EP1721111B1 - Verfahren zur verarbeitung von aluminium in einem rotations- oder flammofen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur verarbeitung von aluminium in einem rotations- oder flammofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1721111B1
EP1721111B1 EP05717705A EP05717705A EP1721111B1 EP 1721111 B1 EP1721111 B1 EP 1721111B1 EP 05717705 A EP05717705 A EP 05717705A EP 05717705 A EP05717705 A EP 05717705A EP 1721111 B1 EP1721111 B1 EP 1721111B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
vol
aluminum
fuel
concentration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP05717705A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1721111A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Lucas
Bernard Zamuner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to PL05717705T priority Critical patent/PL1721111T3/pl
Publication of EP1721111A1 publication Critical patent/EP1721111A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1721111B1 publication Critical patent/EP1721111B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
    • C22B21/0092—Remelting scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for treating aluminum in an oven in which at least one material containing aluminum and optionally one or more salts and / or slag and / or recycled scrap is introduced into the oven. the melting of this material by heat input using at least one burner fueled with oxidant and fuel, so as to obtain molten aluminum optionally coated with a slag comprising in particular alumina, and measures the concentration of carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen in the furnace atmosphere or in the exhaust gases from the furnace.
  • the melting process is most often carried out batchwise: the materials are loaded into the furnace, in one or more successive cycles before casting the molten metal to its place of use.
  • the molten metal must have a temperature of about 740 ° C. Above 750 ° C, the oxidation rate of the molten aluminum increases considerably, almost exponentially.
  • the initial period can be distinguished first, when the materials are solid, which allows the absorption of a large amount of heat, the melting of the aluminum occurring at about 660 ° vs.
  • This slag or filth contains a quantity of lost or oxidized metal, also called “losses on fire", which represents a significant loss of material for the aluminum producer and which should be minimized in order to increase the profitability of the product. fusion process. To reduce this oxidation, it is It has been known to maintain the temperature of the molten aluminum bath at less than about 750 ° C. But this method remains empirical because hot spots can appear on the surface generating localized oxidation.
  • the document JP 60121235 proposes to use the measurement of CO and H2 contents in the flue gas to ensure that, on a non-ferrous metal smelting furnace, the installed burners operate in substoichiometric mode within a range of values of the ratio the oxidant flow rate at the fuel flow rate of 95 to 100%, a portion of the fuel not being consumed.
  • the document EP 962,540 discloses a combustion process for melting a metal in a furnace, wherein an oxygen-rich gas is fed into the furnace over the flame of a burner in contact with the liquid metal.
  • the burner operates under substoichiometry, produces a reducing flame that shields between the oxygen-rich gas and the surface of the molten metal.
  • the method according to the invention solves the problem and reduces the formation of aluminum oxides.
  • the oxidizer which supplies at least one burner comprises more than 10% vol. oxygen, preferably at least 21% vol. O 2 . and in that the process comprises a final phase for reducing the oxidation of aluminum in the course of which the oxidant flow rate is substantially constant while the flow rate of fuel injected into at least one burner is a function of the concentration of monoxide carbon and / or hydrogen in the atmosphere or fumes, or vice versa (ie the fuel flow rate is substantially constant and the oxidant flow rate is a function of the concentration of CO and / or H 2 within the same limits as those defined below), this concentration of carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen being between 3% vol. and 15% vol. (vice versa means the possibility that the fuel flow rate is constant and the oxidant flow rate is a function of the concentration of CO and / or H 2 ).
  • the oxidant comprises more than 88% vol. in O 2 , preferably more than 95% vol. in O 2 . More preferably the oxidant is industrially pure oxygen.
  • the fuel may be any hydrocarbon or a light or heavy fuel oil (with a suitable oil spraying system in the burner): preferably natural gas, methane, propane, etc. are used. fuel is maintained between 1 and 5, preferably between 1.5 and 3.
  • the concentration of CO and / or H 2 is kept substantially constant throughout this oxidation reduction phase at a value of between 6% and 10% vol. (The set value C2 during this final phase will therefore preferably be set to a value within this range).
  • the oxidation reduction phase is preceded by a VOC combustion phase during which substantially all the organic products present in the material are destroyed by pyrolysis, followed optionally (but not necessarily) by a stabilization phase.
  • the VOC combustion phase ends when the value of the ratio R of the volumetric flow rates respectively of oxygen contained in the oxidant and fuel during this phase, becomes less than a threshold value S, defined below.
  • a threshold value S defined below.
  • the conditions of this hydrocarbon combustion phase will be maintained for a period ⁇ t (between 5% and 20% of the hydrocarbon combustion phase considered) so as to confirm the passing a value of R ⁇ S, before entering the second phase by changing the set value (which goes from a value C1 to a value C2) of the CO measured in the furnace or fumes, (taking into account the possible fluctuations in CO concentration variations, as exemplified on the Fig. 2 , for example).
  • This phase of duration ⁇ t will be called hereinafter detection phase
  • the process will comprise two phases (which can be repeated several times before the casting of the liquid aluminum) optionally separated by a generally short detection phase, to ensure that the destruction of organic products is complete.
  • the concentration of CO in the furnace atmosphere and / or flue gas will be between 0.1% vol and 5% vol (C1 setpoint).
  • the lower limit is in fact determined such that there is at most 1000 ppm of oxygen in the fumes (or atmosphere).
  • the concentration of CO and / or H 2 is above the set value C1 chosen above. Conversely, during the final phase, the concentration of H 2 and / or CO (in the absence of application of the invention) is less than the set value C2, and one of the aims of the invention is to increase this concentration.
  • a regulation is carried out directly on a value C2, between 3% and 15% vol. CO value, value C2 greater than the concentration of CO in the same furnace with the same charge, in the absence of regulation on a set value by CO and / or H 2 .
  • the oxidation reduction phase of the aluminum is completed by reintroduction into the furnace of a new charge of material containing aluminum, or by the casting of liquid aluminum towards its point of use.
  • the material containing aluminum in the context of the invention may be in particular, for example aluminum bullion, chips for turning aluminum parts, boxes of drinks, canned goods, scrap, falls of production, dross, slag containing aluminum, and in general any material containing aluminum.
  • the invention also applies to temperature maintenance furnaces of liquid aluminum.
  • the figure 1 is a schematic view of an oven 1 (seen in section) and the control system according to the invention.
  • a burner 10 creates a flame 2 which heats and melts the metal 3, in liquid form.
  • the flue gases 4 from the furnace 1 and resulting from the combustion, in particular from the burner, are discharged via the duct 18, in which are placed detectors 5 and 6 (known per se) of CO and / or H 2, respectively, making it possible to measure the concentration of CO and / or H 2 in said fumes.
  • the signal from each of the detectors 5 and 6 is transmitted via the connection line to a control unit 8 whose operation will be explained below.
  • the burner 10 is fed respectively with oxidant 13 and fuel 14 by means of controlled valves (mass flowmeters, for example) respectively 12 and 11 for delivering a suitable flow rate of oxidant and fuel to the burner.
  • the control device 8 is controlled by the control device 8, via the connection line 15.
  • the connection lines 17 and 16 transmit the measurement of the opening of the valves 12 and 11 to the control system 8, which also receives a temperature information of the molten metal 3 via a sensor.
  • the control system 8 includes a setting of the CO (and / or H 2 ) concentration setpoint, which can be modified as a function of time, in particular to go from the value C1 to the value C2.
  • this Depending on whether the measurement of the concentration of CO and / or H 2 transmitted by the sensors 5 and / or 6 to the control device 8 is greater or less than said set point, this generates a control signal via the connection 15 to the controlled valves 12 and 11 which regulate the injection of the oxidant 13 and the fuel 14 to obtain a reduction or an increase in the concentration of carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen in the fumes.
  • the typical variations of the ratio R (the oxidant flow rate or preferably the fuel flow rate is kept constant) and those of the concentration of CO and / or H 2 in the flue gases in the context of the two-phase management of the fuel cycle are shown. merger previously described.
  • the regulator increases the value of the ratio R in order to supply the oxidizer in excess to burn the VOCs.
  • the production of VOC by the charge and their combustion reaches a maximum then decreases to become zero at the end of phase I.
  • the ratio R follows this trend by passing through a maximum, denoted R_MAX before decreasing in phase I.
  • R_MAX a maximum
  • the ratio R necessarily and definitely crosses the threshold S, defined previously, before reaching a minimum, denoted R_MIN.
  • the ratio R reaches the threshold S, there remains indeed a small amount of VOC in the load which generates a level of CO and / or H 2 below the set point C1.
  • the regulator controls the ratio R by decreasing it further (production of CO and / or H 2 by the burner), in order to compensate the difference with respect to this set point C1. All VOCs are burned when the ratio reaches R_MIN. It is then time to change the control strategy because phase II begins.
  • the regulator controls the ratio R by increasing it (reduction of the production of CO and / or H 2 by the burner), in order to compensate for the deviation from this set point C2.
  • the setpoint is then reduced to the value C1 defined above.
  • the end of phase II is therefore the time t4.
  • the indicator according to the invention controls the phase change in the middle of the melting at time t2 because the first charge consists of drink cans coated with paint, so heavily loaded with organic compounds.
  • the indicator controls the phase change in T 2 shortly after the beginning of the phase, thus optimizing the start the control strategy adapted to phase II.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Aluminium in einem Ofen, bei dem in den Ofen ein Material eingeführt wird, das Aluminium und gegebenenfalls ein oder mehrere Salze enthält, die Fusion dieses Materials durch Hitzeeintrag mit Hilfe mindestens eines Brenners ausgeführt wird, der mit einem Oxidationsmittel und einem Brennstoff versorgt wird, um geschmolzenes Aluminium zu erhalten, das gegebenenfalls mit einer Schlacke überzogen ist, die vor allem Aluminiumoxid und mindestens ein Salz umfasst, und die Konzentration an Kohlenmonoxid CO und/oder Wasserstoff H2 in der Atmosphäre des Ofens oder in den Rauchgasen am Ausgang des Ofens gemessen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Oxidationsmittel, das mindestens einen Brenner versorgt, mehr als 10 Vol.-% Sauerstoff, bevorzugt mehr als 21 Vol.-% Sauerstoff umfasst, und dadurch, dass das Verfahren eine Endphase der Reduktion der Oxidation des geschmolzenen Aluminiums umfasst, in deren Verlauf
    - die Durchflussrate des Oxidationsmittels im Wesentlichen konstant ist, während die Durchflussrate des Brennstoffs, der in mindestens einen Brenner eingespritzt wird, von der Konzentration an Kohlenmonoxid und/oder an Sauerstoff in der Atmosphäre oder den Rauchgasen abhängt, oder
    - die Durchflussrate des Brennstoffs im Wesentlichen konstant ist, während die Durchflussrate des Oxidationsmittels, das in mindestens einen Brenner eingespritzt wird, von der Konzentration an Kohlenmonoxid und/oder an Sauerstoff in der Atmosphäre oder den Rauchgasen abhängt,
    wobei diese Konzentration auf einen Sollwert C2 im Bereich zwischen 3 und 15 Vol.-% eingestellt ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Oxidationsmittel mehr als 88 Vol.-% O2, bevorzugt mehr als 95 Vol.-% O2 umfasst.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass des Oxidationsmittel industriell reiner Sauerstoff ist.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoff ausgewählt ist aus Erdgas, Kohlenwasserstoffen, leichtem oder schwerem Heizöl.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Volumenverhältnis Sauerstoff zu Brennstoff zwischen 1 und 5, bevorzugt zwischen 1,5 und 3 gehalten wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konzentration an Kohlenmonoxid und/oder an Sauerstoff im Wesentlichen während der gesamten Phase der Reduktion der Oxidation auf einem Wert C2 im Bereich zwischen 3 Vol.-% und 15 Vol.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 6 und 10 Vol.-% konstant gehalten wird.
  7. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Phase der Reduktion der Oxidation eine Phase der Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen vorausgeht, in deren Verlauf im Wesentlichen alle organischen Produkte, die in dem Material vorhanden sind, durch Pyrolyse zerstört werden.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Phase der Verbrennung der Kohlenwasserstoffe als beendet betrachtet wird, wenn der Wert, der für das Verhältnis R der Sauerstoffvolumendurchflussrate geteilt durch die Brennstoffvolumendurchflussrate gemessen wird, unterhalb eines vorbestimmten Werts S fällt.
  9. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Phase der Stabilisierung mit einer gemessenen Konzentration an CO und/oder H2 abläuft, die auf den Sollwert C1 eingestellt ist, wobei diese Phase endet, wenn das Verhältnis R seinen Minimalwert erreicht.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Phase der Reduktion der Oxidation des Aluminiums durch das erneute Einführen in den Ofen einer neuen Beschickung mit Material endet, das Aluminium enthält.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Messen von CO mit Hilfe einer Laserdiode ausgeführt wird.
EP05717705A 2004-02-25 2005-02-07 Verfahren zur verarbeitung von aluminium in einem rotations- oder flammofen Not-in-force EP1721111B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05717705T PL1721111T3 (pl) 2004-02-25 2005-02-07 Sposób obróbki aluminium w piecu obrotowym lub płomiennym

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0450351A FR2866656B1 (fr) 2004-02-25 2004-02-25 Procede de traitement d'aluminium dans un four rotatif ou reverbere
PCT/FR2005/050074 WO2005085732A1 (fr) 2004-02-25 2005-02-07 Procede de traitement d'aluminium dans un four rotatif ou reverbere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1721111A1 EP1721111A1 (de) 2006-11-15
EP1721111B1 true EP1721111B1 (de) 2008-06-25

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EP05717705A Not-in-force EP1721111B1 (de) 2004-02-25 2005-02-07 Verfahren zur verarbeitung von aluminium in einem rotations- oder flammofen

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US7655067B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1721111B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2007524003A (de)
AT (1) ATE399296T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2557288A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005007710D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2308464T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2866656B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1721111T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2005085732A1 (de)

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FR2832732B1 (fr) * 2001-11-29 2004-02-13 Air Liquide Utilisation de l'analyse des fumees dans les fours d'aluminium
FR2854408B1 (fr) * 2003-04-30 2006-05-26 Air Liquide Procede de traitement d'aluminium dans un four
DE602005008994D1 (de) * 2005-11-29 2008-09-25 Linde Ag Kontrolle eines Schmelzprozesses
US7621154B2 (en) * 2007-05-02 2009-11-24 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid fuel combustion for industrial melting with a slagging combustor
US8071062B2 (en) * 2009-03-06 2011-12-06 Siemens Energy, Inc. High temperature catalytic process to reduce emissions of carbon monoxide
GB2477753B (en) * 2010-02-11 2012-04-18 Rifat Al Chalabi Metal recovery process
FR2959298B1 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2012-09-21 Air Liquide Four a flamme et procede de regulation de la combustion dans un four a flamme
CN102085689A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-08 卢文成 无机发泡板的生产方法
EP2664884B1 (de) 2012-05-18 2019-08-07 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Metallen
CN105890347B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2018-04-10 青岛智邦炉窑设计研究有限公司 一种回转窑式还原焙烧装置及工艺
US10991087B2 (en) * 2017-01-16 2021-04-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Flame image analysis for furnace combustion control
PL3555527T3 (pl) * 2018-03-02 2022-02-21 Praxair Technology, Inc. Analiza obrazu płomienia do kontroli spalania w piecu
JP2021025882A (ja) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-22 日本エア・リキード合同会社 炉を制御するための方法、およびこの方法を行うための分析装置
EP3974754A1 (de) * 2020-09-23 2022-03-30 Nippon Gases Euro-Holding, S.L.U. System zur temperaturmessung in einem ofen und verfahren zur steuerung der verbrennung darin
FR3143391A1 (fr) 2022-12-16 2024-06-21 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Système de fusion, et procédé de fusion de déchets d’aluminium

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JPS60121235A (ja) * 1983-12-01 1985-06-28 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The ガス焚反射炉の非鉄金属溶解法
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US5563903A (en) * 1995-06-13 1996-10-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. Aluminum melting with reduced dross formation
FR2777075B1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 2000-05-19 Air Liquide Procede de conduite d'un four et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
DE19824573A1 (de) * 1998-06-02 1999-12-09 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Metallen
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AT409269B (de) 2000-09-08 2002-07-25 Heribert Dipl Ing Dr Summer Verfahren zum salzlosen und oxidationsfreien umschmelzen von aluminium
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FR2832732B1 (fr) * 2001-11-29 2004-02-13 Air Liquide Utilisation de l'analyse des fumees dans les fours d'aluminium
FR2854408B1 (fr) * 2003-04-30 2006-05-26 Air Liquide Procede de traitement d'aluminium dans un four

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2866656B1 (fr) 2006-05-26
ATE399296T1 (de) 2008-07-15
CA2557288A1 (fr) 2005-09-15
FR2866656A1 (fr) 2005-08-26
EP1721111A1 (de) 2006-11-15
US20070171954A1 (en) 2007-07-26
ES2308464T3 (es) 2008-12-01
DE602005007710D1 (de) 2008-08-07
PL1721111T3 (pl) 2008-11-28
WO2005085732A1 (fr) 2005-09-15
US7655067B2 (en) 2010-02-02
JP2007524003A (ja) 2007-08-23

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