EP1738077B1 - Fluid-working machine with displacement control - Google Patents

Fluid-working machine with displacement control Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1738077B1
EP1738077B1 EP05729670A EP05729670A EP1738077B1 EP 1738077 B1 EP1738077 B1 EP 1738077B1 EP 05729670 A EP05729670 A EP 05729670A EP 05729670 A EP05729670 A EP 05729670A EP 1738077 B1 EP1738077 B1 EP 1738077B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
chamber
working
machine
controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05729670A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1738077A1 (en
Inventor
Niall James Caldwell
William Hugh Salvin Rampen
Uwe Bernhard Pascal Stein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd
Original Assignee
Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd filed Critical Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd
Publication of EP1738077A1 publication Critical patent/EP1738077A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1738077B1 publication Critical patent/EP1738077B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fluid-working machine.
  • the time-averaged flow of fluid is variable in all four quadrants of motion.
  • the invention is applicable to any machine with working chambers, which alternately expand and contract, whether by pistons and cylinders, vanes, lobes or gears and where the primary method of commutating fluid to the working chambers is by a rotating port plate, synchronised to the phase of the chamber expansion and contraction cycle, which alternately connects high and then low pressure fluid manifolds to each working chamber.
  • EP-A-1 319 836 describes a digitally controlled fluid translating device having an electronically controlled valving member but no separate commutating means.
  • US-A-5 259 738 which represents the closest prior art, describes a multi-chamber fluid working device having electromagnetically controlled poppet valves which perform commutation without requiring a separate commutating means.
  • the invention provides a fluid-working machine according to claim 1.
  • a valve into the fluid connection between the commutating means and each of the working chambers allows each working chamber to be isolated from the commutating means. Chambers which are isolated in this way by the valve operate in an idle condition, whereby no useful fluid work is done by the chamber, and thus the displacement per revolution of the machine is reduced.
  • such valves may be controlled mechanically, allowing the machine to be used in a reduced displacement mode when it is desired, for instance, to operate at high speed.
  • Such mechanical control may be automatic, for instance reducing the displacement of the machine as the speed of rotation increases above a threshold.
  • the valves are individually controlled by an electronic signal, allowing each of the chambers to be isolated according to the command of an electronic controller.
  • Such controller has an input signal of the position of the shaft of the machine, allowing the timing of the valve actuation to be phased relative to the position of the shaft, allowing each chamber to be isolated from the commutator on a stroke-by-stroke basis.
  • Preferred or optional features of the machine are set forth in the dependent claims.
  • the drawing shows a machine comprising a working chamber 4 in the form of cylinder containing a piston actuating a crankshaft 5.
  • a conventional commutator plate 2 alternately connects the chamber 4 to port A or, via a toroidal cavity 10, to port B, one of the ports being a high-pressure port and the other a low-pressure port.
  • the machine operates as a motor with fluid being supplied at high pressure at port A and exhausted at low pressure at port B, but both the pressures and the direction of flow could be reversed separately without changing the apparatus shown.
  • the expansion stroke of the working chamber will occur in a partial vacuum. If the fluid is a liquid such as oil, a bubble is formed as air is drawn out of the liquid. The return stroke will collapse the bubble by the time the chamber returns to its minimum volume. In doing so the working volume will have exchanged no work with the fluid system while absorbing very little parasitic work.
  • valve 1 When the valve 1 is left in the open position the working chamber functions, as normal, to produce a working cycle.
  • the time averaged flow is varied by deciding on a chamber-by-chamber basis whether to effect idle or working cycles. The decisions are taken as each successive chamber nears the minimum volume condition, irrespective of whether the machine is working as a pump or a motor.
  • An electronic controller 6 senses the phase of the working chamber cycle using a once-per-revolution shaft sensor 7, an encoder, a resolver or some similar means. At times coinciding with the minimum working chamber volume the controller can either leave the on-off valve in its de-energised open state or pull it closed through electromagnetic means.
  • the controller reads the system demand, either through an analogue or digital input line or a bus 8, and decides whether the working chamber reaching the minimum volume condition should be left working or idled by closing the valve 1.
  • the on-off valve 1 defaults to the open position and is pulsed to close, but it is possible to see that the opposite operating mode, i.e. default closed, pulse to open would also have application where a power-off freewheel characteristic was required.
  • the controller decisions can also be made entirely on the basis of shaft speed in order to limit the rate of increase of shaft power.
  • the electronic controller would require no external demand signal and would make the sequential on-off valve actuation decisions on the basis of a pre-programmed flow versus speed function.
  • the decision sequence can be determined in order to limit individual wheel slip, to create a skid steering effect or to create graded changes in torque and thus controlled vehicle accelerations.
EP05729670A 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Fluid-working machine with displacement control Not-in-force EP1738077B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0407297.1A GB0407297D0 (en) 2004-03-31 2004-03-31 Fluid working machine with displacement control
PCT/GB2005/001235 WO2005095800A1 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Fluid-working machine with displacement control

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1738077A1 EP1738077A1 (en) 2007-01-03
EP1738077B1 true EP1738077B1 (en) 2010-05-05

Family

ID=32247599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05729670A Not-in-force EP1738077B1 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Fluid-working machine with displacement control

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20070258832A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1738077B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007530865A (zh)
CN (1) CN100587269C (zh)
AT (1) ATE467049T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE602005021087D1 (zh)
GB (1) GB0407297D0 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005095800A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7380490B2 (en) 2004-02-11 2008-06-03 Haldex Hydraulics Corporation Housing for rotary hydraulic machines
US7364409B2 (en) 2004-02-11 2008-04-29 Haldex Hydraulics Corporation Piston assembly for rotary hydraulic machines
US7402027B2 (en) 2004-02-11 2008-07-22 Haldex Hydraulics Corporation Rotating group of a hydraulic machine
US7086225B2 (en) 2004-02-11 2006-08-08 Haldex Hydraulics Corporation Control valve supply for rotary hydraulic machine
WO2006055978A1 (en) 2004-11-22 2006-05-26 Bosch Rexroth Corporation Hydro-electric hybrid drive system for motor vehicle
CA2588290A1 (en) 2004-12-01 2006-06-08 Haldex Hydraulics Corporation Hydraulic drive system
DE102007016517A1 (de) 2007-04-05 2008-10-09 Muller, Katherina Hydrostatischer Fahrantrieb
DE112008002963A5 (de) * 2007-11-09 2010-09-02 Muller, Katherina Hydraulischer Drucktransformator und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
GB0811385D0 (en) * 2008-06-20 2008-07-30 Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd Fluid working machines and method
WO2010115019A1 (en) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-07 Husco International, Inc. Fluid working machine with cylinders coupled to split exterior ports by electrohydraulic valves
NO2239463T3 (zh) * 2009-04-07 2018-03-10
EP2322802B1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2014-01-08 Artemis Intelligent Power Limited Electronically controlled valve
CN103038507B (zh) * 2010-02-23 2016-04-06 阿尔特弥斯智能动力有限公司 流体工作机器的阀门定时
JP5346407B2 (ja) 2010-02-23 2013-11-20 アルテミス インテリジェント パワー リミティド 流体作動機および流体作動機の動作方法
GB2477997B (en) 2010-02-23 2015-01-14 Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd Fluid working machine and method for operating fluid working machine
US8534687B2 (en) 2010-07-05 2013-09-17 Fluid Ride Ltd. Suspension strut for a vehicle
GB201012743D0 (en) * 2010-07-29 2010-09-15 Isentropic Ltd Valves
DE102010046217A1 (de) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Druckregelung mit DDU/DVR Einheiten unter Verwendung von Motorzyklen
US9212779B2 (en) * 2010-11-29 2015-12-15 Lincoln Industrial Corporation Pump having diagnostic system
US9574582B2 (en) 2012-04-23 2017-02-21 Fluid Ride, Ltd. Hydraulic pump system and method of operation
EP2851585B1 (en) * 2013-09-18 2016-04-13 Artemis Intelligent Power Limited Hydraulic transmission and method of controlling hydraulic transmission

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1774662A (en) * 1928-04-12 1930-09-02 Arthur S Parks Vacuum pump
BE758118A (fr) * 1969-11-07 1971-04-01 Riva Calzoni Spa Distributeur pour moteurs hydrauliques a pistons rayonnants et autres moteurs analogues
JPS6341586Y2 (zh) * 1978-09-29 1988-11-01
JPS55137374A (en) * 1979-04-13 1980-10-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Radial piston motor with valve plate type distributor
GB8822901D0 (en) * 1988-09-29 1988-11-02 Mactaggart Scot Holdings Ltd Apparatus & method for controlling actuation of multi-piston pump &c
JP2684804B2 (ja) * 1990-01-19 1997-12-03 日産自動車株式会社 容積ポンプの制御装置
JP2979904B2 (ja) * 1993-06-29 1999-11-22 日産自動車株式会社 容積型液圧ポンプの流量制御装置
US5456581A (en) * 1994-08-12 1995-10-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Control system for a multi-piston pump with solenoid valves for the production of constant outlet pressure flow
US5564905A (en) * 1994-10-18 1996-10-15 Caterpillar Inc. Displacement control for a variable displacement axial piston pump
JPH08303325A (ja) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-19 Aisan Ind Co Ltd 高圧燃料ポンプ用流量制御弁の制御方法
WO1999061796A1 (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic system having a variable delivery pump
JP3374770B2 (ja) * 1998-11-18 2003-02-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 吐出量可変式ポンプの制御装置
US6176684B1 (en) * 1998-11-30 2001-01-23 Caterpillar Inc. Variable displacement hydraulic piston unit with electrically operated variable displacement control and timing control
US6681571B2 (en) * 2001-12-13 2004-01-27 Caterpillar Inc Digital controlled fluid translating device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005021087D1 (zh) 2010-06-17
CN1973133A (zh) 2007-05-30
ATE467049T1 (de) 2010-05-15
WO2005095800A1 (en) 2005-10-13
CN100587269C (zh) 2010-02-03
GB0407297D0 (en) 2004-05-05
EP1738077A1 (en) 2007-01-03
US20070258832A1 (en) 2007-11-08
JP2007530865A (ja) 2007-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1738077B1 (en) Fluid-working machine with displacement control
EP0494236B1 (en) Improved fluid-working machine
US5259738A (en) Fluid-working machine
EP2307721B1 (en) Fluid working machines and methods
EP1537333B1 (en) Fluid-working machine and operating method
EP2049778B1 (en) A cooling system and a transmission system having said cooling system integrated therewith
JP2007530865A5 (zh)
US8869521B2 (en) Fluid working machine with cylinders coupled to split exterior ports by electrohydraulic valves
FI121090B (fi) Laitteisto, ohjauspiiri ja menetelmä paineen ja tilavuusvirran tuottamiseksi
US5813841A (en) Hydraulic pressure control system for a pump
GB2459520A (en) Fluid machine with secondary low pressure port opening before controlled primary valve
CN110892135B (zh) 利用往复活塞式机器进行气体膨胀的方法和装置
US8469677B1 (en) Check valve pump with electric bypass valve

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20061004

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20071127

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ARTEMIS INTELLIGENT POWER LIMITED

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602005021087

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20100617

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20100505

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20100505

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100816

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100905

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100806

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100906

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20110208

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602005021087

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110207

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100805

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100505

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20140328

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602005021087

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20220210

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20220221

Year of fee payment: 18

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331