EP1721715B1 - Chip board panel, method and apparatus of manufacturing the panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves arranging wood chips or wood fibers glued with resin in several layers (6, 7, 8) to form a splinter or fiber cake and pressing the wood chips or wood fibers together by applying pressure and temperature. At least one layer material insert (4, 5), in particular a fleece, a fabric, plastic or paper insert, is introduced between the layers before pressing and is pressed with the wood fibers or wood chips. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a wood material board (B) and a device for manufacturing a wood material board .

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing an OSB board, are sprinkled with the resin-coated wood chips in several layers to a chip or fiber cake and the wood chips are pressed together applying pressure and temperature. Likewise, the invention relates to an OSB board with an upper and a substantially parallel extending lower side of view and a device for producing an OSB board.

From the DE 44 34 876 A1 a method for producing a coated wood-based panel is known in which resin-coated wood chips are spread in several layers to a chip cake and the wood chips are arranged in the first layer and in the last layer substantially in alignment.

In addition, other, coated wood-based panels are known which are used as furniture panels, as components, as shuttering panels or car wagons. Shuttering panels are used in the construction industry, for example, for loose formwork in the construction of concrete masonry. For such formwork, the wood-based panels are provided in basic formats and usually directly on the construction site processed. After the production and hardening of the concrete surface, the formwork is dismantled. Different requirements are placed on the surface quality of the concrete surface. So there are applications where a smooth, almost shiny concrete surface is required, which has no voids in the result. On the other hand, there are demands for rather matte concrete surfaces.

In addition, there is an increasing demand for wood-based panels with increased strength properties. In particular, OSB boards, chipboard or MDF boards are used in special consolidation configuration for special purposes.

Wood-based panels, in particular OSB panels are increasingly used for transport packaging high-quality industrial goods. Despite the good strength values, inhomogeneities within an OSB board are present due to the relatively large chip sizes, so that large variations of the resistance, in particular against punctiform loads, result, which limit the field of use of such OSB boards.

To improve the strength properties of OSB boards, in particular to improve the resistance to punctiform loading, OSB boards are first separated into intermediate formats. Thereafter, the surfaces are ground on the upper and lower visible side and applied to the visible sides of one or more resin-impregnated paper layers, which are pressed under elevated temperature and under increased pressure to form a laminate. The disadvantage of this is that the OSB boards must be separated, so that such wood-based panels are not produced in a continuous manufacturing process. In addition, the sanding of the visible sides is disadvantageous, because on the one hand, the moisture resistance is reduced because the water-repellent Harzverflussschicht is abraded or reduced, and on the other hand, the flexural rigidity of the wood-based panels decreases because the edge layers have the highest density.

In addition, the subsequent pressing finished wood-based panels with resin impregnated paper layers is disadvantageous because paper layers are both very expensive and on the other hand make high demands on technology and machinery. In particular, for smooth, shiny concrete surfaces, an additional resin impregnation of the paper surface on top or even an additional, resin-impregnated paper layer is necessary. This considerably increases the price and the production costs. Here, in addition to the paper layer on the top always on the bottom, so on the lower side of the wood-based panel, provide a paper layer as a so-called counter-pull to avoid a cup-shaped bending of the wood-based panel. It has proven to be particularly disadvantageous that already fully cured wood-based panels must be kept for a prolonged period of time under increased temperature and under elevated pressure during pressing with the paper layers, which has a negative effect on the technological properties of the wood-based panels.

The US 4,569,873 describes a method for producing wood-based panels with veneer panels arranged on the outside. In the center of the veneer board, a veneer board, a non-woven fabric or a synthetic resin layer may also be arranged for reinforcement. On the outer veneer panels, a further support in the form of a coated paper can be arranged. A similar procedure for chipboard is from the US 3,790,417 However, this publication does not disclose the application of a further overlay to the outer overlay layer or the production of a wood-based panel in a continuous process.

The DE 197 46 383 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for the production of fiberboards as well as fibreboards produced by this method. On finished fibreboard coatings are pressed or glued under pressure and temperature supply. In this way, multilayer fiberboard are produced, the process steps are sequential.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an OSB board, a method for producing an OSB board and an apparatus for producing an OSB board, with which the disadvantages of the prior art can be overcome and in particular OSB boards can be provided, their strength properties can be adjusted over a wide range during the manufacturing process.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, an OSB board with the features of claim 6 and a device having the features of claim 20. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are described in the respective dependent subclaims.

The inventive method for producing an OSB board, are sprinkled in the glued with resin wood chips in several layers to a chip cake and the wood chips are pressed together applying pressure and temperature, provides that between the layers of wood chips before pressing at least a sheet-like material insert, in particular a fleece, fabric, plastic or paper insert is introduced and pressed with the wood chips to an OSB board. By selecting different layer materials with corresponding physical properties, it is possible to precisely condition the manufactured OSB board and to allow optimum adaptation to the respective requirements. Furthermore, it is provided that the chip cake and the insert and possibly the support or pads are continuously pressed together, the respective components are moved with matched feed rates. Due to the continuous pressing of the respective layers, deposits and supports during the production of the OSB board, there is a tension and thus distortion-free OSB board production with physical properties of the finished OSB board, which are adjustable over a wide range. In particular, with respect to punctiform loads, a significantly increased resistance compared to conventional OSB plates can be achieved.

A development of the method provides that placed under the first layer and / or on the last layer of the chipboard pad and the wood chips are pressed together with the support under pressure and temperature influence. This makes it possible to set the surface properties of an OSB board to the particular needs in addition to the introduction of an insert in the plate interior.

On the first or last edition, another edition can be applied, which is, for example, a structured fleece or a melamine-coated paper layer to structure or smooth the surface of an OSB board. The pads or pads are preferably unwound from respective reels or reels to facilitate continuous production. Alternatively, the materials may also be sequentially overlaid or scattered and then pressed sequentially to form an OSB board.

The OSB board according to the invention made of intersecting oriented wood planks provides between the visible sides a material insert arranged in the OSB board, which is designed in particular as a fleece, fabric, plastic or paper insert. For better connection or integration of the material insert with the wood chips, this can be impregnated with an adhesive, in particular a resin glue, so that the wood chips enter into a very good, adhesive connection with the material insert. In a permeable embodiment of the material insert, it is possible that wood chips bond directly to each other adhesive, so that they penetrate the material insert and enclose in the OSB board.

On at least one visible side of the OSB panel, a coating overlay is provided which may comprise a paper ply or nonwoven ply and in one embodiment has a weight of at least 80 g / m ² and a resin impregnation, the resin impregnation having a weight of at least 50 g / m ² . The paper or nonwoven layer can also have a glue layer and in adaptation to the respective purpose, for example, as a furniture panel, a directed to the visible side decor.

On the first edition on the respective visible side, a second edition may be arranged, which represents a protection of the first edition, for example against mechanical stress or moisture.

The device according to the invention for producing an OSB board provides a first device for sprinkling a first layer of resin-coated wood chips and a device for laying at least one material deposit on the first wood chip layer. Furthermore, at least a second device for sprinkling at least one further wood chip layer on the material insert and a device for pressing the wood chip layers and the material deposit with each other under application of pressure and temperature to an OSB board is provided. The devices for sprinkling the wood chips can be configured as scattering or pouring devices, which allow a controlled and continuous spreading of the wood chips with alignment of the chips perpendicular to one and in the direction of a conveying direction, The means for pressing the wood chips layers with the insert and possibly the Pads is preferably as a continuous belt press, in particular double belt press trains, which has heated pressure belts, so that a continuous production of OSB board with deposits, if necessary, with conditions is possible.

A development of the invention provides that a device for applying a first edition for spreading the first wood chip layer and / or a device for placing a support on the last wood chip layer is provided, so that a one- or double-sided surface-coated OSB board with an inserted and pressed-in material insert can be produced.

The facilities for placing the material insert or inserts or pads are as Abrollstationen, preferably with guides for the material deposits or pads, trained. For the production of OSB boards with multiple deposits, it is envisaged that several devices for sprinkling wood chip layers and devices for laying material deposits are arranged in succession alternately.

The invention makes it possible to provide OSB boards with a multi-ply layer structure in which inserts of a different material with different physical properties than the wood chips are embedded between wood chip layers. With such improved OSB panels, conventional composite panels can be increasingly replaced.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the single FIGURE. The figure shows schematically the structure of a device for manufacturing an OSB board and a sequence of the manufacturing process and a finished OSB board.

In the figure, a manufacturing process of an OSB plate 1 is shown from left to right, in which on a continuously circulating mold belt 10, first a first support 3 is unrolled by a unwinding 13 for placing the support 3. The support 3 is optionally aligned by guides, not shown, so that it rests flat on the forming belt 10.

The first means 13 for placing the support 3 is a first means 28 for spreading a first layer 8 of wood shavings downstream. The wood chips may be formed as OSB strands having a length of 70-200 mm, a width of 6-30 mm and a thickness of 0.3-1.2 mm. Softwood or hardwood is used as the material for the wood chips, the wood content of a finished OSB board 1 being between 90 and 98%.

The strands may be oriented in the conveying direction of the forming belt 2 or perpendicular thereto, so that an intersecting orientation of the longitudinal extent of the strands may be present.

On the first layer 8 of wood chips, a first material insert 5 is placed by a second unwinding station 15. The material insert 5, as well as the support 3, are rolled up on reels, from which they can be unwound.

On this first material insert 5, which may be formed as a paper web, a fabric web, a plastic web or a nonwoven web, a second wood chip layer 7 of scattering devices 27, 27 'is scattered. The second layer 7 of the wood chips is sprinkled in two stages, possibly with different orientation.

On this second layer 7, a further material insert 4 is applied by a further unwinding station 14, which in turn is covered by a third wood chip layer 6, which is scattered by a spreader 26. Finally, a final support 2 is placed on top of the last layer 6 of wood chips, which is also unrolled from a unwinding station 12.

Thus, a multi-layer structure of a material plate blank of a first edition 3, three chip layers 6, 7, 8, two material inserts 4, 5 made of paper, non-woven or fabric fabric and a final edition of 2. The respective chip layers 6, 7, 8 are formed as chip cake and may be provided with an adhesive or glue. The pads 2, 3 and the inserts 4, 5 preferably extend over the entire width of the OSB plate. 1

After the finished laying and sprinkling of the pads 2, 3, 4 deposits, 5 and 6 chip layers 6, 7, 8, the OSB plate blank is retracted in a continuous press 9, in the high temperature and high pressure of the blank to an OSB board. 1 is pressed with a predetermined thickness. The finished OSB panel 1 is cut at the end of the forming belt 10 to the desired length and has on the visible sides 20, 30, ie on the top and the bottom, in each case a final coating through the supports 2, 3. The material inserts 4, 5 are embedded in the OSB plate 1.

Notwithstanding the illustrated method can be dispensed with the conditions 2, 3, so that there is an OSB plate 1, on their visible sides 20, 30 no edition, z. B. has a paper web or melamine-soaked paper. Such OSB plate 1 would then have an OSB optics.

In an embodiment of the OSB plate 1 with the illustrated, three-layer manufacturing method, it is provided in a production of an OSB board that the first layer 8, which forms the underside of the OSB board 1, aligned with in the longitudinal direction in the conveying direction of the forming belt 10 Strands is scattered while the second layer 7 is sprinkled perpendicular thereto as a central position, while the upper layer 6 again aligned according to the first layer 8. Between the mutually perpendicular orientations of the strands material inserts 4, 5 are arranged, which may be provided on both sides with glue layers, such as melamine layers, to produce a good connection to the wood material layers 6, 7, 8.

If a support 2, 3 is provided on one side of the OSB board 1, it is provided that a glue layer is applied to the surface facing the respective wood chip layer 6, 8. During the pressing in the continuous press 9, a resin flux layer is formed between the support 2, 3 and the respective layer 6, 8. The thickness of the Harzverflussschicht determines the surface quality of the OSB board. 1

If the OSB board to be used as a formwork element for a matte concrete surface, a support 2, 3 is used with an increased moisture resistance. The moisture resistance leads to the hardening of the concrete that the support 2, 3 receives a portion of the water from the concrete and thereby swells, so that sets a dull concrete surface. If a smooth surface is to be generated, an additional resin layer is applied to the support 2, 3, on the one hand increases the resistance of the OSB plate 1 against punctiform loads, on the other hand forms a water film when used as a formwork panel, resulting in a homogeneous, shiny Surface structure of the concrete leads. In addition, the resin layer has the further task of largely leveling the inhomogeneous surface of an OSB board.

On the pads 2, 3 more pads can be applied, which serve either as a transport protection or as a release agent to more easily remove an OSB panel 1 from a concrete surface.

The number and arrangement of the material inserts 4, 5 varies according to the desired application and the desired strength of the OSB plate 1. Alternatively to a continuous press 9, the means for applying pressure and temperature to the OSB plate blank may also be formed discontinuously.

Claims (23)

1. Method for producing an OSB panel (1), in which wood chips glued with resin are scattered in a plurality of layers (6, 7, 8) oriented crossing one another to form a chip cake and the wood chips are pressed together with the application of pressure and temperature, characterised in that, before pressing, at least one layer-shaped material insert (4, 5), in particular a nonwoven, woven, plastics material or paper insert is introduced between the layers (6, 7, 8) and is pressed with the wood chips and the chip cake and the insert (4, 5) and/or a support (2, 3) are continuously pressed and also moved at feed rates which are matched to one another,
2. Method according to claim 1. characterised in that the support (2, 3) is placed under the first layer (8) and/or on the last layer (6) of the chip cake and the wood chips are pressed together with the support (2, 3) under the influence of pressure and temperature.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a second support is placed on the support (2, 3).
4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the second support is placed on before the chip cake is pressed.
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insert (4, 5) and/or the support (2, 3) is placed on while unwinding.
6. OSB panel made of a plurality of layers of wood chips glued with resin, which are pressed together with the application of pressure and temperature, with an upper visible side (20) and a lower visible side (30) extending substantially parallel thereto, at least one material insert (4, 5) being arranged between the visible sides (20, 30) in the OSB panel (1) between the scattered layers, characterised in that the layers of wood chips are oriented crossing and the material insert (4, 5) is permeable and connected to the wood chips, the wood chips penetrating the material insert (4, 5) and being directly adhesively connected to one another.
7. OSB panel according to claim 6, characterised in that the material insert (4, 5) is formed as a nonwoven, woven, plastics material or paper insert.
8. OSB panel according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the material insert (4, 5) is impregnated with an adhesive, in particular a resin glue.
9. OSB panel according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that at least one support (2, 3) is arranged on at least one visible side (20, 30) for coating.
10. OSB panel according to claim 9, characterised in that the support (2, 3) has a paper layer.
11. OSB panel according to claim 10, characterised in that the paper layer (2, 3) has a weight of at least 80 g/m² and incorporates a resin impregnation having a weight of at least 50 g/m².
12. OSB panel according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the paper layer (2, 3) has a weight of 200 g/m².
13. OSB panel according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the paper layer (2, 3) has a glue layer.
14. OSB panel according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the paper layer (2, 3) has a decoration directed toward the visible side (20, 30).
15. OSB panel according to claim 9, characterised in that the support (2, 3) is a nonwoven.
16. OSB panel according to claim 15, characterised in that the nonwoven (2, 3) has a weight of at least 80 g/m² and incorporates a resin impregnation having a weight of at least 50 g/m².
17. OSB panel according to claim 15, characterised in that the nonwoven (2, 3) has a layer of glue.
18. OSB panel according to claim 9, characterised in that a second support is arranged above the first support (2, 3).
19. OSB panel according to any one of claims 9 to 18, characterised in that the material insert (4, 5) is pressed together with wood-based material layers (6, 7, 8) arranged on both sides thereof under the action of pressure and temperature.
20. Arrangement for producing an OSB panel with a first device (28) for scattering on a first layer (8) of wood chips glued with resin, a second device (27, 27'; 26) for scattering at least one further wood chip layer (7, 6) made of wood chips glued with resin onto the material insert (5, 4) perpendicular to the orientation of the wood chips of the first layer (8) and a device (9) for pressing the wood chip layers (6, 7, 8) with the application of pressure and temperature into an OSB panel (1), characterised by at least one device (15, 14) for placing at least one material insert (5, 4) on the first wood chip layer (8), the device (9) for pressing the wood chip layers (6, 7, 8) and the material insert (4, 5) being formed as a continuously working belt press, in particular double belt press.
21. Arrangement according to claim 20, characterised in that a device (13) for placing on a first support (3) for the first wood chip layer (8) and/or a device (12) for placing a support (2) on the last wood chip layer (6) is provided.
22. Arrangment according to either of claims 20 or 21, characterised in that the devices (12, 13, 14, 15) for placing on the material inserts (4, 5) or supports (2, 3) are formed as unrolling stations with guides for the material inserts (4, 5) or supports (2, 3).
23. Arrangement according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterised in that a plurality of devices (26, 27, 27', 28) for scattering on wood chip layers (6, 7, 8) and devices (14, 15) for placing on material inserts (4, 5) are arranged alternately one behind the other.

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