EP1737994A2 - Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production - Google Patents

Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production

Info

Publication number
EP1737994A2
EP1737994A2 EP05747757A EP05747757A EP1737994A2 EP 1737994 A2 EP1737994 A2 EP 1737994A2 EP 05747757 A EP05747757 A EP 05747757A EP 05747757 A EP05747757 A EP 05747757A EP 1737994 A2 EP1737994 A2 EP 1737994A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
max
free
alloy product
machining
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05747757A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arne Mulkers
Sven De Visscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aluminium Duffel BV
Original Assignee
Corus Aluminium NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corus Aluminium NV filed Critical Corus Aluminium NV
Priority to EP05747757A priority Critical patent/EP1737994A2/fr
Publication of EP1737994A2 publication Critical patent/EP1737994A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions

Definitions

  • Free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product and process for producing such an alloy product
  • the present invention relates to a free-machining wrought AlMgSi-alloy product for machining or free-cutting applications.
  • the invention further relates to a process for producing such free-machining wrought AlMgSi-alloy products.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The alloy and alloy tempers used herein are in accordance with the well-known aluminium alloy product standards of the Aluminium Association. All percentages are in weight percents, unless otherwise indicated.
  • An extruded bar is solid product that is long in relation to cross section, which is square or rectangular (exploding plate and flattened wire) with sharp or rounded corners or edges, or is regular hexagon or octagon, and in which at least one perpendicular distance between parallel faces is over 10 mm.
  • An extruded rod is a solid product over 10 mm in diameter that is long in relation to cross section. Alloys for free-machining applications and also known as free-machining alloy products need to have good machinability properties. Machinability can be defined as the relative ease (or difficulty) of removing metal in transforming a workpiece into a finished product. The criteria for machinability may change depending on the specific machining operation and the product details.
  • a typical alloy for free-machining applications which contains elements to form phases with relatively low melting temperatures is AA6262, which contains purposive additions of lead and bismuth.
  • lead due to environmental and health concerns, for the future it is envisaged that lead will be banned from aluminium alloys whilst bismuth is a relative expensive alloying element.
  • the chemical compositions in weight percent of known standard alloys AA6061 , AA6082 and AA6262 for machining applications are set out below. Single numbers indicate maxima and the balance is aluminium with a total of up to 0 15 unspecified impurity elements.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a free-machining wrought alloy product devoid of any low melting phases, in particular of one or more of Pb, Bi, Sn, Cd and In, suitable for free-machining applications.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a free-machining wrought alloy product with improved machining performance in comparison with alloys according to standard AA6061 or standard AA6082.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a free-machining wrought alloy product with a machining performance close to that of standard AA6262.
  • a free-machining wrought Al-Mg-Si alloy product preferably in the form of an extruded product, characterised in that it contains, in weight %: Si 0.6-2.0, Fe 0.2-1.0, Mg 0 5-2 0, Cu max. 1.0, Mn max. 1.5, Zn max. 1.0, Cr max 0.35, Ti max. 0.35, Zr 0.04-0.3, impurities each max 0.05, total max. 0.15, Aluminium balance.
  • the free-machining wrought aluminium alloy of the invention does not contain lead or expensive alloying elements such as bismuth, tin, cadmium or indium.
  • the alloy product of the invention has improved machinability performance in comparison to the standard alloys products, which do not contain elements, which form soft phases with relatively low melting temperatures.
  • the alloy product of the present invention also avoids potential costs for extraction systems, separate chip recycling etc if in the future elements such as indium, tin, cadmium or bismuth are restricted, as has been the case with lead.
  • the alloy product according to the invention is free from each of the elements selected from the group of Pb, Bi, Sn, Cd and In. In practical terms this would mean that the content for each of these elements is ⁇ 0.05%, and preferably ⁇ 0.02%, and more preferably the alloy product is essentially free or substantially free from these elements.
  • the wrought alloy product contains a relatively large amount of precipitation forming elements or intermetallic compounds which form a mixture of a high number of brittle particles which can act as stress raisers and crack initiation sites. As a result chips will fracture more easily.
  • the increased precipitation strengthening also reduces the toughness of the material, which also assists chip fracture.
  • the wrought alloy product has an Si content of 0.6-2.0 wt % to increase the strength, the hardness of the alloy product and to increase the amount of Si-containing intermetallic particles which together improves the machinability as the chips will shear off and break more easily.
  • High amounts of silicon can however result in significant abrasive tool wear and can also result in the chips being torn from the surface of the workpiece during machining which results in the formation of undesirable burrs.
  • the Si content may be in the range 0.6-1.45 wt.%, and preferably in the range 0.6-1.35 wt.% or may be in the range 0.9-2.0 wt.%, and more preferably in the range 1.0-2.0 wt.%.
  • the wrought alloy product has a Fe content of 0.2-1.0 wt.%, which forms a relatively soft intermetallic with aluminium which acts as a chip breaker without giving a significant increase in tool wear. However iron also forms some hard intermetallics with other elements which increase tool wear. A too high iron content is therefore not desirable.
  • the Fe content may be in the range 0.35-1.0 wt.% or alternatively may be in the range 0.35- 0.8 wt.%.
  • the Mg content of the wrought alloy product is 0.5-2.0 wt.%.
  • the presence of Mg increases the strength of the alloy and increases the amount of Mg-containing intermetallic particles, which further improves the machinability as the chips will shear off and break more easily. The friction between the tool and the workpiece is reduced during machining and the chips curl tighter and break up more easily.
  • the Mg content may be 0J5-2.0, and preferably 0.85-2.0, and more preferably 1.0-2.0 wt.%. Copper also increases the strength of the alloy product.
  • Si and Mg are also present which results in the increase in strength being combined with a reduction in the toughness of the alloy, which improves the shape of the chips.
  • the present invention there is maximum 1.0 wt.% of copper present.
  • the Cu content may be maximum 0J wt.% or preferably maximum 0.40 wt % or more preferably maximum 0.35 wt.%.
  • the Cu content may be in the range is 0.15 to 1.0 wt.%.
  • Manganese forms hard intermetallic phases with other elements, which act as chip breakers. Man also forms fine dispersions which increase the strength of the alloy.
  • the alloy of the present invention contains maximum 1.5 wt.% Mn.
  • the Mn content may be 0.45-1.5 wt.%, and preferably 0.6-1.3 wt.%.
  • Chromium also may form hard intermetallic phases with other elements which have limited effectiveness as chip breakers and chromium also forms fine dispersoids, which increase the strength of the alloy.
  • the wrought alloy product of the present invention contains maximum 0.35 wt.% chromium.
  • the Cr content may be maximum 0.2 wt.%, and preferably maximum 0.1 wt.%, and more preferably maximum 0.05 wt.%.
  • the wrought alloy product has a Zn content of max 1.0 wt%. In particular in combination with Mg, Zn increases both the strength of the alloy product and improves chip shape. In addition the addition of Zn compensates the corrosion potential of the Cu present in the alloy product.
  • the Zn content may be 0.1-1.0 wt.%, and preferably 0.2-1.0 wt.%, and more preferably 0.3- 1.0 wt.%.
  • the Zn content may be maximum 0.6 wt.%.
  • Titanium is added as a grain refiner of the as-cast microstructure and can be present up to a maximum of 0.35 wt.%, and preferably up to 0.15 wt.%.
  • the Ti can be added in conjunction with or as TiB and/or TiC.
  • Zirconium is an important alloying element in the product according to the invention and forms relatively hard intermetallic phases with other elements, which act as chip breakers.
  • the wrought alloy product of the present invention contains up to 0.3 wt.%, and preferably 0.04-0.3 wt.%, and more preferably 0.07-0.3 wt.%.
  • the alloy product according to the invention is free from Ni. In practical terms this would mean that the content is ⁇ 0.02 wt.%, and preferably ⁇ 0.01 wt.%, and more preferably the alloy product is substantially free from Ni.
  • the free-machining wrought aluminium alloys according to this invention is in the form of an extruded rod or bar, whereby "rod” and "bar" are defined according to the AA nomenclature.
  • the free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product of the present invention has more preferably a recrystallised microstructure meaning that at least 80% or more, and preferably 90% or more of the grains in the final temper, for example a T2, T3, T5, T6, e.g. T651 , T6511 , T8 or T9 temper, are recrystallised. It has been found that the recrystallised grain structures in combination with the relatively large amount of intermetallic particular in the alloy product considerably further improves the chip breaking effect in the alloy product according to the invention.
  • a T2 temper conventionally applies to products that have been cooled from an elevated- temperature shaping process, cold worked, and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition.
  • a T3 temper conventionally applies to products that have been solution heat treated, cold worked, and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition.
  • a T5 temper conventionally applies to products that have been cooled from an elevated-temperature shaping process and then artificially aged.
  • a T6 temper conventionally applies to products that have been solution heat treated and then artificially aged.
  • a T8 temper conventionally applies to products that have been solution heat treated, cold worked, and then artificially aged.
  • a T9 temper conventionally applies to products that are solution heat- treated, artificially aged, and then cold worked.
  • the present invention relates to a process for producing the free- machining AIMgSi alloy product containing in weight %: Si 0.6-2.0, Fe 0.2-1.0, Mg 0.5-2.0,
  • the extruded product is cold worked prior solution heat treatment.
  • the extruded product is being cold worked after the solution heat treatment. This cold working can be done either before or after ageing, depending on the desired temper.
  • the extruded product is being cold worked both before and after the solution heat treatment. In all these three embodiments the cold working step assist in recrystallising the microstructure of the alloy product, which further improves chip breaking.
  • the cold working operation is preferably carried out by a drawing or stretching operation such that the length of the alloy product is extended by 1 to 30% during such operation, and preferably by 2 to 18%. Particularly good results have been obtained when cold working operation before SHT is a larger drawing step than the cold working operation after SHT.
  • the present invention also relates to a free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product containing, in weight %: Si 0.6-2.0, Fe 0.2-1.0, Mg 0.5-2.0, Cu max. 1.0, Mn max. 1.5, Zn max. 1.0, Cr max. 0.35, Ti max. 0.35, Zr max. 0.3, preferably Zr 0.04-0.3, impurities max.
  • An alloy of the given composition produced by the given method has improved machining performance in comparison with an alloy of the given composition produced following T2, T3, T5, T6, T8 or T9 processing routes.
  • the extruded product is also cold worked prior solution heat treatment.
  • the extruded product is being cold worked after the solution heat treatment. This cold working can be done either before or after ageing, depending on the desired temper.
  • the extruded product is being cold worked both before and after the solution heat treatment.
  • the cold working operation is preferably carried out by a drawing or stretching operation such that the length of the alloy product is extended by 1 to 30% during such operation, and preferably by 2 to 18%.
  • Table 1 shows the compositions of alloys 1 and 2 in accordance with the present invention and three alloys according to standard AA6061 , AA6082 and AA6262 respectively.
  • the alloys of Table 1 have been press quenched and further processed according to standard processing into T8 and T9 conditions, and an alternative modified T8 processing route hereinafter referred to as P1 comprising: homogenisation at a temperature of 480°C for 12 hours, - extrusion of the homogenised product, air-cooling after extruding, cold working of the extruded and cooled product by means of a first drawing step extending the product by 12%, - a solution heat treatment for 30 minutes at 530°C with water quench, - cold working of the solution heat treated and quenched product in a second drawing step extending the product by 3%, and an ageing treatment for 5 hours at 180°C.
  • the free-machining performance of each of the alloys after each processing route was then analysed and the results obtained are summarised in Table 2.
  • the free-machinability rating was determined using a machining test and which allows for a relative comparison with another alloy tested under the same conditions.
  • the results were used to define in particular the relative chip shape and size relative to the typical performance of AA6262 in turning and forming operations.
  • the values are normalised to give approximately 1 for conventional lead-containing AA6262 in the standard T9 condition.
  • the machining test is carried out rods having a diameter of 25 mm and using water- soluble oil emulsion, viz. a mixture of water with 7% of Castrol-Hysol R (trade mark), being a commercially available oil.
  • the different criteria are: (i) rough turning, e.g. chip shape and chip length, (ii) fine turning, e.g. chip shape and tearing on edges, and (iii) forming, e.g. chip length, chip shape and tearing of edges.
  • Weight factors are given to each criteria and which allow to make a relative machinability rating. From the results of Table 2 it can be seen that each of alloy 1 and 2 according to the invention have a better free-machinability rating than standard AA6061 and AA6082 in a similar temper, e.g. by comparing alloy 2 in T8 temper against AA6061 in the T8 temper. Furthermore it can be seen that alloy 2 has a better free-machinability rating than alloy 1 in a similar temper, e.g. by comparing alloy 2 in T9 temper against alloy 1 in the T9 temper. Most likely this improvement is due to the addition of the alloying elements Cu and Zn which greatly improve chip shape. Table 2.
  • the process P1 according to the invention further enhances the free-machinability rating of the alloys tested, such that alloy 2 has almost similar rating as the lead- containing AA6262 alloy, but without all the disadvantages associated with the addition of lead, bismuth and/or tin as a mandatory alloying element.
  • the advantage of the process according to the invention is believed to be the lower homogenisation temperature (420- 520°C) compared to standard homogenisation practice (540-580°C) for this type of AA6xxx-series alloys, and which is preferably carried out in combination with a cold working step, e.g. by means of a drawing operation, prior to SHT.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un alliage d'AlMgSi corroyé de décolletage, de préférence sous forme extrudée, destiné à des applications d'usinage ou de décolletage, contenant 0,6-2,0 % en masse de Si, 0,2-1,0 % en masse de Fe, 0,5-2,0 % en masse de Mg, un maximum de 1,0 % en masse de Cu, un maximum de 1,5 % en masse de Mn, un maximum de 1,0 % en masse de Zn, un maximum de 0,35 % en masse de Cr, un maximum de 0,35 % en masse de Ti, 0,04-0,3 % en masse de Zr, 0,05 % en masse d'impuretés chacun, 0,15 % en masse au total, le reste étant constitué d'Al. L'invention concerne également un procédé destiné à la production de cet alliage de décolletage.
EP05747757A 2004-04-15 2005-04-15 Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production Withdrawn EP1737994A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05747757A EP1737994A2 (fr) 2004-04-15 2005-04-15 Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04076110 2004-04-15
PCT/EP2005/004154 WO2005100623A2 (fr) 2004-04-15 2005-04-15 Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production
EP05747757A EP1737994A2 (fr) 2004-04-15 2005-04-15 Alliage d'aluminium corroye de decolletage et son procede de production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1737994A2 true EP1737994A2 (fr) 2007-01-03

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Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1737994A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2563561A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005100623A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3214191A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-09-06 Impol 2000, d. d. Alliage d'aluminium al-mg-si à haute résistance et son procédé de fabrication

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FR2944029B1 (fr) * 2009-04-03 2011-04-22 Alcan Int Ltd Alliage d'aluminium de decolletage de la serie aa 6xxx
JP5431233B2 (ja) * 2010-03-31 2014-03-05 株式会社神戸製鋼所 アルミニウム合金鍛造材およびその製造方法
CN101880805B (zh) * 2010-07-30 2012-10-17 浙江巨科铝业有限公司 汽车车身板用Al-Mg-Si系铝合金制造方法
ES2549135T3 (es) 2012-05-15 2015-10-23 Constellium Extrusions Decin S.R.O. Producto de aleación de aluminio de forja mejorado para el decoletaje y su proceso de fabricación
US20150337413A1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-11-26 Inha-Industry Partnership Institute High heat-dissipating high strength aluminum alloy
WO2015077880A1 (fr) * 2013-11-27 2015-06-04 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Alliage d'aluminium combinant de hautes résistance et aptitude à l'extrusion et une faible sensibilité à la trempe
DE102014215066A1 (de) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Wälzlagerkäfig oder Wälzlagerkäfigsegment sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wälzlagerkäfigs oder eines Wälzlagerkäfigsegments
RU2720277C2 (ru) 2015-12-18 2020-04-28 Новелис Инк. Высокопрочные алюминиевые сплавы 6xxx и способы их получения
EP3390678B1 (fr) 2015-12-18 2020-11-25 Novelis, Inc. Alliages d'aluminium 6xxx haute résistance et leurs procédés d'élaboration
WO2018183721A1 (fr) * 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 NanoAL LLC Structures en alliage d'aluminium de série 6000 à haute performance
KR102517599B1 (ko) 2018-05-15 2023-04-05 노벨리스 인크. 고강도 6xxx 및 7xxx 알루미늄 합금 및 이의 제조 방법
CN109536793A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-29 安徽鑫铂铝业股份有限公司 一种耐碱抗氧化铝型材
US11009074B1 (en) 2019-11-11 2021-05-18 Aktiebolaget Skf Lightweight bearing cage for turbine engines and method of forming a lightweight bearing cage
CN116810617B (zh) * 2023-07-03 2024-03-15 安徽高芯众科半导体有限公司 硅材料加工工艺

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3214191A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-09-06 Impol 2000, d. d. Alliage d'aluminium al-mg-si à haute résistance et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005100623A3 (fr) 2006-03-02
CA2563561A1 (fr) 2005-10-27
WO2005100623A2 (fr) 2005-10-27

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