EP1776551A1 - Klimaanlage für ein kraftfahrzeug - Google Patents
Klimaanlage für ein kraftfahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP1776551A1 EP1776551A1 EP05770057A EP05770057A EP1776551A1 EP 1776551 A1 EP1776551 A1 EP 1776551A1 EP 05770057 A EP05770057 A EP 05770057A EP 05770057 A EP05770057 A EP 05770057A EP 1776551 A1 EP1776551 A1 EP 1776551A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- refrigerant
- fluid
- evaporator
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100495769 Caenorhabditis elegans che-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioning system for a motor vehicle for controlling the temperature of an air flow, which is preferably conducted into the interior of a motor vehicle.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating such an air conditioner.
- Such air conditioning systems have internal heat exchangers, in particular when CO 2 is used as the refrigerant, compressors being used, in particular for reasons of cost, which have a fixed displacement.
- the compressor is cyclically switched on and off, thus depending on the operating time, the necessary heat energy via an evaporator from the air flow, which is passed, for example, in the passenger compartment to dissipate. Due to the cyclical or acyclic switching on and off, however, no stepless - in particular continuous - power control is possible. Further, by this operation, for example, torque shocks are known, which are caused by the abrupt on and off and can lead to unwanted noise and increased wear.
- the temperature level of the air stream to be cooled can not be kept constant by this mode of operation, since the heat energy is dissipated differently, which ins ⁇ special disadvantages under the aspect of a comfortable interior air conditioning of a motor vehicle must be taken into account.
- the object of the present invention is now to at least partially improve the disadvantages known in the prior art and, in particular, to provide an improved power control of such an air conditioning system.
- the air conditioning system according to the invention in particular for a motor vehicle, has at least one compressor, a cooler, a further heat transfer device, at least one first flow device, which in particular is an expansion valve, and an evaporator. These individual components form at least part of a coolant circulation through which a fluid flows.
- the air conditioning system according to the invention is characterized in that, in addition to the at least one first flow device, at least one further flow device is provided, which changes the fluid in the flow direction downstream of the evaporator in its thermodynamic properties, such as pressure and / or temperature, before the compressor or the further heat transfer device is supplied.
- a refrigerant used for an air conditioner according to the invention as a fluid which is taken from a group which, for example, R744, R134A and the like.
- the refrigerant flows from the compressor to a cooler, then to an internal heat exchanger, subsequently to at least a first flow device and via an evaporator and the internal heat exchanger back to the compressor.
- an accumulator is provided in the flow direction downstream of the evaporator and in front of the compressor, which accumulator is in particular a refrigerant collector for the refrigerant.
- the flow device in particular the further flow device, is a controllable throttle. It is also in the sense of vor ⁇ underlying invention to use a throttle with fixed throttle cross-section.
- the further heat transfer device is preferably an internal heat exchanger (IWT), with which the refrigerant is cooled before entry into the first flow device by the returning refrigerant which has exited the evaporator. In return, the refrigerant flowing back to the compressor is heated.
- IWT internal heat exchanger
- the use of an internal heat exchanger serves in particular to increase the enthalpy difference of the refrigerant between evaporator inlet and outlet, whereby, inter alia, an increase in the efficiency of the air conditioning system can be achieved.
- a further flow device in particular reduces the pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet, whereby at this point the refrigerant density and thus the refrigerant mass flow in the refrigeration cycle can be reduced.
- the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system can furthermore be regulated as required. the.
- the exit steam content of the refrigerant after the evaporator is less than or equal to 1 in most load points.
- the refrigerant may also be in the form of superheated gas.
- the aforementioned further flow device is arranged in the flow direction downstream of the evaporator.
- the further flow device is also arranged downstream of the evaporator and substantially in front of the further heat transfer device. This includes in particular the arrangement in front of an accumulator.
- the further flow device is arranged downstream of the evaporator and the aforementioned accumulator, whereby in this arrangement, as in the aforementioned variants, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, the further flow device substantially before the further heat ⁇ Transmission device is arranged.
- the further flow device is combined with one of the other components of the air conditioning system.
- the further flow device can be combined with the evaporator, the accumulator and / or the further heat transfer device, in particular as a component, so that fewer individual components have to be assembled for the assembly of such an air conditioning system.
- a position which is locally separate or else also located in the inlet region of the inner heat transfer device is understood to mean essentially in front of the further heat transfer device.
- the air conditioning system according to the invention is divided into a low pressure and a Hochdruck ⁇ range for the refrigerant, wherein the high-pressure region substantially after the compressor and before the first flow device extends and the low pressure region between the first Strömungseinrich ⁇ device and the input is in the compressor.
- the further heat transfer device is flowed through both by the high-pressure region and by the low-pressure region of the refrigerant.
- the pressure of the refrigerant, in particular when using CO 2 as the refrigerant, in the low pressure range between 20 bar and 65 bar, preferably between 30 bar and 50 bar.
- the pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the air conditioning system according to the invention is between 40 bar and 150 bar, preferably between 50 bar and 133 bar, and particularly preferably between 55 and 130 bar.
- the pressure of the refrigerant in the low-pressure region through the at least one further flow device is between 0 bar and 25 bar, preferably between 3 bar and 15 bar, and particularly preferably between 5 bar and 10 bar is lowered.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for operating an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, which is characterized in that the refrigerant flow is released after heating the refrigerant in at least one evaporator in at least one further flow device before the refrigerant for heat transfer between the high-pressure and low-pressure region in the other cherries ⁇ transformer is passed.
- a third flow device is provided which the fluid after exiting the inner heat exchanger and before entering the compressor relaxed again.
- Fig. 1 the schematic structure of an air conditioner according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 shows the schematic structure of an air conditioning system according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows an enthalpy (h) / pressure (p) diagram for an air conditioning system according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 shows an enthalpy (h) / pressure (p) diagram for an air conditioning system according to FIG. 2;
- Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of an air conditioner according to the prior art. It occurs, according to the direction of the arrow, the refrigerant in a first heat exchanger 1, here a radiator, and gives the ambient air Um ⁇ (outside air of a motor vehicle), which flows through the radiator according to the arrows 2, 2 1 , heat. This heats the air from the inlet 2 to the outlet 2 "and cools the refrigerant from the inlet 3 to the outlet 3 1. This cooled refrigerant is passed through the high pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 4.
- a first heat exchanger 1 here a radiator
- Um ⁇ outside air of a motor vehicle
- the refrigerant becomes through the following expansion in the first flow device 5, here an expansion valve, cooled and lowered in the pressure level and subsequently fed to a second heat exchanger, in this case an evaporator 7, on the inlet side 6.
- a second heat exchanger in this case an evaporator 7, on the inlet side 6.
- the refrigerant can transmit the warm ambient air or the air flow (arrow 8, FIG. 8 '), which is conducted, for example, into the inner space of a motor vehicle, cool down.
- the enthalpy (h) / pressure (p) diagram associated with this cycle is shown in FIG.
- the enthalpy (h) is plotted on the abscissa
- the pressure (p) is plotted on the ordinate
- the isotherms are additionally indicated in the diagram.
- the refrigerant at point 31 leaves the refrigerant compressor with a high enthalpy and is supplied to the cooler. In this gas cooler, thermal energy is removed from the refrigerant, with the pressure remaining at a constant level in the main.
- the exit point of the refrigerant from the internal heat exchanger is indicated by the point 33 at which a low enthalpy level is given at high pressure.
- the refrigerant After exiting the inner nickelü ⁇ exchanger, the refrigerant is supplied to the first flow device and leaves this with a significantly lower pressure and a niedr ⁇ ren temperature at approximately the same enthalpy, as indicated by the point 34.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator, in which the enthalpy increases, and the refrigerant is discharged at a higher temperature. In this area, the cooling of the air into the vehicle interior takes place. After the exit of the fluid from the evaporator at point 35, the refrigerant is supplied to the low pressure side of the internal heat exchanger, thereby further increasing the enthalpy by the heat transfer between the high pressure side and the low side back refrigerant (point 36).
- the throttle arranged downstream of the inner heat exchanger reduces the pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure region, the refrigerant leaving the throttle in the state according to point 37.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor and experiences in this the temperature, enthalpy and pressure increase from point 37 to point 31.
- the flow device is arranged between the collector (accumulator) 9 of the refrigerant and the inner heat exchanger 4. It is also within the meaning of the present invention to arrange this throttle 10 'in front of the collector 9 and downstream of the evaporator 4, or else with a further throttle arranged according to the prior art after the internal heat exchanger and upstream of the compressor , to combine.
- the refrigerant is passed from the outlet to the compressor 11 to the radiator 1 and the inner heat exchanger 4 on the high pressure side.
- the refrigerant is expanded via an expansion valve 5 and fed to the evaporator 7.
- the evaporator there is a collector 9.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the throttle 10 '.
- This throttle 10 ' relaxes the refrigerant, which is in the two-phase range shown in the embodiment shown here before the refrigerant is passed with a lower pressure and temperature level, as is known in the art, in the inner heat exchanger on the Niederdruck ⁇ page , Following the internal heat exchanger, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 11.
- the present invention due to the lower pressure and due to the link between pressure and temperature in the wet steam region of the thus lower temperature of the refrigerant before entering the inner heat exchanger, a larger temperature gradient between the one hand on the high pressure side flowing refrigerant before the first flow means 5 and the refrigerant reaches the low pressure side after the throttle 10 ', whereby in particular the enthalpy of the exiting refrigerant is increased on the low pressure side and er ⁇ lowed on the high pressure side.
- the enthalpy of the refrigerant at the outlet of the internal heat exchanger on the low pressure side can increase over the prior art. This leads to a lower refrigerant density at the inlet of the refrigerant compressor, and thus at the same pressure ratio between the compressor inlet and outlet to a lower refrigerant mass flow. This can thus lead to a better efficiency of the refrigeration cycle.
- the enthalpy (h) / pressure (p) diagram of FIG. 4 represents the cycle with respect to the enthalpy, the pressure and the temperature for an air conditioner with a construction according to the invention.
- the refrigerant leaves the compressor with maximum enthalpy, pressure and temperature point 41 and is supplied to the radiator 1. Thermal energy is dissipated in this cooler, as a result of which the enthalpy is reduced, as shown by the point 42. Subsequent to the radiator, the refrigerant is supplied to the high-pressure side of the internal heat exchanger 4, whereby the enthalpy is further reduced and reaches a level according to item 43. In this case, thermal energy is delivered to the refrigerant, which flows through the inner heat exchanger on the low-pressure side.
- the refrigerant is then fed to the first flow device 5 and leaves it at approximately constant enthalpy at reduced pressure and temperature (point 44).
- the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 7, in which the enthalpy and temperature are increased at approximately constant pressure, that the air stream 8, 8 'thermal energy is dissipated.
- the refrigerant leaves the evaporator and according to the invention a throttle 10 'is supplied. This throttle further relaxes the refrigerant, reducing pressure and temperature while maintaining near-constant enthalpy. This area is shown in FIG. 4 with the arrow 40.
- the refrigerant leaves the throttle with the pressure and temperature level according to point 46 and is subsequently fed to the low-pressure side of the inner heat exchanger 4. Within the heat exchanger, the refrigerant continues to absorb thermal energy, which increases its enthalpy and temperature. In this state according to point 47, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor, which changes both the pressure, the enthalpy, and the temperature of the refrigerant according to the diagram from point 47 to point 41.
- the result of this arrangement of the further flow device in the present invention is that a greater difference in enthalpy between the evaporator inlet and outlet is available in the evaporator in order to cool the air stream conducted into the passenger compartment.
- the interior comfort is increased by a more uniform operation of the air conditioning system in comparison to an on / off control, wherein the possible stepless power control and the more even course of the drive torque can represent further advantages of the air conditioning system according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004032276A DE102004032276A1 (de) | 2004-07-02 | 2004-07-02 | Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2005/006978 WO2006002880A1 (de) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-06-29 | Klimaanlage für ein kraftfahrzeug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1776551A1 true EP1776551A1 (de) | 2007-04-25 |
Family
ID=35276973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05770057A Withdrawn EP1776551A1 (de) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-06-29 | Klimaanlage für ein kraftfahrzeug |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1776551A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004032276A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006002880A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005022513A1 (de) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kältemittelleitungen für Klimageräte |
| ITAN20110026A1 (it) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-24 | Rivacold S R L | Metodo ed impianto per realizzare un ciclo frigorifero utilizzando anidride carbonica. |
| JP2021134940A (ja) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-09-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2046894A (en) * | 1935-02-04 | 1936-07-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
| US2738652A (en) * | 1955-02-28 | 1956-03-20 | American Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
| US2863301A (en) * | 1956-03-02 | 1958-12-09 | American Motors Corp | Lubricant circulation in refrigerating apparatus |
| JPS5740423B2 (de) * | 1973-01-24 | 1982-08-27 | ||
| US3858407A (en) * | 1973-08-14 | 1975-01-07 | Virginia Chemicals Inc | Combination liquid trapping suction accumulator and evaporator pressure regulator device |
| US3955375A (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1976-05-11 | Virginia Chemicals Inc. | Combination liquid trapping suction accumulator and evaporator pressure regulator device including a capillary cartridge and heat exchanger |
| US4977751A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1990-12-18 | Thermo King Corporation | Refrigeration system having a modulation valve which also performs function of compressor throttling valve |
| JPH11193967A (ja) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Zexel:Kk | 冷凍サイクル |
| DE19832479A1 (de) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-27 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Mit CO¶2¶ betreibbare Klimaanlage |
| DE19832480A1 (de) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-27 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Mit CO¶2¶ betreibbare Klimaanlage für ein Fahrzeug |
| DE10225055A1 (de) * | 2002-06-06 | 2003-12-18 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| US6901763B2 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-06-07 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Refrigeration system |
| DE102004041251A1 (de) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-24 | Luk Fahrzeug-Hydraulik Gmbh & Co Kg | Kompressor oder Klimaanlage |
-
2004
- 2004-07-02 DE DE102004032276A patent/DE102004032276A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-06-29 EP EP05770057A patent/EP1776551A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-29 WO PCT/EP2005/006978 patent/WO2006002880A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006002880A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006002880A1 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
| DE102004032276A1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KEMLE, ANDREAS Inventor name: SCHAEFER, BERND Inventor name: TSCHEPPE, THOMAS |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
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