EP1752623A1 - Desmodromic valve drive - Google Patents

Desmodromic valve drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1752623A1
EP1752623A1 EP06009753A EP06009753A EP1752623A1 EP 1752623 A1 EP1752623 A1 EP 1752623A1 EP 06009753 A EP06009753 A EP 06009753A EP 06009753 A EP06009753 A EP 06009753A EP 1752623 A1 EP1752623 A1 EP 1752623A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
cam
speed range
valve drive
positive
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Granted
Application number
EP06009753A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1752623B1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Schwarzenthal
Joachim Grünberger
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Publication of EP1752623A1 publication Critical patent/EP1752623A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/30Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of positively opened and closed valves, i.e. desmodromic valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a positively controlled valve drive for controlling the opening and closing movement of at least one valve device, with a first driven cam element which controls both the opening and the closing movement of the valve device in a high speed range.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a positively controlled valve train according to the preamble of claim 1, which has a longer life than conventional positively controlled valve trains.
  • the object is achieved with a positively controlled valve drive for controlling the opening and closing movement of at least one valve device, with a first driven cam element which controls both the opening and the closing movement of the valve device in a high speed range, by a second cam element, which in a low speed range controls only the opening movement of the valve device.
  • the two speed ranges relate to the speed of an internal combustion engine in different operating conditions.
  • the first cam element which preferably has two cam contours, is effective only in the high speed range.
  • the second cam element acts in the low speed range against the spring force of a conventional valve closing spring device and therefore requires only one Cam contour.
  • the spring force of the valve closing spring device can be relatively low, since the valve closing spring device only has to take effect in the low speed range. In the low speed range, the first cam element undergoes no wear, since it is not effective.
  • a preferred embodiment of the valvetrain is characterized in that the first cam element has an inner cam contour which cooperates with a connection element in the high speed range and an outer cam contour which in the high speed range makes contact with a contact surface of a coupling device on which also the Attachment element is attached.
  • the large forces acting on the opening and closing acceleration are transmitted to the coupling device via a relatively large contact surface. Due to the large contact surface occurring surface pressures are minimal. The relatively low forces during braking of the valve lift are also transmitted from the inner contour via the connecting element to the coupling device.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling device comprises at least one coupling element which is coupled to a valve stem of the valve device.
  • the coupling element serves to transmit a defined movement of the coupling device to the valve stem, which is guided back and forth in a known manner.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling element is arranged between two collars which are spaced from each other on the valve stem. Thereby, the coupling element is coupled in a simple manner with the valve stem.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling element is connected via at least one first lever arm with the connection element, which bears against the inner cam contour of the first cam element in the high speed range.
  • the coupling element is connected via at least one first lever arm with the connection element, which bears against the inner cam contour of the first cam element in the high speed range.
  • two coupling elements embrace the valve stem like a fork between the two coils.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve train is characterized in that the connecting element is connected via a second lever arm with a bearing journal, which is rotatably mounted.
  • the bearing pin ensures that the coupling element and the connection element can only move on defined paths. Due to the size of the lever arms, the valve lift can be specifically influenced.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the two lever arms are integrally connected to each other at one end in the region of the connecting element.
  • the coupling element, the two lever arms and the bearing pin are integrally connected together and together form the coupling device.
  • a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the second cam element has an outer cam contour, which in the low rotational speed range makes contact with a further contact surface of the coupling device.
  • the outer cam contour of the first cam element has no contact with the associated contact surface.
  • Over the further contact surface is the valve opening movement of the second cam member transmitted against the action of the valve closing spring means on the coupling device. The valve closing movement is effected in the low speed range only by the valve closing spring means.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve train is characterized in that the two cam elements are fastened to a camshaft section, which is displaceable in the axial direction between a first operating position, which is associated with the low speed range, and a second operating position, which is associated with the high speed range ,
  • at least one of the cam members may be axially slidably mounted on the camshaft portion.
  • the second cam element rests with its outer cam contour on the associated contact surface.
  • the outer contour of the first cam element bears against the associated contact surface.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the cam elements for driving two valve devices have a common coupling device which cooperates via the contact surfaces with one of the two cam elements.
  • a positively controlled valve train 1 of an internal combustion engine in particular a motor vehicle engine, shown in different views.
  • the positively controlled valve train 1 serves to control the opening and closing movement of two valves 4, 5.
  • the two valves 4, 5 each have a valve disk 6, 7, which serves to close a (not shown) opening in a working space of the internal combustion engine and release targeted.
  • the closing movement direction of the valve disks 6, 7 is indicated by an arrow 9.
  • the opening movement direction of the valve disks 6, 7 is indicated by an arrow 10.
  • the valve disks 6, 7 are each integrally connected to a valve stem 12, 13.
  • the valve stems 12, 13 are each guided back and forth in the longitudinal direction.
  • the collars 15, 16 each have a contact surface on their mutually facing end faces. The two contact surfaces are spaced apart. Between the two contact surfaces of the collars 15, 16 two coupling elements 18, 19 are arranged, which surround the valve stem 13 like a fork. The coupling elements 18, 19 are integrally connected to a coupling device 20.
  • the coupling device 20 comprises a lever device 22, which starts from a main body 23. From the main body 23 is a bearing pin 24 is made, which has substantially the shape of a hollow circular cylinder. The bearing pin 24 is, as indicated in Figure 2, rotatable about an axis of rotation or pivot axis 26 stored. From the lever device 22 assumes a lug 28, which has a through hole for receiving one end of a bolt 29. The end of the bolt 29 is pressed into the through hole.
  • the projection 28 is integrally connected by a first lever arm 31 with the coupling element 18. On the other side, the projection 28 is integrally connected to the main body 23 of the coupling device 20 via a second lever arm 32.
  • a connecting member 34 which is formed in the present example of a roller, rotatably mounted.
  • the attachment element 34 bears against an inner cam contour 38 of a first cam element 40.
  • the first cam member 40 is fixed in a known manner to a camshaft portion 41 which is rotatably driven.
  • the first cam member 40 has an outer cam contour 44. On the outer cam contour 44 of the first cam member 40 abuts a contact surface 48, which is formed on a connecting web 50 of the coupling device 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows that the connecting web 50 extends between the main body 23 and a further main body 53 of the coupling device 20. From the main body 53, a bearing pin 54 extends, which extends in the opposite direction to the bearing pin 24. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the two basic bodies 23, 53 are integrally connected to one another.
  • a second cam member 60 is attached to the camshaft portion 41.
  • the second cam member 60 has an outer cam contour 64 on which a second contact surface 66 come to rest can, when the camshaft portion 41 is displaced together with the two cam members 40 and 60 in the axial direction.
  • the first contact surface 48 is located on the outer cam contour of the first cam member 40 in abutment.
  • the connecting element 34 is in contact with the inner cam contour of the first cam element 40. In this state, the valves 4, 5 are positively controlled by the two cam contours 38, 44 of the first cam member 40.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that two collars 75, 76 are likewise formed on the valve stem 12, between which two coupling elements 78, 79 are arranged.
  • the coupling elements 78, 79 are integrally connected to the main body 53 via a lever device 82, which is designed analogously to the lever device 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

Force-actuated valve drive comprises a cam element (60) which controls only the opening movement of a valve unit (4, 5) in a low revolution region. Preferred Features: A further cam element (40) has an inner contour (38) for interacting with a binding element (34) in a high revolution region and an outer contour (44) in contact with a contact surface (48) of a coupling device (20) in a high revolution region. The coupling device has coupling elements which are coupled with a valve shaft (13) of the valve unit (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen zwangsgesteuerten Ventiltrieb zum Steuern der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung mindestens einer Ventileinrichtung, mit einem ersten angetriebenen Nockenelement, das in einem hohen Drehzahlbereich sowohl die Öffnungs- als auch die Schließbewegung der Ventileinrichtung steuert.The invention relates to a positively controlled valve drive for controlling the opening and closing movement of at least one valve device, with a first driven cam element which controls both the opening and the closing movement of the valve device in a high speed range.

Zwangsgesteuerte Ventiltriebe oder Ventilsteuerungen werden auch als desmodromische Ventilsteuerungen bezeichnet. Aus dem US-Patent US 1,238,175 ist ein zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb bekannt, der ein Nockenelement mit einer Nockennut aufweist, in die ein Anbindungselement eingreift. Aus der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 01/12958 A1 ist ein Ventiltrieb mit einem angetriebenen Nockenelement, einem von dem Nockenelement verschieb- oder verschwenkbaren Ventilglied und einem flexiblen Umschließungselement bekannt, in dem das Nockenelement drehbar angeordnet ist.Forced-control valve trains or valve controls are also referred to as desmodromic valve controls. From the U.S. Patent No. 1,238,175 a positive-controlled valve train is known, which has a cam element with a cam groove, in which engages a connection element. From the international patent application WO 01/12958 A1 For example, there is known a valvetrain having a driven cam member, a valve member displaceable or displaceable by the cam member, and a flexible enclosing member in which the cam member is rotatably disposed.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen zwangsgesteuerten Ventiltrieb gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu schaffen, der eine höhere Lebensdauer aufweist als herkömmliche zwangsgesteuerte Ventiltriebe.The object of the invention is to provide a positively controlled valve train according to the preamble of claim 1, which has a longer life than conventional positively controlled valve trains.

Die Aufgabe ist bei einem zwangsgesteuerten Ventiltrieb zum Steuern der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung mindestens einer Ventileinrichtung, mit einem ersten angetriebenen Nockenelement, das in einem hohen Drehzahlbereich sowohl die Öffnungs- als auch die Schließbewegung der Ventileinrichtung steuert, durch ein zweites Nockenelement gelöst, das in einem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich nur die Öffnungsbewegung der Ventileinrichtung steuert. Die beiden Drehzahlbereiche beziehen sich auf die Drehzahl einer Brennkraftmaschine in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen. Das erste Nockenelement, das vorzugsweise zwei Nockenkonturen aufweist, ist nur in dem hohen Drehzahlbereich wirksam. Das zweite Nockenelement wirkt im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich gegen die Federkraft einer herkömmlichen Ventilschließfedereinrichtung und benötigt daher nur eine Nockenkontur. Die Federkraft der Ventilschließfedereinrichtung kann relativ gering sein, da die Ventilschließfedereinrichtung nur im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich ihre Wirkung entfalten muss. Im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich erfährt das erste Nockenelement keine Abnutzung, da es nicht wirksam ist.The object is achieved with a positively controlled valve drive for controlling the opening and closing movement of at least one valve device, with a first driven cam element which controls both the opening and the closing movement of the valve device in a high speed range, by a second cam element, which in a low speed range controls only the opening movement of the valve device. The two speed ranges relate to the speed of an internal combustion engine in different operating conditions. The first cam element, which preferably has two cam contours, is effective only in the high speed range. The second cam element acts in the low speed range against the spring force of a conventional valve closing spring device and therefore requires only one Cam contour. The spring force of the valve closing spring device can be relatively low, since the valve closing spring device only has to take effect in the low speed range. In the low speed range, the first cam element undergoes no wear, since it is not effective.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Nockenelement eine innere Nockenkontur, die in dem hohen Drehzahlbereich mit einem Anbindungselement zusammenwirkt, und eine äußere Nockenkontur aufweist, die in dem hohen Drehzahlbereich mit einer Kontaktfläche einer Kopplungseinrichtung Kontakt hat, an der auch das Anbindungselement angebracht ist. Bei der Auslegung von zwangsgesteuerten Ventiltrieben ist es wichtig, dass mit dem Ventiltrieb hohe Beschleunigungen realisiert werden können. Die höchsten Beschleunigungen werden bei der Öffnungs- und Schließbeschleunigung des Ventiltriebs wirksam. Beim Abbremsen des Ventilhubs über den Kuppenbereich des Nockenelements werden aufgrund des größeren Winkelbereichs deutlich kleinere Beschleunigungen wirksam. Hohe Beschleunigungen erzeugen große Massenkräfte. Diese Kräfte müssen zwischen der Nockenwelle, die das Nockenelement antreibt, und dem Ventiltrieb übertragen werden. Gemäß einem wesentlichen Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die bei der Öffnungs- und Schließbeschleunigung wirksamen großen Kräfte über eine relativ große Kontaktfläche auf die Kopplungseinrichtung übertragen. Aufgrund der großen Kontaktfläche sind die auftretenden Flächenpressungen minimal. Die relativ geringen Kräfte beim Abbremsen des Ventilhubs werden von der inneren Kontur über das Anbindungselement ebenfalls auf die Kopplungseinrichtung übertragen.A preferred embodiment of the valvetrain is characterized in that the first cam element has an inner cam contour which cooperates with a connection element in the high speed range and an outer cam contour which in the high speed range makes contact with a contact surface of a coupling device on which also the Attachment element is attached. When designing positively controlled valve trains, it is important that high accelerations can be achieved with the valve train. The highest accelerations become effective at the opening and closing acceleration of the valve train. When braking the valve lift over the crest region of the cam element significantly smaller accelerations are effective due to the larger angular range. High accelerations generate large mass forces. These forces must be transmitted between the camshaft that drives the cam member and the valvetrain. According to an essential aspect of the present invention, the large forces acting on the opening and closing acceleration are transmitted to the coupling device via a relatively large contact surface. Due to the large contact surface occurring surface pressures are minimal. The relatively low forces during braking of the valve lift are also transmitted from the inner contour via the connecting element to the coupling device.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kopplungseinrichtung mindestens ein Kopplungselement umfasst, das mit einem Ventilschaft der Ventileinrichtung gekoppelt ist. Das Kopplungselement dient dazu, eine definierte Bewegung der Kopplungseinrichtung auf den Ventilschaft zu übertragen, der in bekannter Art und Weise hin und her bewegbar geführt ist.A further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling device comprises at least one coupling element which is coupled to a valve stem of the valve device. The coupling element serves to transmit a defined movement of the coupling device to the valve stem, which is guided back and forth in a known manner.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement zwischen zwei Bunden angeordnet ist, die an dem Ventilschaft voneinander beabstandet sind. Dadurch wird das Kopplungselement auf einfache Art und Weise mit dem Ventilschaft gekoppelt.A further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling element is arranged between two collars which are spaced from each other on the valve stem. Thereby, the coupling element is coupled in a simple manner with the valve stem.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement über mindestens einen ersten Hebelarm mit dem Anbindungselement verbunden ist, das im hohen Drehzahlbereich an der inneren Nockenkontur des ersten Nockenelements anliegt. Vorzugsweise umgreifen zwei Kopplungselemente den Ventilschaft gabelartig zwischen den beiden Bunden.A further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the coupling element is connected via at least one first lever arm with the connection element, which bears against the inner cam contour of the first cam element in the high speed range. Preferably, two coupling elements embrace the valve stem like a fork between the two coils.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anbindungselement über einen zweiten Hebelarm mit einem Lagerzapfen verbunden ist, der drehbar gelagert ist. Durch den Lagerzapfen wird sichergestellt, dass sich das Kopplungselement und das Anbindungselement nur auf definierten Bahnen bewegen können. Durch die Größe der Hebelarme kann der Ventilhub gezielt beeinflusst werden.A further preferred embodiment of the valve train is characterized in that the connecting element is connected via a second lever arm with a bearing journal, which is rotatably mounted. The bearing pin ensures that the coupling element and the connection element can only move on defined paths. Due to the size of the lever arms, the valve lift can be specifically influenced.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Hebelarme an jeweils einem Ende im Bereich des Anbindungselements einstückig miteinander verbunden sind. Vorzugsweise sind das Kopplungselement, die beiden Hebelarme und der Lagerzapfen einstückig miteinander verbunden und bilden zusammen die Kopplungseinrichtung.A further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the two lever arms are integrally connected to each other at one end in the region of the connecting element. Preferably, the coupling element, the two lever arms and the bearing pin are integrally connected together and together form the coupling device.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Nockenelement eine äußere Nockenkontur aufweist, die in dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich mit einer weiteren Kontaktfläche der Kopplungseinrichtung Kontakt hat. In dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich hat die äußere Nockenkontur des ersten Nockenelements keinen Kontakt mit der zugehörigen Kontaktfläche. Über die weitere Kontaktfläche wird die Ventilöffnungsbewegung von dem zweiten Nockenelement gegen die Wirkung der Ventilschließfedereinrichtung auf die Kopplungseinrichtung übertragen. Die Ventilschließbewegung wird in dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich nur durch die Ventilschließfedereinrichtung bewirkt.A further preferred exemplary embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the second cam element has an outer cam contour, which in the low rotational speed range makes contact with a further contact surface of the coupling device. In the low speed range, the outer cam contour of the first cam element has no contact with the associated contact surface. Over the further contact surface is the valve opening movement of the second cam member transmitted against the action of the valve closing spring means on the coupling device. The valve closing movement is effected in the low speed range only by the valve closing spring means.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Nockenelemente an einem Nockenwellenabschnitt befestigt sind, der in axialer Richtung zwischen einer ersten Betriebsstellung, die dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich zugeordnet ist, und einer zweiten Betriebsstellung, die dem hohen Drehzahlbereich zugeordnet ist, verschiebbar ist. Alternativ kann mindestens eines der Nockenelemente axial verschiebbar an dem Nockenwellenabschnitt angebracht sein. In der ersten Betriebsstellung liegt das zweite Nockenelement mit seiner äußeren Nockenkontur an der zugehörigen Kontaktfläche an. In der zweiten Betriebsstellung liegt die äußere Kontur des ersten Nockenelements an der zugehörigen Kontaktfläche an.A further preferred embodiment of the valve train is characterized in that the two cam elements are fastened to a camshaft section, which is displaceable in the axial direction between a first operating position, which is associated with the low speed range, and a second operating position, which is associated with the high speed range , Alternatively, at least one of the cam members may be axially slidably mounted on the camshaft portion. In the first operating position, the second cam element rests with its outer cam contour on the associated contact surface. In the second operating position, the outer contour of the first cam element bears against the associated contact surface.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Ventiltriebs ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nockenelemente zum Antreiben von zwei Ventileinrichtungen eine gemeinsame Kopplungseinrichtung aufweisen, die über die Kontaktflächen mit einem der beiden Nockenelemente zusammenwirkt. Dadurch wird auf einfache Art und Weise ein zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb für zwei Ventileinrichtungen geschaffen.A further preferred embodiment of the valve drive is characterized in that the cam elements for driving two valve devices have a common coupling device which cooperates via the contact surfaces with one of the two cam elements. As a result, a positively controlled valve drive for two valve devices is created in a simple manner.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel im Einzelnen beschrieben ist. Dabei können die in den Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung erwähnten Merkmale jeweils einzeln für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination erfindungswesentlich sein. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ventiltriebs;
Figur 2
den Ventiltrieb aus Figur 1 in der Vorderansicht;
Figur 3
den Ventiltrieb aus Figur 1 in der Draufsicht;
Figur 4
den Ventiltrieb aus Figur 1 in der Seitenansicht von rechts und
Figur 5
die Ansicht eines Schnitts entlang der Linie V-V in Figur 4.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment is described in detail. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may each be essential to the invention individually or in any desired combination. Show it:
FIG. 1
a perspective view of a valve gear according to the invention;
FIG. 2
the valve gear of Figure 1 in front view;
FIG. 3
the valve gear of Figure 1 in plan view;
FIG. 4
the valve gear of Figure 1 in the side view from the right and
FIG. 5
the view of a section along the line VV in Figure 4.

In den Figuren 1 bis 5 ist ein zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb 1 einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugmotors, in verschiedenen Ansichten dargestellt. Der zwangsgesteuerte Ventiltrieb 1 dient dazu, die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung von zwei Ventilen 4, 5 zu steuern. Die beiden Ventile 4, 5 weisen jeweils einen Ventilteller 6, 7 auf, der dazu dient, eine (nicht dargestellte) Öffnung in einem Arbeitsraum der Brennkraftmaschine zu verschließen und gezielt freizugeben. Für den Ladewechsel der Brennkraftmaschine sind die Steuerzeitquerschnitte maßgeblich, die sich aus dem Produkt von geöffneter Durchtrittsfläche und Öffnungszeit ergeben. Die Schließbewegungsrichtung der Ventilteller 6, 7 ist durch einen Pfeil 9 angegeben. Die Öffnungsbewegungsrichtung der Ventilteller 6, 7 ist durch einen Pfeil 10 angegeben. Die Ventilteller 6, 7 sind jeweils einstückig mit einem Ventilschaft 12, 13 verbunden. Die Ventilschäfte 12, 13 sind jeweils in Längsrichtung hin und her bewegbar geführt.In Figures 1 to 5, a positively controlled valve train 1 of an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle engine, shown in different views. The positively controlled valve train 1 serves to control the opening and closing movement of two valves 4, 5. The two valves 4, 5 each have a valve disk 6, 7, which serves to close a (not shown) opening in a working space of the internal combustion engine and release targeted. For the change of charge of the internal combustion engine, the control time cross sections are decisive, resulting from the product of open passage area and opening time. The closing movement direction of the valve disks 6, 7 is indicated by an arrow 9. The opening movement direction of the valve disks 6, 7 is indicated by an arrow 10. The valve disks 6, 7 are each integrally connected to a valve stem 12, 13. The valve stems 12, 13 are each guided back and forth in the longitudinal direction.

Im Bereich des freien Endes des Ventilschafts 13 sind zwei Bunde 15, 16 ausgebildet. Die Bunde 15, 16 weisen an ihren einander zugewandten Stirnseiten jeweils eine Anlagefläche auf. Die beiden Anlageflächen sind voneinander beabstandet. Zwischen den beiden Anlageflächen der Bunde 15, 16 sind zwei Kopplungselemente 18, 19 angeordnet, die den Ventilschaft 13 gabelartig umgreifen. Die Kopplungselemente 18, 19 sind einstückig mit einer Kopplungseinrichtung 20 verbunden.In the region of the free end of the valve stem 13, two coils 15, 16 are formed. The collars 15, 16 each have a contact surface on their mutually facing end faces. The two contact surfaces are spaced apart. Between the two contact surfaces of the collars 15, 16 two coupling elements 18, 19 are arranged, which surround the valve stem 13 like a fork. The coupling elements 18, 19 are integrally connected to a coupling device 20.

Die Kopplungseinrichtung 20 umfasst eine Hebeleinrichtung 22, die von einem Grundkörper 23 ausgeht. Von dem Grundkörper 23 geht ein Lagerzapfen 24 aus, der im Wesentlichen die Gestalt eines hohlen Kreiszylinders aufweist. Der Lagerzapfen 24 ist, wie in Figur 2 angedeutet ist, um eine Drehachse oder Schwenkachse 26 drehbar gelagert. Von der Hebeleinrichtung 22 geht ein Ansatz 28 aus, der ein Durchgangsloch zur Aufnahme eines Endes eines Bolzens 29 aufweist. Das Ende des Bolzens 29 ist in das Durchgangsloch eingepresst.The coupling device 20 comprises a lever device 22, which starts from a main body 23. From the main body 23 is a bearing pin 24 is made, which has substantially the shape of a hollow circular cylinder. The bearing pin 24 is, as indicated in Figure 2, rotatable about an axis of rotation or pivot axis 26 stored. From the lever device 22 assumes a lug 28, which has a through hole for receiving one end of a bolt 29. The end of the bolt 29 is pressed into the through hole.

In Figur 4 sieht man, dass der Ansatz 28 durch einen ersten Hebelarm 31 einstückig mit dem Kopplungselement 18 verbunden ist. Auf der anderen Seite ist der Ansatz 28 über einen zweiten Hebelarm 32 einstückig mit dem Grundkörper 23 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20 verbunden.In Figure 4 it can be seen that the projection 28 is integrally connected by a first lever arm 31 with the coupling element 18. On the other side, the projection 28 is integrally connected to the main body 23 of the coupling device 20 via a second lever arm 32.

In der in Figur 5 dargestellten Schnittansicht sieht man, dass ein Ende des Bolzens 29 auf der dem Lagerzapfen 24 abgewandten Seite aus dem Ansatz 28 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20 heraus ragt. An dem herausragenden Ende des Bolzens 29 ist ein Anbindungselement 34, das im vorliegenden Beispiel von einer Rolle gebildet wird, drehbar angebracht. Das Anbindungselement 34 liegt an einer inneren Nockenkontur 38 eines ersten Nockenelements 40 an. Das erste Nockenelement 40 ist in bekannter Art und Weise an einem Nockenwellenabschnitt 41 befestigt, der drehbar angetrieben ist. An seinem äußeren Umfang weist das erste Nockenelement 40 eine äußere Nockenkontur 44 auf. An der äußeren Nockenkontur 44 des ersten Nockenelements 40 liegt eine Kontaktfläche 48 an, die an einem Verbindungssteg 50 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20 ausgebildet ist.In the sectional view shown in Figure 5 it can be seen that one end of the bolt 29 projects on the side facing away from the bearing pin 24 from the projection 28 of the coupling device 20 out. At the protruding end of the bolt 29, a connecting member 34, which is formed in the present example of a roller, rotatably mounted. The attachment element 34 bears against an inner cam contour 38 of a first cam element 40. The first cam member 40 is fixed in a known manner to a camshaft portion 41 which is rotatably driven. At its outer periphery, the first cam member 40 has an outer cam contour 44. On the outer cam contour 44 of the first cam member 40 abuts a contact surface 48, which is formed on a connecting web 50 of the coupling device 20.

In Figur 5 sieht man, dass sich der Verbindungssteg 50 zwischen dem Grundkörper 23 und einem weiteren Grundkörper 53 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20 erstreckt. Von dem Grundkörper 53 geht ein Lagerzapfen 54 aus, der sich in der entgegengesetzten Richtung zu dem Lagerzapfen 24 erstreckt. Die beiden Grundkörper 23, 53 sind, wie man in Figur 3 sieht, einstückig miteinander verbunden.FIG. 5 shows that the connecting web 50 extends between the main body 23 and a further main body 53 of the coupling device 20. From the main body 53, a bearing pin 54 extends, which extends in the opposite direction to the bearing pin 24. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the two basic bodies 23, 53 are integrally connected to one another.

In einem Abstand zu dem ersten Nockenelement 40 ist an dem Nockenwellenabschnitt 41 ein zweites Nockenelement 60 angebracht. Das zweite Nockenelement 60 weist eine äußere Nockenkontur 64 auf, an der eine zweite Kontaktfläche 66 zur Anlage kommen kann, wenn der Nockenwellenabschnitt 41 zusammen mit den beiden Nockenelementen 40 und 60 in axialer Richtung verschoben wird. Bei hohen Drehzahlen befindet sich die erste Kontaktfläche 48 an der äußeren Nockenkontur des ersten Nockenelements 40 in Anlage. Gleichzeitig befindet sich das Anbindungselement 34 an der inneren Nockenkontur des ersten Nockenelements 40 in Anlage. In diesem Zustand werden die Ventile 4, 5 durch die beiden Nockenkonturen 38, 44 des ersten Nockenelements 40 zwangsgesteuert. Wenn der Nockenwellenabschnitt 41 mit den beiden Nockenelementen 40, 60 in axialer Richtung verschoben wird, was in einem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich der Fall ist, dann befindet sich die äußere Nockenkontur 44 des ersten Nockenelements 40 nicht mehr in Anlage an der ersten Kontaktfläche 48 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20. Des Weiteren befindet sich das Anbindungselement 34 nicht mehr in Anlage an der inneren Nockenkontur 38 des ersten Nockenelements 40. Im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich kommt die äußere Nockenkontur 64 des zweiten Nockenelements 60 an der zweiten Kontaktfläche 66 der Kopplungseinrichtung 20 zur Anlage. In diesem Zustand, der in den Figuren nicht dargestellt ist, wird die Öffnungsbewegung der Ventile 4, 5 durch die äußere Nockenkontur 64 des zweiten Nockenelements 60 gesteuert. Die Schließbewegung der Ventile 4, 5 wird in diesem Zustand durch eine (nicht dargestellte) herkömmliche Ventilschließfedereinrichtung erzeugt.At a distance from the first cam member 40, a second cam member 60 is attached to the camshaft portion 41. The second cam member 60 has an outer cam contour 64 on which a second contact surface 66 come to rest can, when the camshaft portion 41 is displaced together with the two cam members 40 and 60 in the axial direction. At high speeds, the first contact surface 48 is located on the outer cam contour of the first cam member 40 in abutment. At the same time, the connecting element 34 is in contact with the inner cam contour of the first cam element 40. In this state, the valves 4, 5 are positively controlled by the two cam contours 38, 44 of the first cam member 40. When the camshaft portion 41 is displaced with the two cam members 40, 60 in the axial direction, which is the case in a low speed range, then the outer cam contour 44 of the first cam member 40 is no longer in contact with the first contact surface 48 of the coupling device 20th Furthermore, the attachment element 34 is no longer in contact with the inner cam contour 38 of the first cam element 40. In the low rotational speed range, the outer cam contour 64 of the second cam element 60 abuts against the second contact surface 66 of the coupling device 20. In this state, which is not shown in the figures, the opening movement of the valves 4, 5 is controlled by the outer cam contour 64 of the second cam member 60. The closing movement of the valves 4, 5 is generated in this state by a conventional valve closing spring device (not shown).

In den Figuren 1 und 2 sieht man, dass an dem Ventilschaft 12 ebenfalls zwei Bunde 75, 76 ausgebildet sind, zwischen denen zwei Kopplungselemente 78, 79 angeordnet sind. Die Kopplungselemente 78, 79 sind über eine Hebeleinrichtung 82, die analog zu der Hebeleinrichtung 22 gestaltet ist, einstückig mit dem Grundkörper 53 verbunden.In FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that two collars 75, 76 are likewise formed on the valve stem 12, between which two coupling elements 78, 79 are arranged. The coupling elements 78, 79 are integrally connected to the main body 53 via a lever device 82, which is designed analogously to the lever device 22.

Claims (10)

Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb zum Steuern der Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung mindestens einer Ventileinrichtung (4,5), mit einem ersten angetriebenen Nockenelement (40), das in einem hohen Drehzahlbereich sowohl die Öffnungs- als auch die Schließbewegung der Ventileinrichtung (4,5) steuert, gekennzeichnet durch ein zweites Nockenelement (60), das in einem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich nur die Öffnungsbewegung der Ventileinrichtung (4,5) steuert.Positively controlled valve drive for controlling the opening and closing movement of at least one valve means (4,5) having a first driven cam element (40) which controls both the opening and the closing movement of the valve means (4,5) in a high speed range in by a second cam element (60) which controls only the opening movement of the valve device (4, 5) in a low speed range. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Nockenelement (40) eine innere Nockenkontur (38), die in dem hohen Drehzahlbereich mit einem Anbindungselement (34) zusammenwirkt, und eine äußere Nockenkontur (44) aufweist, die in dem hohen Drehzahlbereich mit einer Kontaktfläche (48) einer Kopplungseinrichtung (20) Kontakt hat, an der auch das Anbindungselement (34) angebracht ist.A positive-drive valve train as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first cam member (40) has an inner cam contour (38) cooperating with a tether (34) in the high speed range and an outer cam contour (44) located in the high speed range with a contact surface (48) of a coupling device (20) has contact on which also the connection element (34) is mounted. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kopplungseinrichtung (20) mindestens ein Kopplungselement (18,19) umfasst, das mit einem Ventilschaft (13) der Ventileinrichtung (5) gekoppelt ist.Forced-control valve drive according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling device (20) comprises at least one coupling element (18, 19) which is coupled to a valve stem (13) of the valve device (5). Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement (18,19) zwischen zwei Bunden (15,16) angeordnet ist, die an dem Ventilschaft (13) voneinander beabstandet sind.A positive-controlled valve drive according to claim 3, characterized in that the coupling element (18, 19) is arranged between two collars (15, 16) which are spaced from one another on the valve stem (13). Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kopplungselement (18,19) über mindestens einen ersten Hebelarm (31) mit dem Anbindungselement (34) verbunden ist, das im hohen Drehzahlbereich an der inneren Nockenkontur (38) des ersten Nockenelements (40) anliegt.Positive-controlled valve drive according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the coupling element (18,19) via at least one first lever arm (31) with the connecting element (34) is connected, in the high speed range on the inner cam contour (38) of the first cam element (40) is present. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anbindungselement (34) über einen zweiten Hebelarm (32) mit einem Lagerzapfen (24) verbunden ist, der drehbar gelagert ist.Positive-controlled valve drive according to claim 5, characterized in that the connection element (34) via a second lever arm (32) with a bearing pin (24) is connected, which is rotatably mounted. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Hebelarme (31,32) an jeweils einem Ende im Bereich des Anbindungselements (34) über einen Ansatz (28) einstückig miteinander verbunden sind.Forced-control valve drive according to claim 6, characterized in that the two lever arms (31, 32) are integrally connected to one another in each case at one end in the region of the connection element (34) via a projection (28). Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Nockenelement (60) eine äußere Nockenkontur (64) aufweist, die in dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich mit einer weiteren Kontaktfläche (66) der Kopplungseinrichtung (20) Kontakt hat.Positive-controlled valve drive according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the second cam element (60) has an outer cam contour (64) which in the low speed range with a further contact surface (66) of the coupling device (20) has contact. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Nockenelemente (40,60) an einem Nockenwellenabschnitt (41) befestigt sind, der in axialer Richtung zwischen einer ersten Betriebsstellung, die dem niedrigen Drehzahlbereich zugeordnet ist, und einer zweiten Betriebsstellung, die dem hohen Drehzahlbereich zugeordnet ist, verschiebbar ist.A positive-drive valve train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two cam elements (40, 60) are fastened to a camshaft section (41) which is connected in the axial direction between a first operating position, which is assigned to the low speed range, and a second operating position, which is assigned to the high speed range, is displaceable. Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nockenelemente (40,60) zum Antreiben von zwei Ventileinrichtungen (4,5) eine gemeinsame Kopplungseinrichtung (20) aufweisen, die über die Kontaktflächen (48,66) mit einem der beiden Nockenelemente (40,60) zusammenwirkt.Forced-control valve drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cam elements (40, 60) for driving two valve devices (4, 5) have a common coupling device (20) which extends over the contact surfaces (48, 66) with one of the two Cam elements (40,60) cooperates.
EP20060009753 2005-08-13 2006-05-11 Desmodromic valve drive Expired - Fee Related EP1752623B1 (en)

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DE200510038502 DE102005038502B3 (en) 2005-08-13 2005-08-13 Forced-control valve train

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1238175A (en) 1917-04-09 1917-08-28 Hulbert S Clark Elastic puppet-valve.
WO2001012958A1 (en) 1999-08-12 2001-02-22 Stefan Battlogg A valve drive in particular for combustion engines of motor vehicles
WO2003040525A1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-15 Geoffrey Oswald Nevin A grooved-cam valve drive mechanism for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4236655A1 (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-05 Porsche Ag Valve drive for an internal combustion engine
JP4145769B2 (en) * 2003-10-20 2008-09-03 本田技研工業株式会社 Forced open / close valve gear

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1238175A (en) 1917-04-09 1917-08-28 Hulbert S Clark Elastic puppet-valve.
WO2001012958A1 (en) 1999-08-12 2001-02-22 Stefan Battlogg A valve drive in particular for combustion engines of motor vehicles
WO2003040525A1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-15 Geoffrey Oswald Nevin A grooved-cam valve drive mechanism for internal combustion engines

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EP1752623B1 (en) 2009-07-22
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