EP1737803A1 - Federelemente sowie herstellung und verwendung derselben - Google Patents
Federelemente sowie herstellung und verwendung derselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1737803A1 EP1737803A1 EP05738488A EP05738488A EP1737803A1 EP 1737803 A1 EP1737803 A1 EP 1737803A1 EP 05738488 A EP05738488 A EP 05738488A EP 05738488 A EP05738488 A EP 05738488A EP 1737803 A1 EP1737803 A1 EP 1737803A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring element
- ceramic
- element according
- spring
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/024—Covers or coatings therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/021—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties
- F16F1/022—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties made of ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
- F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
- F16F2224/0275—Ceramics
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spring element for use at higher temperatures, in particular in a high-temperature fuel cell, and to a suitable method for producing the same.
- SOFC high-temperature fuel cell
- Ni networks are preferably used for contacting high-temperature fuel cells on the anode side, and ceramic contact layers made of electrically conductive ceramics (generally perovskites of the ABO 3 structure ) are preferably used on the cathode side. Both types of contact show negligible
- springs are made from metallic materials.
- An important alloy group here are the Si-containing spring steels.
- correspondingly mounted leaf springs or profiles e.g. wave profiles
- springs or profiles also have elastic properties and are used in a wide variety of areas.
- All spring elements made of metallic materials have in common that they regularly lose their elastic properties at elevated temperatures due to creep processes. Should perma- nente forces are transmitted, these are reduced with continuous operation by stress relaxation. Although the use of high-temperature alloys (e.g. Fe-Cr steels or Ni-based alloys) is in principle also conceivable for spring elements, these alloys generally only show increased resistance to oxidation and no significantly improved creep resistance. Spring elements made of plastic are also known for use at low temperatures. OBJECT AND SOLUTION The object of the invention is to provide a spring element which, particularly at higher temperatures above 600 ° C, has better elastic properties than the spring elements which have been known to date from the prior art.
- high-temperature alloys e.g. Fe-Cr steels or Ni-based alloys
- the object of the invention is achieved by a spring element with all the features according to the main claim, and by a method for producing such a spring element according to the secondary claim. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by use according to a further subclaim. Advantageous embodiments of the spring element, the manufacturing method and the use can be found in the claims that refer back to each. 5 Object of the Invention
- the present invention describes a way in which spring elements can be produced from ceramic foils or plates, which have reproducible spring properties even at elevated temperatures. Y 2 O 3 stabilized ZrO 2 can be mentioned in particular as a suitable material for a ceramic spring element.
- Ceramics have the advantage over metals that they do not lose their elastic properties even at higher temperatures up to 1000 ° C because they , , , , ,
- These spring elements can advantageously also have electrically conductive properties by either consisting of an electrically conductive ceramic or by having an electrically conductive coating or inserts of electrically conductive foils, sheets or wires. Electrical conductivity is particularly advantageous if the ceramic spring elements are to be used in a fuel cell and electrical contacting via the spring elements is necessary. Nickel can advantageously be selected for the electrically conductive coating. Embossed nickel foils or nickel wires are also suitable as inserts. 5 In the method for producing the aforementioned ceramic spring elements, finished planar ceramic foils can advantageously be used. These can be produced by the film casting process and then sintered. This process step is already an industrial standard. Accordingly, industrially manufactured ceramic foils can also be used as starting materials for the production. The sintering of the foils should, however, have progressed to such an extent that no sintering shrinkage occurs any longer when the material is held at the sintering temperature.
- the actual invention relates to the subsequent next process step, the shaping after sintering has been completed.
- This shaping can be achieved in particular by inserting the planar foils into a suitably shaped tool.
- the film adapts to the contour of the tool with high reproducibility.
- YSZ 3 stabilized ZrO 2
- ScSZ (contains 10 mol% scandium oxide), yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (contains 3 - 10 mol% Y 2 O 3 ).
- SiC silicon carbide
- the temperatures required for the production of the spring elements for the non-destructive forming of ceramics are generally dependent on the material. In general, they should be set 50 - 100 ° C below the sintering temperature of the ceramic. The typical temperature range for ceramics is therefore 1200 - 2000 ° C. For the materials listed under a.), The temperatures suitable for the manufacture of the spring elements are in the range 1200 -
- the pressures required for the production of the spring elements for forming ceramics at the above-mentioned temperatures are generally between 100
- FIG. 1 shows: Tool for high-temperature deformation of ceramic foils (material of the tool: Al 2 O 3 with 99.7% purity).
- FIG. 2 Single spring element made of 3 YSZ.
- Figure 3 Force-deformation curves of spring elements of geometry A at o 800 ° C as a typical SOFC operating temperature (for geometry A see Table 1).
- Figure 4 Force-deformation curve of a spring cushion consisting of 60 individual elements of geometry B at 800 ° C as a typical SOFC operating temperature (for geometry B see Table 1). The5 power transmission between the upper punch and the spring elements took place via a ceramic fuel cell.
- Figure 5 Stabilization of a curved spring element by a material connection with a planar substrate.
- Figure 6 Principle of a spring element with planar ceramic strips.
- Figure 7 Structure of a pillow-like overall structure from several individual ceramic elements
- Exemplary embodiment 1 A sintered 3 YSZ film from Kerafol with a thickness of 0.4 mm was used as the starting material.
- Figure 3 shows the reproducible elastic springback of the spring elements at 800 ° C (SOFC operating temperature) based on force-deformation curves.
- the tests were carried out with a spring element of geometry A.
- the usable travel is in the order of 325 ⁇ m.
- Table 1 Geometric dimensions of the ceramic spring elements produced. For the definition of the dimensions, see Figure 2.
- the contacting of high-temperature fuel cells in planar stacks is generally a predominantly rigid system, since the materials used for contacting (Ni mesh on the anode side, ceramic contact layer paste on the cathode side) have negligible elastic properties at SOFC operating temperature.
- the materials used for contacting Ni mesh on the anode side, ceramic contact layer paste on the cathode side
- SOFC operating temperature the materials used for contacting
- ceramic spring elements on the anode side, on the cathode side or on both sides of the fuel cell permanent contact can be achieved by permanent forces acting on the contact points.
- the elasticity of the elements also increases the tolerance to thermomechanical stresses that occur during operation of the stack.
- the electrical contacting in the area of the spring elements which is absolutely necessary for the operation of the stack, can in particular be implemented in three ways: a) use of an electrically conductive ceramic b) coating of an electrically insulating ceramic with a conductive layer (e.g. Ni) c) Introducing additional current paths (e.g. embossed Ni foil or Ni wires)
- Another possibility of stabilizing the wave-shaped curved spring elements (2) is to connect them to a planar base (1) in a materially integral manner. This can be achieved by: a) Sintering if both components consist of the same material (e.g. 3 YSZ) b) Soldering if the planar base consists of a high temperature resistant alloy. A possible arrangement of a stabilized, wave-shaped spring element is shown in FIG.
- Support element deformed (see Figure 6).
- the ceramic strips (1) on both sides of the support element (2), the overall usable spring travel is doubled in this exemplary embodiment, since both ceramic elements deform when a force F is applied.
- clamping plates (3) are provided. With this design principle, the high-temperature deformation of the original foils is eliminated.
- FIG. 7 Structure is shown as an example in FIG. 7.
- the individual strip-shaped ceramic elements (1) lie in a parallel arrangement on a support frame (2) and are fixed in their position by appropriately shaped clamping plates (3).
- the spring force is introduced into the ceramic elements via the clamping plates. This results in an almost point-elastic deformation behavior along the force introduction lines (4). H. the points adjacent on a force introduction line can be elastically deformed almost independently of one another.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200410018999 DE102004018999B4 (de) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | Federelement sowie Herstellung und Verwendung derselben |
| PCT/DE2005/000578 WO2005102960A1 (de) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-04-01 | Federelemente sowie herstellung und verwendung derselben |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1737803A1 true EP1737803A1 (de) | 2007-01-03 |
Family
ID=34966335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05738488A Withdrawn EP1737803A1 (de) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-04-01 | Federelemente sowie herstellung und verwendung derselben |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1737803A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004018999B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005102960A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN121004275B (zh) * | 2025-10-27 | 2026-01-13 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | 一种高韧性金属陶瓷复合弹簧及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5089455A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1992-02-18 | Corning Incorporated | Thin flexible sintered structures |
| US5273837A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1993-12-28 | Corning Incorporated | Solid electrolyte fuel cells |
| JPH06283181A (ja) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-10-07 | Toshiba Corp | 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池 |
| JPH07180738A (ja) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-18 | Kyocera Corp | セラミック弾性部材 |
| JPH07254422A (ja) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-10-03 | Toshiba Corp | 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池 |
| US5634999A (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1997-06-03 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method of producing ceramic diaphragm structure having convex diaphragm portion |
| DE19747650C2 (de) * | 1997-10-29 | 2003-04-17 | Astrium Gmbh | Elastisches Federelement |
| DE69905019T2 (de) * | 1998-02-27 | 2003-10-16 | Corning Inc., Corning | Flexible anorganische elektrolytische brennstoffzellenausführung |
| DE19852285C1 (de) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-04-27 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Wärmedämmende Glas-Metall/Keramik-Schichten |
| JP3516390B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-11 | 2004-04-05 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | セラミックばねを用いた弾性支持構造 |
| US20040156595A1 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-08-12 | Andreas Stockhaus | Optical coupling device and optical connector |
| DE10207864B4 (de) * | 2002-02-23 | 2004-03-11 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rohrförmige Brennstoffzelle |
| DE10222788B4 (de) * | 2002-05-23 | 2006-04-27 | Universität Bremen | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Werkstoffs mit einer zumindest im Wesentlichen oxidkeramischen Matrix und darin eingebetteten Poren |
-
2004
- 2004-04-20 DE DE200410018999 patent/DE102004018999B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-04-01 WO PCT/DE2005/000578 patent/WO2005102960A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-01 EP EP05738488A patent/EP1737803A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005102960A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004018999B4 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
| DE102004018999A1 (de) | 2005-11-24 |
| WO2005102960A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060916 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BUCHKREMER, HANS, PETER Inventor name: BRAM, MARTIN Inventor name: JANSEN, SEBASTIAN Inventor name: RECKERS, STEPHAN Inventor name: WELP, EWALD, G. Inventor name: STEINBRECH, ROLF |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20070310 |