EP1781124B1 - Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet - Google Patents

Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1781124B1
EP1781124B1 EP05776413A EP05776413A EP1781124B1 EP 1781124 B1 EP1781124 B1 EP 1781124B1 EP 05776413 A EP05776413 A EP 05776413A EP 05776413 A EP05776413 A EP 05776413A EP 1781124 B1 EP1781124 B1 EP 1781124B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
binder
tobacco
cigarette
alginate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05776413A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1781124A2 (en
Inventor
Joseph T. Wanna
Douglas R. Privadas Suchiate No. 893-1 HICKS
Jr. Luis Monsalud
John-Paul Mua
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Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
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Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc filed Critical Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Priority to PL05776413T priority Critical patent/PL1781124T3/pl
Publication of EP1781124A2 publication Critical patent/EP1781124A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1781124B1 publication Critical patent/EP1781124B1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A24D1/025—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers the covers having material applied to defined areas, e.g. bands for reducing the ignition propensity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A24B15/14—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco made of tobacco and a binding agent not derived from tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/005—Treatment of cigarette paper

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for making a reconstituted tobacco sheet and more particularly to a process for making a reconstituted tobacco sheet including a flavoring compound contained in a gel matrix within the reconstituted tobacco sheet and even more particularly to a paper process for making a reconstituted tobacco sheet including an alginate based compound.
  • reconstituted tobacco In the manufacturing of smoking articles and particularly cigarettes, it is common to use in the tobacco blend a percentage of strips of reconstituted tobacco.
  • the reconstituted tobacco is generally prepared from tobacco fines, veins, stems and other waste tobacco products which are further processed and formed into sheets, cut into strips and blended in with fresh cut tobacco.
  • the amount of reconstituted tobacco used in a tobacco blend for a smoking article varies, but is generally less than 20%.
  • reconstituted tobacco sheets made via the paper process are absent of additional binders, such as alginate, guar, xanthan, acacia, pectin, other gums, and modified cellulose compounds.
  • An embodiment of the invention described hereinafter provides a reconstituted tobacco sheet which includes up to about 80% by weight of tobacco; up to about 80% by weight of wood pulp, preferably up to about 60% by weight of wood pulp; up to about 30% by weight of a binder (e.g. alginate, guar, xanthan, acacia, pectin, other gums, and modified cellulose compounds), preferably up to about 20% by weight of a binder; and up to about 30% by weight of flavouring compounds, preferably about 3% to about 5% by weight of flavouring compounds.
  • a binder e.g. alginate, guar, xanthan, acacia, pectin, other gums, and modified cellulose compounds
  • Embodiments of the present invention provides a process for making a reconstituted tobacco sheet having a binder applied to the sheet to decrease sheet porosity, thereby lowering ignition propensity and cigarette burn rate.
  • the binder may be alginate, guar, xanthum, acacia, pectin, other gums, and modified cellulose compounds.
  • the resulting tobacco sheet with the applied binder is cut into lengths of preselected widths for use in a smoking article.
  • the strips are positioned longitudinally of the tobacco rod between the tobacco rod and an outer cigarette or smoking article wrapper.
  • a cigarette with burn rate modification is shown in Figure 1 and may be described as a partial double wrap cigarette 10.
  • the partial double wrap cigarette 10 of the present invention incorporates a standard column of tobacco 13 which extends from an exposed end to the filter 15. Circumscribing the tobacco column 13 is the outer wrap of the cigarette paper 12. Interior of the outer wrap cigarette paper 12 is a separate partial inner wrap layer or strip 14a and 14b.
  • the separate partial inner wrap layer 14a and 14b acts as a burn rate modifier for the tobacco column 13 by altering the burn characteristics ofthe cigarette 10.
  • the inner wrap layer strips may be co-axial to the tobacco column 13 and may extend substantially the length of the tobacco column from the exposed end to the filter 15.
  • the burn rate of the cigarette By insertion of the separate partial inner wrap layer 14a and 14b which in this embodiment extends co-axial to the tobacco column 13, modification may be made to the burn rate of the cigarette in such a manner that the burn rate may be adjusted depending upon the packing density of the tobacco, porosity of the outer wrap paper 12 and additives to the outer wrap, width of the separate partial inner wrap layer 14a and 14b, porosity of the inner wrap layers 14a and 14b, and additives to the inner wrap strips.
  • the inner wrap layer may be shortened to not extend the full length of the tobacco column 13 or may extend in varying directions. Thus, many alterations to the burn rate of the partial double wrap cigarette 10 of the present invention may be established based upon the combination of factors noted herein, among others.
  • the partial double wrap cigarette 10 of the present invention which has a modified burn rate characteristic incorporates an outer wrap paper 12 with a first and a second separate partial inner wrap strip 14a and 14b.
  • the outer wrap cigarette paper 12 maybe a normal porosity paper which typically exhibit a porosity of 15-80 CORESTA units.
  • In combination with the outer wrap cigarette paper 12 is positioned at least one partial inner wrap layer which can modify the burn rate characteristics of the cigarette 10.
  • a first and a second partial inner wrap layer 14a and 14b are provided on opposite sides of the tobacco column 13.
  • the partial inner wrap strips 14a and 14b may substantially extend and be co-axial with the tobacco column 13 to the filter 15.
  • the partial inner wrap layers 14a and 14b extend from end to end of the tobacco column 13 and may be positioned such that they are either equal distant from each other or may be placed in alternative positions based upon the desired burn rate characteristics.
  • the partial double wrap cigarette 10 of the present invention has alternating high diffusion areas 21 and low diffusion areas 22 based upon the placement of the inner wrap layers or strips 14a and 14b.
  • the high diffusion areas 21 of which there is at least one allow for increased permeation of CO and oxygen gases through the barrier formed by the outer wrap 12 while maintaining normal deliveries.
  • low diffusion areas 22 which are defined by the circumferential extent of each of the partial inner wrap layers 14a and 14b may potentially block a significant portion or all of the inflow and outflow of gases therethrough related directly to the porosity of the inner wrap layer 14a and 14b in combination with the outer wrap layer 12.
  • the co-linear zones of high diffusion area 21 and low diffusion area 22 may exhibit a porosity of greater than 14 CORESTA for the co-linear high diffusion areas and less than 8 CORESTA for the co-linear low diffusion areas.
  • the construction of the cigarette with burn rate modification is a partial double wrap cigarette 10 depicted herein and utilizes a standard outer wrap cigarette paper 12 which, in a typical cigarette, is 27mm wide. Placed along the interior of the outer wrap, as shown in Figure 2 and in Figure 4 in an alternative embodiment, is located the separate partial inner wrap layer 14a and 14b which may substantially extend along the length of the outer wrap 12. While the outer wrap of the cigarette paper may be standard porosity and construction, the partial inner wrap of this embodiment has a first and a second strip 14a and 14b each of which may be 4mm in width and which may have a porosity of less than 8 CORESTA units.
  • the two inner wrap layers or strips 14a and 14b may circumscribe about 8mm of the circumference of the partial double wrap cigarette 10 of the present invention but may extend around a circumference of up to 15 mm of the tobacco column in relation to a standard cigarette dimension.
  • Any combination of the partial inner wrap and outer wrap may work depending on the variables noted, such as porosity of each paper, but it is felt that good burn rate characteristics as well as limited effects to smoke characteristics and flavor may be achieved by incorporating an inner wrap which covers less than about 75% or preferably less than about 60% and even more preferably less than about 35% of the circumference of the outer wrap. This is a function of the overall cigarette and may vary depending on the circumference of the outer wrap. However, variations are available to achieve the same favorable results utilizing the inventive aspects of the present design and such descriptions are not felt to be limiting and are exemplary only.
  • a single inner wrap layer or a plurality of inner wrap layers may be provided based upon the desired characteristics and burn rate modification.
  • combinations of low porosity inner wrap segments and higher porosity outer wrap segments may be utilized to provide various linear burn rates which may be desirable.
  • a typical linear burn rate of 6.0mm per minute may be reduced as desired based upon a combination of porosity of outer wrap and partial inner wrap strips among other factors and may readily be reduced to below 4 mm/minute if needed.
  • the inner wrap strips are coated with binders, such as alginates (e.g., sodium alginate), guar, xanthum, acacia, pectin, other gums, modified cellulose compounds or hydrocolloid-based compounds, which act as burn modifiers or inhibitors and which create at least one low diffusion area along the tobacco column.
  • the binders decrease the porosity of the coated reconstituted tobacco sheet, which are used as inner strips, and provide adequate characteristics such that the entire combination of outer wrap porosity, tobacco packing density, inner strip burning characteristics, inner strip porosity, and other factors cause the cigarette to exhibit a desired burn rate.
  • the opened standard outer wrap 12 is lined with a plurality of inner wrap or inner layer strips 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d. These strips may be placed equidistantly apart along the interior of the outer wrap 12 and positioned away from the edges or seam where the outer wrap is adhered to itself during rolling within the garniture of the cigarette maker. As depicted, the strips 16a-16d may all be fed into the garniture and incorporated on the interior of the outer wrap adjacent the tobacco column. Placement of the partial inner wrap strips coated witch an alginate based compound modifies the burn rate to a desired level such that the rate may be decreased sufficiently to cause either a significantly reduced static burn rate or self-extinguishment at a desired interval.
  • an inner layer with non-linear sides 17 as compared to the edges of the outer wrap 12 may be utilized as the partial inner wrap in order to create the low porosity zone.
  • the inner wrap layer 17 may have be a wave form so that the placement of the low porosity zone changes in position along the tobacco column axis.
  • Such non-linear placement of the low porosity zone may allow for different positioning of the cigarette during static burn and insure that the desired static burn rate takes effect regardless of the position of the cigarette.
  • FIG. 6 Depicted in Figure 6 is another embodiment of the cigarette with burn rate modification of the present invention.
  • a high diffusion area 21 and low diffusion area 22 is defined by addition of a partial double wrap inner wrap layer 18 which circumscribes a portion of the tobacco column 13 on the interior of outer wrap 12.
  • the partial inner wrap layer 18, as depicted in the Figure 6 extends approximately half way around the perimeter of the tobacco column 13.
  • many different configurations may be utilized in order to achieve the appropriate linear burn rate through the burn rate modification set forth.
  • the partial double wrap inner wrap layer 18 may be comprised of standard cigarette paper which has a low porosity ofless than 7 CORESTA units or cigarette paper coated with burn rate modifiers, or may be alternative construction such as a reconstituted tobacco sheet with or without additives and which typically has a low CORESTA unit value, typically less than 5 and more preferably less than 3.
  • a secondary benefit of utilizing reconstituted or reconstituted tobacco sheets as the partial double wrap inner wrap layer 18 is that the coloring of the inner wrap may be such that it is similar to the tobacco column 13 and does not provide a contrasting whitened area which extends along the low diffusion area 22. Additionally, a polymer film or other material may be used as the partial double wrap inner wrap layer 18.
  • the partial double wrap inner layer displayed in Figure 6 may be 2-14 mm in width or alternatively, less than 75% ofthe circumference ofthe outer wrap in order to obtain the appropriate burn rate modification desired wherein the linear burn rate is sustained at a low enough level, preferably below 4.0 mm per minute.
  • a plurality ofinner wrap strips 19 are utilized substantially surrounding the tobacco column 13 on the interior of the outer wrap 12.
  • the plurality of inner wrap strips 19 may be fed into the garniture adjacent the outer wrap 12 and encircling the tobacco column 13 as it is formed within the cigarette maker.
  • the plurality of strips 19 may be comprised of a low porosity cigarette paper individually fed into the cigarette maker or by a single or multiple strips fed into the cigarette maker adjacent to the garniture and cut to the appropriate strip widths.
  • a plurality of inner wrap strips 19 are utilized and extend co-axially substantially along the length of the tobacco column 13.
  • the plurality of strips 19 extends along the entire tobacco column length such as to modify the burn rate along the entire tobacco column regardless of cigarette positioning. It is felt that by providing a plurality of strips 19 as depicted in Figure 7 , a more even modification of the burn rate of the cigarette may be produced.
  • extending the inner wrap layer substantially along the length ofthe tobacco column 13 such that they are co-axial provides a significant benefit over alternating rings which are perpendicular to the axis of the tobacco column 13.
  • Such perpendicular rings which alternate along the length of the tobacco column may provide a non-linear burn rate of the tobacco column 13.
  • the linear burn rate becomes variable between a low linear burn rate to a high linear burn rate depending upon the porosity of the paper at the point of the rings as opposed to the porosity of the non-adjusted paper between the rings.
  • Such non-linear burn rate may in fact be undesirable in that continued free burning ofthe tobacco column between the rings for significant periods of time does not produce an appropriate burn rate modification which can be depended upon through the entire tobacco column length.
  • a smoker may puff on the cigarette as the burning of the tobacco column passes over a low porosity ring.
  • the deliveries of the cigarette may be altered significantly to increase the CO and other compounds provided as the cigarette burns over one of these rings.
  • the partial double wrap inner layer of the present invention overcomes these problems by providing known standard deliveries over the entire length of the tobacco column while also modifying the burn rate along the entire co-axial length.
  • the inner wrap layers may be desirable to incorporate the inner wrap layers, whether a plurality of strips or a single layer, away from the seam of the outer wrap 12.
  • the seam 23, depicted in Figure 1 is formed by the maker by over-wrapping the side edges 24 of the outer wrap 12.
  • an adhesive is applied along one of the edges 24 prior to folding of the outer wrap and formation of the tobacco column 13.
  • the partial inner wrap layers are shown to be placed away from the side edges 24 so that the inner wrap portions will not interfere with the seam of the outer wrap 12 nor interfere with the formation of the tobacco column within the garniture in a typical cigarette manufacturing machine.
  • the cigarette with burn rate modification of the present invention may be implemented on standard cigarette making machines with only minor modifications made to the paper feeding devices and no modifications therefore will necessarily be required within the garniture.
  • the strips may be alternatively placed on the exterior of the cigarette and retained on the wrapper by adhesives or other means so that there are still formed co-linear zones of high and low porosity.
  • the cigarette with burn rate modification of the present invention may be designed with variations in outer wrap and inner wrap paper characteristics.
  • standard outer wrap designs are such that the typical outer wrap has a linear laid out width of 27mm and generally a porosity of between 15 and 80 CORESTA units.
  • significantly decreasing the outer wrap porosity changes the deliveries and linear burn rate of the cigarette.
  • Modification of the standard burn rate for a normal or typical cigarette may be obtained through addition of a partial inner wrap to the cigarette.
  • the partial inner wrap may be a single inner wrap portion or may be a plurality of inner wrap strips as shown in the various figures.
  • the partial inner wrap may have paper characteristics with a significantly reduced porosity such that the inner wrap paper exhibits a porosity of less than 8 CORESTA units If a single inner wrap strip is utilized, the inner wrap layer may have a width of between 2-15 mm The porosity of the inner wrap layer may be adjusted from any where to 0 to 8 CORESTA units.
  • the separate partial inner wrap strips 14 may be strips of reconstituted tobacco made in accordance with the specific formula and process for making same as discussed hereinafter.
  • the outer wrap cigarette paper 12 may be a normal porosity paper which typically exhibits a porosity of 15-80 CORESTA units.
  • two strips 14 of a reconstituted tobacco sheet are provided on opposite sides of the tobacco column 13 to provide a partial inner wrap layer.
  • the partial inner wrap layer including the reconstituted tobacco strips 14 may extend substantially the length of and be co-axial with the tobacco column 13. In one embodiment, the strips are placed equidistant from each other such that the resulting cigarette burns evenly.
  • Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating the modified reconstituted tobacco process for making split inner wraps.
  • tobacco particles such as tobacco fines, stems, scraps, cut lamina, shredded stems, or combinations thereof are slurried in an aqueous solvent, such as water, wherein the ratio is one part tobacco to 11-20 parts aqueous solvent.
  • the solution is extracted at about 160°F for about 30 minutes.
  • the solution is then separated into an extract with water soluble compounds and solid/fibrous portion via separation techniques known in the art, such as centrifugation or filtration.
  • the solid/fibrous portion is refined and mixed with over 10% wood pulp, made from wood fibers that have been refined to a pulp, and an optional second binder, such as alginate (e.g., sodium alginate), guar, xanthum, acacia, pectin, other gums, modified cellulose compounds, and hydrocolloid based compounds.
  • alginate e.g., sodium alginate
  • guar e.g., sodium alginate
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • xanthum e.g., guar
  • the extract meanwhile, can optionally be treated with particular adsorbents to selectively remove undesired constituents.
  • the extract is then centrifuged and the adsorbent now containing the constituents is discarded.
  • the extract is then concentrated.
  • a first binder such as alginate (e.g. sodium alginate), guar, xanthum, acacia, pectin, other gums, modified cellulose compounds, and hydrocolloid-based compounds is added to the extract.
  • a humectant such as glycerin, can be added for sheet pliability and is generally added before the binder and before any additional flavorant.
  • a desired flavoring can also be added to the extract.
  • a third binder mix solution such as alginate (e.g., sodium alginate), guar, xanthum, acacia, pectin, other gums, modified cellulose compounds, and hydrocolloid-based compounds, can be size pressed and/or sprayed onto the reconstituted tobacco sheet.
  • the reconstituted tobacco sheet can then be dried and slit into elongated strips of a desired width and wound onto a bobbin.
  • the elongated strips can be used as longitudinally extending strips along the outer periphery of a tobacco rod and the inner surface of an outer paper wrap.
  • the tobacco is up to about 80% by weight; the wood pulp is up to about 80% by weight, preferably up to about 60% by weight; the binder is up to about 30% by weight, preferably up to about 20% by weight; and, if a flavoring is added, the flavoring will be up to about 30% by weight, preferably from about 3% to about 5% by weight.
  • the liquid extract was concentrated by vacuum evaporation and mixed thoroughly with 60 pounds of glycerin.
  • an alginate solution was prepared by thoroughly dispersing 40 pounds of sodium alginate in 135 gallons ofwater.
  • the concentrated extract with glycerin was then thoroughly mixed with the alginate solution.
  • the liquid extract was gently agitated for 20 to 45 minutes with 75 pounds of a powdered solid adsorbent, such as bentonite (diatomaceous earth), carbon, cyclodextrin, cellulose acetate, or combinations thereof, to selectively remove nitrogen and other undesired components. After agitation, the adsorbent was separated and discarded from the extract via centrifugation. The extract was then concentrated and treated with glycerin and alginate as described above.
  • the solid stream was put through a refiner to fibrillate the fibers into a tobacco-wood pulp.
  • the pulp was then used to make base sheets over a Fourdriner paper machine wire and dried. Any of the two concentrated extracts as prepared above were then added back to the base sheets either via size pressing or spraying.
  • the finished sheet was finally dried and slit into strips and wound onto bobbins to be used as split inner wraps.
  • Sheets were prepared and slit as described in Example 2, except that the alginate solution was added directly to the base sheet, instead of being mixed with the concentrated extract. Also, 25 pounds of precipitated chalk or chitosan (inorganic or organic inert fillers) were added to the refined pulp mixture before making base sheet over the Fourdriner machine wire. Other inert fillers include liposan and combinations of chalk, chitosan, and liposan.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
EP05776413A 2004-07-30 2005-07-27 Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet Active EP1781124B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05776413T PL1781124T3 (pl) 2004-07-30 2005-07-27 Modyfikowany rekonstytuowany arkusz tytoniu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/909,040 US20050056294A1 (en) 2002-11-19 2004-07-30 Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet
PCT/US2005/026557 WO2006014995A2 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-27 Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1781124A2 EP1781124A2 (en) 2007-05-09
EP1781124B1 true EP1781124B1 (en) 2009-07-01

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EP05776413A Active EP1781124B1 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-27 Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet

Country Status (20)

Country Link
US (1) US20050056294A1 (es)
EP (1) EP1781124B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4465388B2 (es)
KR (1) KR100967471B1 (es)
CN (1) CN101065027B (es)
AR (2) AR050440A1 (es)
AT (1) ATE434948T1 (es)
AU (1) AU2005269438B2 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0513986A (es)
CA (1) CA2574826C (es)
DE (1) DE602005015228D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2329263T3 (es)
HK (1) HK1111317A1 (es)
HN (2) HN2005000403A (es)
MY (1) MY141759A (es)
PL (1) PL1781124T3 (es)
RU (1) RU2356458C2 (es)
UA (1) UA91025C2 (es)
WO (1) WO2006014995A2 (es)
ZA (1) ZA200700612B (es)

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