EP1752256A1 - Screwdriver - Google Patents

Abstract

The screwdriver (1) has a grasp (2) and a replaceable functional part (5). The functional part has a supporting surface (14) which pushes away toward the grasp at an area (12). In the grasp a movement element (39) is provided being relocatable into a longitudinal direction (12-12) and a check element (22) secures the functional part in an operating position in relation to a movement from the grasp. The movement of the movement element into the longitudinal direction of the grasp is coupled with a movement of the check element in radial direction of the grasp.

Description

The invention relates to a screwdriver with a handle and a replaceable functional part according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a screwdriver with a handle and a replaceable functional part according to the preamble of claim 14.

STATE OF THE ART

Out DE 10 2004 011 892 A1 a screwdriver with a handle is known, which is designed in several parts and has a storage chamber for screwdriver bits. The storage chamber can be opened by relative axial displacement of two handle parts, wherein the closed state of the two handle parts is secured by a detent. A release of the detent is possible by pressing a push button, which is arranged on a side opposite to a functional part of the screwdriver front side of the screwdriver. For this purpose, a handle part has a latching projection which cooperates in the closed state with a latching step of the other handle part. The latching projection is arranged on a spring arm which is elastic in the radial direction and which engages in operative connection via a bevel with the pushbutton such that an axial movement of the pushbutton is converted into a radial movement of the spring arm and thus of the latching projection for releasing the detent. For receiving a functional part, a handle part has a stepped blind bore on transverse to the longitudinal axis of the blind hole and the handle oriented annular transverse surfaces on which an axial support of a support surface of the functional part. In the handle may be arranged as a blade or interchangeable functional part.

US 2002/0170394 A1 also relates to a screwdriver with a two-part handle, which forms a storage chamber for a screwdriver bit.

From the publication DE 20 2004 002 440 U1 and the not pre-published applications DE 10 2004 010 794.7 . DE 10 2004 035 384.0 and DE 10 2004 037 429.5 a screwdriver is known in which a replaceable functional part in the end region facing the handle has an end piece which has a cone-shaped support surface, with which the functional part is supported in the direction of the handle on a likewise conical counter surface of the handle. To secure the functional part against disengagement from the handle of the screwdriver has a holding device which is inserted radially into a groove of the end piece and can be solved by radial actuation of an integrated handle in the handle button.

Out US 6,363,820 B1 It is known between a handle and a functional part, here a screwdriver insert to arrange in a cavity of the handle a radially elastic retaining element which is radially compressed with the onset of the functional part and thus frictionally engaged both with the handle and with the Function part is connected.

Out Wera - The Wrench Catalog, Issue 1993, pages 26-29 as well as 38-43 and DE 44 47 503 C2 screwdrivers are known in which the functional part is permanently connected to the handle.

US 1,473,186 relates to a screwdriver in which also the functional part is not detachably connected to the handle, wherein, however, a pivoting of the functional part about an axis oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the screwdriver relative to the handle is possible.

Out DE-GM 1 861 500 a screwdriver with a replaceable functional part is known in which the functional part is secured axially relative to the handle via a radially actuated holding device.

Other screwdrivers are for example DE-GM 7 135 254 . US 5,957,014 known.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

• einer Abstützung der auf das Funktionsteil wirkenden Kräfte an dem Griff,
• einer Sicherung des Funktionsteils gegenüber dem Griff,
• den Fertigungsanforderungen und -kosten und/oder
• einer Bedienung des Schraubendrehers bei einem Auswechseln des Funktionsteils besonderes Augenmerk gewidmet ist.

The present invention has for its object to provide an alternative or improved design for a screwdriver, in the

• a support of the force acting on the functional part forces on the handle,
• a fuse of the functional part against the handle,
• the manufacturing requirements and costs and / or
• an operation of the screwdriver in a replacement of the functional part is given special attention.

SOLUTION

The object of the invention is achieved with the features of independent claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent according to the dependent claims 2-13.

Another solution of the invention is based task is given according to the features of independent claim 14. Further embodiments of this solution will become apparent from the dependent claims 15-20.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. a) Das Funktionsteil muss gegenüber einem Herausfallen aus dem Griff in eine Längsrichtung des Schraubendrehers gesichert sein.
2. b) In die Längsrichtung entgegengesetzt zur Längsrichtung gemäß a) muss eine zuverlässige Abstützung des Funktionsteils gegenüber dem Griff gewährleistet sein, damit von einem Benutzer große Normalkräfte aufgebracht werden, die im Bereich einer Funktionsspitze des Funktionsteils auf eine Schraube o. ä. übertragen werden können, damit ohne eine Beschädigung der Schraube große Drehmomente durch den Schraubendreher übertragen werden können.

The present invention is based initially on the finding that a connection between handle and functional part in a screwdriver has to fulfill several functions:

1. a) The functional part must be secured against falling out of the handle in a longitudinal direction of the screwdriver.
2. b) In the longitudinal direction opposite to the longitudinal direction according to a) a reliable support of the functional part against the handle must be ensured so that of a large normal forces are applied to a user who can be transferred to a screw o. Ä. In the range of a functional tip of the functional part, so that large torques can be transmitted through the screwdriver without damaging the screw.

For securing the functional part against falling out according to a) only low holding forces between the handle and functional part are required. On the other hand, the forces to be transmitted in the opposite longitudinal direction of the screwdriver according to b) are relatively large. This fact is inventively taken into account that the functional part has a support surface with which the functional part is supported in the direction of the handle on a counter surface of the handle. Support surface and counter surface ensure this reliable support, which by design of the shape and size of the support surface and counter surface targeted support can be influenced. For example, the effective surface pressure can be predetermined by exerting a normal force on the functional part on the size of the aforementioned surfaces. Furthermore, by specifying the elasticities of the support surface and the counter surface, an elastic behavior of the screwdriver in the longitudinal direction can be intentionally predetermined or avoided.

In the opposite direction according to the invention another support, in which specifically the requirements for securing against falling out and possibly a suitable operation by the user can be taken into account. For this purpose, a movement element is provided in the handle, which is displaceable in a longitudinal direction of the handle. Characterized in that the handle is usually adapted to the length of a hand, sufficient space is available in the handle to provide such a longitudinally displaceable motion element. Such a movement element is preferably suitable for receiving and / or transmitting forces applied by the user to the functional part and / or an actuating element of the handle. The movement element may be arranged with radial play in the handle or be guided relative to the handle in its movement in the longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, the invention provides in the handle a locking or locking element, which secures the functional part against movement out of the handle.

A latching element is understood, for example, as an element which secures a securing of the functional part up to an application of a limiting force by the user, while reversing the limiting force without destroying the latching element reversibly eliminates the securing effect. Possibly releasing the locking element is accompanied by an elastic deformation of components of the locking element. In this case, the locking effect can be produced by a form or frictional connection.

Under a blocking element , for example, an element can be subsumed in which the securing effect is independent of applied by the user on the functional part forces up to a destruction of the blocking element, while a release of the blocking element only by special measures, such as the operation of an actuator, possible is. In particular, the blocking element is provided with a positive connection, which can only be solved by actuation of the actuating member.

Furthermore, the invention proposes that the movement of the movement element in the longitudinal direction of the handle is coupled with a movement of the latching or blocking element in the radial direction of the handle. Such a coupling can take place via any transmission mechanism, a geared connection, intermediary transmission elements or the like. In the event that the user exerts forces in the longitudinal direction of the handle, whether by acting on the functional part or by acting on an actuator, or influences its position or movement, this can be converted according to the invention into a desired movement of the latching or locking element.

• Die konusförmige Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche erzeugt automatisch eine Zentrierwirkung, die eine schnelle und Fehler vermeidende Montage des Funktionsteils in dem Griff unterstützen kann.
• Gleichzeitig kann in einer Betriebsstellung eine exakte radiale Ausrichtung des Funktionsteils gegenüber dem Griff gewährleistet werden.
• Im Falle gleicher Konuswinkel von Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche wird durch diese Flächen u. U. die Orientierung des Funktionsteils gegenüber dem Griff vorgegeben, so dass ein Fluchten der Längsachsen von Griff und Funktionsteil gewährleistet ist.
• Weiterhin kann durch den Öffnungswinkel der konusförmigen Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche eine gewisse Klemmwirkung erzeugt werden, so dass mit einer Vergrößerung einer Anpressung des Schraubendrehers an eine Schraube sowohl die axiale Abstützkraft als auch eine radiale Führungskraft im Bereich von Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche vergrößert werden. Damit kann mit zunehmender Belastung des Schraubendrehers eine Anbindung zwischen Funktionsteil und Griff verstärkt werden. Die konusförmigen Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche können hierbei im Querschnitt kreisförmig ausgebildet sein, wobei in diesem Fall über zusätzliche Flächen oder Abstützungen einer Übertragung des Drehmoments Rechnung getragen werden kann. Ebenfalls möglich ist eine Gestaltung der Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche mit einem nicht runden Querschnitt, so dass neben den zuvor erwähnten Funktionalitäten Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche eine formschlüssige Übertragung des Drehmoments zwischen Griff und Funktionsteil ermöglicht wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist ebenfalls eine reibschlüssige Abstützung von Kräften oder Momenten im Bereich von Abstützfläche und Gegenfläche möglich.

According to a further embodiment of the screwdriver according to the invention, the support surface and the counter surface are formed conical. Accordingly, as an additional function to the cited functions a) and b), a "guidance" of the functional part can take place in the grip:

• The cone-shaped support surface and counter surface automatically generates a centering effect that can support a fast and error-avoiding mounting of the functional part in the handle.
• At the same time, an exact radial alignment of the functional part with respect to the handle can be ensured in an operating position.
• In the case of the same cone angle of the support surface and counter surface u. U. given the orientation of the functional part relative to the handle, so that an alignment of the longitudinal axes of the handle and functional part is guaranteed.
• Furthermore, a certain clamping action can be generated by the opening angle of the cone-shaped support surface and counter surface, so that with an increase in contact pressure of the screwdriver on a screw both the axial support force and a radial guide force in the area of support surface and counter surface are increased. This can be reinforced with increasing load on the screwdriver a connection between the functional part and the handle. The cone-shaped support surface and counter surface can be circular in cross-section, in which case additional surfaces or supports a transmission of torque can be taken into account. Also possible is a design of the support surface and counter surface with a non-round cross-section, so that in addition to the aforementioned functionalities support surface and counter surface a positive transmission of torque between the handle and functional part is possible. Alternatively or additionally, a frictional support of forces or moments in the region of the support surface and counter surface is also possible.

In the event that the screwdriver is to be adapted for a field of application with a work on electrical systems, it is advantageous if the functional part has an insulating jacket, for example, the arranged in the handle end portion of the functional part and an immediately adjoining, from the handle encloses protruding part of the functional part, but leaves a functional tip.

A small required installation space may result if in the screwdriver according to the invention only a latching or locking element is provided which enters into operative connection with the functional part. Furthermore, by using only one locking or locking element u. U. a multiple fit of several such locking or locking elements are avoided, which would require the provision of additional elasticity or increased manufacturing accuracy.

According to an alternative embodiment, two locking or locking elements are provided, which come into operative connection on opposite sides with the functional part.

In this case, the latching or locking elements can act in opposite radial directions, which also means that the forces acting on the latching or locking elements can compensate (as far as possible).

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the movement element and the latching or blocking element are integrally formed by a securing element. As a result, the number of components of the screwdriver can be reduced, which can reduce manufacturing costs and manufacturing costs, assembly costs and / or vulnerability of the screwdriver against damage.

For example, the movement of the locking element in the radial direction is accompanied by an elastic deformation of the securing element. In this case, the movement of the moving element on one and the same part, namely the securing element, is converted into an elastic formation for effecting the movement of the locking element in the radial direction.

In an alternative embodiment, the securing element is formed with a rigid or elastic pivot lever. The pivot lever is pivotable about an axis oriented substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the handle. One end region of the pivot lever forms the movement element and the other end region of the pivot lever forms a latching or blocking element. In such a case, moving element and locking or blocking element can move on circular paths of the same or different diameter about the axis, wherein a tangent to the circular path of the moving element substantially corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the handle and a tangent to the circular path of the locking or locking element approximately corresponds to a radial orientation. In an alternative embodiment, the securing element may be formed with an angled lever. For an embodiment of a securing element with a pivoting lever or angled lever, a transformation of the movement and forces of the moving element and the latching or locking element can take place in accordance with the selected lever ratios. As a result, for example, a short stroke of the actuator can be generated or a small required actuating force for the actuator can be brought about. Furthermore, about the pivot lever or lever overlapping axis u. U. given a good guide the movement of the fuse element.

In the case of use of at least one locking element, the releasing movement of the same can be brought about by the functional part of the user forces, so that the functional part can be released from the handle, without, for example, actuators must be provided in the region of the handle, which is additionally actuated Need to become. As a result, a robust design of the outer lateral surface of the handle is possible.

Alternatively or additionally, the movement of the locking or locking element and the movement element by a front-side actuator, such as a push button, be brought about. In this case, the actuating member can be actuated in the longitudinal direction of the handle, so that the movement of the actuating member and acting on this forces can be transferred in a simple manner to the moving element and thus to the locking or locking element. The arrangement of the actuator in the region of an end face of the handle has the advantage that during the application of moments on the screwdriver this end face is not necessarily acted upon, whereby u. U. unintentional release of the functional part is avoided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible that the movements of the locking or locking element and the movement element are coupled together with the interposition of the functional part.

According to a further solution according to the invention extends in the handle at least one spring arm in the longitudinal direction of the handle. The spring arm is radially elastic, wherein the radial elasticity can be used on the one hand for generating a latching or locking force and on the other hand can ensure that in an operating position in which the functional part is secured against movement out of the handle, the Latching or blocking element comes radially into engagement with a groove of the functional part. Advantageously, this embodiment of the invention uses in the longitudinal direction of the handle sufficiently existing space. On the material properties of the spring arm, in particular the rigidity, the extension of the spring arm in the radial direction and the length of the spring arm, the locking or locking behavior can be easily defined constructively.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the spring arm extends in the direction of the end facing away from the functional part. Accordingly, a particular simple interaction between the spring arm or the latching or locking element can be brought about with an optionally arranged in the region of the front side Betätigungsorgang. Even without such an operation with a fixed end face can be separated in this way on the one hand, a first functional area with the support surface for supporting acting on functional parts and handle pressure forces and on the other hand, a second functional area to achieve a holding effect in different portions of the handle.

Spring arm and locking or locking element may be formed separately from other components of the handle, for example, be materially connected to this. In a further screwdriver according to the invention spring arm and locking or locking elements are integrally formed by a further handle part, such as a core or an outer elastic sheath.

An increase in the securing effect and / or a certain symmetry of the forces acting can be achieved according to the invention in that a plurality of uniformly or non-uniformly distributed over the circumference spring arms are provided, each having a locking or locking element.

According to a development of the screwdriver according to the invention, an approximately hollow-cylindrical cavity is provided radially on the outside of the latching or blocking elements. Basically, a cavity is required so that the latching or locking elements can be deformed radially outward under elastic deformation of the spring arms. An approximately hollow cylindrical cavity fulfills this function and is particularly easy to manufacture, for example by means of a hollow cylindrical core in an injection molding process or via an introduction of an annular cutout in a handle.

A simple manufacture of the screwdriver according to the invention may result if the inner boundary of the spring arms is part of the recess or bore for the functional part, since in this case the inner boundary can be manufactured together with the recess or bore for the functional part.

According to a further embodiment, the spring arms are separated in the circumferential direction by slots or gaps of each other, these slots or spaces can be made by suitable cutouts or cores during injection molding of the handle.

Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the entire description. Further features are the drawings - in particular the illustrated geometries and the relative dimensions of several components to each other and their relative arrangement and operative connection - refer. The combination of features of different embodiments of the invention or features of different claims differing from the chosen relationships is also possible and is hereby stimulated. This also applies to those features which are shown in separate drawing figures or are mentioned in their description. These features can also be combined with features of different claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

zeigt eine erste Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt.

Fig. 2

zeigt einen Querschnitt II-II durch den Schraubendreher gemäß Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung eines Querschnitts gemäß II-II.

Fig. 4

zeigt einen Querschnitt IV-IV durch den Schraubendreher gemäß Fig. 1.

Fig. 5

zeigt eine zweite Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt, wobei im oberen Halbschnitt ein Rast- oder Sperrelement wirksam ist und im unteren Halbschnitt das Rast- oder Sperrelement gelöst ist.

Fig. 6

zeigt eine dritte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt mit zwei sich im Längsschnitt gegenüberliegenden Rast- oder Sperrelementen.

Fig. 7

zeigt eine vierte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt mit lediglich einem Rast- oder Sperrelement.

Fig. 8

zeigt eine fünfte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt, wobei im oberen Halbschnitt ein Rast- oder Sperrelement wirksam ist und im unteren Halbschnitt das Rast- oder Sperrelement gelöst ist.

Fig. 9

zeigt eine sechste Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt.

Fig. 10

zeigt als eine siebte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers eine Weiterbildung des Schraubendrehers gemäß Fig. 9 mit einem zusätzlichen stirnseitigen Betätigungsorgan im Teillängsschnitt.

Fig. 11

zeigt eine achte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt.

Fig. 12

zeigt eine neunte Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendrehers im Teillängsschnitt.

In the following the invention will be further explained and described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

shows a first embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

Fig. 2

shows a cross section II-II through the screwdriver of FIG. 1st

Fig. 3

shows an alternative embodiment of a cross section according to II-II.

Fig. 4

shows a cross section IV-IV through the screwdriver of FIG. 1st

Fig. 5

shows a second embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section, wherein in the upper half-section, a latching or locking element is effective and in the lower half-section, the locking or locking element is released.

Fig. 6

shows a third embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section with two opposite in longitudinal section locking or locking elements.

Fig. 7

shows a fourth embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section with only one locking or locking element.

Fig. 8

shows a fifth embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section, wherein in the upper half-section, a latching or locking element is effective and in the lower half-section, the locking or locking element is released.

Fig. 9

shows a sixth embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

Fig. 10

shows as a seventh embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention, a development of the screwdriver according to FIG. 9 with an additional front-side actuator in partial longitudinal section.

Fig. 11

shows an eighth embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

Fig. 12

shows a ninth embodiment of a screwdriver according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the figures, comparable components for different embodiments are provided with the same reference numerals, in particular with regard to the function.

According to FIG. 1 , a screwdriver 1 has a handle 2 into which a longitudinally oriented recess 4 is made from an end face 3. In the recess 4 is from the front side 3, a replaceable functional part 5, for example, a blade or a holder for use, is used. The handle 2 is preferably an injection-molded part made of plastic, which has a hard core 6 and at least partially a casing 7 having. The outer surface of the handle 2 is ergonomically shaped and the materials for the core 6 and the sheath 7 are suitably selected for cooperation with a user's hand. For example, the sheath 7 is made of an elastic material.

The recess 4 has a front region 8, a central region 9 and an end region 10, wherein the end region 10 may be introduced from the front side 3 opposite end face 11 in the handle 2.

The front region 8 is cone-shaped with an opening angle of the cone in the direction of the end face 3. The recess 4 is approximately cylindrical in the central region 9. The cone-shaped front region 8 forms a counter-surface 12. The functional part 5 has an end piece 13, which is formed in the operating position shown in FIG. 1 in longitudinal and cross-section substantially corresponding to the front region 8 and the central region 9, so that a support surface 14 of the end piece 13 comes to bear against the mating surface 12, while a central region 15 is received or guided in the region of the central region 9 of the handle to form a small clearance.

2 and 3 show ways of configuring the cross sections of the recess 4 and the cross section of the support surface 14 of the functional part 5 in the front region 8. According to FIG. 2, a support surface 14 can be used with hexagonal cross section, while in FIG Circular cross-section-shaped support surface 14 is shown with ribs 16. In the region of corners of the hexagonal cross-section according to FIG. 2 or in the region of the ribs 16 according to FIG. 3, a torque is transmitted between the handle 3 and the functional part 5.

In the end region projecting into the handle, the functional part 5 has a conical taper 17, a cylindrical portion 18, a cross-sectional widening 19 and an end-side taper 20 in the order mentioned. The circumferential groove 21 formed with the taper 17, the cylindrical portion 18 and the cross-sectional widening 19 engages in the operating position shown in Fig. 1 on both sides in each case a latching or locking element 22, for example in the form of a kind of latch, a. The locking or blocking element 22 according to FIG. 1 has a bevel 23, the inclination of which corresponds to the inclination of the taper 17, a straight-line section 24, which lies radially inward on the cylindrical part Subregion 18 is applied, and a transverse surface 25 which abuts against the handle 2 on the cross-sectional widening 19 for securing the axial position of the functional part 5. The latching or blocking elements 22 are respectively connected via spring arms 26 to a base 27 such that the spring arms 26 and the base 27 are approximately U-shaped in the longitudinal section shown in FIG. 1 and "embrace" the inner end region of the functional part 5. ,

In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the base 27 has a rectangular cross-section and the end portion 10 of the recess 4 is formed in the form of a slot 28 in which the base 27 with the spring arms 26 and the locking or locking elements 22 axially displaceable is guided in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12. The slot 28 has a radial clearance 29 to allow resilient deformation of the spring arms 26 radially outward from the position shown in FIG. In the region of the end face 11 of the slot 28 opens into a cylindrical recess 30 into which an actuating member 31 is inserted, which is fixedly connected to the base 27 via an actuating pin 32. The extent of the common axial displaceability of the actuator 31, the actuating bolt 32, the base 27, the spring arms 26 and the locking or locking elements 22 in the direction of the interior of the handle 2 and the end position of the actuator 31 shown in FIG. 1 by a pin 33 predetermined, which is held firmly on the one hand in a transverse bore 34 of the core 6 and extends to the other by an oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12 slot 35 of the actuating bolt 32 and / or the base 27, wherein the length of the slot 35 with the maximum displaceability of the actuator 31 coincides. In which the end face 11 opposite end portion of the slot 28 are provided adjacent to the recess in the central region 9 bevels 36, the inclination of the inclination of the bevels 23 and the taper 17 corresponds. The base 27, u. U. complemented by actuating pin 32 and a cap 37, forms a moving member 39 which is displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12. In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the base 27 is received in a slot of the actuating bolt 32, wherein a connection of the two aforementioned parts can be done by the pin 33.

With an insertion of the functional part 5 in the handle 2, the taper 20 comes to rest on the slope 23. With further pushing the functional part 5 into the handle 2, the taper 20 slides along the bevels 23, resulting in elastic deformation of the spring arms 26 and a radial outward movement of the locking or locking elements 22 is accompanied. comes the support surface 14 for engagement with the mating surface 12, snap the locking or locking elements 22 in the groove 21 a. As a result, the functional part 5 is secured in the operating position of the screwdriver 1 shown in FIG. If the functional part 5 is to be released from the handle 2, for example, to insert another functional part in the handle 2, the user can exert oriented forces on the actuating member 31 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12, which results in a movement of the actuating bolt 32, Spring arms 26 and the locking or locking elements 22 in the direction of the end face 3 of the handle 2 is accompanied. The slopes 23 slide along the slopes 36, which is accompanied by a radial expansion of the locking or locking elements 22. With sufficient expansion of the locking or locking elements 22, for which the sections 24 have a greater distance than the diameter of the cross-sectional widening 19, the functional part 5 can be removed from the handle 2.

The actuator 31 has a cap 37 which is fixedly connected to the actuating bolt 32. Between cap 37 and bottom of the recess 31, a compression spring 38 is interposed.

It should be pointed out that when a sufficient tensile force is exerted on the functional part 5, a movement of the bevels 23 of the latching or blocking elements 22 along the bevels 36 can also take place, so that the functional part 5 can also be released from the handle 2 without the actuator 31 is operated by the user. According to a modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, it is therefore also conceivable that no actuator 31 is provided, but rather without actuating pin 32, the base 27 is supported by a spring 38 against a fixedly connected to the handle 2 cap 37.

To avoid moisture from entering the handle 2, it can be advantageous if a suitable sealing means is inserted between the cap 37 and the recess 30.

In an alternative embodiment, the base 27 relative to the actuating pin 32 have a oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis game, which may be, for example, by the connection via the pin 33 and the slot 35 predetermined. In this case, with the insertion of the functional part 5 in the handle 2, the base is pushed in the direction of the end face 3 until the compression spring 38 goes to block. This is followed by a radial widening of the latching or blocking elements 22.

5 shows a slightly modified embodiment of the screwdriver 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with latching or blocking elements 22 arranged in the groove 21 in the upper half longitudinal section and latching or blocking elements 22 released in the lower half longitudinal section.

According to FIG. 6 , two latching or blocking elements 22 are each part of a securing element 41 designed as a pivoting lever 40. The pivoting levers 40 each have two legs 42, 43 which are oriented approximately at right angles to one another and in their connecting area relative to the core 6 or a fixed insert 44 are mounted pivotably about a vertical axis oriented to the drawing plane Schenkachse. The pivot axes of the opposite end portions of the legs 42 form the locking or locking elements 22. The pivot axes of the pivot lever 40 opposite end portions of the legs 43 are in a plane lying in the plane and oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis 12-12 through hole 45 of the actuating bolt 32 to ensure a Displacement in the direction of the through hole 45 out. In the contact region between the through hole 45 and the end of the leg 43 forming the moving element 39, suitable sliding elements or rollers may be provided in order to facilitate a relative movement of the leg 43 along the through-bore 45.

The insert 44 is positively, materially or frictionally received in the recess 30 or the end portion 10 and leads in the region of a central bore or recess 46, the actuator 31 with the actuating pin 32. If the actuator 31 is moved in the direction of the interior of the handle 2, moves the end portion of the leg 43 which abuts the through hole 45, in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12, whereby the pivot lever 40 with the legs 42 and the locking or locking elements 22 are pivoted radially outwards, so that the latch or Locking elements 22 come out of engagement with the groove 21. With sufficient pivoting, the functional part 5 can be removed from the handle 2. An insertion of the functional part 5 in the handle 2 is analogous to the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the pivot lever 40 are pivoted radially outwards by the sliding movement of the taper 20 with the slope 23 of the locking or locking element 22.

Between insert 44 and the cap 37 of the actuating member 31, a compression spring 38 is interposed.

Notwithstanding the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, only one pivot lever 40 can be used, cf. Fig. 7 .

In a further modification, not shown, can not find a pivot lever 40 is used, which is mounted in a region arranged in the connecting portion of the leg area, but a lever with two approximately right-angled legs, with a storage rather takes place in an outer end portion of a leg, while the other outer end region of the other leg forms the latching or blocking element 22.

For the embodiments described above, the moving element 39, which is moved to release the locking or locking element 22 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12, with the actuating bolt 32 contacting or connected to this end portion of the leg 43 and u. U. formed with the actuating pin 32 and the actuator 31. According to FIG. 7, a connection of the actuating bolt 32 to the securing element 41 can take place by abutment of the end face of the actuating bolt 32 or by additional connecting elements. It is also possible that for the illustrated embodiments, the securing element 41 is acted upon by an additional spring element in the secured position of the latching or locking element 22. Unlike an additional spring element and an inherent elasticity of an already existing device such as the fuse element 41 may be used.

For a further embodiment of the screwdriver 1 according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the actuating bolt 32 has a bevelled or conical end surface 50 in the end region opposite the cap 37. Holding elements are distributed around the circumference around the end region of the functional part 5 and the end region of the actuating bolt 32 51, which are received without significant degree of freedom in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12-12, but with radial mobility, between an insert 44 and a shoulder 58 between the transition from the end region 10 to the central region 9. In their opposite end regions, the holding elements 51 are pressed radially inwards by elastic rings 52, 53 which are received in suitable grooves of the holding elements 51, so that according to the upper half-longitudinal section according to FIG. 8 in the operating position latching or blocking elements 22 of the holding elements 51 are pressed into the groove 21 of the functional part 5. Instead of the rings 52, 53 can also be sprayed or injected elastomer rings are used. Upon transfer of the actuator 31 in the position shown in the lower half-longitudinal plane slides the tapered or conical end surface 50 along radially inwardly located slopes 54 of the holding members 51, whereby a movement of the locking or locking elements 22 of the holding elements 51 is radially outward until the functional part 5 can be removed from the handle 2.

Fig. 9 shows a particular embodiment of a screwdriver 1. Accordingly has the functional part 5 instead of the taper 17, of the cylindrical portion 18, the cross-sectional widening 19 and the taper 20 only a peripheral circumferential groove 55. The groove 55 has a groove geometry, the correlated with the contour of a radially elastically acted upon inwardly locking element 56 which is inserted into a radial bore 59 which opens into the recess 4. With the insertion of the functional part 5 in the handle 2, the locking element 56 can be pressed by means of an end-side phase or a cone 57 so outward that further insertion of the functional part 5 is possible until the locking element 56 "snaps" into the groove 55. In the position shown in Fig. 9, a detent position is given, which can be solved by exerting a tensile force on the functional part again.

In addition, according to FIG. 10, for the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, an actuating member 31 may be provided in the region of the front side 11, which abuts with the inwardly facing end face of the actuating bolt 32 on the end face of the functional part 5, so that instead of or in addition to the application of tensile forces on the functional part 5, the removal of the functional part 5 from the handle 2 can be brought about or facilitated that forces are exerted on the actuator 31 by the user.

11 extend in the core 6 integrally formed by this spring arms 26 in the direction of the end face 11, each having in an end region locking or locking elements 22 which deforms with an insertion of the functional part 5 as a result of the taper 20 radially outwardly elastically be and engage in the sketched in Fig. 11 operating position in the groove 21 of the functional part 5. The cross-sectional widening 19 and / or the transverse surface 25 are inclined such that, with the exertion of a tensile force on the functional part 5, the spring arms 26 are elastically deformed radially outwards in such a way that the locking or blocking elements 22 disengage from the groove 21 that a removal of the functional part 5 is made possible. For the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 is no actuator 31 provided. Rather, the end region 10, in which the spring arms 26 are arranged with the latching or locking elements 22, closed with a non-detachably connected to the core 6 cap 37.

To avoid a transverse bore in the handle for receiving the pin 33, as shown in FIG. 12, a snap ring 61 in the recess 30 or bore of the handle 2 prevents the movement element 39 from falling out or sliding.

The base 27 is cup-shaped in this case and there are at least two, but also three or four spring arms 26 are arranged distributed to this base 27 evenly in the circumferential direction. With a collar-shaped projection 62, the base 27 is guided in the recess 30. The approach 62 is acted upon by the spring 38. On the opposite side of the spring 38, the base 27 has a cylindrical projection 63, which is connected by a snap connection with the cap 37. A snap ring 61 is inserted into a suitable groove 64 of the recess 30 of the handle 2. The cap 37 and the base 27 with the spring arms 26 are mounted outside of the handle 2. Then the spring 38 is inserted into the handle 2. Subsequently, the preassembled parts are pressed into the recess 30, wherein the snap ring 61 radially yields and on the cap 37 facing side of the projection 62 comes to rest, so that the moving member 39 can no longer fall out of the recess 30. Instead of the snap ring 61 and single cam or circumferential cam could be formed on the recess bounding wall 30 and the approach 62 may be designed axially somewhat yielding, z. B. by a plurality of slots, so that the approach 62 comes to rest as a stop against the cams after assembly, if no functional part 5 is inserted into the handle 2. Alternatively to the above mounting sequence, it is also possible that first the base 27 is inserted, then the snap ring 61 is brought into position and finally the cap 37 is connected via the snap connection with the base 27, wherein preferably the movement of the moving member 39 through a is blocked in the recess of the end face 3 inserted auxiliary tool.

For all embodiments, recesses, bevels o. Ä. Shape technology can be produced during injection molding of the handle or other components of the screwdriver.

In the event that in a transverse bore 34 of the core 6, a pin 33 must be used, it is advantageous if the transverse bore 34 and the pin 33 by a later applied Sheath 7 are covered. In this case, the sheath 7 can also avoid falling out of the pin 33 from the transverse bore 34.

• die Sicherungswirkung,
• die Betätigungskräfte und
• erforderlichen Betätigungswege des Betätigungsorgans

vorgegeben werden. Weiterhin kann bei einer radialen Vorspannung des Rast- oder Sperrelementes 22 gegen eine Begrenzung der Nut 21 in der Betriebsstellung eine nach innen in den Griff 2 gerichtete Vorspannung des Funktionsteiles 5 erzielt werden, wodurch u. U. ein axiales Spiel zwischen Funktionsteil 5 und Griff 2 vermieden werden kann. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, dass die Kontaktflächen infolge dieser radialen Vorspannung gegenüber der Längsachse 12-12 geneigt sind.In a conventional manner can on the contact geometries between locking or locking elements 22 and the groove 21st

• the security effect,
• the operating forces and
• required actuation paths of the actuator

be specified. Furthermore, with a radial bias of the locking or locking element 22 against a limitation of the groove 21 in the operating position, a directed inward into the handle 2 bias of the functional part 5 can be achieved, thereby u. U. an axial clearance between the functional part 5 and handle 2 can be avoided. For this purpose, it is necessary that the contact surfaces are inclined due to this radial bias with respect to the longitudinal axis 12-12.

For the illustrated embodiments, any number of locking or locking elements 22 may be used, for example, one, two or four locking or locking element (s) 22nd

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

screwdriver

2

Handle

3

front

4

recess

5

functional part

6

core

7

jacket

8th

front area

9

middle area

10

end-side area

11

front

12

counter surface

13

tail

14

supporting

15

mid-range

16

ribs

17

rejuvenation

18

cylindrical section

19

Cross-sectional widening

20

rejuvenation

21

groove

22

Locking or locking element

23

slope

24

section

25

transverse surface

26

spring arm

27

Base

28

slot

29

game

30

recess

31

actuator

32

actuating pin

33

pen

34

cross hole

35

Long hole

36

slope

37

cap

38

compression spring

39

mover

40

pivoting lever

41

fuse element

42

leg

43

leg

44

commitment

45

Through Hole

46

drilling

47

lever

48

leg

49

leg

50

end face

51

retaining elements

52

ring

53

ring

54

slope

55

groove

56

locking element

57

cone

58

paragraph

59

drilling

60

cavity

61

snap ring

62

collar-shaped approach

63

cylindrical approach

64

groove

Claims (20)

Screwdriver (1) with a handle (2) and a replaceable functional part (5), wherein the functional part (5) has a support surface (14), with which the functional part (5) in the direction of the handle (2) on a counter surface ( 12) of the handle (2), characterized in that a) in the handle (1) a moving element (39) is provided, which in a longitudinal direction (12-12) of the handle (2) is displaceable, b) in the handle (2) a latching or locking element (22) is provided, which secures the operating part (5) against movement from the handle (2) out in an operating position, and c) the movement of the movement element (39) in the longitudinal direction of the handle (2) with a movement of the locking or locking element (22) in the radial direction of the handle (2) is coupled. Screwdriver according to claim 1, characterized in that the support surface (14) and the counter-surface (12) are cone-shaped. Screwdriver according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the functional part (5) has an insulating jacket. Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that only a latching or blocking element (22) is provided which enters into operative connection with the functional part (5). Screwdriver according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two latching or locking elements (22) are provided, which come into operative connection on opposite sides with the functional part (5). Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement element (39) and the latching or blocking element (22) are formed in one piece by a securing element (41). Screwdriver according to claim 6, characterized in that the movement of the latching element (22) in the radial direction is accompanied by an elastic deformation of the securing element (41). A screwdriver according to claim 6, characterized in that the securing element (41) is formed with a pivot lever (40) which is pivotable about an axis oriented substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis (12-12) of the handle (2), wherein an end portion of the Swing lever (40), the movement element (39) and the other end portion of the pivot lever (40) forms the latching or locking element (22). Screwdriver according to claim 6, characterized in that the securing element (41) is formed with an angled lever which is pivotable about a substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis (12-12) of the handle (2) oriented axis, wherein a leg of the angled lever the movement element (39) forms and another leg of the angled lever forms the latching or blocking element (22). Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement of the latching element (22) and the movement element (39) can be brought about by the user's forces applied to the functional part (5). Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement of the latching or locking element (22) and the movement element (39) by a front-side actuator (31) can be brought about. Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that movements of the latching or locking element (22) and of the movement element (39) with the interposition of the functional part (5) are coupled together. Screwdriver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement element (39) from the end face (11) is inserted into the recess (30) and via at least one cam or a snap ring (61) against a re-emergence from the recess (30). is secured. Screwdriver (1) with a handle (2) and a replaceable functional part (5), wherein the functional part (5) has a support surface (14), with which the functional part (5) in the direction of the handle (2) on a counter surface ( 12) of the handle (2), characterized in that in the handle (2) at least one radially elastic spring arm (26) in the longitudinal direction (12-12) extends with a in an end region of the spring arm (26) arranged locking or Locking element (22), which in an operating position for securing the functional part (5) with respect to a movement out of the handle (2) out radially into engagement with a groove of the functional part (5). Screwdriver according to claim 14, characterized in that the spring arm (26) extends in the direction of the functional part (5) facing away from the end face (11). Screwdriver according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that spring arm (26) and latching or locking element (22) are integrally formed by a further handle part (core 6). Screwdriver according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that a plurality of circumferentially distributed spring arms (26) are provided, each having a latching or locking element (22). Screwdriver according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that radially outwardly of the latching or locking elements (22) an approximately hollow cylindrical cavity (60) is provided. Screwdriver according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the inner boundary of the spring arms (26) is part of the recess (4) or bore for the functional part (5). Screwdriver according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the spring arms (26) are separated from each other in the circumferential direction by slots or gaps.

Images