EP1756873A1 - Photodetektor mit spannungsabhängiger spektraler empfindlichkeit - Google Patents
Photodetektor mit spannungsabhängiger spektraler empfindlichkeitInfo
- Publication number
- EP1756873A1 EP1756873A1 EP05747823A EP05747823A EP1756873A1 EP 1756873 A1 EP1756873 A1 EP 1756873A1 EP 05747823 A EP05747823 A EP 05747823A EP 05747823 A EP05747823 A EP 05747823A EP 1756873 A1 EP1756873 A1 EP 1756873A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- photodetector
- semiconductor layers
- semiconductor
- semiconductor layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F30/00—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors
- H10F30/20—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H10F30/21—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H10F30/22—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes
- H10F30/227—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes the potential barrier being a Schottky barrier
- H10F30/2275—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes the potential barrier being a Schottky barrier being a metal-semiconductor-metal [MSM] Schottky barrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photodetector and its use.
- the spectral sensitivity of known photodetectors is primarily determined by the materials used.
- An influencing, i.e. spectral shift in sensitivity is achieved by pre-filtering.
- the principle of additive color mixing the color mixing of the three primary colors red, blue and green, is used for photodectors that are arranged in an array, for example with a CMOS sensor or CCD
- Mitel's special ⁇ B color filing the visible light is divided into its components and evaluated, the downstream software then calculates the individual information and finally combines it into a complete color image.
- the pixels on the chip are vapor-coated with the RGB filters. This means that the primary colors are separated directly on the chip itself Always deliver 3 or 4 pixels of the starting material for a single pixel.
- a complex prism system spectrally splits the incident light and directs it to three separate area sensors, which in turn guarantee more accurate results and higher color fidelity. Disadvantage This process is the complexity of the entire mechanical system, which can be very complex and therefore sometimes more prone to malfunction than the one-shot process.
- photodetectors with stacked color sensors for blue, green and red are known: the Foveon - X3 technology.
- MSM-2DEG diodes are also known as fast photodetectors, "Electrical Behavior of the InP / InGaAs based MSM-2DEG Diode", M. Marso, M. Horstmann, H, Hardtdegen, P. Kordos and H .Lüth, Solid-State Electronics Vol. 41, pp.
- the photodetector according to the invention has at least one first and second semiconductor layer. There are means for contacting one
- Voltage is provided to the semiconductor layers, the voltage in a first voltage range being adjustable such that an electric field essentially limited to the first semiconductor layer is generated for the removal of photogenerated charge carriers.
- the upper limit value of the first range depends on the layer thickness and the used material dependent.
- a highly conductive region is arranged in each case between the semiconductor layers; the highly conductive region is to be understood in such a way that the electrical conductivity is significantly increased compared to the semiconductor layers.
- the number of free charge carriers present in the highly conductive region is increased compared to the semiconductor layers.
- the highly conductive region is achieved by different electrical polarization of the adjacent semiconductor layers.
- the electrical resistance is advantageously reduced to a material-independent value, provided that the charge carriers do not experience any backward scattering of disturbances, and only depends on the fundamental constants h / e 2 (Klitzing constant).
- the free charge carriers present in the highly conductive region have the advantageous effect that they have a shielding effect on the electrical field present in the first semiconductor layer.
- the electric field can expand into the further semiconductor layers. This additional effect means that the jump in the sensitivity of the photodetector is particularly pronounced when the applied voltage is varied is pronounced.
- the highly conductive region is achieved by means of an increased doping compared to the semiconductor layers. This enables the highly conductive region to be produced comparatively simply.
- the highly conductive region has an electron or hole gas.
- it is a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that forms in the interface between the first and second semiconductor layers in the material with the lower band gap,
- the first and second semiconductor layers differ in their spectral sensitivity. This achieves the fact that the spectral sensitivities can be changed and adjusted by varying the applied voltage. Depending on the applied semiconductor layers, different semiconductor layers contribute to the photocurrent and their sensitivities add up. Thus, depending on the materials selected, there can be a pronounced spectral dependence of the sensitivity, which in particular shows different courses depending on the voltage. The spectral sensitivity of the photodetector can be easily adjusted by changing the applied voltage.
- the means for contacting the first semiconductor layer are provided.
- they are provided on the upper side, that is to say on the side lying away from the subsfrat layer.
- the structure of the photodetector can be kept comparatively simple and known semiconductor technology such as epitaxy and photolithography can be used.
- the means for contacting have at least one ohmic contact.
- the voltage drop is smaller in comparison to a Schotfky or pn contact connected in passage, so that more voltage is available for collecting the light-induced charge carriers,
- the means for contacting have at least one Schottky contact, barrier-increased Schottky contact or pn contact.
- This advantageously creates a space charge zone.
- the simplest way of doing this is by means of a Schottky contact switched in the reverse direction.
- the Schottky barrier is too low (high reverse currents, low breakdown voltage) or the provision of a Schottky factor is not possible at all
- the photodetector consists of a metal-semiconductor-metal diode, the semiconductor being the
- HEMT high-electron mobility transistor
- the photodefector has the special advantages of HEMT technology: high switching speeds , comparatively low Sensitivity to ionizing radiation
- the MSM technology is a planar technology, ie corresponding detectors are very easy to manufacture in a few process steps and therefore inexpensive.
- MSM components have a much lower electrical capacity than conventional detectors in the form of pn-electrodes and therefore work much faster, which is beneficial for their use in digital image processing.
- first / second layer InP / InGaAs InAlAs / InGaAs AlGaAs / GaAs AlGaN / GaN.
- Figure 1 shows the layer structure of a photodetector with HEMT layer structure
- FIG. 2 shows the field profile of the electrical field, which is limited to the first semiconductor layer
- Figure 3 shows the expansion of the electric field in the second semiconductor layer
- FIG. 4a shows the photosensitivity as a function of the wavelength of the incident light of the individual layers independently of one another
- FIG. 4b shows the photosensitivity as a function of the wavelength of the incident light from the photodetector
- the photodetector in FIG. 1 is an MSM-2DEG photodiode (metal-semiconductor-metal diode with a two-dimensional one Elektroneng ⁇ s), This has a HEMT layer ⁇ ufb ⁇ u 5, which essentially consists of two layers of different semiconductors: a first layer 1 and a second layer 2, these are applied to a substrate 4 or further buffer layers, not shown, and have different spectral sensitivity a uf.
- a region 3 with 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) forms in the material with the lower band gap. This region 3 can be achieved by suitable doping or by different electrical polarization of the two semiconductors or by a combination of the two measures be generated.
- the means for contacting a voltage to the semiconductor layers comprise two electrodes 6 and 7, which are designed in the form of Schottky contacts.
- a voltage is applied between the two contacts 6 and 7, one Schottky contact is switched in the forward direction, the other in the reverse direction.
- the electrons have a two-finger or interdigital multifinger structure, the finger width is, for example, 10 nm - 10 ⁇ m and the finger spacing 10 nm - 10 ⁇ m; however, both do not have to match in their dimensions.
- the extent of the space charge zone of the reverse-poisoned contact is limited by the highly conductive 2DEG.
- An electric field 8 can only form in the first semiconductor layer 1 between the 2DEG and the surface. When illuminated, therefore, only photogenerated charge carriers from this area can contribute to the generation of a photocurrent.
- Figure 4a shows the different spectral sensitivity of the semiconductor layers in the individual comparison, which in the MSM-2DEG to the O
Landscapes
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004018549A DE102004018549B4 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2004-04-14 | Photodetektor mit spannungsabhängiger spektraler Empfindlichkeit |
| PCT/EP2005/051339 WO2005101529A1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-03-23 | Photodetektor mit spannungsabhängiger spektraler empfindlichkeit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1756873A1 true EP1756873A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 |
Family
ID=34965765
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05747823A Withdrawn EP1756873A1 (de) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-03-23 | Photodetektor mit spannungsabhängiger spektraler empfindlichkeit |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1756873A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004018549B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005101529A1 (de) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0503401A1 (de) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited | Laterale Photodetektor-Vorrichtung, optoelektronische integrierte Schaltung, die dieselbe benutzt, und photo-logische Vorrichtung, die dieselbe benutzt |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4739385A (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1988-04-19 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Modulation-doped photodetector |
| US5181087A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1993-01-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Semiconductor device and method of producing the same |
| US4821093A (en) * | 1986-08-18 | 1989-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Dual channel high electron mobility field effect transistor |
| JP3236624B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-30 | 2001-12-10 | ボーム,マルクス | 光感応性電子素子、その素子を使用したカラーセンサー、及びその素子の製造方法 |
| DE19637126C2 (de) * | 1995-09-12 | 1999-07-22 | Markus Prof Dr Ing Boehm | Variospektral-Vielfarbendiode |
| DE19613820A1 (de) * | 1996-04-09 | 1997-10-23 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Struktur mit einer pin- oder nip-Schichtenfolge |
-
2004
- 2004-04-14 DE DE102004018549A patent/DE102004018549B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-03-23 WO PCT/EP2005/051339 patent/WO2005101529A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-23 EP EP05747823A patent/EP1756873A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0503401A1 (de) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited | Laterale Photodetektor-Vorrichtung, optoelektronische integrierte Schaltung, die dieselbe benutzt, und photo-logische Vorrichtung, die dieselbe benutzt |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004018549A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
| WO2005101529A1 (de) | 2005-10-27 |
| DE102004018549B4 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070102 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WOLTER, MIKE Inventor name: MARSO, MICHEL Inventor name: KORDOS, PETER |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070102 |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100120 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| R18W | Application withdrawn (corrected) |
Effective date: 20100120 |