EP1764422B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique. - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1764422B1
EP1764422B1 EP20050020130 EP05020130A EP1764422B1 EP 1764422 B1 EP1764422 B1 EP 1764422B1 EP 20050020130 EP20050020130 EP 20050020130 EP 05020130 A EP05020130 A EP 05020130A EP 1764422 B1 EP1764422 B1 EP 1764422B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
housing
ring
cylinder
austenitic steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20050020130
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1764422A1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Bode
Beate Dr. Langenhan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE200550004415 priority Critical patent/DE502005004415D1/de
Priority to EP20050020130 priority patent/EP1764422B1/fr
Priority to CNB2006101729847A priority patent/CN100519777C/zh
Publication of EP1764422A1 publication Critical patent/EP1764422A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1764422B1 publication Critical patent/EP1764422B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/06—Shaping thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
    • C21D7/12—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars by expanding tubular bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/14—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes wear-resistant or pressure-resistant pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a housing with welded neck, in particular a compressor housing made of austenitic steel.
  • Turbomachinery Hydraulic turbines, steam and gas turbines, wind turbines, centrifugal pumps and centrifugal compressors as well as propellers are summarized under the collective term "turbomachinery”. Common to all these machines is that they serve the purpose of depriving one fluid of energy, thereby driving another machine, or conversely, supplying energy to a fluid to increase its pressure.
  • Compressor is here understood to mean a working machine for compressing gases, vapors or the like. Compressors are sometimes used at very low operating temperatures. It may happen that the operating temperatures are less than minus 120 ° C. At these low operating temperatures, cold-hard steels having an austenitic crystal structure are used as material for the casings of the compressors. However, such cold-tough steels with austenitic crystal structure have only a low strength. In the case of solid bodies, toughness means the property of being able to plastically deform under macroscopic mechanical strain under mechanical stress.
  • Toughness may also be understood as the strength of the resistance that a body opposes to a plastic deformation, ie, the magnitude of the stress and / or energy that must be applied for deformation.
  • the opposite of toughness can be called brittleness.
  • Under the Strength is the resistance of a component or material to a change in shape or fracture stress, with a distinction between pressure, tensile, bending, shear or shear and torsional or torsional strength.
  • the casings of the compressors are designed for high temperature, low temperature applications to withstand the internal pressure at low material strengths. Since the austenitic steels also have a low thermal conductivity and a high coefficient of thermal expansion, there is the danger of large temperature transients within the housing and thus the risk of thermal stresses to permanent plastic deformation.
  • the invention sets in whose task it is to provide a method for increasing the strength of housings, for which steels can be used, which can be used at low temperatures.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the strength of austenitic steels can be significantly increased by being plastically deformed before stress relief annealing, without the low temperature toughness substantially decreasing.
  • the plastic deformation is achieved by mechanical stretching in step 1).
  • the austenitic steel is provided as a cylinder housing or as a ring, and the step 1) is carried out by widening the cylinder housing or the diameter of the cylinder housing or the ring with a deforming device and the thickness of the cylinder housing or of the ring is reduced.
  • the invention is based on the aspect that if the austenitic steel is present as a cylinder housing or as a ring, there is a very cost-effective way to plastically deform the ring as a whole.
  • a deformation device is attached to the cylinder housing or the ring in such a way that they are uniformly stretched by a uniform force transmission.
  • the deformation device comprises a conical cylinder.
  • the deforming means may also comprise hydraulic means.
  • a nozzle on an outer wall of the cylinder housing or the ring arranged and welded in a next step to the cylinder housing or the ring, wherein in a next step, the ring is solution annealed and quenched with the neck and then a plastic deformation, wherein the cylinder housing or the ring are widened, wherein in a next step, the ring is stress-annealed with the neck and then drilled passages through the neck and the ring.
  • the invention is based on the aspect that it is advantageous if nozzles are to be attached to the cylinder housing or the ring, that they are attached before stress relief annealing.
  • a compressor housing made of an austenitic steel, wherein the compressor housing is formed substantially annular, wherein the compressor housing was prepared by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 1 6 sub-steps for the production of the compressor housing 1 are shown.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the housing 1 can be seen. The length of the housing 1 is therefore from the FIG. 1 not to be taken.
  • a compressor housing 1 as an embodiment of a cylinder housing or ring at least comprising a housing 2 and two nozzles 4a and 4b shown.
  • the housing 2 is made of an austenitic steel and is formed substantially annular.
  • the housing 2 is formed annularly about a rotation axis 3.
  • two stubs 4a and 4b are provided with a bore 5a and 5b.
  • nozzles 4a and 4b are welded to an outer wall 6 of the housing 2.
  • step 3 the housing 2 is solution annealed and quenched with the nozzles 4a and 4b.
  • the solution heat treatment takes place at temperatures and over periods of time that depend on the choice of material of the housing.
  • the quenching of the housing and the nozzle is done by conventional methods.
  • step 4 the housing 2 is plastically deformed by a deformation device, not shown, whereby the thickness 7 of the housing 2 is reduced.
  • the deforming means may comprise a conical cylinder.
  • the deformation device may comprise hydraulic power drives.
  • other deformation devices are conceivable as well.
  • step 5 the housing 2 and the nozzles 4a and 4b are stress relieved.
  • the temperature and duration of the stress relief annealing is done according to conventional process values, which depend on the choice of austenitic steel.
  • step 6 passages 8a and 8b are bored through the housing 2. Subsequently, a mechanical processing takes place.
  • FIG. 2 the influence of cold deformation on the mechanical properties of the material X5CrNiTi18-10, 1.4541 is shown.
  • the strain is plotted in percent.
  • the consumed impact energy 18 is plotted in the Charpy impact test at minus 196 ° C.
  • Curve 12 shows a clear increase in the 0.2% proof stress as a function of the elongation. At 5% elongation, the 0.2% proof stress has a value of 300 MPa. At an elongation of approximately 50%, the 0.2% proof stress has a threefold value which is approximately 900 MPa.
  • wall thicknesses for compressor housing 1 can be reduced. This would require significantly less material. Another advantage would be that temperature transients and thermal stresses decrease. In addition, the risk of plastic deformation would be reduced by thermal stresses.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une enveloppe munie d'une tubulure soudée, en particulier d'un carter de compresseur, en acier austénitique,
    caractérisé par des étapes suivantes :
    1) on dispose une tubulure (4a, 4b) sur une paroi (6) extérieure d'une enveloppe (2) et,
    2) dans l'étape suivante, on soude la tubulure à l'enveloppe (2),
    3) dans une étape suivante, on soumet l'enveloppe (2) munie de la tubulure (4a, 4b) à un recuit de mise en solution et à une trempe, puis
    4) on produit une déformation plastique de l'acier austénitique, au cours de laquelle l'enveloppe (2) est élargie,
    5) dans une étape suivante, l'enveloppe (2) munie de la tubulure (4a, 4b) est soumise à un recuit de détente, et
    6) on perce ensuite des passages à travers la tubulure (4a, 4b) et l'enveloppe (2).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    suivant lequel, à l'étape 1) la déformation plastique est obtenue par allongement mécanique.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    suivant lequel l'acier austénitique est présent essentiellement sous la forme d'un boîtier cylindrique (1) ou d'un anneau (1) et on réalise l'étape 1) en élargissant le diamètre de l'enveloppe cylindrique (1) ou de l'anneau (1) au moyen d'un dispositif de déformation et en réduisant l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe cylindrique (1) ou de l'anneau (1).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    suivant lequel on utilise un cylindre conique dans le dispositif de déformation et on élargit l'enveloppe cylindrique (1) ou l'anneau (1) en déplaçant le cylindre conique.
EP20050020130 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique. Not-in-force EP1764422B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200550004415 DE502005004415D1 (de) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gehäuses aus austenitischem Stahl.
EP20050020130 EP1764422B1 (fr) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique.
CNB2006101729847A CN100519777C (zh) 2005-09-15 2006-09-15 奥氏体钢生产方法及采用奥氏体钢制造的压缩机壳体

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20050020130 EP1764422B1 (fr) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1764422A1 EP1764422A1 (fr) 2007-03-21
EP1764422B1 true EP1764422B1 (fr) 2008-06-11

Family

ID=35383990

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20050020130 Not-in-force EP1764422B1 (fr) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un boîtier en acier austénitique.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1764422B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100519777C (fr)
DE (1) DE502005004415D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102443895A (zh) * 2011-09-26 2012-05-09 吴江伊兰吉纺织品有限公司 一种新型耐磨钢丝圈的制备方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314847A1 (de) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-25 VEB Federnwerk Zittau, DDR 8800 Zittau Verfahren zur fertigung nahtloser ringe mit verbesserten federeigenschaften
JPS62286610A (ja) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-12 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 熱間継目無鋼管の製法
DE4124689A1 (de) * 1991-07-22 1993-01-28 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens zum beseitigen von formfehlern und abbauen schaedlicher eigenspannungen in laengsnahtgeschweissten rohrstraengen
JP3177555B2 (ja) * 1993-08-18 2001-06-18 日本鋼管株式会社 耐食性、延靭性に優れた高Ｓｉ含有ステンレス継目無鋼管の製造方法
JPH0857505A (ja) * 1994-08-19 1996-03-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼管の製造方法
JP4093006B2 (ja) * 2002-09-30 2008-05-28 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 継目無鋼管の製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100519777C (zh) 2009-07-29
EP1764422A1 (fr) 2007-03-21
CN1974799A (zh) 2007-06-06
DE502005004415D1 (de) 2008-07-24

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