silver or silver ions.

Out EP 1 013 809 A1 For example, there is known a composite fabric consisting of two hydrophilic layers wherein a first skin facing inner layer is made of polyester, acrylic or nylon and a second outer layer facing away from the skin is made of a moisture absorbent material such as cotton or synthetic Yarn exists. The two layers are produced together by knitting a plated formation. Only the outer second layer is treated with synthetic fibers with antimicrobial properties. This antimicrobial property is said to reduce bacterial growth in the moisture-permeable outer layer, thereby reducing body odors in the textile. The textile thus carries body moisture and bumps through the two hydrophilic layers to the outside and at the same time limits the bacterial growth in the sweat-soaked outer layer due to the antimicrobial property in the outer layer. It is explicitly excluded in this document that the antimicrobial layer comes into contact with the skin. It is explicitly stated that such an antimicrobial fiber in the inner layer is extremely disadvantageous, as it would adversely affect it with the natural bacterial growth on the skin of the wearer of the textile and thus adversely affect the protective function for the skin.

The invention has for its object to provide a textile with the highest possible comfort and a twist of the textile.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a garment or laundry with the features of claim 1 Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the textile result from the dependent claims.

The fabric or garment according to claim 1 comprises at least two different fibers, of which the at least one fiber is an antimicrobial, in particular an at least partially metallic, fiber and the at least one other fiber is a non or less antimicrobial fiber, wherein at least one When wearing the fabric of the skin facing the active side of the textile at least partially substantially only the antimicrobial fiber appears and when wearing the fabric essentially only surfaces of the antimicrobial fiber come into contact with the skin and / or at least partially both of the at least two different fibers Both surfaces of the antimicrobial fiber and surfaces of the non-or less antimicrobial fiber appear in contact with the skin when the textile is worn. come, wherein the textile is at least partially designed as a clad and / or reversible knitted or knitted fabric and wherein at least a portion of the mesh of the knitted or knitted fabric comprises the at least two fibers.

If it is mentioned that on the active side of the textile at least partially substantially only the antimicrobial fiber appears and / or at least partially appear both an antimicrobial acting as well as a non or less antimicrobial fiber, this means that the fibers the Wirkscite are each visually visible and unfold their intended effect. Should it be For example, when the second fiber is a less antimicrobial fiber, the ratio of the antimicrobial effect of the less antimicrobial fiber to the antimicrobial effect of the antimicrobial fiber is about 1/10, for example.

The term "antimicrobial" is intended to include activity against one or more microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi.

In the case of clad or insert-clad fiber processing in the course of the production of a clad or wire-wound knitted or knitted fabric, a further fiber guidance by an additional fiber system takes place for the mesh base. Thus, there is a kind of quasi-parallel guidance of the antimicrobial acting and the non or less antimicrobial acting fibers and entangling or obtaining the mutually parallel fibers with each other. For example, in plating, the fibers are processed together so that the antimicrobial fiber appears substantially always on one side of the fabric and the non or less antimicrobial fiber appears substantially on the other side or on both sides of the fabric. In turn-on plating, antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial fibers generally appear on both sides of the fabric. The plating or turning plating can either be done as a complete deposit of each stitch or can be controlled in terms of the pattern. Thus, not all stitches of the knitted or knitted fabric must always have an antimicrobial and a non-or less antimicrobial fiber. With the help of plating or Wendeplattierung so you can bring the antimicrobial fiber in the desired manner or with the desired density or depending on the antimicrobial effect to be achieved on one side or both sides of a textile and the antimicrobial acting fiber attach a second fiber , which has another function, such as the removal of moisture, and thus improves the comfort of the textile.

The invention is based on the finding, backed up by tests, that even with the admixture of a second fiber which is not or less antimicrobially active, the antimicrobial or germicidal or germ growth inhibiting effect of the textile is completely preserved by the antimicrobial active fiber by the special measures according to the invention remains. The special structure of the textile and the special manufacturing process for the textile ensures that, at least in sections, essentially only at the active side of the textile, which is the inside or the skin-facing side of the textile or a garment or garments made of the textile Surface of the antimicrobial fiber and / or at least partially always occur both surfaces of the antimicrobial fiber and surfaces of the non or less antimicrobial fiber of the textile, which are directly opposite the skin. In this way, the antimicrobial fiber can act on the skin surface and at the same time increase the second non or less antimicrobial fiber comfort and / or positively influence the textile functionality. The higher the proportion of antimicrobially acting fibers directly opposite the skin, the better is the antimicrobial effect as a rule.

According to variants of the invention, when the textile is worn at least in sections, essentially only surfaces of the antimicrobial fiber, in particular by a corresponding upstream or protruding arrangement of the antimicrobial fiber, come into contact with the skin or against the skin. According to further variants of the invention, when the textile is worn, at least some surfaces of the antimicrobial fiber and also surfaces of the non-antimicrobial or less antimicrobial fiber on the skin come into contact or come into contact with the skin. This contact of the antimicrobial fiber or both fibers with the skin is preferably ensured even with different elongation of the textile.

In particular, the fiber which has no or less antimicrobial action can facilitate removal of the skin sweat, on the one hand by the free spaces or interruptions in the antimicrobial surface created by the non-or less antimicrobial fiber compared to the prior art and, on the other hand, if the second , no or less antimicrobial fiber has the ability to absorb and dissipate moisture. As a result, the comfort of the textile is significantly improved, as it always feels pleasantly warm and dry. In addition, a positive side effect may be that the removal of moisture from the skin surface also reduces unwanted oxidation or other chemical reaction of the antimicrobial fiber or the antimicrobial substance acting therefrom with the body perspiration.

The fiber, which does not act on antimicrobial or less, can also assume other or further functions, for example influencing the elasticity of the textile. In addition, the textile according to the invention can comprise a multiplicity of further non-or less antimicrobial fibers which impart various properties such as colors, patterns, elasticity, water resistance or other functionalities to the textile as a whole, the active side or the other side. It is also within the meaning of the invention to provide the textile with more than one type of antimicrobially active fibers. This could possibly increase the effectiveness or also complement another function.

In the process for producing a textile according to the invention, at least one fiber, and in particular at least partially antimicrobial, and at least one other, non-or less antimicrobial, in particular non-metallic, fiber are at least partially coated with each other in plating and / or entangled in turnplate or forfeited that at least on one side of the fabric at least partially substantially only the antimicrobial fiber appears and / or at least partially both of the at least two different fibers appear, wherein at least a portion of the mesh of the knitted or knitted fabric comprises the at least two fibers.

In one embodiment of the textile according to the invention, the at least two fibers in the textile are present substantially directly next to one another and / or the at least one non or less antimicrobial fiber and the at least one antimicrobial fiber are at least partially superimposed on one another. This means in particular that the fibers are processed substantially simultaneously. In this case, an arrangement may arise in which the non or less antimicrobial fiber forms the basis of the textile and the antimicrobial fiber partially rests on this or vice versa.

According to one embodiment of the invention, if at least some of the two at least two different fibers appear on one side of the textile, the at least one antimicrobial fiber predominantly exists on a side of the textile facing the skin. It may then preferably predominantly only the at least one antimicrobial fiber when wearing or placing the textile at least partially rest on the skin or alternatively or additionally, the at least one non or less antimicrobial fiber. In this case, the advantages already described above, in particular the high wearing comfort, can be achieved, wherein on the side facing away from the skin of the textile, the antimicrobial fiber is not or only partially visible.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the at least one antimicrobial fiber and the at least one non or less antimicrobial fiber have different fiber strengths and / or a different Have stretch in the textile. Thus, for example, it can be ensured that both fibers, even if they overlap each other, appear at the same time on one side of the textile, whether in the unstretched state or even in the stretched state.

The proportion of the antimicrobial fiber in the textile is between 18% by weight (mass or weight percent) and 80% by weight (as the proportion of the antimicrobial fiber in the total weight or in the total weight of the textile), preferably 18-23% by weight. %. This proportion may depend on the structure or nature of the textile. It is always advantageous if a sufficient proportion of the antimicrobial fiber is present on the resting on the skin side of the textile. Preferably, the antimicrobial fiber is homogeneously distributed throughout the textile so that the antimicrobial effect occurs substantially at any point on the preferred active side. However, it may also be advantageous to equip only certain points or sections in the textile with the antimicrobial effective fiber or a specific density of the antimicrobial fiber, for example to create targeted active surfaces or to save costs.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one antimicrobial fiber is coated or impregnated with an antimicrobial chemical or biological substance. The at least one antimicrobial fiber may also be at least partially metallic fiber. However, it is also possible to use one or more other known antimicrobial substances in fiber form or on a fiber.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one antimicrobial fiber is a plastic fiber, a natural fiber or a mixed fiber with Metallbescbichtung or metal-containing coating. The plastic or plastic carrier or core of the plastic fiber is preferably a polyester, polyamide, viscose, polypropylene, nylon or acrylic fiber. The natural fiber may in particular be a cellulose fiber or a cotton fiber or a wool fiber. The mixed fiber may contain one or more of the aforementioned materials. A fiber with metal coating or metal-containing coating can be processed very well in various processes.

However, it can also be advantageous if at least one antimicrobial fiber is a metal fiber or a metal-containing fiber, ie the fiber consists entirely of a metal or a metal compound or alloy. In this case, the antimicrobial effect can not be lost by damage to the surface.

At least one antimicrobial fiber, in particular the metallic fiber and / or its metallic or metal-containing coating, preferably contain or contain elemental silver and / or elemental copper and / or elemental gold and / or compounds or alloys of the aforementioned metals. Silver ions, gold ions and also copper ions are known for their antimicrobial effect. However, other metals, compounds or alloys having the desired properties may also be used. The metal content of the antimicrobial fiber is preferably between 10% by weight or (% by weight) and 100% by weight (proportion of the metal in the total weight or in the total mass of the fiber), preferably between 20% by weight and 80% by weight. %.

According to one embodiment of the textile, the at least one non-or less antimicrobial (second) fiber is a natural fiber, in particular a cellulose fiber, preferably a modal fiber, or a cotton fiber or a wool fiber, but can also be a plastic fiber, preferably a polyester, polyamide, viscose -, polypropylene, nylon or acrylic fiber, or a mixed fiber. The mixed fiber may contain one or more of the aforementioned materials, for example a wool-viscose, wool-acrylic or wool-cotton-fiber, etc. Essentially, all fiber types available on the market can be used.

According to a variant of the invention, the textile is designed as a right-right knit, as a right-left knit or as a left-and-left knit, wherein preferably at least a part of the stitches comprises the at least two fibers. In this case, the antimicrobial fiber can be distributed homogeneously in the fabric by being entangled in each mesh with the non-or less antimicrobial fiber. However, it can also be advantageous if each stitch of the knitted fabric comprises at least one non-or less antimicrobial wetting fiber and every x-th mesh of the trick comprises at least one non or less antimicrobial fiber and at least one antimicrobial fiber, or if at least each stitch of the knitted fabric an antimicrobial fiber and each y-th mesh of the gadgetry comprises at least one antimicrobial fiber and at least one non or less antimicrobial fiber. That is, either the non or less antimicrobial fiber forms the base of the knit, and the antimicrobial fiber is tapered or irregularly interlaced or otherwise turned. Which execution. form is preferred, may depend on the particular Fasexstärke or ductility or on the desired functionality. Furthermore, it can be particularly advantageous if at least one further non-acting or less antimicrobial fiber, in particular one or more fibers of different color, is or are knitted to produce a pattern.

The textile is preferably used for making chalk or laundry which comes into contact with the skin, in particular bed linen or outer clothing or underwear.

FIG 1

plattierte Maschen eines erfindungsgemäßen Gestricks,

FIG 2

einen plattierten Maschenverband,

FIG 3

einen Plattierfadenführer,

FIG 4

ein plattierte Maschen aufweisendes plattiertes Gestrick und

FIG 5, 6

Aufnahmen eines Rasterelektronenmikroskops, die die Lage der Fasern eines wendeplattierten Gestricks verdeutlichen.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying schematic drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

clad meshes of a knitted fabric according to the invention,

FIG. 2

a plated mesh,

FIG. 3

a plating yarn guide,

FIG. 4

a plated stitched clad knitted fabric and

FIG. 5, 6

Images of a scanning electron microscope, which illustrate the position of the fibers of a reversible knitted fabric.

Corresponding parts and sizes are in the 1 to 6 provided with the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1 are shown meshes of a right-left clad knitted fabric according to the invention. The antimicrobial fiber 1 used is preferably a silver-coated polyamide fiber (dtx 78). The adhesion of silver to polyamide has proven to be particularly good. The silver content of the fiber 1 is in the exemplary embodiment about 20 wt .-%, which while keeping the costs low, but still develops a sufficient antimicrobial effect. However, the gravimetric or mass fraction of silver in the fiber 1 may generally vary from 10% by weight to 100% by weight. The second fiber 2 is a non-or less antimicrobial fiber, preferably a cellulose fiber, in particular a micromodal fiber (Nm 100/1), because of its good moisture removal. However, it is also possible to use a viscose / wool mixed fiber or a fiber made of another suitable material or a suitable combination of materials, in particular a fiber which likewise has good absorption and permeability to moisture and steam, in particular skin or body perspiration.

The silver-coated fiber 1 is homogeneously distributed over the textile. In the present textile, each of the meshes 3, 4 comprises both the silver-coated fiber 1 and the cellulose fiber 2. The largest surface has the silver-coated fiber 1 on the side of the knitted fabric potentially facing the skin surface, here referred to as the inner side or active side 5, here in the right stitch 3, the silver-coated fiber 1 on top On the other side of the knitted fabric, here denominated as outer side 6, the cellulose fiber or micromodal fiber 2 overlies the left-hand stitch 4 (cf. FIG. 1 ). Accordingly, when wearing the knitted fabric, essentially only the silver-coated fiber 1 can rest against the skin.

In FIG. 2 By way of illustration, a larger mesh of the right-left clad knitted fabric is delivered. In FIG. 3 a plating yarn guide is shown, with which the right-left-clad knitted fabric of the present embodiment can be produced The silver-coated fiber 1 is guided with the Plattierfadenführer 10 substantially parallel to the micromodal fiber 2. With the indicated knitting needle 11, the respective stitches are generated.

A stitch according to FIG. 1 respectively. FIG. 2 having right-left clad knitted fabric is in FIG. 4 shown, in which on the brighter active side substantially only the antimicrobial fiber appears optically and comes to rest on the skin, although the non-or less antimicrobial fiber is present, but is superimposed by the antimicrobial fiber.

FIG. 5 shows a scanning electron microscope photograph of the inside 5 of a right-right turn-coated knitted fabric. A right-hand stitch forms a mesh 7 of silver-coated fiber, another right-hand stitch forms a micromodal fiber mesh 8. The reference numeral 9 is a right-hand stitch having both a silver-coated fiber and a micromodal fiber. FIG. 6 shows the same section again in reflection technique. The mesh 7 made of silver-coated fiber appears darker in this image than the micromodal fiber mesh 8. In the case of the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 As shown, both antimicrobial and non-or less antimicrobial fibers are present on the skin.

The fibers 1, 2 may be processed or knit into a right-right, right-left, or left-left-clad knit using a plating and / or insert plating machine.

If essentially only an antimicrobial fiber is to appear on the active side of a textile, it is possible to produce a clad knitted fabric in which, for example, all meshes have an antimicrobial fiber and a fiber which has no or less antimicrobial action (cf. FIG. 1 ) or in which all meshes have an antimicrobial fiber and every y-th mesh has an antimicrobial fiber and a fiber which has no or less antimicrobial action. The antimicrobial fiber effectively superimposes the non or less antimicrobial fiber.

If both an antimicrobial fiber and a non-or less antimicrobial fiber appear on the active side of a textile, this can be achieved by plating or turning-cladding. For example, in plating, each mesh will have a non-microbial fiber, and each x-th mesh will have a no or less antimicrobial fiber and an antimicrobial fiber. The antimicrobial fiber effectively superimposes the non or less antimicrobial fiber. Turn-on plating involves the appearance of the antimicrobial fiber on both sides of the textile, as well as the non-or less antimicrobial fiber that alternates directly or in a desired shape.

The density of the antimicrobial fiber in the textile depends on which or how many meshes have the antimicrobial fiber alone or in superposition of the non or less antimicrobial fiber.

Furthermore, mixed forms are possible. So can one. Alternatively or additionally, fabrics may comprise higher and lower density clad or reversed sections of marshes comprising the antimicrobial fiber.

Incidentally, the invention is not limited to knitted fabrics. The fibers can also be forfeited together.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Silver coated fiber

2

Mikromodalfaser

3

right stitch

4

left stitch

5

Inside of the textile

6

Outside of the textile

7

Mesh made of silver-coated fiber

8th

Mikromodalfasermasche

9

Mesh with silver-coated fiber and micromodal fiber

10

Plating

11

knitting needle

Claims (12)

1. Item of clothing or item of laundry having an active side which faces the skin, the item of clothing or item of laundry being made from a fabric

   a) comprising at least two different fibers,

   b) of which the at least one fiber is a fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) and

   c) the at least other fiber is a fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2),

   d) the fabric being executed at least partly as a plaited and/or reverse-plaited knitted fabric, and

   e) wherein at least some of the stitches of the knitted fabric comprise the at least two fibers, characterized in that at least on the active side of the item of clothing or item of laundry and at least in sections, substantially only the fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) appears, and substantially only surfaces of the fiber having an antimicrobial action come into contact with the skin when the item of clothing or item of laundry is worn

   and/or
   both of the at least two different fibers (1,2) appear at least in sections, and surfaces of the fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) as well as surfaces of the fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) come into contact with the skin when the item of clothing or item of laundry is worn.
2. The item of clothing or item of laundry of claim 1 wherein the at least two fibers (1, 2) occur in the fabric lying substantially immediately adjacent to one another and/or the at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) and the at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) are at least partly overlaid on one another.
3. The item of clothing or item of laundry of claim 1 or 2 wherein, when both of the at least two different fibers (1,2) appear at least in sections on one side of the textile, the at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) is predominantly present on the active side of the textile which faces the skin when worn.
4. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) and at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) comprise different fiber thicknesses and/or a different elongation in the fabric.
5. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims whereby the proportion of fiber(s) having an antimicrobial action (1) in the fabric is between 18 and 80 %wt.
6. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) is coated or impregnated with an antimicrobially active chemical or biological substance.
7. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims,
   wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action is at least partly metallic fiber or
   wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) is a metal fiber or a fiber containing metal, or
   wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) is a plastic fiber, preferably a polyester, polyamide, viscose, polypropylene, nylon or acrylic fiber, or a natural fiber, in particular a cellulose fiber, preferably a modal fiber, or a cotton fiber or a wool fiber, or a blended fiber, having a metal coating or a coating containing metal, or
   wherein at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) contains elemental silver and/or elemental copper and/or elemental gold and/or compounds or alloys of the aforesaid metals.
8. The item of clothing or item of laundry of claim 7 wherein the proportion of metal in the fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) is between 10 %wt and 100 %wt, preferably between 20 %wt and 80 %wt.
9. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) is a plastic fiber, preferably a polyester, polyamide, viscose, polypropylene, nylon or acrylic fiber, or a natural fiber, in particular a cellulose fiber or a cotton fiber or a wool fiber and/or a blended fiber, and/or wherein at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) has the ability to absorb and conduct moisture and/or facilitates a removal of perspiration.
10. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims which is produced as a right-to-right knit, as a right-to-left knit or as a left-to-left knit.
11. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims wherein each stitch comprises at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) and each x-th stitch comprises at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) and at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) or
    wherein each stitch comprises at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1) and each y-th stitch of the knit comprises at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action and at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (1) and/or
    wherein stitches comprise only at least one fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2) and stitches comprise only at least one fiber having an antimicrobial action (1).
12. The item of clothing or item of laundry of any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one further fiber with no or with a reduced antimicrobial action (2), in particular one or a plurality of fibers of different colours, is incorporated.

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