EP1767078B1 - Construction material having an heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog - Google Patents

Construction material having an heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1767078B1
EP1767078B1 EP05755653A EP05755653A EP1767078B1 EP 1767078 B1 EP1767078 B1 EP 1767078B1 EP 05755653 A EP05755653 A EP 05755653A EP 05755653 A EP05755653 A EP 05755653A EP 1767078 B1 EP1767078 B1 EP 1767078B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
infrared radiation
building material
layer
reflects infrared
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EP05755653A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1767078A2 (en
Inventor
Klaus Ullermann
Thomas Maucher
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Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest & Co KG GmbH
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Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest & Co KG GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE202004008746U external-priority patent/DE202004008746U1/en
Application filed by Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest & Co KG GmbH
Priority to PL05755653T priority Critical patent/PL1767078T3/en
Publication of EP1767078A2 publication Critical patent/EP1767078A2/en
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Publication of EP1767078B1 publication Critical patent/EP1767078B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B28B11/043—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material filling cavities or chambers of hollow blocks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B2001/925—Protection against harmful electro-magnetic or radio-active radiations, e.g. X-rays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0286—Building elements with coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building material for the construction or cladding of building components, in particular of exterior walls of houses, with a protective against electrosmog and / or heat insulating equipment, the equipment of at least one adhering to the brick layer with at least one component of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material, wherein the building material in the form of an artificial brick, in particular a light perforated brick, is formed with internal cavities, wherein the cavities are at least partially provided with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material-containing layer.
  • the preferred thermal insulation measures are to combine the building materials with an insulating material, which as a rule, as many cavities are provided in a building material, so that the trapped air can act as an insulating material.
  • Electrosmog is the umbrella term for the environmental contamination caused by artificial electromagnetic fields. Electrosmog generated by electric and magnetic DC and AC fields or by electromagnetic waves. In the living area, a distinction is made between internal and external sources of electromagnetic radiation. Internal electromagnetic radiation is e.g. caused by televisions, computers, cordless phones, electrical wiring and microwave ovens. Issuers of external electromagnetic radiation are high-voltage lines, transformer stations, railway lines (S and U), transmission towers of mobile communications, radar and radio and television towers and radio towers. Despite the now known negative effects of artificial electromagnetic waves on the human organism, an increase in radiation exposure is still to be expected; An example of this is the structure of the UMTS network.
  • the layer according to the invention causes the heat energy radiating in the infrared spectrum to be reflected (possibly also only deflected or broken) and thus it can not penetrate the building material there or, to a lesser extent, penetrate it.
  • the layer thickness is preferably only in the micrometer range, it does not adversely affect a building material provided therewith in terms of its structure. That is, you can design the building material so that it has a good sound insulation property with acceptable thermal insulation - and by the additional application of the IR radiation reflective layer, this building material can be "converted" with very little effort in a heat-insulating building material with good sound insulation properties.
  • a heat-insulating component such as a perforated brick with a heat-reflecting layer containing graphite as an essential component and is applied in the form of powder and / or granules.
  • the coating is applied by means of brushes, brushes or rollers.
  • graphite as the material for the heat-reflecting layer avoids that the layer containing the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material is covered by an oxide layer, whereby its essential ability to reflect the heat energy radiating in the infrared spectrum. distract or break) would be significantly impaired.
  • the oxide layer would prevent the mutual contact of individual particles and thus the described formation of a conductive network, so that the protection against electrosmog would no longer be guaranteed in full.
  • the object is based on the DE-A 44 23 716 known brick in terms of its thermal insulation properties and, where appropriate, in terms of its ability to screen electrosmog, further improve and at the same time to use coating methods that can be easily and easily applied and with which even internal cavities and channels can be permanently coated.
  • the invention proposes that the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material is bound in a binder or it is fixed by means of an adhering to the brick or the like inorganic or organic adhesive or binder.
  • the cavities are formed in the form of the brick in the vertical and / or horizontal direction traversing hollow chambers, so that the hollow chambers of brick bridges are limited and one, several or all the hollow chambers are provided on their vertical and / or horizontal side surfaces with the layer containing the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material.
  • the high number of rows of holes or hollow chambers of today's lightweight perforated bricks it is obvious that this results overall in a large-area coating with correspondingly improved thermal insulation or electrosmog shielding properties.
  • the layer according to the invention is formed so that it does not form a closed oxide layer on the atmospheric oxygen.
  • the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material as a whole (at least almost) corrosion-free, to which noble metals and especially platinum, gold, silver would be very suitable, or if a resulting oxide does not form a dense skin, so that despite oxidation, an electrical contact between adjacent particles is possible.
  • the invention proposes in particular to use a metal-free coating with graphite (an electrically conductive modification of the carbon), mica or an organic binder (eg cellulose binder), since in this case the layer together with the material of the brick (1) can be recycled and thus a correspondingly coated brick not disposed of as hazardous waste or previously the layer does not have to be removed from the brick in complex procedures.
  • GBS Graphite Binder Layer
  • the GBS can be used to dampen electrical, magnetic and electromagnetic fields.
  • the graphite layer is fixed by a water / water glass mixture on the surface of the building material.
  • This mixture has a high abrasion resistance with simultaneous stability against weathering and aging.
  • a high degree of temperature resistance (fire behavior) is given by this inorganic binder. Allergic reactions from humans to this binder are unknown and unlikely.
  • the water / water glass mixture has disadvantages in terms of moisture to be removed after coating.
  • This moisture increase of the building material can be circumvented by coating the building material in the dry coating process with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material.
  • Particularly advantageous for the adhesion of the layer to the building material is when the layer is applied under pressure. This results in a directional and / or brightly polished layer, which once again has improved reflection properties. This can be achieved very easily with the use of said support material, which presses the coating material against the building material and thus rubs the coating material against it as it moves along the surface of the building material.
  • a suitable carrier material for the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material should be pourable and / or may consist of sponges, polystyrene particles, Sawdust, Harzionenixieerteilchen, foam particles or the like.
  • the known other processes such as vapor deposition, spraying, dipping, flooding, injection, PVD (physical vapor deposition) or CVD (chemical vapor deposition) processes are also suitable for applying the coating.
  • a binder / binder can also use a glaze. Since glaze and shards are chemically related, both substances wet well and adhere to each other inseparably.
  • Surfactants may be included in the binder and / or binder to optimize surface tension. This is intended that the particles contained in the binder of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material accumulate on the surface. Platelet-shaped particles align approximately parallel to the relevant surface and touch each other, so that there creates an electrically conductive network, which has an optimal shielding effect against electromagnetic fields and IR radiation.
  • An alternative possibility, also within the scope of the invention, of creating a building material according to the invention consists of a building material with an insulation filling which may be poured, foamed or fibrous.
  • the advantages of the invention are obtained in that the insulation filling contains an infrared radiation-reflecting material.
  • different layers are applied to different surface areas of the building material with different constituents of electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting materials.
  • two or more layers may be applied one above the other, each having different constituents of electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting materials.
  • one layer may contain a graphite powder, while another may contain an aluminum powder.
  • Such different materials are used to shield electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths.
  • different physical properties of these materials Wear, for example, different conductivity, particle size, shape, mutual adhesion, etc.
  • the invention undergoes further optimization in that the surface of the layer (s) is polished with at least one constituent of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material.
  • a uniform or smooth surface can be achieved, which reflects the electromagnetic waves (that is to say in particular also the IR radiation) like a mirror. In relation to a diffuse reflection thereby the shielding effect is significantly improved.
  • Bricks with internal hollow chambers are provided in the hollow chambers with a GBS.
  • the number of cavities provided with a GBS ranges from one to the total number of existing hollow chambers of the brick. In this case, the order of the GBS can be done both partially and over the entire processing of the hollow chamber.
  • the entire number of hollow chambers is provided with a GBS in order to achieve the greatest possible shielding effect for electromagnetic (IR) radiation.
  • IR electromagnetic
  • the principle underlying the invention can also be realized in building materials consisting of binder-bound artificial stones, which are provided with infrared radiation-reflecting material and in particular with graphite.
  • the graphite deposits in the area of the cavities present in these stones from air bubbles or pores - similar to those described Hollow chambers - on the surface lying in the interior of the building material and thus forms the desired infrared radiation reflective coating.
  • a masonry mortar or plaster with an embedded, infrared radiation-reflecting material and in particular with graphite in the context of the present invention, wherein also here the graphite on inner surfaces of cavities can form the desired coating.
  • the building material may in principle have stone, brick, plate and / or foil-shaped or else spherical form and be used for the construction and / or the lining of house walls, floor coverings and / or roofs.
  • the building material may in principle have stone, brick, plate and / or foil-shaped or else spherical form and be used for the construction and / or the lining of house walls, floor coverings and / or roofs.
  • facing bricks and ceiling tiles and roof tiles or concrete tiles and / or bulk granules in question in addition to the previously described bricks, facing bricks and ceiling tiles and roof tiles or concrete tiles and / or bulk granules in question.
  • Roof tiles, concrete tiles and bricks should preferably be provided with a GBS on one side only. If necessary, it should be the side facing away from the weather.
  • the order of the GBS can take place both partially and over the entire area.
  • the contact points should be electrically connected to the GBS of the relevant roof element. It is then sufficient to connect the individual roof elements, the usual Einsteckungshabilit. Contact points for the transmission of electrical lines are sufficiently available. The entire system can be grounded.
  • Individual bricks which are provided with a GBS, can be interconnected to better shield electromagnetic radiation.
  • the entire system can be grounded.
  • the present invention relates not only to the use of a provided with particular vertical and / or horizontal hollow chambers or spaces brick with protective against electrosmog and / or thermal insulation equipment, wherein the Equipment of at least one adhering to the building material layer with at least one component of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material and are provided on the inner walls of the cavities; Rather, the inventive concept of thermal insulation and electrosmog shielding can be transferred by said layer on other building materials or apply to other materials, of which above and in the claims examples are listed, such as roof tiles, bulk granules, building material with insulation filling, plaster, etc .. ., And each not necessarily have cavities, but in which the coating is provided with similar effects in other air-exposed or air-adjacent areas, and in which such a coating has not yet been proposed.
  • FIG. 1 a brick with an inventive equipment in plan view.
  • Fig. 1 At the brick 1 off Fig. 1 it is a cuboid perforated brick whose width is, for example, twice as large as its length and height.
  • a stone In the construction of an outer wall such a stone is often installed so that only its narrow vertical surfaces 2 (length x height) parallel to the wall in question, while its width (in the direction of the longer sides 3) defines approximately the wall thickness.
  • the brick 1 is completely penetrated between its upper side 4 and its underside by a large number of cavities 5 in the form of channels passing through the brick in the vertical direction. These cavities or holes 5 are in to the narrow sides 2 (length x height) parallel rows 6 are arranged. You have in the illustrated embodiment has a rectangular cross-section with these rows 6 parallel longitudinal side. Since the cavities 5 of a row 6 are also offset from the cavities of adjacent rows 6 by half a hole length, the remaining between the cavities 5 brick bridges 7 do not pass straight between the narrow sides 2, but extend approximately meandering.
  • the vertical side surfaces of the cavities 5 are at least partially provided with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material containing layer 8, but it would also be sufficient only longitudinal sides 3, which are usually parallel to a finished wall run to coat with an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflective material.
  • These layers 8 consist of pulverized graphite particles or platelets which are distributed in a binder, for example from water glass. They may be partially applied or produced by immersing the entire brick 1 in a corresponding bath. It is also possible to run or press through a corresponding liquid or corresponding dry mixtures of graphite and support materials through the cavities 5 of the brick 1, or simply spray or applied by means of one of the other, common surface coating method.
  • the mutually contacting graphite platelets form an electrically conductive network in the manner of a part of a Faraday cage. Due to the displacement of adjacent rows 6, an electromagnetic wave is attenuated when passing through the brick 1 from one narrow side 2 to the other to a barely measurable fraction of the original signal amplitude, electrosmog is therefore effectively prevented from passing through a wall built with bricks 1 as IR heat radiation ,
  • the shield against electrosmog is very good when the coatings 8 of the individual cavities 5 by immersion of the top and / or bottom 4 of the brick 1 on the webs 7 away with each other.
  • the outer sides 2-4 of the brick 1 may also be covered by the coating 8 according to the invention or free of it, which is a subsequent application, for example, of plaster, which would not hold so well on the graphite layer.
  • a brick not shown in the drawing is also a cuboid brick facing brick, for example. From clinker. Also, this stone can be interspersed with holes in the vertical direction. However, here for shielding against electrosmog especially a narrow outer side (length x height) with a coating with an electrically conductive substance, eg. Graphite provided. If this stone is installed in such a way that the relevant coating runs parallel to the relevant wall, this also results in a good shielding.
  • an electrically conductive substance eg. Graphite provided.
  • the advantage here is the water glass used as a binder, which has comparable properties with ceramic and thus, for example, can not flake off the stone at high thermal fluctuations.
  • roof tile of the type "beaver tail” with an elongated, approximately rectangular base with a straight top edge and slightly curved bottom edge.
  • the top is flat, at the bottom is located in the region of the upper edge in the middle of a roughly hook-shaped extension for hanging on a roof batten.
  • the complete underside is provided with a coating according to the invention with an electrically conductive substance. Since adjacent tiles abut each other and roof tiles from adjacent rows overlap each other, here also results from the coating of the bottom very good shielding.
  • the coating may be drawn around the top edge to a contact surface on top.
  • the coatings of the tiles of adjacent rows are conductively connected together. If the contact surface in each case in the horizontal or lateral direction are located approximately in the middle of the upper edge or the roof tile, thus horizontally adjacent bricks of the above tile row can be contacted each other so that thereby the entire roof as a whole single, electrically conductive surface acts and a very good shielding against electrosmog can be achieved.
  • a similar effect is produced in another way not shown in the drawing tile.
  • This is a roof tile or concrete roof tile with a so-called. Folded. It can be seen that adjacent edges each have profilings complementary to each other, in particular here are provided with grooves, so that these roof elements overlap each other and thereby interlock.
  • the backs are again completely provided with a coating according to the invention, moreover, this coating is in each case drawn into the region of the fold, in particular up to the adjacent surfaces in the grooves. In this case, the coating is pulled over at least one edge away, so that also takes place here an electrically conductive networking of adjacent roof elements.
  • the present invention provides a brick and a method for its coating which further improves the advantages of the known bricks, namely in particular good thermal insulation and electrosmog shielding properties and at the same time also the disadvantages of these known bricks, namely in particular missing or expensive Recyclability and deterioration of the benefits of oxidation, avoids.

Abstract

The invention relates to construction material (1) for the construction or the covering of building parts, in particular exterior walls of buildings, comprising a heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog. The finish is made of at least one layer (8) which is adherent to the construction material (1), containing at least one component made of an electrically conductive material and/or material which reflects infrared radiation. The construction material is in the form of an artificial brick (1), in particular a light, vertically perforated brick, comprising inner cavities (5). The cavities are at least partially provided with a layer (8) containing the electrically conductive material and/or the material which reflects infrared radiation. The layer (8) is at least essentially devoid of oxidation and the electrically conductive material and/or the material which reflects infrared radiation of the layer (8) does not form the closed oxide layer in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Baumaterial für den Bau oder die Verkleidung von Gebäudebauteilen, insbesondere von Hausaußenwänden, mit einer vor Elektrosmog schützenden und/oder wärmedämmenden Ausrüstung, wobei die Ausrüstung aus wenigstens einer an dem Mauerstein haftenden Schicht mit wenigstens einem Bestandteil aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Material besteht, wobei das Baumaterial in der Form eines künstlichen Mauersteins, insbesondere eines Leicht-Hochlochziegels, ausgebildet ist mit innen liegenden Hohlräumen, wobei die Hohlräume zumindest teilweise mit der das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material enthaltenden Schicht versehen sind.The invention relates to a building material for the construction or cladding of building components, in particular of exterior walls of houses, with a protective against electrosmog and / or heat insulating equipment, the equipment of at least one adhering to the brick layer with at least one component of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material, wherein the building material in the form of an artificial brick, in particular a light perforated brick, is formed with internal cavities, wherein the cavities are at least partially provided with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material-containing layer.

Auch wenn schon seit Jahren - nicht zuletzt durch die Energieeinsparverordnung - verschiedenste Anstrengungen unternommen werden, Baumaterialien hinsichtlich ihrer Wärmedämmeigenschaften zu verbessern, so stoßen diese Versuche eigentlich immer an die gleichen - auf einem anderen Gebiet liegenden - Grenzen: Da in fast, gleichem Maße, wie die Wärmedämmeigenschaft eines Baumaterials steigt, deren Schalldämmeigenschaft sinkt, werden die Baumaterialien in der jüngeren Zeit zwar immer besser, was die Dämmung von Wärme betrifft, gleichzeitig aber hinsichtlich ihrer Fähigkeit, Schall zu dämmen, deutlich schlechter.Even though a great deal of effort has been made for years to improve building materials with regard to their thermal insulation properties, not least as a result of the Energy Saving Ordinance, these attempts always come up against the same limits, which lie in another area: in almost the same way as As the heat-insulating property of a building material increases whose sound-absorbing property decreases, the construction materials in recent years are getting better and better in terms of heat insulation, but at the same time, they are much worse in their ability to muffle sound.

Denn die bevorzugten Wärmedämmmaßnahmen liegen darin, die Baumaterialien mit einem Dämmstoff zu kombinieren, wozu in der Regel möglichst viele Hohlräume in einem Baumaterial vorgesehen werden, so dass die darin eingeschlossene Luft als Dämmstoff fungieren kann. Durch die Erhöhung des "Lochanteils" eines Baumaterials, also durch die Vergrößerung des Anteils der Hohlräume am Volumen bzw. Querschnitt des Baumaterials, sinkt zwangsläufig die für die Schalldämmeigenschaften wesentliche Masse des Baumaterials. Hieraus resultiert der vordringliche Bedarf nach einer Maßnahme, die es ermöglicht, die Wärmedämmeigenschaften eines Baumaterials deutlich zu verbessern, ohne dass diese Maßnahme Auswirkungen auf die Schalldämmeigenschaften hat.Because the preferred thermal insulation measures are to combine the building materials with an insulating material, which as a rule, as many cavities are provided in a building material, so that the trapped air can act as an insulating material. By increasing the "hole portion" of a building material, ie by increasing the proportion of cavities in the volume or cross section of the building material, inevitably decreases the essential for the sound insulation properties of the building material. This results in the urgent need for a measure that makes it possible to significantly improve the thermal insulation properties of a building material, without this measure has effects on the sound insulation properties.

Ein weiteres Problemfeld, das in jüngerer Zeit immer stärker in das Bewusstsein der Verbraucher vordringt, wird unter dem Schlagwort "Elektrosmog" zusammengefasst: Elektrosmog ist der Überbegriff für die Umweitverunreinigung durch künstliche elektromagnetische Felder. Elektrosmog entsteht durch elektrische und magnetische Gleich- und Wechselfelder bzw. durch elektromagnetische Wellen. Im Wohnbereich wird zwischen internen und externen Quellen elektromagnetischer Strahlung unterschieden. Interne elektromagnetische Strahlung wird z.B. durch Fernseher, Computer, schnurlose Telefone, elektrische Leitungen und Mikrowellenherde hervorgerufen. Emittenten externer elektromagnetischer Strahlung sind Hochspannungsleitungen, Trafostationen, Bahn-Trassen (S- und U-Bahn), Sendemasten von Mobilfunk, Radaranlagen und Sende- und Funktürme für Radio und Fernsehen. Trotz der mittlerweile bekannten negativen Einflüsse der künstlichen elektromagnetischen Wellen auf den menschlichen Organismus ist weiterhin von einer Zunahme der Strahlenbelastung auszugehen; als Beispiel hierfür ist der Aufbau des UMTS - Netzes aufzuführen.A further problem area that has recently become more and more popular with consumers is summarized under the heading "electrosmog": Electrosmog is the umbrella term for the environmental contamination caused by artificial electromagnetic fields. Electrosmog generated by electric and magnetic DC and AC fields or by electromagnetic waves. In the living area, a distinction is made between internal and external sources of electromagnetic radiation. Internal electromagnetic radiation is e.g. caused by televisions, computers, cordless phones, electrical wiring and microwave ovens. Issuers of external electromagnetic radiation are high-voltage lines, transformer stations, railway lines (S and U), transmission towers of mobile communications, radar and radio and television towers and radio towers. Despite the now known negative effects of artificial electromagnetic waves on the human organism, an increase in radiation exposure is still to be expected; An example of this is the structure of the UMTS network.

Krankheitsbilder, welche durch Elektrosmog entstehen, sind laut Veröffentlichungen der internationalen Fachliteratur: Kopfschmerzen, Depressionen, Leukämie, Allergien, Tin-nitus, Lern- und Konzentrationsstörungen, Herz-Kreislaufprobleme, Krebserkrankungen und Schlafstörungen.Diseases caused by electrosmog are, according to publications of the international literature: headache, depression, leukemia, allergies, tin-nitus, learning and concentration disorders, cardiovascular problems, cancer and sleep disorders.

Aus der zunehmenden Sensibilität der Bauherren gegenüber Elektrosmog resultiert somit der zusätzliche Wunsch nach Baustoffen, welche in der Lage sind, die elektromagnetische Strahlung im Wohnbereich zu reduzieren.The increasing sensitivity of the building owners to electrosmog therefore results in the additional desire for building materials which are able to reduce the electromagnetic radiation in the living area.

Das grundsätzliche Problem der bekannten als Baumaterial verwendeten Mauerziegel besteht demnach darin, solche Baustoffe zur Verfügung zu stellen, die den beiden beschriebenen gegensätzlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Schall- und Wärmedämmung gleichermaßen entsprechen und die darüber hinaus zweckmäßigerweise auch noch vor Elektrosmog schützen. Dabei sollen die mechanischen und sonstigen Eigenschaften der Baustoffe nicht schlechter sein als bisher, und der Zusatzaufwand für entsprechende Maßnahmen soll sich in einem wirtschaftlich vertretbaren Rahmen halten.The fundamental problem of the known building bricks used as building material is therefore to provide such building materials available, which correspond equally to the two described conflicting requirements in terms of sound and heat insulation and which also expediently protect against electrosmog. The mechanical and other properties of the building materials should not be worse than before, and the additional cost of appropriate measures should be kept within an economically reasonable range.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde bereits in der DE-A 44 23 716 ein Mauerstein in Form eines Hochlochziegels beschrieben, dessen Hohlräume an ihren Innenflächen wärmereflektierend beschichtet sind, um den Strahlungsanteil am Wärmetransport in diesen dunklen Hohlräumen zu verhindern, wobei die Schicht Aluminium oder eine ähnliche wärmereflektierende Komponente enthält und aufgedampft oder aufgespritzt ist.To solve this problem has already been in the DE-A 44 23 716 describes a brick in the form of a perforated brick, the cavities are coated on their inner surfaces heat-reflecting to the radiation component of the heat transfer in prevent these dark cavities, the layer containing aluminum or a similar heat-reflecting component and is vapor-deposited or sprayed on.

Das in der genannten Schicht auf einem Mauerstein od. dgl. enthaltene, elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material kann einerseits bei einem entsprechenden Aufbau ein leitendes "Netz" bilden, das eine im Bereich des betreffenden Mauersteins od. dgl. auftreffende, elektrische Strahlung kurzschließt und damit an einem Durchtritt durch den betreffenden Mauerstein od. dgl. hindert. Das damit realisierbare Prinzip orientiert sich an dem sog. "Faraday'schen Käfig".The od in the said layer on a brick od. Like. Contained, electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material on the one hand with a corresponding structure form a conductive "network", the od in the field of the relevant brick. The like. Impacting, electrical radiation short-circuited and thus od at a passage through the brick in question. The like. Prevents. The principle that can be realized is based on the so-called "Faraday cage".

Andererseits führt die erfindungsgemäße Schicht dazu, dass die im Infrarot-Spektrum strahlende Wärmeenergie reflektiert (ggf. auch nur abgelenkt oder gebrochen) wird und sie so das Baumaterial dort nicht bzw. in nur geringerem Maße durchdringen kann. Da die Schichtdicke vorzugsweise lediglich im Mikrometerbereich liegt, beeinträchtigt sie ein damit versehenes Baumaterial hinsichtlich seines Aufbaus in keiner Weise. Das heißt, man kann das Baumaterial so gestalten, dass es bei akzeptabler Wärmedämmung eine gute Schalldämmeigenschaft aufweist - und durch das zusätzliche Aufbringen der IR-Strahlung reflektierenden Schicht lässt sich dieses Baumaterial mit äußerst geringem Aufwand in ein wärmedämmendes Baumaterial mit guten Schalldämmeigenschaften "umrüsten".On the other hand, the layer according to the invention causes the heat energy radiating in the infrared spectrum to be reflected (possibly also only deflected or broken) and thus it can not penetrate the building material there or, to a lesser extent, penetrate it. Since the layer thickness is preferably only in the micrometer range, it does not adversely affect a building material provided therewith in terms of its structure. That is, you can design the building material so that it has a good sound insulation property with acceptable thermal insulation - and by the additional application of the IR radiation reflective layer, this building material can be "converted" with very little effort in a heat-insulating building material with good sound insulation properties.

Auch aus der EP 1001105 ist es bekannt, einen wärmedämmenden Baustein, wie z.B. einen Hochlochziegel mit einer wärmereflektierenden Schicht zu versehen, die als wesentlichen Bestandteil Graphit enthält und in Form von Pulver und/oder Granulat aufgetragen wird. Dabei erfolgt das Auftragen der Schicht mittels Bürsten, Pinsel oder Walzen. Durch die Verwendung von Graphit als Material für die wärmereflektierende Schicht wird vermieden, dass die das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material enthaltende Schicht von einer Oxidschicht überdeckt wird, wodurch ihre wesentliche Fähigkeit, die im Infrarot-Spektrum strahlende Wärmeenergie zu reflektieren (bzw. abzulenken oder zu brechen) erheblich beeinträchtigt würde. In ähnlicher Weise würde die Oxidschicht den gegenseitigen Kontakt einzelner Partikel und damit die beschriebene Ausbildung eines leitfähigen Netzes verhindern, so dass auch der Schutz vor Elektrosmog nicht mehr in vollem Umfang gewährleistet wäre. Jedoch gestaltet sich das Aufbringen von Graphit mittels Bürsten, Pinsel oder Walzen als sehr aufwändig und schwierig, vor allem wenn dabei innenliegende Hohlräume und Kanäle beschichtet werden sollen.Also from the EP 1001105 It is known to provide a heat-insulating component, such as a perforated brick with a heat-reflecting layer containing graphite as an essential component and is applied in the form of powder and / or granules. The coating is applied by means of brushes, brushes or rollers. The use of graphite as the material for the heat-reflecting layer avoids that the layer containing the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material is covered by an oxide layer, whereby its essential ability to reflect the heat energy radiating in the infrared spectrum. distract or break) would be significantly impaired. Similarly, the oxide layer would prevent the mutual contact of individual particles and thus the described formation of a conductive network, so that the protection against electrosmog would no longer be guaranteed in full. However, the application of graphite by means of brushes, brushes or rollers designed as very complex and difficult, especially if this inner cavities and channels to be coated.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den aus der DE-A 44 23 716 bekannten Mauerstein hinsichtlich seiner Wärmedämmeigenschaften und ggf. hinsichtlich seiner Fähigkeit, Elektrosmog abzuschirmen, weiter zu verbessern und aber gleichzeitig Beschichtungsverfahren zu verwenden, die sich leicht und einfach anwenden lassen und mit denen auch innenliegende Hohlräume und Kanäle dauerhaft beschichtet werden können.On this basis, the present invention, the object is based on the DE-A 44 23 716 known brick in terms of its thermal insulation properties and, where appropriate, in terms of its ability to screen electrosmog, further improve and at the same time to use coating methods that can be easily and easily applied and with which even internal cavities and channels can be permanently coated.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Mauerstein der eingangs genannten Art mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Zur Fixierung an dem Mauerstein oder dergleichen wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material in einem Bindemittel gebunden ist oder es mittels eines an dem betreffenden Mauerstein oder dergleichen haftenden anorganische oder organische Adhäsionsmittels bzw. Binders fixiert wird.This object is achieved by a brick of the type mentioned with the features of claim 1. For fixing to the brick or the like, the invention proposes that the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material is bound in a binder or it is fixed by means of an adhering to the brick or the like inorganic or organic adhesive or binder.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile lassen sich besonders gut bei einem künstlichen Mauerstein, insbesondere einem Leicht-Hochlochziegel verwirklichen, dessen Hohlräume in Form von den Mauerstein in Vertikal- und/oder Horizontalrichtung durchquerenden Hohlkammern ausgebildet sind, so dass die Hohlkammern von Mauersteinstegen begrenzt sind und eine, mehrere oder alle Hohlkammern an ihren vertikalen und/oder horizontalen Seitenflächen mit der das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material enthaltenden Schicht versehen sind. Im Hinblick auf die hohe Lochreihen- bzw. Hohlkammeranzahl heutiger Leicht-Hochlochziegel ist offensichtlich, dass sich hierbei insgesamt eine großflächige Beschichtung ergibt mit entsprechend verbesserten Wärmedämmungs- bzw. Elektrosmogabschirmungseigenschaften.The advantages of the invention can be realized particularly well in an artificial brick, in particular a light perforated bricks, the cavities are formed in the form of the brick in the vertical and / or horizontal direction traversing hollow chambers, so that the hollow chambers of brick bridges are limited and one, several or all the hollow chambers are provided on their vertical and / or horizontal side surfaces with the layer containing the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material. With regard to the high number of rows of holes or hollow chambers of today's lightweight perforated bricks, it is obvious that this results overall in a large-area coating with correspondingly improved thermal insulation or electrosmog shielding properties.

Soweit nachfolgend von künstlichen Mauersteinen die Rede ist, so sollen hierdurch sowohl Mauersteine, insbesondere Mauerziegel, als auch Decken- oder Vormauersteine und sonstige Baumaterialien mit erfasst werden, vor allem wenn diese auch zusätzlich mit Hohlkammern versehen sind. Aber auch dort, wo die das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material aufweisende Schicht nicht an Hohlräume oder Hohlkammern angrenzt und der dort eingeschlossenen Luft ausgesetzt ist, sondern die Luft diese Schicht ohne Hohlräume direkt und ungehindert beaufschlagt - etwa bei Dachziegeln auf der Ziegelunterseite - , so lassen sich die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile auch dort ausnutzen, indem die Schicht erfindungsgemäß so ausgebildet ist, dass sie am Luftsauerstoff keine geschlossene Oxidschicht bildet.As far as the following is of artificial bricks, so should both bricks, especially bricks, as well as ceiling or bricks and other building materials are included, especially if they are also provided with hollow chambers. But even where the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material having layer adjacent to cavities or cavities and is exposed to the air trapped there, but the air this layer without cavities directly and unhindered applied - such as roof tiles on the brick bottom - Thus, the advantages of the invention can also be exploited there by the layer according to the invention is formed so that it does not form a closed oxide layer on the atmospheric oxygen.

Am besten ist es, wenn das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material insgesamt (zumindest nahezu) korrosionsfrei ist, wozu an sich Edelmetalle und insbesondere Platin, Gold, Silber sehr geeignet wären, oder wenn ein entstehendes Oxid keine dichte Haut bildet, so dass trotz Oxidation ein elektrischer Kontakt zwischen benachbarten Partikeln möglich ist. Die Erfindung schlägt aber insbesondere vor, eine metallfreie Beschichtung mit Graphit (eine elektrisch leitfähige Modifikation des Kohlenstoffs), Glimmer oder einen organischen Binder (z.B. Cellulose-Binder) zu verwenden, da in diesem Fall die Schicht zusammen mit dem Material des Mauersteins (1) recycelt werden kann und somit ein entsprechend beschichteter Mauerstein nicht als Sondermüll entsorgt bzw. zuvor die Schicht nicht vom Mauerstein in aufwendigen Verfahren entfernt werden muss. Hierdurch lassen sich die Abbruch- und Entsorgungskosten für derartige erfindungsgemäße Mauersteine erheblich gegenüber den aus der DE-A 44 23 716 bekannten aluminiumbeschichteten Mauersteine reduzieren. Erst durch Verwendung von Graphit oder Glimmer müssen die Vorteile hinsichtlich der verbesserten Wärmedämmung nicht durch Nachteile bei der Entsorgung erkauft werden.It is best if the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material as a whole (at least almost) corrosion-free, to which noble metals and especially platinum, gold, silver would be very suitable, or if a resulting oxide does not form a dense skin, so that despite oxidation, an electrical contact between adjacent particles is possible. However, the invention proposes in particular to use a metal-free coating with graphite (an electrically conductive modification of the carbon), mica or an organic binder (eg cellulose binder), since in this case the layer together with the material of the brick (1) can be recycled and thus a correspondingly coated brick not disposed of as hazardous waste or previously the layer does not have to be removed from the brick in complex procedures. As a result, the demolition and disposal costs for such bricks according to the invention significantly compared to those from DE-A 44 23 716 Reduce known aluminum coated bricks. Only by using graphite or mica, the benefits in terms of improved thermal insulation must not be paid for by disadvantages in the disposal.

Dass die Entsorgungsproblematik bereits im Stand der Technik erkannt worden ist, zeigt die DE-A 101 26 793 , die aus diesem Grunde plattenförmige Einschubelemente aus Pappe oder Kunststoff mit einer Metallschicht vorschlägt, um diese Einschubelemente beim Abbruch des mit diesen Mauersteinen hergestellten Gebäudes durch Schreddern dieser Mauersteine wieder entfernen zu können, wobei sich die Einschubelemente selbsttätig lösen sollen und beispielsweise mit einem Gebläse von den geschredderten Mauersteinen getrennt werden können sollen. Auch auf diese ungleich aufwändige Vorgehensweise beim Recyceln des Mauersteins kann beim erfindungsgemäßen graphit- oder glimmerbeschichteten Mauerstein verzichtete werden.That the disposal problem has already been recognized in the prior art, shows the DE-A 101 26 793 , which proposes for this reason plate-shaped plug-in elements made of cardboard or plastic with a metal layer to remove these plug-in elements when demolishing the building made with these bricks by shredding these bricks again, with the drawer elements should solve automatically and, for example, with a fan of the shredded bricks should be able to be separated. Also on this unevenly complex procedure when recycling the brick can be dispensed with in accordance with the invention graphite or mica coated brick.

Durch die Fähigkeit, einen elektrischen Kontakt zu benachbarten Partikeln auszubilden, ist es möglich, das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material in pulverisiertem Zustand zu verwenden. Demzufolge kann es an dem betreffenden Mauerstein od. dgl. ohne Rücksicht auf dessen Geometrie leicht aufgetragen werden.Due to the ability to form an electrical contact with adjacent particles, it is possible to use the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material in a pulverized state. As a result, it may be easily applied to the brick concerned, or the like, without regard to its geometry.

Aufgetragen wird/werden eine oder mehrere Graphitschichten, welche durch anorganische (z.B. Wasser/Wasserglas - Mischung) bzw. organische Binder am Baumaterial fixiert wird/werden. Im weiteren Text wird diese Schicht kurz GBS (Graphit-BinderSchicht) genannt. Durch die GBS können elektrische, magnetische und elektromagnetische Felder gedämpft werden.One or more layers of graphite are deposited which are fixed to the building material by inorganic (e.g., water / water glass mixture) or organic binders. In the text below, this layer is called GBS (Graphite Binder Layer) for short. The GBS can be used to dampen electrical, magnetic and electromagnetic fields.

Vorzugsweise wird die Graphitschicht durch eine Wasser/Wasserglas-Mischung auf der Oberfläche des Baumaterials fixiert. Diese Mischung besitzt eine hohe Abriebfestigkeit bei gleichzeitiger Stabilität gegen Verwitterung und Alterung. Darüber hinaus ist durch diesen anorganischen Binder ein hohes Maß an Temperaturbeständigkeit (Brandverhalten) gegeben. Allergische Reaktionen von Menschen auf diesen Binder sind nicht bekannt und eher unwahrscheinlich.Preferably, the graphite layer is fixed by a water / water glass mixture on the surface of the building material. This mixture has a high abrasion resistance with simultaneous stability against weathering and aging. In addition, a high degree of temperature resistance (fire behavior) is given by this inorganic binder. Allergic reactions from humans to this binder are unknown and unlikely.

Die Wasser/Wasserglas-Mischung besitzt jedoch Nachteile im Hinblick auf die nach dem Beschichten wieder zu entfernende Feuchtigkeit. Diese Feuchtigkeitserhöhung des Baumaterials kann umgangen werden, indem man das Baumaterial im Trockenbeschichtungsverfahren mit dem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Material beschichtet. Hierfür bietet sich vor allem an, das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material mechanisch, insbesondere unter Verwendung eines das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material aufweisenden Trägermaterials aufzutragen, von dem das leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material während des Beschichtungsvorgangs abgerieben und/oder gelöst wird, wie sich dies insbesondere für Graphit anbietet.However, the water / water glass mixture has disadvantages in terms of moisture to be removed after coating. This moisture increase of the building material can be circumvented by coating the building material in the dry coating process with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material. For this purpose, it is especially advisable to apply the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material mechanically, in particular using a material having the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material, from which the conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material is abraded during the coating process and / or is solved, as this is particularly suitable for graphite.

Besonders vorteilhaft für das Anhaften der Schicht an dem Baumaterial ist es, wenn die Schicht unter Druck aufgetragen wird. Dadurch entsteht eine gerichtete und/oder glänzend polierte Schicht, die noch einmal verbesserte Reflexionseigenschaften aufweist. Dies lässt sich sehr einfach bei Verwendung des genannten Trägermaterials erreichen, das das Beschichtungsmaterial gegen das Baumaterial drückt und so das Beschichtungsmaterial beim Bewegen entlang der Fläche des Baumaterials gegen dieses reibt.Particularly advantageous for the adhesion of the layer to the building material is when the layer is applied under pressure. This results in a directional and / or brightly polished layer, which once again has improved reflection properties. This can be achieved very easily with the use of said support material, which presses the coating material against the building material and thus rubs the coating material against it as it moves along the surface of the building material.

Ein geeignetes Trägermaterial für das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material sollte schüttbar sein und/oder kann aus Schwämmen, Polystyrolteilchen, Sägespänen, Harzionentauscherteilchen, Schaumstoffteilchen oder dergleichen bestehen.A suitable carrier material for the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material should be pourable and / or may consist of sponges, polystyrene particles, Sawdust, Harzionentauscherteilchen, foam particles or the like.

Zum Aufbringen der Beschichtung kommen grundsätzlich natürlich auch die bekannten anderen Verfahren, wie etwa Aufdampfen, Aufspritzen, Tauchen, Fluten, Einblasen, PVD- (physical vapor deposition) Verfahren oder CVD- (chemical vapor deposition) Verfahren in Frage.In principle, the known other processes, such as vapor deposition, spraying, dipping, flooding, injection, PVD (physical vapor deposition) or CVD (chemical vapor deposition) processes are also suitable for applying the coating.

Als Bindemittel / Binder lässt sich ferner eine Glasur verwenden. Da Glasur und Scherben chemisch verwandt sind, benetzen sich beide Stoffe gut und haften unlösbar aneinander.As a binder / binder can also use a glaze. Since glaze and shards are chemically related, both substances wet well and adhere to each other inseparably.

In dem Bindemittel und/oder Binder können oberflächenaktive Stoffe enthalten sein, um die Oberflächenspannung zu optimieren. Damit wird angestrebt, dass die in dem Bindemittel enthaltenen Partikel aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material sich an der Oberfläche ansammeln. Plättchenförmige Partikel richten sich etwa parallel zu der betreffenden Oberfläche aus und berühren einander, so dass dort ein elektrisch leitfähiges Netz entsteht, das eine optimale Abschirmungswirkung gegenüber elektromagnetischen Feldern und IR-Strahlung hat.Surfactants may be included in the binder and / or binder to optimize surface tension. This is intended that the particles contained in the binder of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material accumulate on the surface. Platelet-shaped particles align approximately parallel to the relevant surface and touch each other, so that there creates an electrically conductive network, which has an optimal shielding effect against electromagnetic fields and IR radiation.

Eine alternative, ebenfalls im Rahmen der Erfindung liegende Möglichkeit dafür, ein erfindungsgemäßes Baumaterial zu schaffen, besteht aus einem Baustoff mit einer Dämmstoff-Füllung, die geschüttet, geschäumt oder faserartig ausgebildet sein kann. Die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile erhält man dadurch, dass die Dämmstoff-Füllung ein Infrarotstrahlung reflektierendes Material enthält.An alternative possibility, also within the scope of the invention, of creating a building material according to the invention consists of a building material with an insulation filling which may be poured, foamed or fibrous. The advantages of the invention are obtained in that the insulation filling contains an infrared radiation-reflecting material.

Es liegt weiter im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass auf unterschiedliche Oberflächenbereiche des Baumaterials unterschiedliche Schichten aufgetragen sind mit unterschiedlichen Bestandteilen aus elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Materialien. Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung können zwei oder mehrere Schichten übereinander aufgetragen sein, die jeweils unterschiedliche Bestandteile aus elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Materialien aufweisen. Bspw. kann eine Schicht ein Graphitpulver enthalten, eine andere dagegen ein Aluminiumpulver. Derartige, unterschiedliche Materialien dienen der Abschirmung von elektromagnetischen Strahlen mit unterschiedlicher Wellenlänge. Hierbei kommen unterschiedliche physikalische Eigenschaften dieser Materialien zum Tragen, bspw. unterschiedliche Leitfähigkeit, Partikelgröße, Gestalt, gegenseitige Adhäsion, usf.It is further within the scope of the invention that different layers are applied to different surface areas of the building material with different constituents of electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting materials. According to a further aspect of the invention, two or more layers may be applied one above the other, each having different constituents of electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting materials. For example. For example, one layer may contain a graphite powder, while another may contain an aluminum powder. Such different materials are used to shield electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths. Here are different physical properties of these materials Wear, for example, different conductivity, particle size, shape, mutual adhesion, etc.

Eine weitere Optimierung erfährt die Erfindung - wie bereits vorstehend erwähnt - dadurch, dass die Oberfläche der/einer Schicht mit wenigstens einem Bestandteil aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material poliert ist. Dadurch kann eine gleichmäßige bzw. glatte Oberfläche erzielt werden, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen (also insbesondere auch die IR-Strahlung) wie ein Spiegel reflektiert. Im Verhältnis zu einer diffusen Reflexion ist dadurch die Abschirmungswirkung deutlich verbessert.As already mentioned above, the invention undergoes further optimization in that the surface of the layer (s) is polished with at least one constituent of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material. As a result, a uniform or smooth surface can be achieved, which reflects the electromagnetic waves (that is to say in particular also the IR radiation) like a mirror. In relation to a diffuse reflection thereby the shielding effect is significantly improved.

Mauersteine mit innen liegenden Hohlkammern werden in den Hohlkammern mit einer GBS versehen. Die Anzahl der mit einer GBS versehenen Hohlkammern reicht dabei von einer bis zur gesamten Anzahl an vorhandenen Hohlkammern des Mauersteins. Dabei kann der Auftrag der GBS sowohl partiell als auch über die gesamte Abwicklung der Hohlkammer erfolgen.Bricks with internal hollow chambers are provided in the hollow chambers with a GBS. The number of cavities provided with a GBS ranges from one to the total number of existing hollow chambers of the brick. In this case, the order of the GBS can be done both partially and over the entire processing of the hollow chamber.

Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt das Beschichten des Baumaterials mit dem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Material bei einem solchen kanalartige, das Baumaterial durchquerende Hohlkammern aufweisenden Mauerstein dadurch, dass das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material zusammen mit dem Trägermaterial unter Druck durch die Hohlkammern geleitet wird.Expediently, the coating of the building material with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material in such a channel-like, the building material traversing hollow chambers having brick in that the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material is passed together with the carrier material under pressure through the hollow chambers ,

Idealerweise wird die gesamte Anzahl an Hohlkammern mit einer GBS versehen, um eine größtmögliche abschirmende Wirkung für elektromagnetische (IR-) Strahlung zu erzielen. Ebenso wird aber in vielen Anwendungsfällen als ausreichend angesehen, die GBS bei einer Rechtecklochung nicht über die gesamte Abwicklung des Lochkanals anzubringen, sondern auf den zur Außenschale (Putzträger) parallelen Flächen, die ja maßgeblich für die Reflexion der Strahlung verantwortlich sind.Ideally, the entire number of hollow chambers is provided with a GBS in order to achieve the greatest possible shielding effect for electromagnetic (IR) radiation. Likewise, however, it is considered sufficient in many applications not to apply the GBS in a rectangular perforation over the entire development of the hole channel, but on the outer shell (plaster base) parallel surfaces, which are indeed responsible for the reflection of the radiation.

Schließlich lässt sich das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Prinzip auch bei Baumaterialien verwirklichen, die aus bindemittelgebundenen künstlichen Steinen bestehen, welche mit Infrarotstrahlung reflektierendem Material und insbesondere mit Graphit versehen sind. Das Graphit lagert sich im Bereich der in diesen Steinen vorhandenen aus Luftblasen bzw. Poren bestehenden Hohlräumen - ähnlich wie bei den beschriebenen Hohlkammern - an der im Inneren des Baumaterials liegenden Oberfläche ab und bildet so die gewünschte Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Beschichtung. Des Weiteren liegt auch ein Mauermörtel bzw. Putzmörtel mit einem eingebetteten, Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Material und insbesondere mit Graphit im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei auch hier das Graphit an innen liegenden Oberflächen von Hohlräumen die gewünschte Beschichtung bilden kann.Finally, the principle underlying the invention can also be realized in building materials consisting of binder-bound artificial stones, which are provided with infrared radiation-reflecting material and in particular with graphite. The graphite deposits in the area of the cavities present in these stones from air bubbles or pores - similar to those described Hollow chambers - on the surface lying in the interior of the building material and thus forms the desired infrared radiation reflective coating. Furthermore, there is also a masonry mortar or plaster with an embedded, infrared radiation-reflecting material and in particular with graphite in the context of the present invention, wherein also here the graphite on inner surfaces of cavities can form the desired coating.

Ganz allgemein ist es bei den erfindungsgemäßen Baumaterialien zur besseren abschirmenden Wirkung denkbar, nebeneinander liegende Steine und/oder die einzelnen Steinreihen über die Lagerfuge hinweg unter Verwendung von elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Materialien miteinander zu verbinden. Darüber hinaus kann dieses System insgesamt geerdet werden.In general, with the building materials according to the invention for a better shielding effect, it is conceivable to connect adjacent stones and / or the individual rows of stones over the bearing joint using electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting materials. In addition, this system can be grounded in total.

Das Baumaterial kann zur Erzielung der erfindungsgemäßen Eigenschaften und Vorteile grundsätzlich stein-, ziegel-, platten- und/oder folienförmige oder auch etwa kugelförmige schüttfähige Gestalt aufweisen und für den Bau und/oder die Verkleidung von Hauswänden, Etagendecken und/oder Dächern verwendet werden. Hierfür kommen neben den bereits zuvor beschriebenen Mauersteinen, Vormauersteinen und Deckensteinen auch Dachziegel oder Betondachsteine und/oder Schüttgutgranulat in Frage.To obtain the properties and advantages according to the invention, the building material may in principle have stone, brick, plate and / or foil-shaped or else spherical form and be used for the construction and / or the lining of house walls, floor coverings and / or roofs. For this purpose, in addition to the previously described bricks, facing bricks and ceiling tiles and roof tiles or concrete tiles and / or bulk granules in question.

Dachziegel, Betondachsteine und Vormauersteine sollten vorzugsweise nur auf einer Seite mit einer GBS versehen werden. Es sollte sich dabei ggf. um die der Witterung abgewandte Seite handeln. Dabei kann der Auftrag der GBS sowohl partiell als auch über die gesamte Fläche erfolgen.Roof tiles, concrete tiles and bricks should preferably be provided with a GBS on one side only. If necessary, it should be the side facing away from the weather. The order of the GBS can take place both partially and over the entire area.

Kontaktstellen im nicht sichtbaren Bereich eines verlegten Dachziegels und/oder eines Betondachsteines, welche z.B. in der Verfalzung partiell aufgebracht sind, sorgen für eine Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Dachelementen. Die Kontaktstellen sollten dazu mit der GBS des betreffenden Dachelementes elektrisch verbunden sein. Es genügt dann, zur Verbindung der einzelnen Dachelemente das übliche Eindeckungsverfahren. Kontaktstellen zur Übertragung elektrischer Leitungen sind dabei ausreichend vorhanden. Das Gesamtsystem kann geerdet werden.Contact points in the non-visible area of a laid roof tile and / or a concrete roof tile, which are partially applied, for example in the Verfalzung, provide a connection between the individual roof elements. The contact points should be electrically connected to the GBS of the relevant roof element. It is then sufficient to connect the individual roof elements, the usual Einsteckungsverfahren. Contact points for the transmission of electrical lines are sufficiently available. The entire system can be grounded.

Einzelne Vormauersteine, welche mit einer GBS versehen sind, können zur besseren Abschirmung elektromagnetischer Strahlungen miteinander verbunden werden. Das Gesamtsystem kann geerdet werden.Individual bricks, which are provided with a GBS, can be interconnected to better shield electromagnetic radiation. The entire system can be grounded.

Es sei an dieser Stelle ausdrücklich noch einmal darauf hingewiesen, dass sich die vorliegende Erfindung nicht nur auf die Verwendung eines mit insbesondere vertikalen und/oder horizontalen Hohlkammern bzw. -räumen versehenen Mauersteins mit einer vor Elektrosmog schützenden und/oder wärmedämmenden Ausrüstung bezieht, wobei die Ausrüstung aus wenigstens einer an dem Baumaterial haftenden Schicht mit wenigstens einem Bestandteil aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Material besteht und auf den Innenwänden der Hohlräume vorgesehen sind; vielmehr lässt sich der Erfindungsgedanke der Wärmedämmung und Elektrosmogabschirmung durch die genannte Schicht auch auf andere Baumaterialien übertragen bzw. bei anderen Materialien anwenden, von denen vorstehend und in den Ansprüchen Beispiele aufgeführt sind, wie etwa Dachziegel, Schüttgutgranulat, Baustoff mit Dämmstoff-Füllung, Mauerputz etc., und die jeweils nicht unbedingt Hohlräume aufweisen, sondern bei denen die Beschichtung mit ähnlichen Effekten in anderen Luft ausgesetzten bzw. an Luft angrenzenden Bereichen vorgesehen ist, und bei denen bisher eine derartige Beschichtung noch gar nicht vorgeschlagen worden ist.It should be emphasized at this point once again that the present invention relates not only to the use of a provided with particular vertical and / or horizontal hollow chambers or spaces brick with protective against electrosmog and / or thermal insulation equipment, wherein the Equipment of at least one adhering to the building material layer with at least one component of an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflecting material and are provided on the inner walls of the cavities; Rather, the inventive concept of thermal insulation and electrosmog shielding can be transferred by said layer on other building materials or apply to other materials, of which above and in the claims examples are listed, such as roof tiles, bulk granules, building material with insulation filling, plaster, etc .. ., And each not necessarily have cavities, but in which the coating is provided with similar effects in other air-exposed or air-adjacent areas, and in which such a coating has not yet been proposed.

Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften, Vorteile und Wirkungen auf der Basis der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung. Hierbei zeigt Fig. 1 einen Mauerstein mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausrüstung in der Draufsicht.Further features, characteristics, advantages and effects on the basis of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention. This shows Fig. 1 a brick with an inventive equipment in plan view.

Bei dem Mauerstein 1 aus Fig. 1 handelt es sich um einen quaderförmigen Hochlochziegel, dessen Breite beispielsweise doppelt so groß ist wie seine Länge und Höhe. Bei dem Bau einer Außenwand wird ein solcher Stein häufig so eingebaut, dass nur seine schmalen Vertikalflächen 2 (Länge x Höhe) parallel zu der betreffenden Wand verlaufen, während seine Breite (in Richtung der längeren Seiten 3) etwa die Wandstärke definiert.At the brick 1 off Fig. 1 it is a cuboid perforated brick whose width is, for example, twice as large as its length and height. In the construction of an outer wall such a stone is often installed so that only its narrow vertical surfaces 2 (length x height) parallel to the wall in question, while its width (in the direction of the longer sides 3) defines approximately the wall thickness.

Der Mauerstein 1 ist zwischen seiner Oberseite 4 und seiner Unterseite von einer großen Anzahl von Hohlräumen 5 in Form von den Mauerstein in Vertikalrichtung durchquerenden Kanälen vollständig durchsetzt. Diese Hohlräume bzw. Löcher 5 sind in zu den Schmalseiten 2 (Länge x Höhe) parallelen Reihen 6 angeordnet. Sie haben bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform einen rechteckigen Querschnitt mit zu diesen Reihen 6 paralleler Längsseite. Da die Hohlräume 5 einer Reihe 6 außerdem gegenüber den Hohlräumen benachbarter Reihen 6 um eine halbe Lochlänge versetzt sind, führen die zwischen den Hohlräumen 5 verbleibenden Mauersteinstege 7 nicht gerade zwischen den Schmalseiten 2 durch, sondern verlaufen etwa mäanderförmig.The brick 1 is completely penetrated between its upper side 4 and its underside by a large number of cavities 5 in the form of channels passing through the brick in the vertical direction. These cavities or holes 5 are in to the narrow sides 2 (length x height) parallel rows 6 are arranged. You have in the illustrated embodiment has a rectangular cross-section with these rows 6 parallel longitudinal side. Since the cavities 5 of a row 6 are also offset from the cavities of adjacent rows 6 by half a hole length, the remaining between the cavities 5 brick bridges 7 do not pass straight between the narrow sides 2, but extend approximately meandering.

Bei diesem Mauerstein 1 sind in der Regel die vertikalen Seitenflächen der Hohlräume 5 zumindest teilweise mit der das elektrisch leitfähige und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material enthaltenden Schicht 8 versehen, wobei es aber auch ausreichend wäre, nur Längsseiten 3, welche üblicherweise parallel zu einer fertigen Mauer verlaufen, mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Material zu beschichten. Diese Schichten 8 bestehen aus pulverisierten Graphitpartikeln bzw. -plättchen, die in einem Bindemittel, bspw. aus Wasserglas, verteilt sind. Sie können partiell aufgetragen sein oder auch durch Eintauchen des gesamten Mauersteins 1 in ein entsprechendes Bad erzeugt werden. Es ist auch möglich, eine entsprechende Flüssigkeit bzw. entsprechende trockene Gemische aus Graphit und Trägermaterialien durch die Hohlräume 5 des Mauersteins 1 hindurch laufen zu lassen bzw. hindurchzudrücken, oder einfach aufzusprühen oder mittels eines der sonstigen, gängigen Oberflächenbeschichtungsverfahren aufzutragen.In this brick 1, the vertical side surfaces of the cavities 5 are at least partially provided with the electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation-reflecting material containing layer 8, but it would also be sufficient only longitudinal sides 3, which are usually parallel to a finished wall run to coat with an electrically conductive and / or infrared radiation reflective material. These layers 8 consist of pulverized graphite particles or platelets which are distributed in a binder, for example from water glass. They may be partially applied or produced by immersing the entire brick 1 in a corresponding bath. It is also possible to run or press through a corresponding liquid or corresponding dry mixtures of graphite and support materials through the cavities 5 of the brick 1, or simply spray or applied by means of one of the other, common surface coating method.

Nach Aushärten des Bindemittels bilden die sich gegenseitig berührenden Graphitplättchen ein elektrisch leitendes Netz nach Art eines Teils eines Faraday'schen Käfigs. Aufgrund der Versetzung benachbarter Reihen 6 wird eine elektromagnetische Welle beim Durchlaufen des Ziegels 1 von einer Schmalseite 2 zur anderen auf einen kaum messbaren Bruchteil der ursprünglichen Signalamplitude abgeschwächt, Elektrosmog wird daher am Durchtritt durch eine mit Mauersteinen 1 erbaute Wand ebenso effektiv gehindert wie IR-Wärmestrahlung.After curing of the binder, the mutually contacting graphite platelets form an electrically conductive network in the manner of a part of a Faraday cage. Due to the displacement of adjacent rows 6, an electromagnetic wave is attenuated when passing through the brick 1 from one narrow side 2 to the other to a barely measurable fraction of the original signal amplitude, electrosmog is therefore effectively prevented from passing through a wall built with bricks 1 as IR heat radiation ,

Die Abschirmung gegen Elektrosmog ist sehr gut, wenn die Beschichtungen 8 der einzelnen Hohlräume 5 durch Eintauchen der Ober- und/oder Unterseite 4 des Mauersteins 1 über die Stege 7 hinweg miteinander in Verbindung stehen. Je nach Herstellungsverfahren können die Außenseiten 2-4 des Mauersteins 1 ebenfalls von der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung 8 bedeckt sein oder aber frei von dieser, was einem anschließenden Aufbringen beispielsweise von Mauerputz zugute kommt, der auf der Graphitschicht nicht so gut halten würde.The shield against electrosmog is very good when the coatings 8 of the individual cavities 5 by immersion of the top and / or bottom 4 of the brick 1 on the webs 7 away with each other. Depending on the manufacturing process, the outer sides 2-4 of the brick 1 may also be covered by the coating 8 according to the invention or free of it, which is a subsequent application, for example, of plaster, which would not hold so well on the graphite layer.

Bei einem in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Ziegel handelt es sich um einen ebenfalls quaderförmigen Vormauerstein, bspw. aus Klinker. Auch kann dieser Stein in vertikaler Richtung von Löchern durchsetzt sein. Allerdings ist hier zur Abschirmung gegenüber Elektrosmog vor allem eine schmale Außenseite (Länge x Höhe) mit einer Beschichtung mit einer elektrisch leitenden Substanz, bspw. Graphit, versehen. Wird dieser Stein so eingebaut, dass die betreffende Beschichtung parallel zu der betreffenden Wand verläuft, so ergibt sich dadurch auch eine gute Abschirmung.In a brick, not shown in the drawing is also a cuboid brick facing brick, for example. From clinker. Also, this stone can be interspersed with holes in the vertical direction. However, here for shielding against electrosmog especially a narrow outer side (length x height) with a coating with an electrically conductive substance, eg. Graphite provided. If this stone is installed in such a way that the relevant coating runs parallel to the relevant wall, this also results in a good shielding.

Von Vorteil ist dabei das als Bindemittel verwendete Wasserglas, welches mit Keramik vergleichbare Eigenschaften aufweist und dadurch bspw. bei starken thermischen Schwankungen nicht von dem Stein abplatzen kann.The advantage here is the water glass used as a binder, which has comparable properties with ceramic and thus, for example, can not flake off the stone at high thermal fluctuations.

Ebenfalls in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt ist ein Dachziegel vom Typ "Biberschwanz" mit einer länglichen, etwa rechteckigen Grundfläche mit gerader Oberkante und leicht geschwungener Unterkante. Die Oberseite ist eben, an der Unterseite befindet sich im Bereich der Oberkante mittig ein etwa hakenförmiger Fortsatz zum Einhängen an einer Dachlatte. In diesem Fall ist die komplette Unterseite mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung mit einer elektrisch leitenden Substanz versehen. Da benachbarte Dachziegel aneinander stoßen und Dachziegel aus benachbarten Reihen einander überlappen, ergibt sich auch hier bereits durch die Beschichtung der Unterseite eine sehr gute Abschirmung.Also not shown in the drawing is a roof tile of the type "beaver tail" with an elongated, approximately rectangular base with a straight top edge and slightly curved bottom edge. The top is flat, at the bottom is located in the region of the upper edge in the middle of a roughly hook-shaped extension for hanging on a roof batten. In this case, the complete underside is provided with a coating according to the invention with an electrically conductive substance. Since adjacent tiles abut each other and roof tiles from adjacent rows overlap each other, here also results from the coating of the bottom very good shielding.

Zusätzlich kann die Beschichtung um die Oberkante herum bis zu einer Kontaktfläche auf der Oberseite gezogen sein. Dadurch werden die Beschichtungen der Dachziegel benachbarter Reihen leitend miteinander verbunden. Wenn sich die Kontaktfläche jeweils in horizontaler bzw. seitlicher Richtung gesehen etwa in der Mitte der Oberkante bzw. des Dachziegels befinden, können damit jeweils auch horizontal benachbarte Ziegel der oberhalb verlaufenden Dachziegel-Reihe miteinander kontaktiert werden, so dass dadurch das gesamte Dach insgesamt als eine einzige, elektrisch leitende Fläche wirkt und eine sehr gute Abschirmung gegenüber Elektrosmog erreicht werden kann.In addition, the coating may be drawn around the top edge to a contact surface on top. As a result, the coatings of the tiles of adjacent rows are conductively connected together. If the contact surface in each case in the horizontal or lateral direction are located approximately in the middle of the upper edge or the roof tile, thus horizontally adjacent bricks of the above tile row can be contacted each other so that thereby the entire roof as a whole single, electrically conductive surface acts and a very good shielding against electrosmog can be achieved.

Eine ähnliche Wirkung wird bei einem ebenfalls nicht in der Zeichnung dargestellten Dachziegel auf einem anderen Weg erzeugt. Hier handelt es sich um einen Dachziegel oder Betondachstein mit einer sog. Verfalzung. Man erkennt, dass dabei benachbarte Kanten jeweils mit zueinander komplementären Profilierungen, hier insbesondere mit Auskehlungen versehen sind, so dass diese Dachelemente einander überlappen und dabei ineinander greifen. Hier sind einerseits wieder die Rückseiten vollständig mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung versehen, außerdem ist diese Beschichtung jeweils in den Bereich der Verfalzung hineingezogen, insbesondere bis zu den aneinander liegenden Flächen in den Auskehlungen. Dabei wird die Beschichtung über wenig-stens eine Kante hinweg gezogen, so dass auch hier eine elektrisch leitende Vernetzung benachbarter Dachelemente stattfindet.A similar effect is produced in another way not shown in the drawing tile. This is a roof tile or concrete roof tile with a so-called. Folded. It can be seen that adjacent edges each have profilings complementary to each other, in particular here are provided with grooves, so that these roof elements overlap each other and thereby interlock. Here, on the one hand, the backs are again completely provided with a coating according to the invention, moreover, this coating is in each case drawn into the region of the fold, in particular up to the adjacent surfaces in the grooves. In this case, the coating is pulled over at least one edge away, so that also takes place here an electrically conductive networking of adjacent roof elements.

Zusammenfassend wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung ein Mauerstein und ein Verfahren zu dessen Beschichtung zur Verfügung gestellt, der die Vorteile der bekannten Mauersteine, nämlich insbesondere gute Wärmedämm- und Elektrosmogabschirmungseigenschaften noch weiter verbessert und gleichzeitig auch die Nachteile dieser bekannten Mauersteine, nämlich insbesondere fehlende bzw. aufwändige Recyclebarkeit sowie Verschlechterung der Vorteile durch Oxidation, vermeidet.In summary, the present invention provides a brick and a method for its coating which further improves the advantages of the known bricks, namely in particular good thermal insulation and electrosmog shielding properties and at the same time also the disadvantages of these known bricks, namely in particular missing or expensive Recyclability and deterioration of the benefits of oxidation, avoids.

Claims (16)

  1. Building material (1) for the construction or the cladding of parts of a building, in particular for external walls of houses, with a finish which provides heat insulation and/or protection against electromagnetic radiation, wherein the finish comprises at least one layer (8) adhering to the building material (1) with at least one component comprising material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation, wherein the building material is constructed in the form of a synthetic brick (1), in particular a light honeycomb brick, with internal cavities (5), wherein the cavities are provided at least partially with the layer (8) containing the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation, wherein the layer (8) is at least almost oxidation-free and wherein the material of the layer (8) which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation does not form a closed oxide layer in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, characterised in that the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is bound in a bonding agent or is fixed on the building material (1) by an inorganic or organic binder.
  2. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the layer (8) which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is corrosion-free.
  3. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the surface of the layer (8) is polished.
  4. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the layer (8) which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation together with the material of the brick (1) is recyclable and is in particular graphite and/or mica and/or an organic binder, in particular cellulose binder.
  5. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised by a mixture containing water glass as well as optionally water as bonding agent and/or binder for the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation.
  6. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a glaze is used as bonding agent and/or binder.
  7. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that surface-active additives for optimising the surface tension are added to the bonding agent and/or binder.
  8. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that different layers with different components comprising materials which are electrically conductive and/or reflect infrared radiation are applied to different areas of the surface of the building material.
  9. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that two or more layers (8) are applied one above the other with different components comprising materials which are electrically conductive and/or reflect infrared radiation.
  10. Building material as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is applied using a carrier material having the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation.
  11. Building material as claimed in at least Claim 15, characterised in that the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is applied only in the region of the cavities (5).
  12. Building material as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation has an emission coefficient (ε) of less than 0.8.
  13. Building material as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the synthetic brick (1) has cavities (5) in the form of hollow chambers (5) passing through the brick in the vertical and/or horizontal direction, and that the hollow chambers are delimited by brick webs (7), wherein the brick webs (7) of one, several or all of the hollow chambers (5) are provided on their vertical and/or horizontal faces with the layer (8) containing the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation.
  14. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the layer (8) which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is solvent-free.
  15. Building material as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the layer (8) which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is constructed in such a way that it can be applied using the dry coating process.
  16. Building material as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material which is electrically conductive and/or reflects infrared radiation is powdered.
EP05755653A 2004-06-01 2005-06-01 Construction material having an heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog Active EP1767078B1 (en)

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PL05755653T PL1767078T3 (en) 2004-06-01 2005-06-01 Construction material having an heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE202004008746U DE202004008746U1 (en) 2004-06-01 2004-06-01 Stone, brick, and film weather-resistant building material for building and/or cladding of house walls, ceilings, and/or roofs, used in the building trade, gives giving improved protection against weather and electrosmog
DE102005009860A DE102005009860A1 (en) 2004-06-01 2005-03-04 Building material for the construction or cladding of house walls or roofs with an anti-electrosmog and / or heat insulating equipment
PCT/EP2005/005901 WO2005120146A2 (en) 2004-06-01 2005-06-01 Construction material having an heat-insulating finish and/or protection against electrosmog and method for production thereof

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EP1767078B1 true EP1767078B1 (en) 2010-09-29

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CH696964A5 (en) 2006-05-23 2008-02-29 Veritec Ag Anlagen Und Geraete Method and apparatus for producing a formed building material
DE102006048444A1 (en) * 2006-10-11 2008-04-17 Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for the relative movement of flow medium and perforated brick
DE102010010957A1 (en) 2010-03-10 2011-09-15 H.C. Carbon Gmbh Building material with heat-insulating property
DE102012112648B4 (en) * 2012-12-19 2016-08-04 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Graphite matrix with crystalline binder

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US2732311A (en) * 1956-01-24 Coating process of producing radiation-
FR2396134A1 (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-01-26 Humbert Jean Claude Prefabricated building elements cast from expanded mica cement - are accurately tongued and grooved and are lightweight
DE59600478D1 (en) * 1995-11-24 1998-10-01 Knauf Westdeutsche Gips Method of shielding rooms from electromagnetic radiation
DE19851504A1 (en) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-11 Ziegeleien Freiburg & Lausanne Heat reflecting layer, method for producing a heat reflecting coating and its use
WO2004041750A1 (en) * 2002-11-04 2004-05-21 Terreal Architectural material provided with a coating and method for obtaining same
DE20315042U1 (en) * 2003-08-12 2004-02-19 Berty, Rolf, Dipl.-Phys. External cladding for roof surfaces has thin coating reflective to electromagnetic waves and of high specific electrical conductivity applied to at least part of sides of roof surface facing sun

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DE102005009860A1 (en) 2005-12-22
WO2005120146A3 (en) 2006-02-09
ATE483354T1 (en) 2010-10-15
EP1767078A2 (en) 2007-03-28
DE502005010312D1 (en) 2010-11-11
PL1767078T3 (en) 2011-05-31

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