EP1730398A1 - A pressure turbine - Google Patents

A pressure turbine

Info

Publication number
EP1730398A1
EP1730398A1 EP05706354A EP05706354A EP1730398A1 EP 1730398 A1 EP1730398 A1 EP 1730398A1 EP 05706354 A EP05706354 A EP 05706354A EP 05706354 A EP05706354 A EP 05706354A EP 1730398 A1 EP1730398 A1 EP 1730398A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
fluid
housing
peripheral wall
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05706354A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Walter Vazquez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2004901257A external-priority patent/AU2004901257A0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1730398A1 publication Critical patent/EP1730398A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/18—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines without stationary working-fluid guiding means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/32—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with pressure velocity transformation exclusively in rotor, e.g. the rotor rotating under the influence of jets issuing from the rotor, e.g. Heron turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B1/00—Engines of impulse type, i.e. turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on blades or like rotors, e.g. Pelton wheels; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/08—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with pressure-velocity transformation exclusively in rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B7/00—Water wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/40—Flow geometry or direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/241—Rotors for turbines of impulse type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the area of turbines in general and in particular to an improved all purpose turbine which can be driven by any gas or liquid acting on its propellers.
  • the invention relates to a more efficient turbine which maximises the energy transfer of the fluid to the turbine.
  • the invention is a turbine having a housing containing a rotatable concentric inner member with a central shaft and a plurality of generally axially oriented blades extending between an exterior face of a peripheral wall of the inner member and an inner face of a peripheral wall of the housing, the space between said walls defining a channel into which a fluid may pass, the arrangement being such that a fluid may be directed through at least one inlet in the housing peripheral wall to act on a blade and fill the space between adjacent blades and thereby cause the inner member to rotate, the fluid leaving the turbine through an outl&t in the housing peripheral wall.
  • the housing peripheral wall It is preferred that there be a plurality of inlets in the housing peripheral wall. It is also preferred that the blades be dimensioned such that a fluid does not effectively pass around them and that the volume between adjacent blades forms individual compartments.
  • the exterior of the inner member be provided with a plurality of steps between adjacent blades to further reduce the volume of a compartment and to provide further surfaces upon which the fluid can impinge.
  • inlet apertures pass diagonally through the body wall to direct the fluid towards the blades.
  • FIG. 1 Shows a diagrammatic representation of a preferred embodiment of the invention requiring minimal water usage
  • Fig.2 Shows an exploded diagram of a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 Shows a cross section through the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2;
  • the turbine has a housing 20 made up of components 21 and 22 for an inner rotating component 30which is attachable to a central shaft which is concentric with tr e housing.
  • This inner component is an annular ring 35 compressed between two circular plates 31 and 32, this component being attached as shown to s haft 40.
  • ring wall 36 On the outer face of the ring wall 36 are a number of small generally axially oriented blades 33 which when the turbine is assembled form a close fit in the housing 20 such that the volume between adjacent blades forms an individual compartment. There is however sufficient clearance for the assembly to rotate when water enters diagonally oriented in lets 60 in the housing and pressure is applied within each compartment.
  • the housing is also provided with an outlet 61 for the water to exit the device and in this manner resistance to flow of the water is minimised unlike the situation with flow-through turbines.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is preferred as the volume in any one compartment is greatly reduced by the provision of a series of overlapping thin blades providing a plurality of small steps inside each compartment upon which the entering water can impinge.
  • the volume of water required to drive the turbine may be reduced by, for example 99% so that a flow of 5250 litres per minute would be reduced to 35 litres per minute.
  • the arrangement is such that by controlling the step size the volume of water passing through the turbine can be varied as required.
  • the turbine of the invention would be used for power generation, due to its vastly increased efficiency when compared with conventional flow-through turbines, it could be of any size and used in any application where a turbine is required and also driven by any fluid.
  • the turbine of the invention either far fewer turbines are required to generate an amount of energy generated by conventional machines or much more energy can be generated by the same number of machines. Owing to the minimal bulk of the turbine of the invention many more such turbines could be accommodated in the space currently used by a conventional flow through turbine.
  • the turbine is used to drive a car engine.
  • the turbine is supplied by a continuous flow of gas from a pressure vessel incorporating a pressure valve that will release the gases once they reach a certain level, several fuel and oxygen injectors, and a pressure sensor that will send its signal to a computer and will tell the fuel injectors to fire once the pressure in the vessel falls below the required level to turn the blades of the turbine.
  • the pressure vessel will be connected to the turbine via a pipe that connects the hot gases to a heat exchanger (water cooled radiator). This will deliver gases at a mild temperature compared to that produced by a conventional piston used in car engines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A turbine having a housing (20) containing a rotatable concentric inner member (30) with a central shaft (40) and a plurality of generaily axially oriented blades (33) extending between an exterior face of a peripheral wall of the inner member and an inner face of a peripheral wall (21) of the housing (20), the space between said walls defining a channel into which a fluid may pass. A fluid may be directed through at least one inlet (60) in the housing peripheral wall (21) to act on a blade (33) and fill the space between adjacent blades (33) and thereby cause the inner member (30) to rotate, the fluid leaving the turbine through an outlet in the housing peripheral wall (21).

Description

A PRESSURE TURBINE
Area of the invention
This invention relates to the area of turbines in general and in particular to an improved all purpose turbine which can be driven by any gas or liquid acting on its propellers. In particular the invention relates to a more efficient turbine which maximises the energy transfer of the fluid to the turbine.
Background to the Invention
During the nineteenth century high speed waterwheels called turbines were invented. The same basic principles are used today. As water enters conventional flow-through turbines the water hits the turbine blades and drives the turbine.
It is now common for all manner of low viscosity fluids to be used to drive turbines and these fluids include gas and steam as well as water. The invention will however for convenience sake be discussed herein with reference to a water driven turbine although it is to be understood that it could be used for a wide range of applications from hydro-electricity generation down to much smaller applications. As a fluid passes through a turbine there is a significant loss of energy in this process as turbines are of varying efficiency with respect to the transfer of energy to their blades and also act as an obstruction to the fluid flow. In fact the greater the number of lades and the poorer their efficiency, the more fluid flow will be impeded.
Outline of the Invention
It is an object of this invention to provide a turbine of a type which is pressure driven and utilises the energy obtained by effectively blocking fluid between adjacent blades of a turbine and avoids the energy loss of conventional turbines where a fluid flows past such blades.
The invention is a turbine having a housing containing a rotatable concentric inner member with a central shaft and a plurality of generally axially oriented blades extending between an exterior face of a peripheral wall of the inner member and an inner face of a peripheral wall of the housing, the space between said walls defining a channel into which a fluid may pass, the arrangement being such that a fluid may be directed through at least one inlet in the housing peripheral wall to act on a blade and fill the space between adjacent blades and thereby cause the inner member to rotate, the fluid leaving the turbine through an outl&t in the housing peripheral wall.
It is preferred that there be a plurality of inlets in the housing peripheral wall. It is also preferred that the blades be dimensioned such that a fluid does not effectively pass around them and that the volume between adjacent blades forms individual compartments.
It is further preferred that the exterior of the inner member be provided with a plurality of steps between adjacent blades to further reduce the volume of a compartment and to provide further surfaces upon which the fluid can impinge.
It is preferred that the inlet apertures pass diagonally through the body wall to direct the fluid towards the blades.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood we shall describe by way of non limiting example a particular embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of the Drawing Figures
Fig. 1 Shows a diagrammatic representation of a preferred embodiment of the invention requiring minimal water usage; Fig.2 Shows an exploded diagram of a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 Shows a cross section through the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2;
Description of Embodiments of the Invention
Although the preferred embodiment of the turbine 10 of the invention is shown in Figure 1 the general structure of turbine will initially be discussed in terms of that shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the turbine has a housing 20 made up of components 21 and 22 for an inner rotating component 30which is attachable to a central shaft which is concentric with tr e housing. This inner component is an annular ring 35 compressed between two circular plates 31 and 32, this component being attached as shown to s haft 40.
On the outer face of the ring wall 36 are a number of small generally axially oriented blades 33 which when the turbine is assembled form a close fit in the housing 20 such that the volume between adjacent blades forms an individual compartment. There is however sufficient clearance for the assembly to rotate when water enters diagonally oriented in lets 60 in the housing and pressure is applied within each compartment.
The housing is also provided with an outlet 61 for the water to exit the device and in this manner resistance to flow of the water is minimised unlike the situation with flow-through turbines.
It can be seen in Figure 1 showing a preferred embodiment of the invention th t individual compartments are created between adjacent blades and that the effect of water in each compartment is to cause the ring to rotate and consequently the shaft rotates. In the embodiment shown seven inlets are provided and if water pressure is supplied through all of these the torque provided will be much greater than if perhaps only two inlets were provided. The precise number of inlets provided or used is not germane to the invention and it is envisaged that even if a plurality of inlets are provided means may also be provided for opening and closing these.
While the two embodiments of the invention described accord with the principles of the invention the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is preferred as the volume in any one compartment is greatly reduced by the provision of a series of overlapping thin blades providing a plurality of small steps inside each compartment upon which the entering water can impinge. By this means the volume of water required to drive the turbine may be reduced by, for example 99% so that a flow of 5250 litres per minute would be reduced to 35 litres per minute.
The arrangement is such that by controlling the step size the volume of water passing through the turbine can be varied as required.
Although it is envisaged that the turbine of the invention would be used for power generation, due to its vastly increased efficiency when compared with conventional flow-through turbines, it could be of any size and used in any application where a turbine is required and also driven by any fluid. When considering generation of hydro-electricity, by use of the turbine of the invention either far fewer turbines are required to generate an amount of energy generated by conventional machines or much more energy can be generated by the same number of machines. Owing to the minimal bulk of the turbine of the invention many more such turbines could be accommodated in the space currently used by a conventional flow through turbine.
While we have described one embodiment of the invention here the turbine of the invention has many applications.
In another application of the invention the turbine is used to drive a car engine. In this case the turbine is supplied by a continuous flow of gas from a pressure vessel incorporating a pressure valve that will release the gases once they reach a certain level, several fuel and oxygen injectors, and a pressure sensor that will send its signal to a computer and will tell the fuel injectors to fire once the pressure in the vessel falls below the required level to turn the blades of the turbine.
The pressure vessel will be connected to the turbine via a pipe that connects the hot gases to a heat exchanger (water cooled radiator). This will deliver gases at a mild temperature compared to that produced by a conventional piston used in car engines.
Clearly the turbine of the invention has many applications and while we have described herein two embodiments of the invention it is to be understood that variations and modifications in the materials used and the features described can still lie within the scope of the invention.

Claims

The claims defining the invention are as follows:
1. A turbine having a housing containing a rotatable concentric inner member with a central shaft and a plurality of generally axially oriented blades extending between an exterior face of a peripheral wall of the inner member and an inner face of a peripheral wall of the housing, the space between said walls defining a channel into which a fluid may pass, the arrangement being such that a fluid may be directed through at least one inlet in the housing peripheral wall to act on a blade and fill the space between adjacent blades and thereby cause the inner member to rotate, the fluid leaving the turbine through an outlet in the housing peripheral wall.
2. A turbine as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are a plurality of inlets in the housing peripheral wall.
3. A turbine as claimed in claim 2 wherein the inlet apertures pass diagonally through the housing wall to direct the fluid towards the blades.
4. A turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the blades are dimensioned such that a fluid does not effectively pass around them such that a volume defined by adjacent blades forms an individual compartment.
5. A turbine as claimed in claim 4 wherein the exterior of the inner member is provided with a plurality of step devices between adjacent blades to further reduce the volume of a compartment and to provide further surfaces upon which the fluid can impinge.
EP05706354A 2004-03-11 2005-03-08 A pressure turbine Withdrawn EP1730398A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2004901257A AU2004901257A0 (en) 2004-03-11 A new pressure turbine
PCT/AU2005/000325 WO2005088117A1 (en) 2004-03-11 2005-03-08 A pressure turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1730398A1 true EP1730398A1 (en) 2006-12-13

Family

ID=34975648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05706354A Withdrawn EP1730398A1 (en) 2004-03-11 2005-03-08 A pressure turbine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070177974A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1730398A1 (en)
CN (1) CN1957177A (en)
WO (1) WO2005088117A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102135015A (en) * 2010-01-21 2011-07-27 施建勇 Pulse air pressure turbine machine
SK592012A3 (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-03-04 Alexander Vejčík Horizontal water turbine
KR101625210B1 (en) 2013-10-15 2016-05-30 주식회사 에이치케이터빈 Reaction type turbine
CN108915784A (en) * 2018-07-31 2018-11-30 赵明 A kind of steam turbine with high-energy conversion efficiency

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1255663A (en) * 1916-03-01 1918-02-05 Fred Swanson Motor.
US1868017A (en) * 1931-08-13 1932-07-19 Anthony C Mcginty Turbine
DE2213071B2 (en) * 1972-03-17 1975-05-28 Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim Guide channel without guide vanes for generating swirl in front of the first rotor blade ring of turbines
DE2746202A1 (en) * 1977-10-14 1979-04-19 Heinrich Deierling Turbine drive unit powered by flowing medium - is incorporated in e.g. water irrigation line to generate power
US4302147A (en) * 1980-03-06 1981-11-24 General Motors Corporation Lightweight radial flow fluid machine with fluid bearing sealed flexible blades
DE3924496C2 (en) * 1989-07-25 1995-11-16 Drago Semelrot Flow turbine
JPH04112970A (en) * 1990-09-03 1992-04-14 Buichi Eda Hydraulic turbine
GB2255808B (en) * 1991-05-16 1995-04-19 Goodfire Stoves Corp A compact turbine assembly
CA2133952A1 (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-04-22 Prasert Laemthongsawad Water turbine
JP2002138937A (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-17 Hiroshi Ichikawa Arc rotating device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005088117A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070177974A1 (en) 2007-08-02
CN1957177A (en) 2007-05-02
WO2005088117A1 (en) 2005-09-22

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