EP1721039A2

EP1721039A2 - Rope-like structure

Info

Publication number: EP1721039A2
Application number: EP05706534A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ruedi Hess
Original assignee: Textilma AG; Mamutec AG
Current assignee: Textilma AG
Priority date: 2004-03-02
Filing date: 2005-03-01
Publication date: 2006-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2025-03-01
Also published as: RU2369674C2; KR20060131865A; NZ549657A; WO2005085518A3; BRPI0508324A; WO2005085518A2; AU2005219475A1; RU2006134407A; ATE510062T1; CA2558076A1; JP4771434B2; NO20064158L; US20070137163A1; KR101231667B1; JP2007526408A; EP1721039B1; US7784258B2

Abstract

A rope-like structure, such as a core-spun rope, a cord or a rope, disclosed wherein the individual fibers, threads, strands and/or cords are provided in the form of longitudinal fibers of a longitudinal fiber structure which are joined to another fiber which extends in a substantially crosswise manner or at any particular angle in relation to the longitudinal fibers, such that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure are mutually non-slip and essentially cannot move backwards in relation to each other, wherein the other fibers are untied, at least on one occasion, in relation to the longitudinal fibers and the latter are thus retained thereby.

Description

Rope-like structure

The invention relates to a rope-like structure according to claim 1.

According to US 4,640,178 a core sheath rope is known which combines a plurality of core fiber bundles as a core and is surrounded by an intermediate sheath. There is a braided outer jacket made of monofilament around the intermediate jacket. The core, intermediate sheath and sheath are not connected to each other and therefore slide against each other, which proves to be disadvantageous when the core sheath rope is used.

According to US 4,170,076, a core sheath rope is known which consists of a braided core, which in turn is formed by a large number of core fiber bundles. The core is also surrounded by a braided jacket. The core and jacket are not connected to each other and therefore not slip-resistant. Thickening or thin spots are formed in use, which is disadvantageous.

According to WO 03/027383, a rope-like structure, in particular kernmantle ropes, cords and ropes, is known in which the individual fibers, yarns or yarn strands are connected to one another in such a way that they are mutually non-slip. Such rope-like structures have an increased strength in the elongation behavior and an increased knot strength.

According to AT 358433, a rope, in particular a mountain rope, is known in a core-sheath construction, in which the sheath threads are guided in such a way that they are colored outwards as a braided pattern or lie inwards on the core for better holding of the sheath. The core game is held by tubular braids.

Furthermore, ropes with a core and a sheath or cords are known Usually twisted or manufactured from different braided strands, as a hollow braid without core or from strands. With such cords, loops can be formed at one end with so-called 'splicing'. These properties are mainly valued and used in sailing. But splicing is complex and therefore expensive.

Strings or thin cords are known as covering for a tennis racket, which are braided with a core as the core with a fine yarn in order to obtain greater friction and strength. Strings and fine cords are also known, which have a ribbed surface ('longitudinal-transverse' pattern) or another special structure in order to increase the friction.

It is the object of the present invention, a rope-like structure, respectively. to propose a rope-like structure in which the individual fibers, yarns or skeins are connected to one another as longitudinal fibers so that the fibers, yarns or skeins are mutually non-slip, thereby eliminating the disadvantages mentioned.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a rope-like structure according to the wording of claim 1.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1 Schematic structure of a Kemmantelsees according to the invention

Fig. 2 Schematic structure of a cord according to the invention

Fig. 3 cord with folded, further transverse fiber

Fig. 4 cord with from the inside to the outside and from the outside inwards another transverse fiber Fig. 5 cord with at least one longitudinal fiber of high strength

Fig. 6 First embodiment of a cord with several transverse melt fibers. Fig. 7 Second embodiment of a cord with several fibers lying in parallel in the longitudinal direction Fig. 8 Third embodiment of a cord with outside melt fibers

Fig. 9 first embodiment of a core sheath rope with an intermediate sheath and transverse fibers

Fig. 10 Second embodiment of a core rope made of the same materials of different thickness and strength

Fig. 1 1 Schematic structure of a low-stretch rope

Fig. 12 First embodiment of a rope with good damping properties

Fig. 13 rope with a label

Fig. 14 rope with a running designation

Fig. 15 Schematic structure of a climbing rope

Fig. 16 rope with a cavity

Fig. 17 rope with a change in cross section

Fig. 18 rope-like structure with openings

Fig. 19 Rope-like structure with the end looped back

Fig. 20 part of a rope-like structure with cross sections

Fig. 21 cord with grid-like openings for non-slip coverings

Fig. 22 cord with grid-shaped thickening for non-slip coverings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of a core sheath rope according to the invention. A core sheath rope 10 has an inner core area 1 and a sheath area 2 surrounding it. The core area 1 consists of at least one core 3, which in turn is formed from a multiplicity of fibers, yarns, yarn strands and / or at least one cord according to the invention, and which are hereinafter referred to collectively as so-called core fiber structures 5. The sheath region 2 consists of a sheath 4, which in turn is formed from a multiplicity of fibers, yarns, skeins of yarn and / or at least one further cord according to the invention, and is hereinafter referred to collectively as a so-called sheath fiber structure 6. Several cores can also be present in core area 1, for example three or five, equipped with core fibers and / or cords according to the invention of the same or different Licher type, which shows the diversity of the core fiber structure 5. The same applies to the sheath fiber structure 6.

Core fiber structures 5 and sheath fiber structures 6 consist of longitudinal fibers and are summarized below as longitudinal fiber structures 40.

A portion of the core fiber structure 5, referred to as core fibers 5 ', is now present in the cladding area 2 and is connected therein to the cladding fibers of the cladding fiber structure 6, while a portion of the cladding fiber structure 6, designated as cladding fibers 6', is in the core area 1 and in this the core fibers 3 are connected. As a result, the jacket is mutually non-slip on the at least one core. It is also possible to connect several shells with different fibers in a non-slip manner to one another in a non-slip manner with the at least one core. At least one further fiber 50, which is essentially transverse to the longitudinal fiber structure 40, or a fiber bundle holds the longitudinal fibers in the longitudinal fiber structure 40 against one another or against one another. In the following, the term "fiber 50" is always also understood to mean a fiber bundle.

The fiber 50 lies essentially diagonally to the longitudinal fiber structure 40 to the longitudinal fibers or extends at almost any angle to them, but usually at an angle that is less than 45 °. But it can also be an angle of 45 ° to 90 ° or exactly 90 °. More specific arrangements of fiber 50 will be described later.

The slipping of the sheath on the core is a known, but extremely undesirable property of core sheath ropes, as already explained. The structure described, on the one hand with the mixing of core and sheath fibers and on the other hand by binding with transverse fibers, now prevents any slipping and therefore offers significant advantages.

Advantageously, there is a smooth run when running over carabiners, rollers and unrollers. Neither thickening points nor thin points occur, as is usual with a jacket slide. Such kernmantel ropes can be used instead of twisted ropes.

Possible fibers are materials such as PBO, polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, Dyneema, aramid, Vectran and Zylon for high-strength applications, aramid, Nomex and monofilament yarns for heat-resistant and flame-resistant applications, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester and monofilament yarns for UV-resistant, Polypropylene and monofilament yarns for buoyant and polyamide, polyester and monofilament yarns for cut and shear resistant applications.

Transverse fiber bundles consist of monofilament, multifite or staple fibers. They are twisted, twisted or processed as a parallel fiber bundle. Mixed fibers made of different fibers are also used. Any combination of individual fibers is conceivable.

2 shows the schematic structure of a cord according to the invention. A cord 20 has a longitudinal fiber structure 40 which is made from fibers, yarns and / or yarn strands. The individual yarn strands are surrounded by at least one further fiber 50 or a fiber bundle, respectively. tied. This lies approximately across the longitudinal fibers. The connection of the longitudinal fibers by means of the further fiber 50 is designed in such a way that it runs in the transverse direction, diagonal direction or another angle of any desired choice to the longitudinal fibers.

Under the longitudinal fibers there is at least one longitudinal thread or a longitudinal fiber 41, which is surrounded or enclosed by the fiber 50, the longitudinal thread or the longitudinal fiber 41 being held at a specific position within the longitudinal fiber structure 40. The fiber 50 is returned to this position in such a way that it surrounds the individual, further longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 individually, partially or entirely and holds them in position, or essentially keeps them immovable, immovable and stable in position.

The primary function of the fiber 50 or the fiber bundle lies in this setting process. Of course, the same fiber is continued after the 'setting' to the next setting point, for which purpose the fiber usually runs parallel to the longitudinal fibers, which equates to an 'offset' of the setting points. This continuation of the fiber 50 is a secondary function, which is why the term "essentially transverse" appears to be appropriate. A different-looking surface is formed or achieved with this one or more fibers 50. The individual yarn strands and fibers used for this purpose, which can be different in thickness, strength and color, are practically immovably connected to the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40. A cord of this type looks like a conventional twisted cord, but can also have different materials and is untwisted or untwisted, which is a great advantage. It can also be made to look like a braided cord. It can consist of different fibers, which are immovably connected to each other, but have a higher strength with respect to a braided cord.

3 shows a cord 20 with a further transverse fiber 50 which is wrapped around the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40. On the outside, the fiber 50 encloses one of the longitudinal fibers 41 at at least two points, and then in the direction of the middle of the clamp from the outer surface of the cord to lead away, or to return, and later to come back to the surface between two longitudinal fibers and to enclose another longitudinal fiber 41 ', or to be' folded over '. The fibers 50 can be of different strength and elongation. Some of the longitudinal fibers are designed as so-called melt fibers, which are fused with heat. Elastic fibers are also used.

4 shows a cord 20 with a further transverse fiber 50 which is guided from the inside to the outside and from the outside in. The fiber 50 extends over a larger part of the surface of the cord and is folded inwards around the longitudinal fiber 41.1 of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 to be folded around the longitudinal fibers 41.2 and 41.3 and led outwards to the surface of the cord in order to be guided around the longitudinal fiber 41.1 again. The latter is now done in the opposite direction. Each of the outside longitudinal fibers can take over the role of the longitudinal fiber 41.1 regarding 'folding'. The choice of the next longitudinal fiber can be made in a strict order as the next one or according to any, even stochastic pattern. The same applies to the choice of one of the inner longitudinal fibers 41.2 or 41.3, or one of the core fibers.

As a result, the core fibers and the fibers and / or yarn strands forming a jacket region are bound particularly strongly. A different stiffness or flexibility of the cord can be achieved in almost any way. Such a cord is unscrewed when cut. Fig. 5 shows a cord with at least one longitudinal fiber of high strength. A cord 20 has at least one additional longitudinal fiber or longitudinal thread 41, 41 'under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40, which has a significantly higher strength than the remaining longitudinal fibers. This enables extremely low elongation of the rope-like structure to be achieved. At the same time, the longitudinal threads 41, 41 'form one or more points 42 or areas within the longitudinal fiber structure 40 which have a significantly higher density and strength, which also enables particularly strong, secure sewing 43 with little sewing loss. At the same time, the points 42 have less stretch.

Fig. 6 shows a first embodiment of a cord with a plurality of transverse fibers or fiber bundles. A cord 20 has a number of transverse fibers 50 to the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 or yarn strands. Under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 there is at least one longitudinal thread 41, 41 'with at least one point within the longitudinal fiber structure with a substantially higher elasticity and / or elongation. This gives such a cord a special elasticity and ease of bending.

The longitudinal fibers are made of polyester, the transverse fibers of polyamide. Each of the outside longitudinal fibers is surrounded by a fiber 50 every 0.3-1.5 mm, or is bound by it.

Such a cord 20 is characterized by a higher elongation and / or elasticity. The damping properties of such a cord are particularly high. This is particularly the case if it is incorporated into a dynamic rope as one of the core cords. Here cords are processed as a 'finished product', or as a longitudinal yarn, longitudinal cord or as a longitudinal fiber structure to form a core sheath rope.

Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of a cord with several fibers lying in parallel in the longitudinal direction. A cord 20 has at least one further longitudinal fiber 44 under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40, which are present as so-called melt fibers in the core and / or in the jacket. The transverse fibers 50 are also here partly as melt fibers 51 made of polyamide. The longitudinal fiber structure consists of these melt fibers made of polyester. In the heat, ie during the heat treatment during or after the manufacturing process, these fibers melt at many points 45 with the longitudinal fibers, whereby a considerably higher abrasion resistance of the individual fibers or yarn strands among themselves or in the jacket area is achieved. The melt fibers 44 and 51 merge with the other longitudinal fibers at points 45. In addition, the longitudinal fibers are non-slip after the fusion. This also results in a significantly higher impregnation (eg with polyamide) and / or coating (polyamide).

Fig. 8 shows a third embodiment of a cord with outer melt fibers. A cord 20 has, under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40, further external longitudinal fibers 46 which are designed as melt fibers made of polyamide PA 6 or polyamide PA 6.6 (Grilon, Ems-Chemie, CH-7013 Domat / Ems). This results in a particularly abrasion-resistant but flexible jacket after processing (including heat treatment). Polyamide (melt fiber PA 6) is used as further transverse fibers 50, which alternately bind the longitudinal fibers every 2 mm.

The resulting cord properties are extremely high abrasion resistance and improved UV resistance. These cords can be used in rolls, winches, carabiners and clamps and have a significantly improved abrasion resistance.

A cord structure, as described in FIG. 8, can also apply to a rope. In a more general form, the core and the cladding have the same or different longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40. The outer longitudinal fibers 46 are at least partially designed as melt fibers. An at least one further transverse fiber 50 surrounds the outer longitudinal fibers 46 or binds them off. At the same time, there is at least a second further transverse fiber 50 'as a melt fiber which surrounds the outer longitudinal fibers 46 or binds them. A melted jacket is created by fusing the longitudinal fibers 46 with the second further transverse fiber 50 '.

Fig. 9 shows a first embodiment of a core sheath rope with an intermediate sheath and transverse fibers. The core 3 has high-performance fibers in the core fiber structure 5 with fibers such as Polyamide (PA), polyester (PES), low-stretch polyester. (PEN), aramid, Dyneema, Vectran or Zylon. The intermediate jacket 8 consists of so-called damping yarns, such as monofilament or elastic yarns, which have a high compression property, while the jacket 4 consists of jacket fibers in the jacket fiber structure 6, such as polyester or polyamide, which have a high abrasion, cut or Have edge strength.

The high-performance fibers of the core fiber structure 5 and the sheath fibers of the sheath fiber structure 6, also referred to as longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40, are bound or wrapped in further fibers 50 lying approximately transversely, one fiber 51 surrounding the longitudinal fibers as a whole, while others Fibers 51 'only alternately surround the longitudinal fibers, ie only every second outer longitudinal fiber is tied. Polyamide was used as fibers 51, 51 '.

If the at least one further fiber 50 has a higher strength than the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 and loops around and binds the longitudinal fibers differently, a rope is produced with a higher flexural strength and strength and thereby a higher rigidity.

If the core is e.g. Made of high-strength aramid fibers and one or more coats made of heat-resistant Nomex fibers, the core sheath rope is particularly suitable for rescue operations as a heat-resistant rope in the fire service and army sectors.

The mixing, or the connection, of the core fibers in the at least one cladding area can be slight, i.e. less than 3%. At the same time, there is no need for a mixture of sheath fibers in the core area. However, if this is the case, there is also a slight mixing, i.e. it is less than 3%. Core fibers are then in at least one cladding area, while cladding fibers are connected in the core area. This mainly concerns applications of the dynamic and static kernmantel ropes used today.

Fig. 10 shows a second embodiment of a core sheath rope made of the same materials with different thickness and strength. A core sheath rope has longitudinal fibers 40, the outer sheath fibers being thicker than the core fibers. The outer sheath fibers are 50 with the other fiber alternately tied. This creates a higher strength in the jacket area. The rope may also have a surface that is similar to a twisted rope. Core and sheath fibers are made of polyester and the transverse fibers of polyamide.

The longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 are generally mixed as core and sheath fibers, the sheath fibers forming part of the core and the core fibers forming part of the sheath. At the same time, they are bound by at least one further fiber 50 with a higher strength with respect to the longitudinal fibers, the further fiber having a different thickness, strength or extensibility.

Fig. 1 1 shows the schematic structure of a low-stretch rope. A rope consists of individual fibers, yarns or yarn strands as longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40, which are connected to one another or are present in such a way that the fibers, yarns or yarn strands are mutually non-slip. At least one further transverse or transverse fiber 50 or a bundle of fibers binds the longitudinal fibers again and again, so that the longitudinal fibers are mutually immovable or held in position. In appearance it looks like a twisted or braided rope, but it has at least 10% higher strength in elongation behavior and at least 10% higher knot strength than conventional ropes. A positive feature is that it doesn't fray or twist at the cut end. With this rope construction, as many yarns as possible lie in parallel or are additionally drawn or pre-drawn.

In these applications, the fibers in the core area should lie extremely parallel and are partially pre-stretched, while the fibers are arranged in a loop around the jacket area, making them more flexible, abrasion and cut-resistant and also significantly increasing the UV resistance.

If the at least one further fiber 50 has a higher elasticity than the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 and binds the longitudinal fibers, then a core of high-strength aramid fibers and a jacket of heat-resistant Nomex fibers or of abrasion-resistant, cut-resistant and / or flame-retardant, heat-, acid- or UV-resistant fibers and / or yarns a typical fire brigade rope. Other typical applications can generally be found in rescue Sets as ropes instead of steel ropes, as load ropes with few bending changes or as a replacement for twisted ropes.

However, if the core has high-strength fibers, some of which are pre-stretched or stretched, and if the sheath consists of UV-resistant, abrasion-resistant and cut-resistant yarns and / or fibers, typical properties of a sail sheet result.

12 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a rope with particularly fall-damping properties.

According to the invention, a rope can also be produced as damping as possible from yarns which consist of as many fibrils as possible and form a cord 20 according to the invention, the core fiber structures often being wrapped with at least one further fiber 50 or a fiber bundle. For example, a plurality of fibers 50, different in material and properties, are used to enclose one or more of the cords in any pattern. These cords according to the invention are used in the core of a rope according to the invention. Thanks to the good damping properties achieved, this construction is ideal for dynamic mountain ropes. Because of the good fall damping properties, yarns made of polyamide, polyester or POY yarns are mainly used.

Fig. 13 shows a rope with a label. In a longitudinal fiber structure 40, a label 52 has been continuously worked into the outer surface of the structure in the longitudinal direction of the rope by means of the at least one further fiber 50 or a fiber bundle. The good readability is significantly supported by a clever choice of color of the fiber 50 and / or individual longitudinal fibers.

In addition to a label, it can also be a description of any kind and / or, for example, a center indication of the rope. The incorporation can also take place in the transverse direction or at any angle to the longitudinal direction of the rope.

Fig. 14 shows a rope with a running designation. In a longitudinal fiber structure 40, a running designation 53 has been worked into the outer surface of the structure of the rope by means of the at least one further fiber. For example, this is a Ring marking with consecutive numbering. The surfaces of the intervals 54 ', 54 "between the designations, like the designations 53, have been marked on the one hand with a special choice of fibers 50 and on the other hand through a corresponding incorporation into the structure of the surfaces. For example, the surface of the interval 54' appears hatched and that of the interval 54 "dashed. Such a design of the rope surface is advantageous and particularly user-friendly.

15 shows the schematic structure of a sail sheet or an extremely static high-performance rope. Ropes with a similar appearance to braided, twisted ropes or a similar construction or design are produced instead of the usual kernmantle constructions of high-performance static ropes with the least elongation so that the extremely high-strength high-performance fibers lie very parallel in the core and have significantly reduced elongation and greater tear resistance, and so on resulting in improved static properties even with the same or reduced diameters. These longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure 40 can be pre-stretched or pre-stretched. The fibers of the sheath can result in significantly more abrasion-resistant, moisture-insensitive and cut-resistant properties, the core 3 and sheath 4 being connected to one another by one or more threads running in another direction, or further fibers 50, in such a way that, even with the most varied fiber properties, no sheath slip or additional stretch can occur.

16 shows a rope with a cavity. A longitudinal fiber structure 40 has in the core 3 very high-strength high-performance fibers with a significantly reduced elongation and a higher tear resistance, which result in improved static properties even with the same or reduced diameters. These core fibers surround a cavity 55 lying in the center of the core. The longitudinal fibers of the core, intermediate jacket and jacket are connected to one another by at least one further transverse fiber 50 in such a way that there is no jacket slip even with the most varied fiber properties. The intermediate sheath consists of different or the same fibers as that of the core or sheath. This creates a soft, flexible structure that prevents the formation of a cushioning cushion or air cushion allow the jacket and paired with the abrasion-resistant, edge-resistant, cut-resistant fibers and fiber constructions of the jacket has an extremely improved edge strength. The fiber structure of the intermediate sheath has finely structured small cavities or small air bubbles. The cavity 55 is also referred to as a 'soft core center'. The construction according to the invention looks similar to braided ropes in appearance. Such a rope is particularly cut-resistant and is particularly suitable for rescue operations of all kinds.

Fig. 17 shows a rope with a change in the cross section. A rope with a substantially round cross-section 61 changes the cross-section 63 to an oval or flat shape at least at any point 62 during the manufacturing process. At this point the rope can e.g. can be attached, sewn or clamped more easily and better. The changes in the cross-section can be made once or several times. For example, the oval shape change to a flat shape and later to a round shape. The transverse fibers 50 or fiber bundles frequently bind the longitudinal fibers, so that the rope appears surrounded by them in a net-like manner.

Cords and ropes of this type can be sewn and do not need to be spliced, which is a significant simplification in the assembly for end connections.

According to the invention, it is also possible to manufacture ropes which are similar in appearance to a twisted rope and which in the core area consist of other extreme high-strength fibers such as high-strength aramid fibers or Vectran, Zylon. The protective jacket can consist of fibers and / or yarns that form UV protection or a particularly abrasion-resistant jacket. Such ropes can be sewn at the section and therefore do not need to be spliced. In addition, such a rope does not twist at the interface. The designs of such core sheathed ropes are extremely diverse and cannot be listed conclusively here.

18 shows a rope-like structure, a cord or a rope which, in a predefined grid at a distance d, each have openings 64, 64 'and 64 "with the slot lengths L. If the slot length L is approximately 3-5 times the diameter D. of the undivided rope-like structure, which is interwoven as a 'piece', results in a particularly advantageous arrangement. There is the possibility of looping the one-piece back through the openings 64, as a result of which a loop is formed at one end of the rope-like structure. Repeatedly looping back results in a tightening of the loop under tension, whereby the loop can no longer open, similar to a spliced end. However, the grid can also be chosen arbitrarily, ie the distances d then follow one another irregularly.

19 shows a rope-like structure with the end looped back. The end 65 was looped through the openings 64, 64 ′ and 64 ″, thereby forming a loop which under tension has properties similar to those known from spliced loops.

20 shows part of a rope-like structure with cross sections. The opening 64 and the adjacent undivided regions 66 'and 66 "of the rope-like structure can be seen. The openings 64 and the regions 66' and 66" include the cross sections AA, B'-B 'and B "-B" with the Cross-sectional images A, B 'and B ". While the cross-sectional images B' and B" show a round rope-like structure, the cross-sectional image A shows a division and the opening formed thereby.

Fig. 21 shows a cord as a rope-like structure with grid-like openings for non-slip coverings. The structure of the cord or the string corresponds approximately to Fig. 18. However, it is designed for smaller diameters of 0.8 - 2.0 mm. First sections 70 with openings 64, 64 'and 64 "are followed by second sections 71, in which the cord is interwoven as an undivided rope-like structure or as a" one-piece ". Sections 70 and 71 follow one another in a predetermined manner A second cord 73 is located perpendicular to the first cord 72 and has been looped through the opening 64 of the first cord, the length L of the openings or slots has been chosen so that the transverse cord in the tensioned state approximately in the The length of sections 70 and 71 is also centered, ie the grid dimension is primarily matched to the dimension of the slots and secondarily to the tension ranges and the materials used, the grid moves, for example, from 3 to 30 mm, ie the slots follow each other The second cord 73 is arranged substantially perpendicular to the first cord 72. It lies against this and forms part of a covering. However, coverings are also conceivable, which make the spaces between the cords appear as diamonds.

Such arrangements of cords or strings are suitable for clothing of any kind, for example for ball games such as tennis, badminton, squash or golf. With this arrangement, the cords or strings can hardly move even under the greatest friction or impact pressure. This results in an improved tension of the racket surface in contact with the ball. The first and second cords are usually constructed identically, but this is not mandatory.

22 shows a cord with grid-shaped thickenings for low-slip clothing. The structure of the cord corresponds approximately to FIG. 21. Sections 70 and 71 follow one another in first and second cords 74, 75 or strings. In sections 71 the cord is designed as an undivided rope-like structure, interwoven as a 'one-piece'. In sections 70, the cords have thickenings 76 which are up to twice the diameter of the cord diameter in section 71. In this arrangement, too, the lengths of the sections 70 and 71, or the grid dimension, are matched to the stress ranges and the materials used. The grid moves e.g. from 3 - 30 mm, i.e. the slots follow each other at these intervals. The cords 74, 75 are essentially perpendicular to one another, the central regions of the sections 71 lying against one another in the tensioned state and forming part of a covering.

Such arrangements of cords or strings are suitable for clothing of any kind, for example for ball games such as tennis, badminton, squash or golf. This arrangement means that the cords or strings can only move insignificantly even under the greatest friction or impact pressure. This results in an improved tension of the racket surface in contact with the ball. In this version, too, the first and second cords are usually constructed identically, although this is not mandatory here either.

Kernmantel ropes according to the invention are used in occupational safety, in water, sailing and mountain sports, as well as in the police, fire service and army. Ropes and cords according to the invention are used for leisure and hobby, primarily as a replacement for braided or twisted ropes.

Claims

claims

1. Rope-like structure, in particular a core sheath rope, a cord and a rope, characterized in that the longitudinal fibers of a longitudinal fiber structure (40), consisting of individual fibers, yarns, yarn strands and / or cords, to form the core (3), intermediate sheath (8) and the sheath (4) are processed with one another such that at least one further fiber (50), or another fiber bundle, which is transverse to the longitudinal fibers essentially at a different angle, is present, which is attached around the longitudinal fibers in such a way that the latter are mutually non-slip and in Are essentially immovable and that the further fiber (50) is at least simply tied to the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40), the longitudinal fibers being held thereby.

2. Rope-like structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one longitudinal fiber (41) of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) is at least partially looped around with the at least one further fiber (50) and that the further longitudinal fibers are thereby retained.

3. Cord according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) are connected in such a way that the further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle runs in the transverse direction, diagonal direction or another angle of any desired angle to the longitudinal fibers that the fiber (50) surrounds at least one longitudinal thread, or a longitudinal fiber (41), or individually, completely or partially, whereby this is held at a position within the longitudinal fiber structure (40) and that the fiber (50 ) is attributed to the fact that it surrounds the individual longitudinal fibers as a whole and holds them in position against each other, or essentially immovable and stable.

4. Cord according to claim 3, characterized in that it is unscrewed.

5. Cord according to claim 3, characterized in that it has a higher strength with respect to a braided cord.

6. Cord according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that it has at least two points (42) at which the at least one, the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) looping, other fiber (50), or the fiber bundle folded and returned.

7. Cord according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that it is present in a twist-proof manner during cutting, by the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) being held by the at least one further fiber (50) or by the fiber bundle, these being around the longitudinal fibers from the outside in and from the inside out.

8. Cord according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it has at least one longitudinal thread, or a longitudinal fiber (41, 41 ') with one of the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) at at least one location within the longitudinal fiber structure (40) has much higher strength, whereby the cord (20) can be sewn more securely and / or has less stretch.

9. Cord according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it has at least one longitudinal thread, or a longitudinal fiber (41, 41 ') under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) at at least one location within the longitudinal fiber structure (40) has significantly higher elasticity and / or elongation, whereby the cord (20) has a higher elongation and / or elasticity.

10. Cord or rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that under the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) there is at least one further longitudinal fiber (44) which is heated with the longitudinal fibers and with the at least partially formed as a melt fiber further fiber (50 , 51), or fiber bundle is at least partially fused at at least one point (45) so that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) are non-slip, which results in a substantially higher abrasion resistance and / or impregnation and / or coating.

1 1. cord or rope according to claim 10, characterized in that the core (3) and the sheath (4) the same or different longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fibers formed (40) that the outer longitudinal fibers (46) are at least partially designed as a melt fiber, that at least one further transverse fiber (50) or a fiber bundle surrounds and binds the outer longitudinal fibers (46), and that at least a second further transverse fiber (50 '), or a second fiber bundle, in the form of a melt fiber, which surrounds and binds the outer longitudinal fibers (46), a molten jacket being heated with heat by fusing the longitudinal fibers (46) with the second further transverse fiber (50') arises.

12. Rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle has a higher strength compared to the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) and loops around and tied the longitudinal fibers differently, resulting in a higher rigidity arises.

13. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) are mixed as core and sheath fibers, the sheath fibers forming part of the core and the core fibers forming part of the sheath, and that these are simultaneously provided by at least one further Fiber (50), or a fiber bundle with a higher strength with respect to the longitudinal fibers, is tied, the further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle having a different thickness, strength or extensibility.

14. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle has a higher elasticity than the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) and binds the longitudinal fibers and that the core (3) made of high-strength aramid fibers and the jacket (4) consists of heat-resistant Nomex fibers or of abrasion-resistant, cut-resistant and / or flame-retardant, heat, acid or UV-resistant fibers and / or yarns.

15. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle has a higher elasticity than the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) and ties the longitudinal fibers and that the core (3) consists of ultra-strong parallel lying fibers that partially are pre-stretched or stretched, and the sheath (4) is made of UV-resistant, abrasion and cut-resistant yarns and / or fibers, which results in less elongation with greater flexibility.

16. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) in the core (3) of high-performance fibers and / or cords according to the invention with many fibrils and in the sheath (4) of abrasion-resistant, moisture-insensitive and cut-resistant fibers that the Fibers in the core (3) and sheath (4) are connected to one another by at least one further essentially transverse fiber (50) or a fiber bundle in such a way that even with the most varied of fiber properties there is no sheath slippage and, as a result, a higher one with the same or reduced diameter Damping of dynamic shocks is guaranteed.

17. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the core (3) consists of different high-performance fibers with the least stretch and high tensile strength and the sheath (4) consists of different, particularly abrasion-resistant, edge-resistant, cut-resistant, heat-resistant, flame-retardant, UV-resistant fibers and that the longitudinal fibers are arranged as parallel as possible, with the least possible elongation in the longitudinal direction.

18. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the longitudinal fibers of the longitudinal fiber structure (40) in the core (3) consist of extremely high-strength high-performance fibers with a substantially reduced elongation and a higher tear resistance and in the sheath (4) consist of abrasion-resistant, moisture-insensitive and cut-resistant fibers that the fibers in the core (3) and sheath (4) are connected to one another by at least one further essentially transverse fiber (50) or a fiber bundle in such a way that no sheath slippage occurs even with the most varied fiber properties and that this results in the same or reduced Diameter ensures the least possible stretch.

19. Rope according to claim 18, characterized in that at least the core fibers are partially pre-stretched or stretched.

20. Rope according to claim 12, characterized in that the longitudinal fiber structure (40) in the core (3), intermediate sheath (8) and sheath (4) consists of different fibers, that a cushioning cushion or an air cushion is formed in the intermediate sheath and that Rope in the center of the core (3) has a cavity (55).

21. Rope according to one of claims 12 - 20, characterized in that it essentially has a round cross-section which changes in places in diameter and in that the cross-section in places merges into an oval and / or flat cross-section.

22. Rope according to one of claims 12 - 21, characterized in that a label and / or a designation and / or a center indication by means of the at least one further fiber (50), or a fiber bundle in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction and / or is continuously incorporated into the outer surface of the structure at any angle to the longitudinal direction.

23. Rope-like structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle forms an angle of less than 45 ° to the longitudinal fibers (40).

24. Rope-like structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the further fiber (50) or the fiber bundle forms an angle of 45 ° to 90 ° or 90 ° to the longitudinal fibers (40).

25. Rope-like structure, cord or rope according to one of claims 1-24, characterized in that it changes in terms of grid from an undivided, interwoven rope-like structure with a diameter (D) into a divided, braided rope-like structure and openings (64, 64 ' , 64 ") with slot lengths (L).

26. Rope according to claim 25, characterized in that the end (65) of the rope is looped back several times through the openings (64, 64 ', 64 ") and forms a loop, the slot length (L) being 3-5 times of the diameter (D) of the rope.

27. Cord according to any one of claims 1-25, characterized in that it has first sections (70) in the form of an undivided, interwoven rope-like structure and second sections (71) as a divided, interwoven rope-like structure.

28. Cord according to claim 27, characterized in that a second cord (73) is looped through an opening (64) of the first cord (72) and is arranged substantially perpendicular to the latter, the first and second cords forming part of a covering.

29. Cord according to one of claims 1-24, characterized in that it has first sections (70) as undivided, interwoven rope-like structure and second sections (71) as interwoven rope-like structure, each with thickenings (76), the diameter of which up to 2 times the diameter in the first sections (70).

30. Cord according to claim 29, characterized in that there is a second cord (75) arranged substantially perpendicular to a first cord (74), the central regions of the sections (71) lying one on top of the other and first and second cords forming part of a covering ,

31. Cord according to one of claims 1-30, characterized in that the at least one further fiber (50) is designed as a fiber bundle.

32. Cord according to one of claims 1 - 31, characterized in that the fiber bundle consists of monofilament, multifilament staple fibers or mixed fibers of different fibers, or of any combination of fibers, the fiber bundle being twisted, twisted or in the form of a parallel fiber bundle.