EP1742234A1 - Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion - Google Patents

Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1742234A1
EP1742234A1 EP05014826A EP05014826A EP1742234A1 EP 1742234 A1 EP1742234 A1 EP 1742234A1 EP 05014826 A EP05014826 A EP 05014826A EP 05014826 A EP05014826 A EP 05014826A EP 1742234 A1 EP1742234 A1 EP 1742234A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helium
container
arrangement according
cryostat arrangement
cryostat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05014826A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1742234B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Roth
Marco Strobel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bruker Biospin GmbH
Original Assignee
Bruker Biospin GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bruker Biospin GmbH filed Critical Bruker Biospin GmbH
Priority to EP05014826A priority Critical patent/EP1742234B1/fr
Priority to DE502005005693T priority patent/DE502005005693D1/de
Priority to US11/476,713 priority patent/US20100236260A1/en
Priority to KR1020060063481A priority patent/KR100843389B1/ko
Publication of EP1742234A1 publication Critical patent/EP1742234A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1742234B1 publication Critical patent/EP1742234B1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/12—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using 3He-4He dilution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Kryostatan extract arranged in a helium tank magnetic coil system and a horizontal room temperature hole, which allows access to a study volume in the center of the magnetic coil system, wherein the helium tank contains supercooled liquid helium having a temperature of less than 3.5K, in particular about 2K, and wherein the cryostat on its top for filling and evaporation of helium has at least one vertical tower structure.
  • a single helium tank is provided at which to directly submerge the helium contained therein.
  • the resulting reduction in pressure within the helium tank causes cooling of the helium.
  • the refilling of the pumped off helium is realized with a two-part helium inlet valve, which makes it possible to fill helium directly into the helium tank located on negative pressure.
  • Such cryostat configurations with undercooled helium are needed to generate high magnetic fields and to improve the efficiency of the device.
  • a disadvantage of direct pumping on the helium tank is that the helium tank is permanently operated at a negative pressure of about 30 mbar. With the intended continuous service life of such systems over many years, this permanent vacuum poses a significant risk to the system. In the presence of even minute leakages, air can enter the system and then form ice in the helium tank (water ice, N 2 ice, CO 2 ice cream, etc.). The ice can settle on the coil, obstruct its cooling and thus lead to quenching.
  • helium must be placed in a system that is under vacuum. Helium must be admitted into the helium tank via a safety valve and at the same time cooled down from 4.2 K to the operating temperature of approximately 2 K. Handling errors can easily lead to a malfunction with Magnetquench.
  • Another disadvantage is that, since the solenoid can only be operated at a lower temperature, it is difficult to replace faulty components which ensure the tightness of the system (valves, sealing rings, etc.) during operation.
  • DE 40 39 332 A1 and DE 40 39 365 A1 for vertical magnets with subcooled helium in which two helium tanks are arranged one above the other along the axis of the room temperature bore. The helium tanks are in contact with each other and are separated by a thermal barrier.
  • the upper helium tank at 4.2 K is at normal pressure, which avoids the above-described disadvantages of vertical magnets and the solenoid is in the lower tank in helium at about 2 K, which, as it hydrostatically via narrow column with the upper tank is connected, is also at normal pressure.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a horizontal Kryostatan extract with a magnetic coil system which avoids the disadvantages described above and which is suitable to produce high magnetic fields in a compact design, so that a continuous stable long-term operation can be achieved with undercooled high-field magnetic coil.
  • the container in the tower construction contains liquid helium at 4.2K, which can be directed into the helium tank if required.
  • a subcooling of helium in the helium tank is carried out by means of a subcooling unit.
  • a subcooling unit for example, it may be a Joule Thomson Act act, which causes an expansion of helium, a subcooling of helium in the helium tank.
  • liquid helium In the container of the tower structure is liquid helium at a temperature of about 4.2K.
  • the thermal barrier between the helium tank and the container in the tower can in principle permit a transition of the cryogenic liquids, heat exchange between the supercooled helium and the helium in the container and hence the losses of undercooled helium are thereby minimized.
  • cryostat assembly In a preferred embodiment of the cryostat arrangement according to the invention, at least two radiation shields are provided between helium tank and room temperature range. The cryostat assembly can then be used as a high performance cryostat.
  • the tower structure is constructed like a dome and at least one further tower is arranged at its top, in which the helium evaporating from the cryostat arrangement emits its enthalpy to the radiation shields provided in the cryostat arrangement,
  • At least two, preferably three annularly arranged further towers are provided, wherein in particular throttles are provided with a predetermined flow cross section for uniform distribution of the pumped helium on the towers.
  • flow monitors that measure the amount of flow of the evaporating helium through the other towers, and preferably a flow device be provided, which automatically controls the flow of the evaporating helium through the other towers.
  • Kryostatan extract in which in the other towers an annulus heat exchanger is arranged in the form of a hollow tube through which the evaporating from the Kryostatan extract and / or pumped helium is led to the outside and on the outside of the radiation shields are thermally coupled ,
  • the heat input to the cryostat is minimized in this way, since the shield system is cooled particularly effectively by the ring heat exchanger and the pumped helium.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a refrigerator, in particular a pulse tube cooler, for the re-liquefaction of helium protrudes into the container.
  • the helium evaporating from the helium bath then no longer needs to be pumped out of the container and new helium fed back, but can be liquefied again without helium losses within the container.
  • the container can be made correspondingly small, since the required supply of helium can be smaller because of the lower losses.
  • the refrigerator is two-stage and cools at least one of the radiation shields.
  • the helium pumped off by the subcooling unit cools at least one of the radiation shields.
  • a special embodiment of the cryostat arrangement according to the invention provides that helium is taken from the helium tank or the container via the subcooling unit.
  • the container is additionally connected to an external reservoir with gaseous helium, and the reservoir preferably has a slight overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the refrigerator can then suck in helium from the reservoir, which is returned to the container is liquefied and can be forwarded from there to hypothermia in the helium tank. Due to the slight overpressure of the reservoir relative to the atmosphere, it is avoided that contaminants enter the container.
  • the helium pumped out via the subcooling unit is pumped into the reservoir.
  • the reservoir is constantly refilled in this way.
  • the Kryostatan Aunt can form a closed system.
  • the external reservoir is connected to the refrigerator, so that at least part of the gas of the reservoir is directly back-liquefied by the refrigerator.
  • the reservoir may be connected to the upper part of the container.
  • the external reservoir is connected exclusively to the refrigerator.
  • the reservoir may be exclusively connected to the container.
  • a heating element may be provided in the container. With this, the pressure in the container can be regulated.
  • the helium tank and the container together form a divided tank, wherein the helium tank with the supercooled liquid helium is arranged below the container.
  • the division of the tank takes place here by the thermal barrier.
  • the barrier separating the container from the helium tank consists of a material which conducts heat poorly, so that heat transfer from the helium in the container to the supercooled helium in the helium tank is largely avoided.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the thermal barrier consists of at least two plates, which are essentially separated by a vacuum, and that the vacuum separating the plates is preferably part of a uniform vacuum within the cryostat arrangement. Through vacuum insulation, a heat exchange between the container and the helium tank is particularly effectively prevented.
  • an overpressure valve is provided in the barrier, which releases an increased pressure equalization cross section in the barrier when a certain pressure difference between the helium tank and the container is exceeded, and / or in at least one wall of the container not adjacent to the helium tank at least one rupture disc is provided which opens a large cross-section to the outside of the Kryostatanowski when exceeding a maximum pressure in the container.
  • a restricted flow cross-section in particular a pressure equalization gap, preferably an annular gap, is provided between the helium tank and the container, through which liquid helium can flow from the container into the helium tank.
  • the pressure relief valve consists of a preferably conical plug with directed into the container and the helium tank heat exchange surfaces, which is inserted into a likewise preferably conical, in the direction of the helium tank narrowing seat in the barrier.
  • the plug is held in its position during normal operation by its weight, which is selected so that it corresponds to the maximum permissible pressure force acting on the plug.
  • the electrical supply lines required for charging a superconducting magnet coil of the magnet coil system are present the entry into the helium tank are first passed through the container, and that preferably devices are provided which allow a short circuit operation of the solenoid, wherein the electrical leads are withdrawn to the solenoid coil after shorting.
  • the supply lines are pre-cooled before entering the helium tank with the supercooled helium by the warmer helium in the container in the tower structure and reduces the heat input through the feeders.
  • a preferred embodiment of the cryostat arrangement according to the invention provides that the center of the magnetic coil system in the radial direction does not coincide with the center of the container surrounding the magnetic coil system. This allows the magnetic center to be placed closer to a container end, thereby facilitating access to the magnetic center.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the cryostat arrangement according to the invention provides that the center of the magnet coil system and the center of the container are arranged in different planes perpendicular to the axis of the room temperature bore.
  • the coil longitudinal axis then does not coincide with the container longitudinal axis. This makes it possible to provide a larger helium reservoir volume over the solenoid, while maintaining the cylindrical shape of the various containers.
  • the containers need not be circular, but may be made in other free forms.
  • FIG. 3 The figures show various embodiments of a cryostat arrangement according to the invention.
  • a helium tank 1 in which a magnetic coil system 2 is arranged around a horizontal room temperature bore 3 , a tower assembly 4 is provided with a container 5 in which helium is located.
  • the container 5 is equipped (FIG. 3) with a refrigerator 6, preferably with a multi-stage pulse tube cooler, whose coldest refrigeration stage 10 liquefies the helium present in the container 5.
  • the container 5 of the tower assembly 4 is therefore already pre-cooled, liquid helium at a temperature of about 4.2K.
  • the helium evaporating thereby can be liquefied again by means of the refrigerator 6, so that evaporation of helium from the container 5 can be largely avoided. Therefore, unlike the prior art devices, it is not necessary to stock a large amount of liquid helium so that the container 5 can be relatively small in size.
  • the tower structure 4 with the container 5 is arranged with respect to the axis of the room temperature bore 3 radially outside of the magnet coil system 2.
  • the container is also arranged in the axial direction at the edge of the Kryostatan eleven, so that a simple access, for example for maintenance is possible.
  • the center of the magnet coil system and the center of the container 5 will therefore generally be arranged in different planes perpendicular to the axis of the room temperature bore.
  • the generally central longitudinal axis of the solenoid and the central longitudinal axis of the different containers and shields do not match, but be radially offset.
  • the container 5 is separated from the helium tank 1. If necessary, the liquid helium can flow over an annular gap 8 from the container 5 into the helium tank 1, where it is further cooled to below 3.5K by means of a subcooling unit 9 .
  • the subcooling unit 9 can be realized as a closed cooling circuit with a separate coolant, or else pump off the helium to be expanded for the subcooling from the helium tank 1 or the container. In order to keep the dimensions of the cryostat as small as possible, it is advantageous if the container 5 from an external reservoir (not shown) is fed.
  • the pumped from the sub-cooling unit 9 helium can be supplied to the reservoir.
  • the pressure in the reservoir will increase as a result.
  • the container 5 of the tower structure 3 is liquefied by the refrigerator 6 helium, whereby the pressure in the container 5 decreases. If the reservoir is connected to the container 5, helium gas is sucked from the reservoir into the container 5 by the pressure difference between the reservoir and the container 5, which in turn is liquefied by the refrigerator 6. This results in a closed coolant circuit, which ensures that the losses of helium are minimized and no contaminants enter the system.
  • radiation shields 12a, 12b, 12c are provided in the embodiments of the inventive cryostat arrangements of FIGS. 1 and 2 between the helium tank 1 and an outer shell 11 , wherein the radiation shields 12b and 12c are provided by the radiation shields 12b and 12c Subcooling unit 9 pumped helium can be cooled.
  • 3 more towers 14 are provided at the top of the tower structure in which annular space heat exchanger 15 are arranged in the form of hollow tubes, through which the evaporating from the container 5 and the pumped from the sub-cooling unit 9 helium is led to the outside and on the outer sides of the radiation shields 12b, 12c are coupled thermally conductive.
  • the outermost radiation shield 12c is, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , designed as a nitrogen tank 16 for shielding against heat radiation.
  • the nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 16 may additionally be cooled by the first cold stage 13 of the refrigerator 6.
  • the thermal barrier 7, which separates the container 5 and the helium tank 1, comprises two plates 17 of a thermally poorly conductive material. The space between the plates 17 is evacuated, so that a heat transfer from the container 5 in the helium tank 1 is largely avoided.
  • a pressure relief valve in the form of a conical plug 18 is provided, which releases an increased pressure equalization cross section in the thermal barrier 7 in the event of a quench, so that the expanding helium can escape from the helium tank 1.
  • the thermal barrier 7 is mounted in the illustrated embodiments so that the container 5 terminates exactly with the tower structure 3.
  • the thermal barrier 7 may be arranged radially further outward, so that the helium tank 1 projects into the tower structure 3. The volume of the helium tank 1 is then increased from that shown in FIG. But it can also be beneficial to the thermal barrier provide radially within the tower structure 3, so that the container 5 is only partially in the tower structure 3.
  • the magnet coil system 2 is arranged asymmetrically with respect to the outer jacket 11 and the radiation shields 12a, 12b, 12c of the cryostat arrangement.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show cryostat arrangements with asymmetrically arranged magnet coil system 2.
  • the thermal barrier 7 is respectively arranged at the boundary of the tower structure 3, so that the magnet coil system 2 of the cryostat arrangement is arranged asymmetrically also with respect to the helium tank 1.
  • a pulse tube cooler is additionally provided in the Kryostatan extract whose first stage cools the outermost radiation shield, which is not designed here as a nitrogen tank, but only as a metallic radiation shield 19 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
EP05014826A 2005-07-08 2005-07-08 Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion Ceased EP1742234B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05014826A EP1742234B1 (fr) 2005-07-08 2005-07-08 Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion
DE502005005693T DE502005005693D1 (de) 2005-07-08 2005-07-08 Unterkühlte Horizontalkryostatanordnung
US11/476,713 US20100236260A1 (en) 2005-07-08 2006-06-29 Undercooled horizontal cryostat configuration
KR1020060063481A KR100843389B1 (ko) 2005-07-08 2006-07-06 과냉각된 수평 저온유지장치

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05014826A EP1742234B1 (fr) 2005-07-08 2005-07-08 Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1742234A1 true EP1742234A1 (fr) 2007-01-10
EP1742234B1 EP1742234B1 (fr) 2008-10-15

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ID=35457228

Family Applications (1)

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EP05014826A Ceased EP1742234B1 (fr) 2005-07-08 2005-07-08 Ensemble de cryostat horizontal en surfusion

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20100236260A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1742234B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100843389B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005005693D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2000735A1 (fr) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Système de refroidissement pour conteneur de stockage cryogénique et son procédé de fonctionnement
US8448455B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2013-05-28 Bruker Biospin Gmbh Method for cooling a cryostat configuration during transport and cryostat configuration with transport cooler unit
DE102014225481A1 (de) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Bruker Biospin Gmbh Kryostat mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Heliumtank, die zumindest in einem unteren Bereich flüssigkeitsdicht voneinander abgetrennt sind

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5868562B1 (ja) * 2015-04-10 2016-02-24 三菱電機株式会社 超電導マグネット
US20200058423A1 (en) * 2017-03-23 2020-02-20 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Thermal bus heat exchanger for superconducting magnet
DE102018212758A1 (de) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Bruker Switzerland Ag Kryostatanordnung mit supraleitendem Magnetspulensystem mit thermischer Verankerung der Befestigungsstruktur
CN111243767A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-05 核工业西南物理研究院 一种低温用户参数模拟实验方法及低温恒温器过冷系统

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4689439A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-08-25 Kabushiki Kasiha Toshiba Superconducting-coil apparatus
US4878352A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-11-07 Spectrospin Ag Cryostat and assembly method therefor
DE4039365A1 (de) 1990-12-10 1992-06-11 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Nmr-magnetsystem mit supraleitender spule in einem low-loss-kryostaten
DE4039332A1 (de) 1990-12-10 1992-06-11 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Nmr-magnetsystem mit supraleitender spule in einem unterkuehlten heliumbad auf atmosphaerendruck
US5739689A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-04-14 Bruker Analytik Gmbh Superconducting NMR magnet configuration

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US4633682A (en) 1986-02-04 1987-01-06 General Electric Company Horizontal cryostat insert with a vertical service stack
DE3907927A1 (de) * 1989-03-11 1990-09-20 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Magnetsystem
GB2254409B (en) * 1990-12-10 1995-08-30 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik NMR magnet system with superconducting coil in a helium bath
JPH05315129A (ja) * 1992-05-07 1993-11-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd クライオスタット
JPH07240310A (ja) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 核磁気共鳴分析装置用超電導マグネット

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4689439A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-08-25 Kabushiki Kasiha Toshiba Superconducting-coil apparatus
US4878352A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-11-07 Spectrospin Ag Cryostat and assembly method therefor
DE4039365A1 (de) 1990-12-10 1992-06-11 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Nmr-magnetsystem mit supraleitender spule in einem low-loss-kryostaten
DE4039332A1 (de) 1990-12-10 1992-06-11 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Nmr-magnetsystem mit supraleitender spule in einem unterkuehlten heliumbad auf atmosphaerendruck
US5739689A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-04-14 Bruker Analytik Gmbh Superconducting NMR magnet configuration

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
NAGAI H ET AL: "Development and testing of superfluid-cooled 900 MHz NMR magnet", CRYOGENICS, ELSEVIER, KIDLINGTON, GB, vol. 41, no. 9, September 2001 (2001-09-01), pages 623 - 630, XP004312404, ISSN: 0011-2275 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2000735A1 (fr) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Système de refroidissement pour conteneur de stockage cryogénique et son procédé de fonctionnement
US8448455B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2013-05-28 Bruker Biospin Gmbh Method for cooling a cryostat configuration during transport and cryostat configuration with transport cooler unit
DE102014225481A1 (de) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Bruker Biospin Gmbh Kryostat mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Heliumtank, die zumindest in einem unteren Bereich flüssigkeitsdicht voneinander abgetrennt sind

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100236260A1 (en) 2010-09-23
DE502005005693D1 (de) 2008-11-27
EP1742234B1 (fr) 2008-10-15
KR100843389B1 (ko) 2008-07-03
KR20070006590A (ko) 2007-01-11

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