EP1767881A1 - Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1767881A1
EP1767881A1 EP06025994A EP06025994A EP1767881A1 EP 1767881 A1 EP1767881 A1 EP 1767881A1 EP 06025994 A EP06025994 A EP 06025994A EP 06025994 A EP06025994 A EP 06025994A EP 1767881 A1 EP1767881 A1 EP 1767881A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
domestic water
tapping
heat exchanger
secondary side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06025994A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1767881B1 (de
Inventor
Jens Faurschou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
APSH AF 1 MAJ 2000 APS
Original Assignee
APSH AF 1 MAJ 2000 APS
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Application filed by APSH AF 1 MAJ 2000 APS filed Critical APSH AF 1 MAJ 2000 APS
Publication of EP1767881A1 publication Critical patent/EP1767881A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1767881B1 publication Critical patent/EP1767881B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
    • F24H1/52—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating heat exchangers for domestic water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0073—Arrangements for preventing the occurrence or proliferation of microorganisms in the water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of heating domestic water in a water heater having a heat exchanger whose primary side is supplied with hot water, and whose secondary side is supplied with colder water.
  • the bacterial growth may cause diseases, and where legionella occurs, there is a risk of legionnaire's disease.
  • This disease is a bronchial infection, which may be lethal when it occurs at hospitals, etc. with immunocompromised patients.
  • the factors having the greatest influence on the bacterial growth in the water are the temperature, the residence time of the water in the piping and the area of the internal surfaces.
  • the bacterial growth takes place particularly at temperatures between 20° and 50°C, with long residence times and large surfaces.
  • the traditional way of obviating the risk of bacterial growth is to maintain a relatively high water temperature, or discharging all the heated water in the container and optionally flushing out formations of slime, as needed.
  • EP 621 450 A2 discloses a water heating system for heating domestic water through a heat exchanger having a water supply via a buffer container.
  • This buffer container is necessary where the source of heating is limited such as in solar heating systems.
  • circulation for the domestic water is provided for.
  • the circulation line there will always be a temperature of about 40°C , precisely the temperature which is the optimum temperature for the multiplication of legionella bacteria. Since the circulation line has a length at least corresponding to twice the distance between the exchanger and the tapping point, this means that a relatively large amount of water, which must constantly be kept heated to about 40°C , will constitute a considerable danger of infection. It should be recalled in this connection that the bacterial growth is at least doubled every two hours under these conditions.
  • the installation may therefore be made so compact and the piping so direct that a high water rate, low supply pipe temperature and return pipe temperature as well as minimum storage of stagnant water may be achieved. In addition to low costs of installation, this also results in a low consumption of energy.
  • the heating takes place when the tapping is initiated, and it takes place right up at the actual tapping point. This provides the greatest possible certainty that the water does not contain the feared legionella bacteria.
  • the secondary side of the heat exchanger is flushed with the cool domestic water immediately after the tapping is terminated, a particularly efficient cooling of the secondary side and a further reducing of the possibility of growing of legionella bacteria is achieved.
  • the flushing water is preferably led out directly to the sewers through an extra magnet valve, which is open during flushing and closed during normal tapping.
  • the normal tapping valve is closed during flushing and only opens during tapping.
  • the example of an embodiment of a water heater 1 shown in the drawing is constructed on a rear plate 3, which may be secured to the wall right above the tapping point so that the tapped water 18 leaves the water heater through the outlet line 17 directly and not through valves, outlet spouts and the like.
  • the hot medium 5 which may either be district heating system water or an existing hot water supply, is fed to the primary side of the heat exchanger 4 through a stub 6, a pipe 15 and a magnet valve 12.
  • Fresh domestic water 7 is fed to the secondary side of the exchanger 4 through a stub 8 and a regulator 9.
  • the regulator 9 is preferably of the type which is described in Danish Utility Model Registration No. 2000 00320 .
  • the tapping of the heated domestic water 18 from the secondary side of the exchanger 4 takes place via a temperature sensor 13, which is connected with the regulator 9 via a capillary pipe 14 and with a magnet valve 11 inserted in the outline line 17.
  • the heated and now cooled medium is discharged from the primary side of the exchanger 4 through the regulator 9 to an outlet line, as illustrated by the arrow 16.
  • a switch 19 switches on the current to the water heater, including the magnet valves 11, 12, and a microprocessor (not shown) and various control lamps 20 on the front of the cabinet 2. Finally, a water temperature regulator 10 is provided on the regulator 9 for determining the temperature of the hot domestic water 18.
  • the regulator 9 and the valves 11, 12 are made of materials approved for drinking water.
  • the exchanger 4 is preferably soldered of pure copper or silver, and the exchanger is preferably made of acid-proof stainless steel AISI 316.
  • the exchanger and the pipes may be cleaned and be supplied with chlorine in a reasonably high concentration without corrosion and are made with a minimum pipe dimension and exchanger size, such that, at each tapping, there is a strong flow and great replacement of the water with a predetermined quantity, temperature and time, which in turn results in a less favourable environment for the formation of bio films, protozoans and thereby multiplication of the legionella bacteria.
  • the exchanger 4 may be flushed automatically solely as far as the domestic water is concerned x-number of times/time/days, so that the limited amount of stagnant domestic water in the exchanger is replaced according to the concrete need, which depends on concrete multiplication conditions for the legionella bacteria.
  • the temperature of the stagnant domestic water must be lower than 20 °C or higher than 50-60 °C to prevent multiplication of the legionella bacteria.
  • the exchanger 4 which, as mentioned, is soldered with pure copper or silver, releases copper or silver ions to the stagnant water in the exchanger 4 to a minimum extent, which can also contribute to restricting the multiplication environment of the bacterium and reducing the number of bacteria.
  • District heating system water 5 is usually used for heating the primary side of the exchanger, but, according to the invention, it is also possible to use the domestic water on the secondary side, which has already been heated to 50 °C, and which is present in the existing hot water piping, as the heating medium.
  • This heating method may provide domestic water of 40-45 °C°. Precipitation of lime and scalding, e.g., are avoided hereby.
  • the water heater 1 may merely be mounted directly above - and still use - e.g. the existing wash basin and be connected with the existing hot water tap as a heating medium source irrespective of the content of legionella bacteria. This simplifies and reduces the costs of the installation.
  • One, two or more magnet valves 11, 12 are mounted on the system. Basically, one on the secondary side and one on the primary side, which are controlled by a microprocessor separately and independently.
  • the magnet valve 11 On the domestic water side, the magnet valve 11 is provided with a pressure-controlled regulator 9 - also for reasons of safety. In those cases where just a magnet valve is mounted, and the magnet valve perhaps fails e.g. because of impurities or other faults, the domestic water will undesirably continue to flow in such cases.
  • the pressure-controlled regulator 9 becomes operative, as the pressure-controlled regulator will always operate with an on/off function when starting and terminating the tapping.
  • the system may optionally be set for activation with simultaneous opening of the primary and the secondary side.
  • there may be a short waiting period e.g. if the domestic water is heated to 40 °C, because the heating medium must heat the piping and the exchanger and/or be set for activation of first the secondary side x-number of units of time and/or quantity and/or temperature-dependent such that fresh water is fed to the exchanger until the "old" stagnant water has been flushed away, before the primary side is connected.
  • the secondary side may optionally convey directly to the sewers instead of to the basin until the primary side becomes operative, and/or until the desired domestic water temperature has been achieved, and/or is set for activation of first the primary side x-number of units of time and/or quantity and/or temperature-dependent such that the heated domestic water in the exchanger has the desired temperature before opening the tapping point or starting the primary and the secondary side simultaneously, and such that the secondary side first conveys directly to the sewers until the desired domestic water temperature has been reached, and then directly to e.g. the basin.
  • the process may also be reversed so that, after terminated tapping, the primary side is activated solely for x-number of units of time/quantity and/or temperature-dependent, whereby the temperature of the domestic water, the "stagnant" water in the exchanger of 3 dl, is raised to the desired temperature of e.g. 60-70 °C to thereby destroy any legionella or other bacteria.
  • the desired temperature e.g. 60-70 °C
  • the exchanger may be descaled like a coffee machine and/or be set for activation such that, irrespective of activation of the tapping point, the temperature range in the exchanger on both the primary side and the secondary side is always e.g. min. 50 °C and optionally below 50 °C after commenced tapping because of e.g. the scalding risk, so that the multiplication capacity of the legionella bacteria is restricted or eliminated also in the standstill period of the water heater.
  • the domestic water in e.g. a buffer container is given an optimum temperature and/or time horizon for e.g. killing bacteria and the like, which is placed directly in front of the water heater 1, and then the domestic water from the buffer container is subsequently cooled, if the exchanger 4 - instead of being supplied with e.g. district heating system water 5 on the primary side like before - in this case is supplied with cold/cooled water that may be recirculated and thereby bring the container domestic water first optimally heated and stored down to the desired tapping temperature.
  • the exchanger 4 - instead of being supplied with e.g. district heating system water 5 on the primary side like before - in this case is supplied with cold/cooled water that may be recirculated and thereby bring the container domestic water first optimally heated and stored down to the desired tapping temperature.
  • the temperature of the domestic water is generally controlled by a thermostat 10, which may be connected with a pressure-controlled domestic water part to achieve an optimum solution in terms of security as well as temperature.
  • the thermostat 10 may readily be adjusted to the desired approximate temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP06025994A 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer Expired - Lifetime EP1767881B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200101012 2001-06-28
DKPA200200419 2002-03-18
EP02388042A EP1271068A3 (de) 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02388042A Division EP1271068A3 (de) 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1767881A1 true EP1767881A1 (de) 2007-03-28
EP1767881B1 EP1767881B1 (de) 2009-11-18

Family

ID=26069040

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06025994A Expired - Lifetime EP1767881B1 (de) 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer
EP02388042A Withdrawn EP1271068A3 (de) 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02388042A Withdrawn EP1271068A3 (de) 2001-06-28 2002-06-19 Verfahren zur Erhitzung von Brauchwasser in einem Wasserheizer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1767881B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE449292T1 (de)
DE (2) DE60234480D1 (de)
DK (2) DK200200188U3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2886965A1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-24 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Warmwassergerät und verfahren zum betreiben eines warmwassergeräts
NL2023730B1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-05-11 Stanislaus Maria Hilckmann Diederik Water tap, building comprising the water tap and method using the water tap
US20210215353A1 (en) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Bacteria abatement water heater and abating bacterial growth

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2514187B (en) * 2013-05-17 2018-05-02 S A V United Kingdom Ltd Heating installation

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3928074A1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-28 C T C Waermetauscher Gmbh Verfahren und warmwasserspeicher zur verringerung des legionella-infektionsrisikos
EP0621450A2 (de) 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 Georg Lachenmeier Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung von Brauchwasser
DE19633574A1 (de) * 1995-08-21 1997-10-16 Froeling Kessel App Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Desinfektion
DK200000320U3 (da) 1999-10-29 2001-02-23 Ingenioer Et Redan As Fa Vandregulator
DE19960527C1 (de) 1999-12-15 2001-05-31 Samson Ag Hausstation
WO2001061224A1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-23 Fm Mattsson Ab A method and a device for reducing growth of bacteria in a water-mixer with an appertaining pipeline
WO2001063182A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-08-30 Dantaet Electronics A/S Method and unit for controlling the bacterial conditions in water systems

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4256258A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-03-17 Mark Controls Corporation Temperature monitor and alarm system
DE19633930A1 (de) * 1996-08-22 1998-02-26 Kermi Gmbh Monolithischer Wärmespeicherschrank
JPH10195945A (ja) 1997-01-13 1998-07-28 Inax Corp 殺菌用水栓付き洗い設備

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3928074A1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-28 C T C Waermetauscher Gmbh Verfahren und warmwasserspeicher zur verringerung des legionella-infektionsrisikos
EP0621450A2 (de) 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 Georg Lachenmeier Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung von Brauchwasser
DE19633574A1 (de) * 1995-08-21 1997-10-16 Froeling Kessel App Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Desinfektion
DK200000320U3 (da) 1999-10-29 2001-02-23 Ingenioer Et Redan As Fa Vandregulator
DE19960527C1 (de) 1999-12-15 2001-05-31 Samson Ag Hausstation
WO2001061224A1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-23 Fm Mattsson Ab A method and a device for reducing growth of bacteria in a water-mixer with an appertaining pipeline
WO2001063182A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-08-30 Dantaet Electronics A/S Method and unit for controlling the bacterial conditions in water systems

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2886965A1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-24 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG Warmwassergerät und verfahren zum betreiben eines warmwassergeräts
NL2023730B1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-05-11 Stanislaus Maria Hilckmann Diederik Water tap, building comprising the water tap and method using the water tap
US20210215353A1 (en) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Bacteria abatement water heater and abating bacterial growth

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK200200188U3 (da) 2002-10-25
DE20209677U1 (de) 2002-10-24
EP1767881B1 (de) 2009-11-18
DE60234480D1 (de) 2009-12-31
EP1271068A3 (de) 2003-11-12
ATE449292T1 (de) 2009-12-15
DK1767881T3 (da) 2010-03-01
EP1271068A2 (de) 2003-01-02

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