EP1744900B1 - Security element and methods for the production thereof - Google Patents
Security element and methods for the production thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1744900B1 EP1744900B1 EP05739976.8A EP05739976A EP1744900B1 EP 1744900 B1 EP1744900 B1 EP 1744900B1 EP 05739976 A EP05739976 A EP 05739976A EP 1744900 B1 EP1744900 B1 EP 1744900B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- liquid crystal
- transfer
- alignment
- effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/364—Liquid crystals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/373—Metallic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
- B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
- B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
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- B42D2033/26—
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer security element which has at least one effect layer which requires a special substrate.
- Valuables such as branded goods or documents of value are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which allow verification of the authenticity of the object of value and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
- optically variable elements are used as security elements, which give the viewer a different image impression, for example a different color impression, at different viewing angles.
- holograms holographic grating images and other hologram-like diffraction structures are used for authenticity assurance, which offer the viewer a viewing angle-dependent diffraction pattern.
- Security elements with hologram-like diffraction structures are transferred, inter alia, in the transfer process to the target substrate, for example a banknote.
- the detachment of the security element from the carrier film takes place either via so-called release layers, which are usually thermally activated, or by the low adhesion of the security element on the carrier film.
- the security element is coated with a suitable adhesive system.
- the publication WO 03/082598 A2 discloses an optically variable security element and a manufacturing method.
- the publication EP 0 461475 A1 discloses a method of transferring a decor to a substrate.
- the publication US 2003/0189684 A1 relates to a method for producing an anisotropic polymer layer on a substrate having a structured surface.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the special substrate requiring effect layer of a first layer composite is prepared on a separate plastic carrier film and then transferred to a second layer composite, wherein the second layer composite also a plastic carrier film includes.
- the plastic carrier film of the first layer composite is hereby specially adapted to the needs of the effect layer.
- liquid-crystalline materials can be aligned in a simple manner and then transferred to any other layer sequence, which in itself has no corresponding properties.
- the invention offers the advantage that the alignment layer does not have to be provided in the layer composite of the security element. Because the orientation of the liquid-crystalline material takes place on a separate carrier film and then only the liquid-crystalline material is transferred to the layer structure of the security element.
- effect layers that require a special substrate.
- Vapor deposited, optically variable layers such as, for example, diffraction structures, interference layer pigments, liquid crystal pigments or metallic effect pigments, for example, require a very smooth substrate in order to achieve a brilliant color impression or a reflecting surface.
- the background layer in the desired layer sequence of the security element is not sufficiently smooth, as is the case, for example, with magnetic layers, then such layers can be prepared on an optimally prepared substrate of a plastic carrier film and then inserted at the desired location in the layer structure of the security element like on a rough magnetic layer.
- an adhesive layer is used, which also compensates for the rough ground.
- the security element can be provided with further functional layers, such as electrically conductive, luminescent, magnetic layers, or any imprints. Other layers produced by the process according to the invention can also be incorporated.
- liquid-crystalline effect layers show, as explained in detail below, certain polarization or color effects.
- the liquid-crystalline material is preferably applied directly to the plastic carrier film without further alignment layers, preferably printed. Preferably, the liquid crystalline material is partially applied.
- the liquid-crystalline layers are advantageously applied as a lacquer layer of smectic, nematic or cholesteric liquid-crystalline material, preferably printed.
- Gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, knife or curtain coating are particularly suitable as printing techniques for the liquid-crystalline layers.
- the second layer composite may comprise a reflective layer which is formed by a reflective thin-film element with a viewing angle-dependent color impression.
- the thin-film element is preferably formed with a reflection layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer.
- the reflection layer of the thin-film element is preferably formed from an opaque or semitransparent metal layer.
- the thin-film element can also be formed with at least one absorber layer and at least one dielectric spacer layer, the absorber layers and the dielectric spacer layers being arranged alternately one above the other.
- the thin-film element is formed with a plurality of dielectric spacer layers, wherein adjoining layers having greatly different refractive indices are formed.
- the second layer composite comprises an optically active microstructure which is preferably formed as a diffractive diffraction structure, as a matt structure, as an arrangement of microlenses or as an arrangement of micromirrors.
- the carrier film used in the process according to the invention is preferably provided as a smooth film with good surface quality.
- a film specially designed for the alignment of liquid crystals can be provided.
- plastic film as a carrier film.
- plastic carrier films are Films made of PET, OPP, BOPP, PE or Celluloseacetat to name.
- the carrier film may also itself comprise a plurality of sub-layers, for example, the carrier film may be provided with an alignment layer for the alignment of liquid crystals.
- an alignment layer is in particular a layer of a linear photopolymer, a finely structured layer, ie a layer with orientation-promoting surface topography, or aligned by applying shear forces layer in question.
- a suitable finely structured layer can be produced for example by embossing, etching or scoring.
- the method according to the invention can be used to produce any desired security elements, in particular a security thread, a transferable security strip or a patch.
- the finished security element is embedded, for example, in a security paper or valuable item, in particular value document, or applied to its surface.
- the security element preferably contains a carrier substrate made of paper or plastic.
- Valuables within the meaning of the present invention are in particular banknotes, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality admission tickets, but also other counterfeit-endangered papers, such as passports and other identification documents, as well as product security elements, such as labels, seals, packaging and the like.
- the term “valuables” below includes all such items, documents and product means of protection.
- security paper is understood to mean the precursor that can not yet be processed into a value document which, in addition to the security element, has further authenticity features, such as in volume provided luminescent substances may have. Security paper is usually in quasi-endless form and will be further processed at a later date.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with two security elements 12 and 16, which are each made using a transfer material described below.
- the first security element represents a security thread 12 that emerges at certain window areas 14 on the surface of the banknote 10, while it is embedded in the intervening areas inside the banknote 10.
- the second security element is formed by a wide security strip 16 glued onto the banknote paper with a heat-seal adhesive.
- Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a portion of the security strip 16, as it appears when viewed without aids or when viewed through a linear polarizer 20. Viewed without aids, the security strip 16 shows shiny metallic, optically variable diffraction structures 22, such as holograms or kinegrams. Such diffraction structures are known to the person skilled in the art and are therefore not explained further below. Instead of the diffraction structures 22, matt structures or refractive structures may also be provided, for example.
- the structures can also be visualized with a circular polarizer.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an intermediate step in the production of a transfer material 30, for example, in a security thread 12 or a security strip 16 of the in Fig.1 shown type can be used.
- a layer 34 of nematic liquid-crystalline material is partially printed on a transparent carrier film 32, for example a smooth plastic film of good surface quality, as an effect layer.
- the Nematen für 34 is typically printed in the form of a motif of patterns, characters or a coding, for example in the form of in Fig. 2 shown honeycomb pattern.
- a transfer auxiliary layer 36 is applied over the entire surface to the nematode layer 34 and the carrier film 32.
- a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer printed, whose adhesion to the support film 32 is less than the Nematen für 34.
- a layer of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material or an embossing lacquer layer can be used.
- an adhesive layer 38 is applied to the transfer auxiliary layer 36, with which the layer composite of carrier film 32, Nematen slaughter 34 and transfer assist layer 36 on a target substrate, such as a security paper, a document of value or another thread or strip structure 35, can be laminated.
- a target substrate such as a security paper, a document of value or another thread or strip structure 35.
- the carrier film 32 for the nemate layer 34 and the transfer assist layer 36 may be removed again by means of separation winding. The damage-free detachability of the carrier film 32 is ensured by the greater adhesion of the transfer assist layer 36 to the nemate layer 34.
- both the transfer assist layer and the adhesive layer may include machine-readable feature substances, such as e.g. contain magnetic, electrically conductive, phosphorescent or fluorescent substances.
- a further layer can be printed on the transfer auxiliary layer 36.
- the further layer can be provided in particular with recesses or in the form of patterns, characters or codes. Under this layer another, eg machine-readable layer can be printed. It can also accommodate machine-readable security features in the further layer itself be.
- the further manufacturing process then proceeds, as already related to Fig. 3 described.
- the detachability of the carrier film 42 during transfer is ensured by a heat-sealable thermally activatable release layer 44.
- the release-capable carrier film 42 is provided with an alignment-promoting alignment layer 48.
- This can be, for example, a layer of a linear photopolymer, a layer with orientation-promoting surface topography or a layer oriented by the application of shear forces.
- Fig. 5 shows an intermediate step of producing transfer material as in Fig. 3
- the transfer material 50 of Fig. 5 has a carrier film 32 with an alignment layer 52, for example, a linear photopolymer, which serves to align the liquid crystals in the subsequently applied nematic and optionally cholesteric liquid crystal layers 34 and 36, respectively.
- an alignment layer 52 for example, a linear photopolymer, which serves to align the liquid crystals in the subsequently applied nematic and optionally cholesteric liquid crystal layers 34 and 36, respectively.
- a further layer 54 is printed on the transfer auxiliary layer 36.
- the further layer 54 may be provided in particular with recesses or in the form of patterns, characters or codes.
- the layer 54 may by an absorbent imprint or reflective metal layer.
- the layer can be produced by printing the transfer assist layer 36 with a commercially available, in particular black printing ink. This is particularly appropriate when the transfer assist layer 36 consists of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material.
- the transfer assist layer 36 is present as a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer
- the further layer can be provided by a metal layer into which recesses, for example in the form of a negative writing, can be introduced by partial demetallization.
- another, eg machine-readable layer can be printed.
- the layer 54 itself further, in particular machine-readable security features can be accommodated.
- the further manufacturing process then proceeds, as already related to Fig. 3 described.
- the transfer medium with negative writing 60 of Fig. 6 is printed on a carrier film 32, which in turn may be provided with an alignment layer, a nematic liquid crystal layer 34.
- a UV-curable embossing lacquer layer 62 whose adhesion to the carrier foil 32 is less than that of the nematode layer 34, is printed over the carrier film 32 and the nematic layer 34 so that the embossing lacquer layer 62 fulfills the function of the transfer assist layer described above during the transfer of the transfer material 60 to a target substrate ,
- a desired embossed structure 64 for example a diffraction structure, is impressed into the embossing lacquer layer 62 and a reflective layer 66, in particular a metal layer, is applied, into which partial demetallization recesses 68, in the embodiment in the form of negative writing, be introduced.
- the embossing structure 64 may also be provided with a high refractive index layer. Examples of high-index materials are CaS, CrO 2 , ZnSi, TiO 2 or SiO x .
- an adhesive layer 38 is applied to the composite layer for transfer to the target substrate.
- the embossing pattern 64 can also be provided with a color shift effect thin film element, as described below with reference to FIG Fig. 8 is described in detail.
- machine-readable and / or decorative layers can be applied to the partially demetallized embossing lacquer layer 62, in particular also in overlap with the metal layer 66.
- a commercially available printing ink can be printed, which is then recognizable in the recesses or demetallized areas of the embossing lacquer layer when viewing the foil material applied to a substrate.
- the ink, as well as the adhesive layer 38 may also contain machine-readable feature substances, such as e.g. contain magnetic, electrically conductive, phosphorescent or fluorescent substances.
- Fig. 7 illustrates the fabrication of a multilayer security element 70 according to one embodiment of the invention. It will, as in Fig. 7 (a) as shown, a first layer composite 72 is formed from a first carrier foil 32, a nematic liquid crystal layer 34, and a transfer assist layer 36 of cholesteric liquid crystal material, as related With Fig. 3 described.
- the transfer assist layer can be formed, for example, by a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer or a layer of cholesteric, liquid-crystalline material.
- a second layer composite 74 is produced by printing on a second carrier film 80 an embossing lacquer layer, embossing a desired embossed structure, in the exemplary embodiment a diffraction structure, into the embossing lacquer, onto the embossed layer 82 a metal layer 84 is vapor-deposited, and by partial demetallization of the Metal layer 84 recesses 86, for example, be generated in the form of negative writing.
- the second layer composite 74 is applied via an adhesive layer 76 (FIG. Fig. 7 (c) ) laminated on the first layer composite 72, as by the FIGS. 7 (b) and 7 (a) connecting arrow 78 indicated.
- the second carrier film 80 is removed by a separation winding and applied for the transfer of an adhesive layer 38 on the layer composite produced in this way, as in Fig. 7 (c) shown.
- the carrier foil 32 can also be removed so that the entire layer composite is then present without carrier foils.
- the polarization effect features are thus not affected by films in their effect and can be viewed with high contrast.
- the reduced by the detachment of the second carrier film 80 protection function for the metallization can be compensated by protective lacquer layers.
- Conventional protective lacquer layers are optically largely isotropic and therefore do not impair the recognizability of polarizing effects.
- an additional, dark-colored layer may optionally be partially applied to the layer composite 74, in order to ensure good visibility of the color effect of the cholesteric liquid-crystal layer.
- the embossing lacquer layer 82 can be darkened.
- the second layer composite can also contain only one reflective layer, in particular a metal layer, which is preferably integrated into a print motif with large portions of demetallization.
- the transfer material according to the invention then has an additional test level with the nematic layer 34, which can be authenticated with a polarizer.
- the thin-film element 92 has a reflection layer 94, an absorber layer 98 and a dielectric spacer layer 96 arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer.
- the color shift effect in such thin-film elements is based on viewing angle-dependent interference effects due to multiple reflections in the different sub-layers of the element.
- the absorber layer 98 and / or the dielectric spacer layer 96 may have recesses in the form of patterns, characters or codes in which no color-shift effect can be recognized.
- the reflection layer 94 may also have recesses in the form of patterns, characters or codes, which then form transparent or semitransparent regions in the thin-film element 92.
- the thin-film element may have a layer sequence of absorber layer / dielectric layer / absorber layer or a sequence of several layers of alternating high-index and low-index dielectrics.
- a layer sequence of reflection layer and an absorbing dielectric layer is also possible.
- the second layer composite produced in this way is then laminated onto the first layer composite via an adhesive layer 76 and the second carrier film is removed by a separation winding.
- an adhesive layer 38 is applied to the now exposed backside of the thin film element 92.
- the first carrier film 32 can also be removed.
- a multi-layer security element having a liquid crystal-based color-tilting or polarizing effect which is recognizable to the observer from the one side of the security element and a thin-film element having a color-shift effect recognizable from the second side is produced.
- the security element is different from the one in Fig. 8 shown in that the transfer assist layer 36 of the first layer composite of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material is formed.
- the adhesive layer 76 also forms a dark, preferably black background.
- the adhesive layer 76 can be dyed or, if appropriate, subsequently blackened by the action of a laser beam.
- the thin film element 92 of the second layer composite has an order reverse to the layer order described above, ie, the reflective layer is in the security element adjacent to the adhesive layer 76, and the absorber layer is adjacent to the adhesive layer 38.
- Fig. 9 shows a transfer material 100, in which, as in Fig. 3 On a smooth plastic carrier sheet 32, a nematic liquid crystal layer 34 and a UV-crosslinkable transfer assist layer 36, for example, from cholesteric liquid crystal material, are printed. On the transfer assist layer 36 is further an embossing lacquer layer imprinted, a desired embossed structure, in the exemplary embodiment, a diffraction structure, embossed into the embossing lacquer layer, and a metal layer 104 is vapor-deposited on the embossed layer 102. Recesses 106 in the form of negative writing are introduced into the metal layer 104 by partial demetallization.
- both the diffraction structure and the liquid-crystalline layers 34 and 36 can be perceived over the entire area on a dark background which is provided by an additional layer, for example a black imprint, or can also be present on the target substrate.
- the embossing lacquer layer 102 on the transfer assist layer 36 is advantageously subjected to a corona treatment beforehand or it is provided with a suitable adhesion promoter.
- An adhesive layer 38 is applied to the entire layer composite for transfer to the target substrate.
- the carrier film 32 can be removed after the application of the transfer material 100 or left on the structure.
- a multilayer security element 110 for example a security thread
- a liquid crystal-based color shift effect for example a negative writing and a magnetic coding
- a second layer composite 114 is produced by applying to a second carrier film 120 a screened aluminum layer 122 with recesses in the form of negative writing, and onto the aluminum layer a magnetic layer 124, in the exemplary embodiment in the form of a coding, is applied.
- This second layer composite 114 is in Figure 10 (b) shown.
- the aluminum layer 122 may also be provided as a full-surface layer with recesses, for example in the form of negative writing, to which in turn the magnetic layer 124 is applied.
- the second layer composite 114 is then applied via an adhesive layer 116 (FIG. Fig. 10 (c) ) laminated on the first layer composite 112.
- further layers 118 such as a white cover layer, which are required for the embedding of the security thread in a security paper, can be applied to the back side of the second carrier film 120.
- an adhesive layer 38 for example a heat sealing lacquer, is applied for the transfer to the target substrate.
- the carrier film 32 may be removed by means of parting, and further layers of the thread structure, such as a primer and a heat sealing lacquer, may be applied to the then exposed liquid crystal layers 34 and 36.
- FIG Fig. 10 may instead of the applied in the form of a coding magnetic layer 124 of the second layer composite also a dark, in particular black layer with recesses and partially a magnetic layer, for example in the form of magnetic bits are used.
- a dark, in particular black layer with recesses and partially a magnetic layer for example in the form of magnetic bits are used.
- not all black areas need to be magnetic at the same time. In this way, a magnetic coding in the black layer can be optically hidden.
- FIG. 11 Another variant of the example of Figure 10 , which differs only in the embodiment of the second composite layer, is in Fig. 11 shown.
- the second layer composite 132 of the multilayer security element 130 of FIG Fig. 11 instead of the screened aluminum layer, a full-area, semitransparent metal layer 136 applied to a carrier film 134, on which a magnetic layer 138 is arranged, for example, in the form of a coding.
- the further procedure in the production of the security thread 130 follows that described above in connection with FIG Figure 10 given description.
- Fig. 12 illustrates the production of a multilayer security element 140, in particular a hologram security thread with magnetic coding and nematic printing according to a further embodiment of the invention.
- a first layer composite 150 of a first plastic carrier film 152, a nematic liquid crystal layer 154, a transfer auxiliary layer 156 made of a modified UV-curing lacquer and a first adhesive layer 158 is prepared, as in Fig. 12 (a) shown.
- a second layer composite 160 which is in Fig. 12 (b) an embossing lacquer layer is printed onto a second plastic carrier film 162, a desired diffraction structure is embossed into the embossing lacquer and an aluminum layer 166 is vapor-deposited on the embossed layer 164, in which, as already described in connection with FIG Fig. 7 described by partial demetallization recesses 168, for example, be generated in the form of negative writing.
- a magnetic layer 170 in the form of a coding is applied to the rear side of the carrier foil 162 not coated with embossing lacquer. The magnetic bits of the magnetic coding are then covered with a cover layer 172.
- a third layer composite 180 which functions as a cover element in the finished security thread, is produced by applying a full-area metal layer 184 to a third, particularly thin plastic carrier film 182 and providing the metal layer 184 with a further full-surface adhesive layer 186, as in FIG Fig. 12 (c) shown.
- the first layer composite 150 with the nematic print is then laminated onto the top side of the hologram layer composite 160 (arrow 142) and the cover layer composite 180 is laminated via the adhesive layer 186 onto the underside of the hologram layer composite 160 carrying the magnetic code (arrow 144).
- Additional layers 146 such as a white topcoat, required for embedding the security thread in a security paper can then be applied to the back side of the third carrier film 182.
- an adhesive layer 38 such as a heat sealing lacquer, is applied as in Fig. 12 (d) shown.
- the carrier foil 152 of the first Layer composite 150 can then be removed by means of parting and other layers of the thread structure, such as a primer and a heat sealing lacquer can be applied to the then exposed liquid crystal layers 154 and 156.
- the security element 70 is placed on the target substrate 200 with the heat-sealable adhesive layer 38 and pressed in areas.
- the pressing can be done for example with a not shown heated transfer punch or a transfer roller.
- the adhesive layer 38 connects in the desired regions 202 with the target substrate 200, so that a transfer element, if appropriate with a predetermined outline shape, arises.
- the carrier film 32 of the liquid crystal layers 34, 36 can be removed during the application process or shortly thereafter.
- the surface of the target substrate 200 may be specially treated.
- an adhesion promoter can be applied to the surface of the target substrate 200.
- a multilayer security element 210 such as a security thread
- a negative writing and a hidden magnetic coding is now based on the Fig. 14 explained.
- a first layer composite 212 is formed from a first transparent carrier film 232, a region-wise applied, in particular printed, layer with flat metal pigments 234 and a transfer auxiliary layer 236, e.g. a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer produced.
- a transfer auxiliary layer 236, e.g. a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer produced e.g. a UV-crosslinkable lacquer layer produced.
- Printing inks with such flat metal pigments give a particularly good brilliance when printed directly on very smooth surfaces.
- the transparent carrier film should therefore have a good surface quality.
- a second layer composite 222 is produced by forming on a second carrier foil 246 an aluminum layer 242 with recesses in the form of a negative writing, and onto the aluminum layer a magnetic layer 244, in the form of a coding, is applied.
- the second layer composite 222 is then laminated over an adhesive layer 238 onto the first layer composite 212 in register. Subsequently, further layers, not shown here, which are required for the embedding of the security thread in a security paper, can be applied to the back of the second carrier film 246. Finally, an adhesive layer 38, for example a heat sealing lacquer, is applied for the transfer to the target substrate.
- the carrier sheet 232 may be removed by means of parting, and further layers of the yarn structure, such as a primer and a heat sealing lacquer may be applied to the then exposed layers 234 and 236, respectively.
- the black magnetic regions are contained by the application of the high opaque, flat metal pigments Printing ink obscured.
- the brilliance of the color would not be satisfactory and the visual appearance of the security element would be different on both sides.
- the transfer material consists of an effect layer of optically variable pigments, such as interference layer pigments, which is applied over the entire surface to a transparent plastic carrier film.
- optically variable pigments such as interference layer pigments
- Such effect layers require a very smooth surface in order to achieve a brilliant color impression.
- the transparent plastic carrier film it is also possible to use a lacquer layer applied to a transparent carrier film which has a suitable surface quality.
- a transfer aid layer to the effect layer.
- the detachability of the carrier film from the effect layer can also be ensured by a release layer assisting the separation under the appropriate transfer conditions.
- the carrier film can then additionally comprise, for example, a release layer thermally activatable under heat-sealing conditions, as in the exemplary embodiment of US Pat Fig. 4 is illustrated on which then the effect layer is applied.
- an adhesive layer is further applied to the effect layer.
- the adhesive layer also be provided on the second layer composite. If desired or required, the carrier film can be removed by separation winding last.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements, das zumindest eine Effektschicht aufweist, die einen speziellen Untergrund benötigt.The invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer security element which has at least one effect layer which requires a special substrate.
Wertgegenstände wie etwa Markenartikel oder Wertdokumente, werden zur Absicherung oft mit Sicherheitselementen ausgestattet, die eine Überprüfung der Echtheit des Wertgegenstands gestatten und die zugleich als Schutz vor unerlaubter Reproduktion dienen.Valuables such as branded goods or documents of value are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which allow verification of the authenticity of the object of value and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
Vielfach werden als Sicherheitselemente optisch variable Elemente eingesetzt, die dem Betrachter unter unterschiedlichen Betrachtungswinkeln einen unterschiedlichen Bildeindruck, beispielsweise einen unterschiedlichen Farbeindruck vermitteln. Vielfach werden zur Echtheitsabsicherung auch Hologramme, holographische Gitterbilder und andere hologrammähnliche Beugungsstrukturen eingesetzt, die dem Betrachter ein betrachtungswinkelabhängiges Beugungsbild darbieten.In many cases, optically variable elements are used as security elements, which give the viewer a different image impression, for example a different color impression, at different viewing angles. In many cases holograms, holographic grating images and other hologram-like diffraction structures are used for authenticity assurance, which offer the viewer a viewing angle-dependent diffraction pattern.
Sicherheitselemente mit hologrammartigen Beugungsstrukturen werden unter anderem im Transferverfahren auf das Zielsubstrat, beispielsweise eine Banknote, übertragen. Die Ablösung des Sicherheitselements von der Trägerfolie erfolgt dabei entweder über so genannte Releaseschichten, die meist thermisch aktivierbar sind, oder durch die geringe Haftung des Sicherheitselements auf der Trägerfolie. Um einen Verbund zum Papier zu ermöglichen, ist das Sicherheitselement darüber hinaus mit einem geeigneten Klebstoffsystem beschichtet. Andere Sicherheitsmerkmale, wie beispielsweise Glanzpigmente oder andere optisch variable Effektfarben, werden dagegen meist direkt auf ein Papiersubstrat aufgedruckt. Die Brillanz und der optische Eindruck des jeweiligen Sicherheitselements hängen dabei stark vom Untergrund ab.Security elements with hologram-like diffraction structures are transferred, inter alia, in the transfer process to the target substrate, for example a banknote. The detachment of the security element from the carrier film takes place either via so-called release layers, which are usually thermally activated, or by the low adhesion of the security element on the carrier film. In addition, to enable a bond to the paper, the security element is coated with a suitable adhesive system. Other security features, such as luster pigments or other optically variable effect colors, however, usually printed directly on a paper substrate. The brilliance and the visual impression of the respective security element depend strongly on the background.
Die Druckschrift
Ausgehend davon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, das die Nachteile des Stands der Technik vermeidet.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a method which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Bei Multischicht-Sicherheitselementen ist oft eine gewünschte Schichtreihenfolge nicht möglich, da bestimmte Sicherheitsmerkmale bevorzugt auf glatten, nicht porösen Substraten hergestellt werden oder zum Teil sogar auf solchen Substraten hergestellt werden müssen.With multilayer security elements, a desired layer sequence is often not possible since certain security features are preferably produced on smooth, non-porous substrates or, in some cases, even have to be produced on such substrates.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird deshalb die einen speziellen Untergrund benötigende Effektschicht eines ersten Schichtverbunds auf einer separaten Kunststoffträgerfolie vorbereitet und anschließend auf einen zweiten Schichtverbund übertragen, wobei der zweite Schichtverbund ebenfalls eine Kunststoffträgerfolie umfasst. Die Kunststoffträgerfolie des ersten Schichtverbunds wird hierbei speziell an die Bedürfnisse der Effektschicht angepasst.According to the invention, therefore, the special substrate requiring effect layer of a first layer composite is prepared on a separate plastic carrier film and then transferred to a second layer composite, wherein the second layer composite also a plastic carrier film includes. The plastic carrier film of the first layer composite is hereby specially adapted to the needs of the effect layer.
So haben beispielsweise bestimmte Kunststofffolien aufgrund ihrer inneren Struktur die Eigenschaft, dass sie flüssigkristallines Material ausrichten. So können flüssigkristalline Materialien auf einfache Weise ausgerichtet und anschließend auf eine beliebige andere Schichtenfolge übertragen werden, die an sich keine entsprechenden Eigenschaften aufweist.For example, due to their internal structure, certain plastic films have the property of aligning liquid crystal material. Thus, liquid-crystalline materials can be aligned in a simple manner and then transferred to any other layer sequence, which in itself has no corresponding properties.
Aber auch wenn das flüssigkristalline Material mittels Ausrichtungs- bzw. Alignmentschichten ausgerichtet wird, bietet die Erfindung den Vorteil, dass die Alignmentschicht nicht im Schichtverbund des Sicherheitselements vorgesehen werden muss. Denn die Ausrichtung des flüssigkristallinen Materials erfolgt auf einer separaten Trägerfolie und anschließend wird lediglich das flüssigkristalline Material auf den Schichtaufbau des Sicherheitselements übertragen.However, even if the liquid-crystalline material is aligned by means of alignment layers, the invention offers the advantage that the alignment layer does not have to be provided in the layer composite of the security element. Because the orientation of the liquid-crystalline material takes place on a separate carrier film and then only the liquid-crystalline material is transferred to the layer structure of the security element.
Es gibt jedoch auch andere Beispiele für Effektschichten, die einen speziellen Untergrund benötigen. Aufgedampfte, optisch variable Schichten, wie z.B. Beugungsstrukturen, Interferenzschichtpigmente, Flüssigkristallpigmente oder Metalleffektpigmente, beispielsweise benötigen einen sehr glatten Untergrund, um einen brillanten Farbeindruck bzw. eine spiegelnde Oberfläche zu erreichen. Wenn die Untergrundschicht in der gewünschten Schichtfolge des Sicherheitselements nicht ausreichend glatt ist, wie dies z.B. bei Magnetschichten der Fall ist, können derartige Schichten auf einem optimal vorbereiteten Untergrund einer Kunststoffträgerfolie vorbereitet und anschließend an gewünschter Stelle im Schichtaufbau des Sicherheitselements eingefügt werden, wie z.B. auf einer rauen Magnetschicht. Für den Übertrag wird vorzugsweise eine Klebeschicht verwendet, die ebenfalls den rauen Untergrund ausgleicht.However, there are other examples of effect layers that require a special substrate. Vapor deposited, optically variable layers, such as, for example, diffraction structures, interference layer pigments, liquid crystal pigments or metallic effect pigments, for example, require a very smooth substrate in order to achieve a brilliant color impression or a reflecting surface. If the background layer in the desired layer sequence of the security element is not sufficiently smooth, as is the case, for example, with magnetic layers, then such layers can be prepared on an optimally prepared substrate of a plastic carrier film and then inserted at the desired location in the layer structure of the security element like on a rough magnetic layer. For the transfer preferably an adhesive layer is used, which also compensates for the rough ground.
Selbstverständlich kann das Sicherheitselement mit weiteren funktionellen Schichten, wie elektrisch leitenden, lumineszierenden, magnetischen Schichten, oder beliebigen Aufdrucken versehen werden. Auch weitere nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Schichten können eingefügt werden.Of course, the security element can be provided with further functional layers, such as electrically conductive, luminescent, magnetic layers, or any imprints. Other layers produced by the process according to the invention can also be incorporated.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von flüssigkristallinen Effektschichten näher beschrieben. Solche flüssigkristallinen Effektschichten zeigen, wie weiter unten im Detail erläutert, bestimmte Polarisations- bzw. Farbeffekte.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to liquid-crystalline effect layers. Such liquid crystalline effect layers show, as explained in detail below, certain polarization or color effects.
Das flüssigkristalline Material wird vorzugsweise ohne weitere Alignmentschichten direkt auf die Kunststoffträgerfolie aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufgedruckt. Vorzugsweise wird das flüssigkristalline Material partiell aufgebracht.The liquid-crystalline material is preferably applied directly to the plastic carrier film without further alignment layers, preferably printed. Preferably, the liquid crystalline material is partially applied.
Die flüssigkristallinen Schichten werden mit Vorteil als Lackschicht aus smektischem, nematischem oder cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufgedruckt. Als Drucktechniken für die flüssigkristallinen Schichten bieten sich dabei insbesondere Tiefdruck, Siebdruck, Flexodruck, Knife- oder Curtaincoating an.The liquid-crystalline layers are advantageously applied as a lacquer layer of smectic, nematic or cholesteric liquid-crystalline material, preferably printed. Gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, knife or curtain coating are particularly suitable as printing techniques for the liquid-crystalline layers.
Der zweite Schichtverbund kann in einer Erfindungsvariante eine reflektierende Schicht umfassen, die durch ein reflektierendes Dünnschichtelement mit betrachtungswinkelabhängigem Farbeindruck gebildet ist. Das Dünnschichtelement ist dabei vorzugsweise mit einer Reflexionsschicht, einer Absorberschicht und einer zwischen der Reflexionsschicht und der Absorberschicht angeordneten dielektrischen Abstandsschicht ausgebildet. Die Reflexionsschicht des Dünnschichtelements ist bevorzugt aus einer opaken oder semitransparenten Metallschicht gebildet.In a variant of the invention, the second layer composite may comprise a reflective layer which is formed by a reflective thin-film element with a viewing angle-dependent color impression. The thin-film element is preferably formed with a reflection layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer. The reflection layer of the thin-film element is preferably formed from an opaque or semitransparent metal layer.
Das Dünnschichtelement kann auch mit zumindest einer Absorberschicht und zumindest einer dielektrischen Abstandsschicht gebildet werden, wobei die Absorberschichten und die dielektrischen Abstandsschichten alternierend übereinander angeordnet werden. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit wird das Dünnschichtelement mit mehreren dielektrischen Abstandsschichten gebildet, wobei aneinander angrenzende Schichten mit stark unterschiedlichen Brechungsindizes ausgebildet werden.The thin-film element can also be formed with at least one absorber layer and at least one dielectric spacer layer, the absorber layers and the dielectric spacer layers being arranged alternately one above the other. According to a further embodiment possibility, the thin-film element is formed with a plurality of dielectric spacer layers, wherein adjoining layers having greatly different refractive indices are formed.
Nach einer weiteren Erfindungsvariante umfasst der zweite Schichtverbund eine optisch wirksame Mikrostruktur, die bevorzugt als diffraktive Beugungsstruktur, als Mattstruktur, als Anordnung aus Mikrolinsen oder als Anordnung aus Mikrospiegeln gebildet wird.According to a further variant of the invention, the second layer composite comprises an optically active microstructure which is preferably formed as a diffractive diffraction structure, as a matt structure, as an arrangement of microlenses or as an arrangement of micromirrors.
Als Trägerfolie wird bei den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorzugsweise eine glatte Folie mit guter Oberflächenqualität bereitgestellt. Insbesondere kann eine speziell für die Ausrichtung von Flüssigkristallen ausgelegte Folie bereitgestellt werden. Beispielsweise kann mit Vorteil eine Kunststofffolie als Trägerfolie eingesetzt werden. Als Beispiele für Kunststoff-Trägerfolien sind Folien aus PET, OPP, BOPP, PE oder Celluloseacetat zu nennen. Die Trägerfolie kann auch selbst mehrere Teilschichten umfassen, beispielsweise kann die Trägerfolie mit einer Alignmentschicht für die Ausrichtung von Flüssigkristallen versehen werden. Als Alignmentschicht kommt insbesondere eine Schicht aus einem linearen Photopolymer, eine fein strukturierte Schicht, d.h. eine Schicht mit ausrichtungsfördernder Oberflächentopographie, oder eine durch Ausübung von Scherkräften ausgerichtete Schicht infrage. Eine geeignete fein strukturierte Schicht kann beispielsweise durch Prägen, Ätzen oder Einritzen hergestellt werden.The carrier film used in the process according to the invention is preferably provided as a smooth film with good surface quality. In particular, a film specially designed for the alignment of liquid crystals can be provided. For example, it is advantageous to use a plastic film as a carrier film. As examples of plastic carrier films are Films made of PET, OPP, BOPP, PE or Celluloseacetat to name. The carrier film may also itself comprise a plurality of sub-layers, for example, the carrier film may be provided with an alignment layer for the alignment of liquid crystals. As an alignment layer is in particular a layer of a linear photopolymer, a finely structured layer, ie a layer with orientation-promoting surface topography, or aligned by applying shear forces layer in question. A suitable finely structured layer can be produced for example by embossing, etching or scoring.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann zum Herstellen beliebiger Sicherheitselemente, insbesondere eines Sicherheitsfadens, eines transferierbaren Sicherheitsstreifens oder eines Patches, verwendet werden. Das fertige Sicherheitselement wird beispielsweise in ein Sicherheitspapier oder Wertgegenstand, insbesondere Wertdokument, eingebettet oder auf dessen Oberfläche aufgebracht. Das Sicherheitselement enthält dabei bevorzugt ein Trägersubstrat aus Papier oder Kunststoff.The method according to the invention can be used to produce any desired security elements, in particular a security thread, a transferable security strip or a patch. The finished security element is embedded, for example, in a security paper or valuable item, in particular value document, or applied to its surface. The security element preferably contains a carrier substrate made of paper or plastic.
Wertgegenstände im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind insbesondere Banknoten, Aktien, Anleihen, Urkunden, Gutscheine, Schecks, hochwertige Eintrittskarten, aber auch andere fälschungsgefährdete Papiere, wie Pässe und sonstige Ausweisdokumente, sowie Produktsicherungselemente, wie Etiketten, Siegel, Verpackungen und dergleichen. Der Begriff "Wertgegen-stand" schließt im Folgenden alle derartigen Gegenstände, Dokumente und Produktsicherungsmittel ein. Unter dem Begriff "Sicherheitspapier" wird die noch nicht umlauffähige Vorstufe zu einem Wertdokument verstanden, die neben dem Sicherheitselement weitere Echtheitsmerkmale, wie z.B. im Volumen vorgesehene Lumineszenzstoffe, aufweisen kann. Sicherheitspapier liegt üblicherweise in quasi endloser Form vor und wird zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt weiterverarbeitet.Valuables within the meaning of the present invention are in particular banknotes, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality admission tickets, but also other counterfeit-endangered papers, such as passports and other identification documents, as well as product security elements, such as labels, seals, packaging and the like. The term "valuables" below includes all such items, documents and product means of protection. The term "security paper" is understood to mean the precursor that can not yet be processed into a value document which, in addition to the security element, has further authenticity features, such as in volume provided luminescent substances may have. Security paper is usually in quasi-endless form and will be further processed at a later date.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sowie Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert, bei deren Darstellung auf eine maßstabs- und proportionsgetreue Wiedergabe verzichtet wurde, um die Anschaulichkeit zu erhöhen.Further exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures, in the representation of which a representation true to scale and proportion has been dispensed with in order to increase the clarity.
Es zeigen:
- Fig.1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Banknote mit einem eingebetteten Sicherheitsfaden und einem aufgeklebten Sicherheitsstreifen,
- Fig. 2
- eine Aufsicht auf einen Teilbereich des Sicherheitsstreifens der
Fig.1 , wie er bei Betrachtung ohne Hilfsmittel bzw. bei Betrachtung durch einen Polarisator erscheint, - Fig. 3
- in Querschnittsdarstellung einen Zwischenschritt bei der Herstellung eines Transfermaterials,
- Fig. 4 bis 6
- Darstellungen wie in
Fig. 3 von Transfermaterialien nach weiteren Beispielen, - Fig. 7
- die Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei (a) und (b) einen ersten und zweiten Schichtverbund vor dem Kaschieren und (c) das fertige Sicherheitselement zeigt,
- Fig. 8
- eine Darstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
- Fig. 9
- eine Darstellung wie in
Fig. 3 nach einem weiteren Beispiel, - Fig. 10
- die Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements, wobei (a) und (b) einen ersten und zweiten Schichtverbund vor dem Kaschieren und (c) das fertige Sicherheitselement zeigen,
- Fig. 11
- eine Variante des Beispiels von
Fig. 10(c) , das sich von diesem nur in der Ausgestaltung des zweiten Schichtverbunds unterscheidet, - Fig. 12
- die Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei (a), (b) und (c) einen ersten, zweiten und dritten Schichtverbund vor dem Kaschieren und (d) das fertige Sicherheitselement zeigen,
- Fig. 13
- die Übertragung des mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements der
Fig. 7 auf ein Zielsubstrat, und - Fig. 14
- eine Darstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements nach einem weiteren Beispiel.
- Fig.1
- a schematic representation of a banknote with an embedded security thread and a glued security strip,
- Fig. 2
- a view of a portion of the security strip of the
Fig.1 , as it appears when viewed without aids or when viewed through a polarizer, - Fig. 3
- in cross-section an intermediate step in the production of a transfer material,
- 4 to 6
- Depictions like in
Fig. 3 of transfer materials according to further examples, - Fig. 7
- the production of a multilayer security element according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein (a) and (b) shows a first and second layer composite before laminating and (c) the finished security element,
- Fig. 8
- a representation of a multilayer security element according to a further embodiment of the invention,
- Fig. 9
- a representation like in
Fig. 3 for another example, - Fig. 10
- the production of a multilayer security element, wherein (a) and (b) show a first and second layer composite before laminating and (c) the finished security element,
- Fig. 11
- a variant of the example of
Fig. 10 (c) , which differs from this only in the design of the second layer composite, - Fig. 12
- the production of a multilayer security element according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, wherein (a), (b) and (c) show a first, second and third layer composite prior to laminating and (d) the finished security element,
- Fig. 13
- the transmission of the multilayer security element of
Fig. 7 on a target substrate, and - Fig. 14
- a representation of a multilayer security element according to another example.
Die Erfindung wird nun am Beispiel einer Banknote näher erläutert.
Das erste Sicherheitselement stellt einen Sicherheitsfaden 12 dar, der an bestimmten Fensterbereichen 14 an der Oberfläche der Banknote 10 hervortritt, während er in den dazwischen liegenden Bereichen im Inneren der Banknote 10 eingebettet ist. Das zweite Sicherheitselement ist durch einen breiten, mit einem Heißsiegelkleber auf das Banknotenpapier aufgeklebten Sicherheitsstreifen 16 gebildet.The first security element represents a
Wird der Sicherheitsstreifen 16 durch einen Linear-Polarisator 20 betrachtet, so treten zusätzliche Strukturen, im Ausführungsbeispiel ein Wabenmuster 24, in Erscheinung. Diese mit bloßem Auge praktisch nicht erkennbaren Strukturen können zur Echtheitsprüfung der Banknote 10 eingesetzt werden.If the
Alternativ können die Strukturen auch mit einem Zirkularpolarisator sichtbar gemacht werden.Alternatively, the structures can also be visualized with a circular polarizer.
Der Aufbau und die Herstellung von Sicherheitselementen mittels erfindungsgemäßer Verfahren werden zunächst anhand einfacherer und dann zunehmend komplexerer Sicherheitselementaufbauten erläutert.The construction and production of security elements by means of methods according to the invention are first explained by means of simpler and then increasingly complex security element structures.
Auf die Nematenschicht kann mit dieser zumindest teilweise überlappend eine weitere, hier nicht gezeigte Schicht aus flüssigkristallinem Material, z.B. aus cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material in Form eines Motivs ebenfalls partiell aufgedruckt sein.On the Nematenschicht can this at least partially overlapping another, not shown here layer of liquid crystal material, e.g. also be partially printed from cholesteric liquid crystalline material in the form of a motif.
Um die nur bereichsweise vorliegende Nematenschicht 34 und gegebenenfalls die weitere Schicht aus cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material in einem späteren Arbeitsgang auf ein Zielsubstrat, wie etwa ein Sicherheitspapier oder ein Wertdokument, transferieren zu können, wird auf die Nematenschicht 34 und die Trägerfolie 32 vollflächig eine Transferhilfsschicht 36, z.B. eine UV-vernetzbare Lacksschicht, aufgedruckt, deren Haftung zur Trägerfolie 32 geringer ist als zur Nematenschicht 34. Als UV-vernetzbare Transferhilfsschicht 36 kann auch eine Schicht aus cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material oder eine Prägelackschicht eingesetzt werden.In order to be able to transfer the only locally
Anschließend wird eine Klebeschicht 38 auf die Transferhilfsschicht 36 aufgebracht, mit der der Schichtverbund aus Trägerfolie 32, Nematenschicht 34 und Transferhilfsschicht 36 auf ein Zielsubstrat, wie etwa ein Sicherheitspapier, ein Wertdokument oder auch einen weiteren Faden- oder Streifenaufbau 35, aufkaschiert werden kann. Falls gewünscht oder erforderlich, kann die Trägerfolie 32 für die Nematenschicht 34 und die Transferhilfsschicht 36 zuletzt durch Trennwicklung wieder entfernt werden. Die beschädigungslose Ablösbarkeit der Trägerfolie 32 ist durch die größere Haftung der Transferhilfsschicht 36 zur Nematenschicht 34 sichergestellt.Subsequently, an
Bei allen Ausgestaltungen kann sowohl die Transferhilfsschicht als auch die Klebeschicht maschinenlesbare Merkmalsstoffe, wie z.B. magnetische, elektrisch leitfähige, phosphoreszierende oder fluoreszierende Stoffe enthalten.In all embodiments, both the transfer assist layer and the adhesive layer may include machine-readable feature substances, such as e.g. contain magnetic, electrically conductive, phosphorescent or fluorescent substances.
Vor dem Aufbringen der Klebeschicht 38 kann eine weitere, hier nicht gezeigte Schicht auf die Transferhilfsschicht 36 aufgedruckt werden. Die weitere Schicht kann insbesondere mit Aussparungen oder in Form von Mustern, Zeichen oder Codierungen vorgesehen sein. Unter dieser Schicht kann eine weitere, z.B. maschinenlesbare Schicht aufgedruckt werden. Es können auch in der weiteren Schicht selbst maschinenlesbare Sicherheitsmerkmale untergebracht sein. Der weitere Herstellungsprozess verläuft dann, wie bereits in Zusammenhang mit
Bei dem Transfermaterial 40 des in
Da Releaseschichten in der Regel die Ausrichtung nachfolgend aufgebrachter Flüssigkristallschichten stören, wird die releasefähige Trägerfolie 42 mit einer ausrichtungsfördernden Alignmentschicht 48 versehen. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Schicht aus einem linearen Photopolymer, eine Schicht mit ausrichtungsfördernder Oberflächentopographie oder eine durch Ausübung von Scherkräften ausgerichtete Schicht handeln.Since release layers usually interfere with the alignment of subsequently applied liquid crystal layers, the release-capable carrier film 42 is provided with an alignment-promoting
Der Einsatz von Alignmentschichten ist allerdings nicht auf Transfermaterialien mit releasefähigen Trägerfolien beschränkt.
Vor dem Aufbringen der Klebeschicht 38 wird eine weitere Schicht 54 auf die Transferhilfsschicht 36 aufgedruckt. Die weitere Schicht 54 kann insbesondere mit Aussparungen oder in Form von Mustern, Zeichen oder Codierungen vorgesehen sein. Um eine gute Erkennbarkeit der Farb- und Polarisationseffekte der Flüssigkristallschichten zu ermöglichen, kann die Schicht 54 durch einen absorbierenden Aufdruck oder eine spiegelnde Metallschicht bereitgestellt werden. Beispielsweise kann die Schicht durch Bedrucken der Transferhilfsschicht 36 mit einer handelsüblichen, insbesondere schwarzen Druckfarbe hergestellt werden. Dies bietet sich insbesondere dann an, wenn die Transferhilfsschicht 36 aus cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material besteht. Liegt die Transferhilfsschicht 36 als UV-vernetzbare Lackschicht vor, kann die weitere Schicht durch eine Metallschicht bereitgestellt werden, in die durch partielle Demetallisierung Aussparungen, z.B. in Form einer Negativschrift, eingebracht werden können. Unter der Schicht 54 kann eine weitere, z.B. maschinenlesbare Schicht aufgedruckt werden. Es können auch in der Schicht 54 selbst weitere, insbesondere maschinenlesbare Sicherheitsmerkmale untergebracht sein. Der weitere Herstellungsprozess verläuft dann, wie bereits in Zusammenhang mit
Bei dem Transfermaterial mit Negativschrift 60 der
Anschließend wird in die Prägelackschicht 62 eine gewünschte Prägestruktur 64, z.B. eine Beugungsstruktur, eingeprägt und eine reflektierende Schicht 66, insbesondere eine Metallschicht, aufgebracht, in die durch partielle Demetallisierung Aussparungen 68, im Ausführungsbeispiel in Form einer Negativschrift, eingebracht werden. Alternativ kann die Prägestruktur 64 auch mit einer hochbrechenden Schicht versehen werden. Beispiele für hochbrechende Materialien sind CaS, CrO2, ZnSi, TiO2 oder SiOx. Zuletzt wird für den Transfer auf das Zielsubstrat eine Klebeschicht 38 auf den Schichtverbund aufgebracht.Subsequently, a desired embossed
Statt einer reflektierenden Schicht 66 in Form einer Metallschicht oder einer hochbrechenden Schicht kann die Prägestruktur 64 auch mit einem Dünnschichtelement mit Farbkippeffekt versehen werden, wie dies nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf
Vor Aufbringen der Klebeschicht 38 können weitere, insbesondere maschinell lesbare und/ oder dekorative Schichten auf die teilweise demetallisierte Prägelackschicht 62, insbesondere auch in Überlappung mit der Metallschicht 66 aufgebracht werden. Beispielsweise kann eine handelsübliche Druckfarbe aufgedruckt werden, die dann in den Aussparungen bzw. demetallisierten Bereichen der Prägelackschicht bei Betrachtung des auf ein Substrat aufgebrachten Folienmaterials erkennbar ist. Die Druckfarbe kann ebenso wie die Klebeschicht 38 darüber hinaus maschinenlesbare Merkmalsstoffe, wie z.B. magnetische, elektrisch leitfähige, phosphoreszierende oder fluoreszierende Stoffe enthalten.Before the
Daneben wird, wie in
Der zweite Schichtverbund 74 wird über eine Klebeschicht 76 (
Die durch die Ablösung der zweiten Trägerfolie 80 verringerten Schutzfunktion für die Metallisierung kann durch Schutzlackschichten ausgeglichen werden. Übliche Schutzlackschichten sind optisch weitgehend isotrop und beeinträchtigen die Erkennbarkeit polarisierender Effekte daher nicht.The reduced by the detachment of the
Wird als Transferhilfsschicht 36 eine Schicht aus cholesterischem flüssigkristallinem Material eingesetzt, kann eine zusätzliche, dunkel eingefärbte Schicht auf den Schichtverbund 74 gegebenenfalls partiell aufgebracht werden, um eine gute Erkennbarkeit des Farbeffekts der cholesterischen Flüssigkristallschicht zu gewährleisten. Alternativ kann auch die Prägelackschicht 82 dunkel eingefärbt werden.If a layer of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material is used as the
Der zweite Schichtverbund kann anstelle der Prägestruktur auch nur eine reflektierende Schicht, insbesondere eine Metallschicht, enthalten, die vorzugsweise mit großen Demetallisierungsanteilen in ein Druckmotiv integriert wird. Verglichen mit herkömmlichen Gestaltungen weist das erfindungsgemäße Transfermaterial dann mit der Nematenschicht 34 eine zusätzliche Prüfebene auf, die mit einem Polarisator authentisiert werden kann.Instead of the embossed structure, the second layer composite can also contain only one reflective layer, in particular a metal layer, which is preferably integrated into a print motif with large portions of demetallization. Compared with conventional designs, the transfer material according to the invention then has an additional test level with the
Bei allen Gestaltungen mit einer reflektierenden Schicht kann diese auch durch einen komplexeren Reflexionsschichtaufbau mit besonderen Reflexionseffekten, wie etwa einem Farbkippeffekt, ersetzt werden.
Zur Herstellung des mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements 90 der
Das Dünnschichtelement 92 weist im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Reflexionsschicht 94, eine Absorberschicht 98 und eine zwischen der Reflexionsschicht und der Absorberschicht angeordnete dielektrische Abstandsschicht 96 auf. Der Farbkippeffekt beruht bei solchen Dünnschichtelementen auf betrachtungswinkelabhängigen Interferenzeffekten durch Mehrfachreflexionen in den verschiedenen Teilschichten des Elements. Die Absorberschicht 98 und/ oder die dielektrische Abstandsschicht 96 können Aussparungen in Form von Mustern, Zeichen oder Codierungen aufweisen, in denen kein Farbkippeffekt erkennbar ist. Auch die Reflexionsschicht 94 kann Aussparungen in Form von Mustern, Zeichen oder Codierungen aufweisen, die dann transparente oder semitransparente Bereiche in dem Dünnschichtelement 92 bilden.In the exemplary embodiment, the thin-
Die Reihenfolge der Schichten des Dünnschichtelements kann auch umgekehrt sein. Alternativ kann das Dünnschichtelement eine Schichtenfolge aus Absorberschicht/ Dielektrikumsschicht/ Absorberschicht oder eine Abfolge mehrerer Schichten aus alternierend hochbrechenden und niedrigbrechenden Dielektrika aufweisen. Auch eine Schichtenfolge aus Reflexionsschicht und einer absorbierenden Dielektrikumsschicht kommt in Betracht.The order of the layers of the thin-film element can also be reversed. Alternatively, the thin-film element may have a layer sequence of absorber layer / dielectric layer / absorber layer or a sequence of several layers of alternating high-index and low-index dielectrics. A layer sequence of reflection layer and an absorbing dielectric layer is also possible.
Der so erzeugte zweite Schichtverbund wird dann über eine Klebeschicht 76 auf den ersten Schichtverbund aufkaschiert und die zweite Trägerfolie durch Trennwicklung entfernt. Für den Transfer auf das Zielsubstrat wird eine Klebeschicht 38 auf die nunmehr freiliegende Rückseite des Dünnschichtelements 92 aufgebracht. Auf die freiliegende Rückseite des Dünnschichtelements 92 können vor dem Aufbringen der Klebeschicht 38 weitere maschinell lesbare und/oder dekorative Schichten, z.B. mit einer Magnetfarbe, aufgebracht werden. Nach dem Transfer kann auch die erste Trägerfolie 32 abgelöst werden.The second layer composite produced in this way is then laminated onto the first layer composite via an
In einer nicht gezeigten Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels von
Das Sicherheitselement unterscheidet sich von dem in
Um die Haftung der Prägelackschicht 102 auf der Transferhilfsschicht 36 zu verbessern, wird Letztere mit Vorteil zuvor einer Koronabehandlung unterworfen oder sie wird mit einem geeigneten Haftvermittler ausgestattet. Auf den gesamten Schichtverbund wird für den Transfer auf das Zielsubstrat noch eine Klebeschicht 38 aufgebracht. Je nach Wahl der vermittelnden Schicht und den Ansprüchen an die Brillanz kann die Trägerfolie 32 nach dem Aufbringen des Transfermaterials 100 entfernt oder an dem Aufbau belassen werden.In order to improve the adhesion of the
Die Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements 110, z.B eines Sicherheitsfadens, mit einem flüssigkristallbasierten Farbkippeffekt, einer Negativschrift und einer Magnetcodierung nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nun anhand der
Zunächst wird, wie in
Der zweite Schichtverbund 114 wird dann über eine Klebeschicht 116 (
In einer nicht gezeigten Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels von
Eine weitere Variante des Beispiels von
Zunächst wird ein erster Schichtverbund 150 aus einer ersten Kunststoffträgerfolie 152, einer nematischen Flüssigkristallschicht 154, einer Transferhilfsschicht 156 aus einem modifizierten UV-härtenden Lack und einer ersten Klebeschicht 158 hergestellt, wie in
Zur Herstellung eines zweiten Schichtverbunds 160, der in
Ein dritter Schichtverbund 180, der im fertigen Sicherheitsfaden als Abdeckelement fungiert, wird durch Aufbringen einer vollflächigen Metallschicht 184 auf eine dritte, besonders dünne Kunststoffträgerfolie 182 und dem Versehen der Metallschicht 184 mit einer weiteren vollflächigen Klebeschicht 186 erzeugt, wie in
Nun wird der erste Schichtverbund 150 mit dem Nematendruck mithilfe der Klebeschicht 158 auf die Oberseite des Hologrammschichtverbunds 160 aufkaschiert (Pfeil 142) und der Abdeckschichtverbund 180 wird über die Klebeschicht 186 auf die den Magnetcode tragende Unterseite des Hologrammschichtverbunds 160 kaschiert (Pfeil 144). Auf die Rückseite der dritten Trägerfolie 182 können dann weitere Schichten 146, wie etwa eine weiße Deckschicht, die für die Einbettung des Sicherheitsfadens in ein Sicherheitspapier benötigt werden, aufgebracht werden. Abschließend wird für den Transfer auf das Zielsubstrat eine Klebeschicht 38, beispielsweise ein Heißsiegellack aufgebracht, wie in
Das Aufbringen der beschriebenen Sicherheitselemente auf ein Zielsubstrat 200, z.B. ein Sicherheitspapier oder eine Kunststofffolie, wird mit Bezug auf
Die Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Sicherheitselements 210, z.B eines Sicherheitsfadens, mit einer Negativschrift und einer verdeckten Magnetcodierung wird nun anhand der
Zunächst wird ein erster Schichtenverbund 212 aus einer ersten transparenten Trägerfolie 232, einer bereichsweise aufgebrachten, insbesondere aufgedruckten Schicht mit flächigen Metallpigmenten 234 und einer Transferhilfsschicht 236, z.B. einer UV-vernetzbare Lackschicht, erzeugt. Druckfarben mit derartigen flächigen Metallpigmenten ergeben eine besonders gute Brillanz, wenn sie direkt auf sehr glatte Oberflächen gedruckt werden. Die transparente Trägerfolie sollte daher eine gute Oberflächenqualität aufweisen.First, a
Ein zweiter Schichtverbund 222 wird hergestellt, indem auf einer zweiten Trägerfolie 246 eine Aluminiumschicht 242 mit Aussparungen in Form einer Negativschrift erzeugt wird, und auf die Aluminiumschicht eine Magnetschicht 244, im Ausführungsbeispiel in Form einer Codierung, aufgebrächt wird.A
Der zweite Schichtverbund 222 wird dann über eine Klebeschicht 238 auf den ersten Schichtverbund 212 passergenau aufkaschiert. Anschließend können weitere, hier nicht gezeigte Schichten, die für die Einbettung des Sicherheitsfadens in ein Sicherheitspapier benötigt werden, auf die Rückseite der zweiten Trägerfolie 246 aufgebracht werden. Abschließend wird für den Transfer auf das Zielsubstrat eine Klebeschicht 38, beispielsweise ein Heißsiegellack aufgebracht. Die Trägerfolie 232 kann durch Trennwickeln entfernt werden und es können weitere Schichten des Fadenaufbaus, wie etwa ein Haftvermittler und ein Heißsiegellack auf die dann freiliegenden Schichten 234 bzw. 236 aufgebracht werden.The
In einem solchen mehrschichtigen Aufbau werden die schwarzen Magnetbereiche durch die Aufbringung der hochopake, flächige Metallpigmente enthaltenden Druckfarbe verdeckt. Würden solche Druckfarben hingegen direkt auf die raue Magnetschicht 244 gedruckt werden, wäre die Brillanz der Farbe nicht zufrieden stellend und das visuelle Erscheinungsbild des Sicherheitselements wäre auf beiden Seiten unterschiedlich.In such a multi-layered construction, the black magnetic regions are contained by the application of the high opaque, flat metal pigments Printing ink obscured. On the other hand, if such inks were printed directly on the rough
In einem weiteren, nicht dargestellten Beispiel besteht das Transfermaterial aus einer auf eine transparente Kunststoffträgerfolie vollflächig aufgebrachten Effektschicht aus optisch variablen Pigmenten, wie etwa Interferenzschichtpigmenten. Solche Effektschichten benötigen eine sehr glatten Untergrund, um einer brillanten Farbeindruck zu erreichen. Anstelle der transparenten Kunststoffträgerfolie kann auch eine auf einer transparenten Trägerfolie aufgebrachte Lackschicht eingesetzt werden, die eine geeignete Oberflächenqualität aufweist. Zur Stabilisierung der Effektschicht bei der Übertragung auf ein Zielsubstrat kann gegebenenfalls auch eine Transferhilfsschicht auf die Effektschicht aufgebracht werden.In another example, not shown, the transfer material consists of an effect layer of optically variable pigments, such as interference layer pigments, which is applied over the entire surface to a transparent plastic carrier film. Such effect layers require a very smooth surface in order to achieve a brilliant color impression. Instead of the transparent plastic carrier film, it is also possible to use a lacquer layer applied to a transparent carrier film which has a suitable surface quality. In order to stabilize the effect layer during the transfer to a target substrate, it is also possible if appropriate to apply a transfer aid layer to the effect layer.
In einer Variante dieses Beispiels kann die Ablösbarkeit der Trägerfolie von der Effektschicht auch durch eine unter den entsprechenden Übertragungsbedingungen die Trennung unterstützende Releaseschicht gewährleistet werden. Die Trägerfolie kann dann z.B. zusätzlich eine unter Heißsiegelbedingungen thermisch aktivierbare Releaseschicht aufweisen, wie dies in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
Zur Übertragung des Transfermaterials auf einen zweiten Schichtverbund, wie etwa einen weiteren Faden- oder Streifenaufbau, wird auf die Effektschicht ferner eine Klebeschicht aufgebracht. Alternativ kann die Klebeschicht auch auf dem zweiten Schichtverbund vorgesehen werden. Falls gewünscht oder erforderlich, kann die Trägerfolie zuletzt durch Trennwicklung wieder entfernt werden.For transferring the transfer material to a second layer composite, such as a further thread or strip structure, an adhesive layer is further applied to the effect layer. Alternatively, the adhesive layer also be provided on the second layer composite. If desired or required, the carrier film can be removed by separation winding last.
Claims (13)
- A method for manufacturing a multilayer security element, the security element exhibiting at least one effect layer that requires a smooth, non-porous background, characterized by the following steps:a) providing a first layered composite, especially a transfer material, by- providing a first plastic substrate foil that exhibits a smooth, non-porous surface;- applying the effect layer, the effect layer being formed by a first layer comprising a liquid crystal material, such that the first plastic substrate foil and the effect layer form a first layered composite;b) providing a second layered composite that comprises a second plastic substrate foil, and whichb1) either comprises a reflective layer, which is formed by a reflective thin-film element having a viewing-angle-dependent color impression,b2) or comprises an optically effective microstructure;c) joining the first and second layered composite such that the effect layer comes to rest on the second layered composite;d) removing the first plastic substrate foil.
- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the effect layer forms an optically effective effect layer or a reflectively acting effect layer.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the effect layer is applied to the substrate foil discontiguously.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one further liquid crystal layer is applied discontiguously between the discontiguously applied first liquid crystal layer and the transfer assist layer.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first and/or the further liquid crystal layers are applied in the form of patterns, characters or codes.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first liquid crystal layer and/or the further liquid crystal layers are applied, preferably imprinted, as a lacquer layer comprising nematic, cholesteric or smectic liquid crystal material.
- The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the first liquid crystal layer and/or the further liquid crystal layers and/or the transfer assist layer are imprinted by means of intaglio printing, screen printing, flexo printing, knife coating or curtain coating.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in case b1) the thin-film element is formed having a reflection layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacing layer disposed between the reflection layer and the absorber layer.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in case b2) the optically effective microstructure is formed as a diffraction pattern, as a matte pattern, as an arrangement of microlenses or as an arrangement of micromirrors.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a foil designed for the alignment of liquid crystals is provided as the substrate foil.
- The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a foil provided with an alignment layer for the alignment of liquid crystals is provided as the substrate foil.
- The method according to claim 11, characterized in that a layer comprising a linear photopolymer, a layer having an alignment-promoting surface topography or a layer aligned by the application of shear forces is used as the alignment layer.
- The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the layer having an alignment-promoting surface topography is manufactured by embossing, etching or scoring.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10014129.0A EP2287011B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and process for manufacturing it |
EP09004830.7A EP2123471B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Safety element and method for its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004021246A DE102004021246A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2004-04-30 | Security element and method for its production |
DE102004039355A DE102004039355A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | Security element and method for its production |
DE102004053007A DE102004053007A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Production process for security element involves applying effects layer to plastic support film and auxiliary transfer layer to entire surface of both |
PCT/EP2005/004667 WO2005108108A2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and methods for the production thereof |
Related Child Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP09004830.7A Division EP2123471B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Safety element and method for its production |
EP09004830.7A Division-Into EP2123471B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Safety element and method for its production |
EP10014129.0A Division EP2287011B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and process for manufacturing it |
EP10014129.0A Division-Into EP2287011B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and process for manufacturing it |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1744900A2 EP1744900A2 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
EP1744900B1 true EP1744900B1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10014129.0A Revoked EP2287011B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and process for manufacturing it |
EP09004830.7A Active EP2123471B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Safety element and method for its production |
EP05739976.8A Active EP1744900B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and methods for the production thereof |
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EP10014129.0A Revoked EP2287011B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Security element and process for manufacturing it |
EP09004830.7A Active EP2123471B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | Safety element and method for its production |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20070211238A1 (en) |
EP (3) | EP2287011B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005108108A2 (en) |
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EP3825139B1 (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2022-01-26 | Centro Grafico DG S.p.A. | Anticounterfeit multilayer device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070211238A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
EP2123471A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
WO2005108108A3 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
WO2005108108A8 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
EP2287011A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
WO2005108108A2 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
EP2123471B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
EP2287011A3 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
EP2287011B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
EP1744900A2 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
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